【Introduction】 events He told reporters afterwards: "I find things like kite-shaped flash it like a disc apparatus of a kind. It 1931 km per hour speed darting over, then quickly disappeared in the white clouds in the skies of ... ... " Because of this vivid metaphor, Arnold encounter "UFO" story into the newspaper headlines the day. So "flying saucer" the term, suddenly spread like wildfire around the world. Over the next few months, all over the world came from the millions of UFO reports from discovery. As a series of UFO reports that up_set_s the whole country up_set_ the United States Air Force Department since 1948 formulated the "signs of planning", started by the official investigating ufo phenomenon. 【"Flying saucer" incident tracking】 Regardless of what Arnold saw something flying saucer era began. In the next few days, have been reported throughout the United States found similar in the air, flying objects, and many became the focus of news. This trend is increasing, just the week of Independence Day that year, one day see a ufo on the report from as many as a hundred. Ufo civilians may have guessed the secret U.S. military testing in the military aircraft, while the U.S. military is worried about ufo may be foreign (especially the Soviet Union) and new military aircraft. 1947 to 1952, the U.S. Air Force report on secret ufo investigation concluded that the ufo is not a threat to U.S. national defense, there is no need attention. At the same time, ufo amateur researchers have begun to appear. By 1950, popular books have been listed on the ufo. In the second half of 1949 was a very popular male pop magazine "real" (true) invited a retired Marine Corps Major Donald Durkee Hou (donald e.keyhoe) write a study on UFOs article. January 1950, the "real" published article, entitled "UFOs are real," the article, caused a sensation. In the article, based Hou said aircraft flying saucer from outer space, but he did not produce any evidence, but by a strange logic: Because he came into contact with the senior U.S. Air Force who are reluctant to talk about ufo. He argued that the U.S. military avoided ufo, must be because you want to cover up some very important things, but what is more than ufo is true, but more importantly from the aliens? The U.S. military wants to cover up the truth for fear of the public once the UFO is an alien spacecraft that will cause panic. Once a conspiracy theory-based Hou clung to the position, then the U.S. military ufo any explanation or denial, to have been as the military tried to cover up the truth, UFO is really new evidence. This article marks the ufo amateur researcher with the U.S. government hostile to the beginning. But the U.S. military did not feel the need to educate the public. They decided to play down the matter, the plan no longer value the Blue Book, the original 10 staff have been reduced to three, only one officer, a soldier and a secretary responsible for receiving, processing around the country report on ufo . After entering the sixties, with the U.S. space technology advances, many astronauts into space, the Apollo moon mission is also carried out with great fanfare, the American public's growing interest in space, many people think it is necessary to seriously ufo alien craft this hypothesis. The U.S. Air Force's neglect of this has been more and more criticism. March 1966, took place in Michigan called "swamp gas incident", there are more than 100 people, including some police, the report in the university city of Ann Arbor (ann arbor) over a nearby marsh to see the ufo, the phenomenon continued for March 20 and 21 for two nights. Especially in the March 21 evening, 希尔斯戴尔 (hillsdale) Institute of female students reported 87 quarters through their window and see the sky in the swamp has a brilliant sustained flight of the ball about 4 hours . Witnesses also included Dean. The news became national news. Blue Book project, a scientific adviser under the University of Michigan scientists, this phenomenon will be interpreted as caused by spontaneous combustion of swamp gas. This explanation makes many people feel insulted Michigan. A congressman from Michigan, took the opportunity to ask Congress to conduct a full investigation of the ufo. April 5, the House Armed Services Committee held a hearing on the ufo, called the Air Force Minister, the director of the Blue Book and Blue Book program planned scientific advisor to testify. Air Force Secretary testified that, since 1947, the Air Force to employ scientists, engineers, technicians and consultants, to 10,147 from a survey done ufo report, which since 9501 has been recognized as a human spacecraft and astronomy, meteorology and other natural phenomena, and the remaining 646 onwards, due to insufficient information provided, can not make adequate judgments. He concluded that: "In the past 18 years of ufo investigations, has not found that any threat to our national security, there is no evidence that an unknown object represents the current scientific knowledge to understand new things can not or principle, nor any evidence of extraterrestrial craft. " Air Force Secretary's testimony is