Name: Chen Kuei Country or region: China Subject: microbiologist Inventions: the founder of Chinese soil microbiology Resume The main founder of Chen Kuei (1914.1.11-) Chinese microbiologists, soil microbiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Kunshan County, Jiangsu Province, in 1935 graduated from the Department of Biology, Peking University, 1936 to the UK Health and Tropical Diseases, University College London to study in 1939, received his Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of London. After returning home, he first Tsinghua University in Kunming Rockwell Foundation Fellow, Institute of Agriculture, and later transferred to the Central Agricultural Laboratory work. 1946 soil preparation Peking University Department of Agronomy disabilities, he served as professor and chair; later he founded the Department of Chemistry and Department of Agricultural Chemistry Central China Agricultural College, Wuhan University soil disabilities; 1956, he was also involved in the establishment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan microbiological laboratory (later Wuhan Virus Research Institute) work. 1979-1984, he served as president of Central China Agricultural College. His achievements in the study of nodules, for the first time to clarify the relationship between the size and duration of symbiotic nitrogen fixation and nodule tissue validity, first discovered genus Rhizobium ---- parasitic properties of Rhizobium use in agriculture laid the foundation; has created a green manure crop paddy paddy topsoil system and do the kind of dominant organisms play a leading role in the argument. He also found that nitrite strict anaerobic bacteria, this study found that the nature of the transformation of nitrogen is important. Rhizobium strains in the promotion of efficient breeding and applications, greatly contributed to the expansion of China's south-fat double cropping paddy green manure species and area. After 80 years, he has pioneered the study of bacteria introduced into the root field of molecular biology, he presided over the "rhizobia in the host cell differentiation and survival sex" to obtain research and technological progress award. He is the vice chairman of the vice president of China Society of Agronomy and the Chinese Society for Microbiology.
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Chen Kuei - Basic Information
Chen Kuei (1914 01.11 - 11.19 2002), Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, the county of origin, Chinese microbiologists and higher agricultural educator, principal founder of soil microbiology. Chinese Communist Party, China Democratic League Leaguers, China Democratic National Construction Association, third, fifth, sixth National People's Congress. A former member of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, China Association for Science Committee, vice chairman of the China Society of Agronomy, vice president of China Society for Microbiology, Chinese Research Society of Soil and Fertilizer, dean Central China Agricultural University, Huazhong Agricultural University, director of the Academic Committee, Prof. Dr. tutor, Hubei CAST honorary member. One of the pioneers of soil microbiology research.
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Chen Kuei - CVs
January 1914 Born on 11 Beijing In 1931 graduated from Peking University Foundation In 1935 graduated from the Department of Biology, Peking University 1935 to 1936, he served as assistant professor, Department of Biology, Peking University In 1939 graduated from the University of London, received his Ph.D. In 1940 the United States and the Indemnity Fund for Agricultural Research Institute of Tsinghua University engaged in research work in the Southwest Associated University 1941 - 1945 Senior Specialist of the Central Agricultural Research Institute 1946 - 1947 Professor of Peking University College of Agriculture, Department of Soil 1947 to 1952 Professor of Wuhan University, College of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Chemistry Former Central China Agricultural College in 1952 after the (now Huazhong Agricultural University), Professor, Department of Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Biological Nitrogen Fixation Research Director, Central China Agricultural College Dean 1980 was elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences academician November 19, 2002, died in Wuhan
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Chen Kuei - Academic Research
Chen Kuei for the first time to clarify the relationship between the size and duration of symbiotic nitrogen fixation and nodule tissue effectiveness; first discovered genus Rhizobium ---- parasitic properties of Rhizobium use in agriculture laid the foundation; creating a green manure crop paddy paddy topsoil system and do the kind of dominant organisms play a leading role in the argument; addition, Chen Kuei also found nitrite strictly anaerobic bacteria, the finding of the study has important natural nitrogen transformation meaning, for the south of the Yangtze River and the Yangtze River China double cropping cultivation expanded to provide a scientific basis for milk vetch green manure and applied technology; late 1980s he pioneered the study of bacteria introduced into the root of the field of molecular biology, he presided over the "nodule bacteria in the host cell differentiation and survival sex "to obtain research and technological progress award. Its academic activities focused on the intersection of agricultural production, soil fertility and microbial activity, mainly in the transformation of symbiotic nitrogen and microbial soil surface nutrient elements in these two areas. Fertility study of biological cycles and rice paddy soil tilth soil of nutrients Chen Kuei conducted beans Symbiotic nitrogen