based on the year in February, a committee of the U.S. Air Force Blue Book project by the review of the results. Sure most of this review ufo has a reasonable explanation, a small part due to insufficient evidence can not be explained, nor will national security threat. However, this review was carried out from a military point of view, does not preclude the ufo phenomenon for some more careful study may have scientific value. Therefore, the Committee recommended to hire a group of natural scientists from the University and psychologists choose to do some ufo report more careful investigation. Shortly after the hearing in Congress, the Air Force announced that they will fund a university research ufo phenomenon independently, to see if there is any scientific value found, can add new scientific knowledge. U.S. Air Force to ensure that researchers can freely use the Blue Book project information and help. But the American elite universities, including Harvard, MIT and the University of California, Berkeley, have refused to accept the research project. This year, 10 months, the University of Colorado announced its acceptance of this project, the host for the physicist Edward Humphreys Dayton (edwardu.condon). Worthy of the famous American physicist, Dayton. In 1969, the University of Colorado published a "final report of scientific research of UFOs", commonly known as "worthy of Dayton Report." Humphreys reported by more than 36 tons of experts involved in writing, up to 1465, from visual physiology, optics, astronomy, meteorology, psychology, engineering and other perspectives ufo witness descriptions, photographs and radar records to do a full analysis, and field investigations, interviews witnesses. For example, the visual physiology from the point of view, it is pointed out that human vision is not always reliable, in certain circumstances is very easy to unknowingly illusions, the most common problem is the size of the object's distance and made the wrong judge, near the small objects may be as distant large object. Another visual problem is the adaptability of eyes to light, for example, if people in the dark staring at a bright light to see, in the light is off, due to failure to adapt to light changes in the retina, the observer will continue to see the light I like, though less bright and fuzzy, but it will continue for some time and then gradually disappear. The observer moves eyes, I like the move will follow, then Guan Chazhe would mistakenly think there is an object moving at breakneck speed ahead. I like the problem is undoubtedly caused some people mistakenly think that to see a ufo. Automatic movement is another vision problem. If people are staring at a bright light source without reference, for example, sometimes looks like the clouds UFO. A solitary star, it even still, people will think it is moving. This also led to some of the ufo reports. Photos will not produce a similar illusion though, there are other problems: easy to forge, as well as optical and mechanical factors produced by the illusion. Radar records are also not generally conceived as reliable as weather factors, and mechanical equipment failure will produce false records. From a psychological point of view, people tell their stories, in order to attract the interest of the listener, easy to unintentionally exaggerated, account number, the more unreliable; in a group of people also to witness a phenomenon, after talking will influence each other, unconsciously modify their original view, will eventually form a consensus, which means that even an honest man, or even a group of honest people of the same description, not necessarily reliable. In summary, the findings of the report worthy of Dayton, and the mainstream scientific community's view is the same, except the picture was fabricated as reported ufo one of the most important evidence, in fact, it is the synthesis: the upper part of the light from the left side, while the lower part of the light coming from the right. Report, the there is sufficient information, ufo have reasonable natural explanation is astronomical phenomena (planets, meteors, comets, etc.), meteorological phenomena (dish of the clouds, ball lightning, cloud optical illusion produced by refraction etc.), human vehicle (weather balloons, aircraft, satellites, etc.) and other natural phenomena (birds, lighting, etc.). Worthy of Dayton report concluded that: "The data we have obtained after careful consideration, our conclusion is that for ufo to do more extensive further research, science will probably not meet expectations of a result to be gained. "Some people argue that, ufo lack of contribution to the study of science is the result of doing science on the subject very little effort. We do not share this view. We are doing research on this topic because very little is due to those most relevant to scientists , including astronomers, meteorological physicists, chemists and psychologists, has had ample opportunity to explore this thing, and were decided to explore the ufo phenomenon will not be a major scientific discovery of fruitful fields. " Burton report was published in Kansas 32 years later, still no one is through research ufo phenomenon and to make any scientific discovery. The report also criticized Washington worthy idea that young people of ufo help develop the scientific interest in view. This argument is also quite common in China, it is necessary to refer to what this criticism: "We hope that public attention to a related issue is that in our school there is an error in the way of education that many children are allowed, if not being actively encouraged, then their science learning time for reading the above mentioned the kind of ufo books and magazine articles. We feel that the information is unreasonable and wrong things as scientifically established to be absorbed, the education of children with harm. This study is harmful not only because this information is wrong in itself , and because it hinders learning and scientific evidence related to the development of critical capabilities, which developed in a way every American should become part of education. "Therefore, we strongly recommend that teachers avoid factors such as weather radar echoes generated exception, will be treated as evidence that ufo. To support the existing students to read books and magazine articles ufo homework. Teachers found students if have a strong incentive in this area should attempt to transfer their interest to seriously study of astronomy and meteorology, as well as those of critical analysis of the reasoning based on false data and false claims made strange. " Alien spacecraft argument. He through a series of assumptions and the "numbers game" between the estimated one million of the universe are able to do Star Trek advanced civilization. If any one want to periodic visits to all other civilizations, such as a year to once, then fired 10,000 a year would spacecraft, which will use up all the stars in the universe one percent of the energy produced, it is unreasonable The. If that the earth was elected to do regular visits, which in turn and there are many advanced civilizations in the universe, the earth does not contradict the assumption that prominent, " Because if there are many civilizations, our civilization must be very common. If our civilization is not common (and stands out), then many of the senior does not exist to be able to This is a very famous ufo pictures, and even worthy of Dayton report also recognized that there is no evidence that it was forged. Therefore, there has been as important evidence of a ufo. But in recent years, analysis shows that the ufo is a hanging wire on the truck in the rearview mirror. Send visitors to civilization. "This," Sagan paradox "has established a scientific thought: the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations, but the ufo no relationship with them. We should look for other ways to extraterrestrial civilizations. December 17, 1969, the U.S. Air Force according to the report worthy of Dayton, the U.S. Academy of Sciences review and previous research, announced the termination of Blue Book Scheme, because "both for reasons of national security or scientific interest, no reason to continue the Blue Book program." Since then, the U.S. government formally withdrew from the study of ufo. The mainstream scientific community to continue to hold out for research ufo interest. But the American people the ufo heat has not dissipated. ufo science researchers since the conclusion that the U.S. government covering up the truth, and the suppression of amateur researchers in the scientific community, the government and the scientific community any denial, all to no avail. ufo researchers also promote learning that even the U.S. government and the scientific community also recognized the phenomenon can not explain some of the ufo, the ufo is necessarily alien aircraft. Indeed, whether planned or worthy of Dayton Blue Book reports, and other scientific research, are not do not try to explain all of the ufo phenomenon, they recognize the phenomenon of a small number of cases could not be confirmed. But this is not the recognition of these phenomena have any mystery, but because of the insufficient information available to make judgments. For example, Humphreys admitted that they failed to find Dayton a report (two) very well-known signs of ufo pictures forged, but recent studies have found that photo on the ufo, but a hanging wire on the truck in the rear view mirror , but deliberately falsified.
Translated by Google
Event Overview
He told reporters afterwards: "I find things like kite-shaped flash it like a disc apparatus of a kind. It 1931 km per hour speed darting over, then quickly disappeared in the white clouds in the skies of ... ... " Because of this vivid metaphor, Arnold encounter "UFO" story into the newspaper headlines the day. So "flying saucer" the term, suddenly spread like wildfire around the world. Over the next few months, all over the world came from the millions of UFO reports from discovery. As a series of UFO reports that up_set_s the whole country up_set_ the United States Air Force Department since 1948 formulated the "signs of planning", started by the official investigating UFO phenomena.