fixation relationship and its application in agricultural production, and achieved success, expanding the fertilizer source, to ensure the single cropping of rice in southern China conditionally, according to local conditions to double-crop rice farming revolution. The late 1940s, he was involved in the preparation of the soil, Peking University Department of Agronomy; participate in the construction of Wuhan University of Agriculture and Agricultural Chemistry; early 1950s, Chen Kuei institutions involved in the preparation of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry Mathematics seven plans and curriculum; involved in the preparation of the agricultural colleges teaching microbiology big steel; involved in the preparation and establishment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan microbiological laboratory (now Wuhan Institute of Virology); early 1970s, participated in the National Science and Technology Commission and chaired the Sixth Five-Year Plan on major issues of biological nitrogen fixation Research. Chen Kuei has published the monograph "soil microbiology", editor of "Microbiology"
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Chen Kuei - Publications
1 Chen Kuei. Green manure seeds and inoculated rhizobia. New Science, 1952 (3) :33-38. 2 Chen Kuei, Zhuangzheng De, He Dian-yuan. Impact on the "silent paddy" rice production of sulfur quality. Soil Science, 1952,2 (1) :34-46. 3 Chen Kuei. Green seedling soak test report and discussion. Soil Science, 1952,2 (1) :46-54. 4 Chen Kuei. Rhizosphere microorganisms on soil nutrients plants. Huazhong Agricultural Sciences, 1955 (1) :1-4. 5 Chen Kuei. Development and characteristics of paddy rice fields of green manure cropping system. Soil Science, 1955,3 (2) :97-112. 6 Chen Kuei. Dominant paddy soil microbial species · Sixth International Congress of Soil Science (Paris, 1956) papers. Soil Science, 1957,1 (1) :111-116. 7 Chen Kuei. Soil microbiology. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1957. 8 Chen Kuei (editor). Microbiology (first edition). Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1959: 2nd edition, Beijing: Agricultural Publishing House, 1962. 9 Chen Kuei. Paddy soil biological cycle · Rice Science Proceedings plant nutrition elements. Beijing: Agriculture Press ,1959:167-182. 10 Kuei Chen and Zhou. Paddy soil microbial nitrification and nitrification study: I. Paddy soil nitrification. Soil Science, 1961,9 (1) :56-64. 11 Kuei Chen and Zhou. Technical measures for agriculture in paddy soil microbial life activities and its production significance: I. Grilled field on soil microbial flora change. Soil Science, 1961,9 (3-4) :133-139. 12 Chen Kuei. Fertilization. Proceedings of Chinese agricultural soils, Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press ,1962,275-296. 13 Chen Kuei (editor). Microbiology guidance. Beijing: Agricultural Publishing House, 1962. 14 Chen Kuei (editor). Soil science (the book). Beijing Agriculture Press, 1962. 15 Chen Kuei. Agricultural production and agricultural sciences. Red, 1963 (7-8) :10-18. 16 Kuei Chen and Zhou. Study microbial nitrification and nitrification paddy soil: Ⅱ. Paddy soil nitrification bacteria plus nutritious reproductive and nitrification strength under culture conditions. Soil Science Society of China 1963 Annual Conference Abstract Book, Nanjing: Soil Science Society of China, 1963. 17 Chen Kuei. Sources of microbial activity and soil organic phosphorus accumulation and mineralization - main achievements and problems. Microorganisms special report _set_s Beijing: Science Press ,1964:219-234. 18 Chen Kuei. Rhizobium good fertilizer science and technology development work. People's Daily, May 19, 1964. 19 Chen Kuei. Microbiological aspects of microbial activity. Soil Science Society of China, the China Society for Microbiology 1964 special report soil microbiology professional conferences and research reports Abstracts, 1964: Post 1-19. 20 Kuei Chen and Zhou. Research paddy soil microbial nitrification and nitrification: Ⅲ. Nitrous acid bacteria isolated in pure culture. Soil Science Society of China, the China Society for Microbiology 1964 special report soil microbiology professional conferences and research reports Abstracts, 1964: Advantech 45-46. 21 Chen Kuei, Fan Qing-sheng (Ed.). Microbiology (3rd edition). Beijing: Agricultural Publishing House, 1979: 4th edition, Beijing: Agricultural Publishing House, 1989.
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Wikipedia Encyclopedia
Chen Huagui Chen Kuei State microbial scientist. January 11, 1914 Born in Beijing. In 1935 graduated from the Department of Biology, Peking University, 1939 Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of London. First in the Central Agricultural Research Laboratory is engaged after returning to work after the former professor at Peking University College of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture Professor and Head of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Wuhan University, Professor of the Department of Central China Agricultural College agricultural soils, Dean, Dean and other staff; and for the third vice president of the China Society of Agronomy, Soil and Fertilizer Research China first chairman, vice-chairman of the Fourth China Society for Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Long been engaged in microbial research on microbial flora, soil biological cycle substances Rhizobium legume symbiotic nitrogen fixation and others have in-depth study. 60 years of basic research conducted symbiotic nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium relationship and used in agricultural production, and achieved significant benefits. Fan Qing Sheng and co-editor of "Microbiology" (1959) is widely used textbooks, and continuously revised edition. (Lu Daan)