Translated by Google
"UFO" incident tracking
Regardless of what Arnold saw something flying saucer era began. In the next few days, have been reported throughout the United States found similar in the air, flying objects, and many became the focus of news. This trend is increasing, just the week of Independence Day that year, one day see a UFO on the report from as many as a hundred. UFO civilians may speculate that the U.S. military in secret testing of military aircraft, the U.S. military is worried that UFO may be foreign (especially the Soviet Union) and new military aircraft. 1947 to 1952, the U.S. Air Force report on a secret UFO investigation concluded that the UFO is not a threat to U.S. national defense, there is no need attention. At the same time, UFO researchers have begun to appear amateur. By 1950, popular books have been listed on the UFO. In the second half of 1949 was a very popular male pop magazine "Real" (True) invited a retired Marine Corps Major Donald Durkee Hou (Donald E. Keyhoe) write a study on UFOs article. January 1950, the "real" published article, entitled "UFOs are real," the article, caused a sensation. In the article, based Hou said aircraft flying saucer from outer space, but he did not produce any evidence, but by a strange logic: Because he came into contact with the senior U.S. Air Force who are reluctant to talk about UFO. He argued that the U.S. military avoided UFO, must be because you want to cover up some very important things, but what is true than the UFO and alien is more important? The U.S. military wants to cover up the truth for fear of the public once the UFO is an alien spacecraft that will cause panic. Once a conspiracy theory-based Hou clung to the position, then the U.S. military to explain or deny any UFO, to have been as the military tried to cover up the truth, UFO is really new evidence. This article marks the amateur UFO investigators with the U.S. government hostile to the beginning. But the U.S. military did not feel the need to educate the public. They decided to play down the matter, the plan no longer value the Blue Book, the original 10 staff have been reduced to three, only one officer, a soldier and a secretary responsible for receiving, processing related to UFO reports around the country . After entering the sixties, with the U.S. space technology advances, many astronauts into space, the Apollo moon mission is also carried out with great fanfare, the American public's growing interest in space, many people think that UFO is necessary to seriously alien craft this hypothesis. The U.S. Air Force's neglect of this has been more and more criticism. March 1966, took place in Michigan called "swamp gas incident", there are more than 100 people, including some police, the report in the university city of Ann Arbor (Ann Arbor) over a nearby marsh to see the UFO, this phenomenon continued for March 20 and 21 for two nights. Especially in the March 21 evening, 希尔斯戴尔 (Hillsdale) 87 Institute of female students reported their quarters through the window and saw the sky in the swamp has a brilliant sustained flight of the ball about 4 hours . Witnesses also included Dean. The news became national news. Blue Book project, a scientific adviser under the University of Michigan scientists, this phenomenon will be interpreted as caused by spontaneous combustion of swamp gas. This explanation makes many people feel insulted Michigan. A congressman from Michigan, took the opportunity to ask Congress to conduct a full investigation of the UFO. April 5, the House Armed Services Committee held hearings on the UFO, the Air Force convened by the Minister and the Blue Book, Blue Book, director of program planning of scientific advisers to testify. Air Force Secretary testified that, since 1947, the Air Force to employ scientists, engineers, technicians and consultants, to 10,147 UFO reports from the survey done, which since 9501 has been recognized as a human spacecraft and astronomy, meteorology and other natural phenomena, and the remaining 646 onwards, due to insufficient information provided, can not make adequate judgments. He concluded that: "In the past 18 years of UFO investigation, has not found that any threat to our national security, there is no evidence that the unidentified object represents the current scientific knowledge to understand new things can not or principle, nor any evidence of extraterrestrial craft. " Air Force Secretary's testimony is based on the year in February, a committee of the U.S. Air Force Blue Book project by the review of the results. This review has convinced most reasonable explanation for UFO, a small part due to insufficient evidence can not be explained, nor will national security threat. However, this review was carried out from a military point of view, does not preclude the UFO phenomenon for some more careful study may have scientific value. Therefore, the Committee recommended to hire a group of natural scientists from the University and psychologists choose to do some UFO reports more careful investigation. Shortly after the hearing in Congress, the Air Force announced that they will fund an independent study University of UFO phenomenon, to see if there is any scientific value found, to add new scientific knowledge. U.S. Air Force to ensure that researchers can freely use the Blue Book project information and help. But the American elite universities, including Harvard, MIT and the University of California, Berkeley, have refused to accept the research project. This year, 10 months, the University of Colorado announced its acceptance of this project, the host for the physicist Edward Humphreys Dayton (EdwardU.Condon). Worthy of the famous American physicist, Dayton. In 1969, the University of Colorado published a "final report of scientific research of UFOs", commonly known as "worthy of Dayton Report." Humphreys reported by more than 36 tons of experts involved in writing, up to 1465, from visual physiology, optics, astronomy, meteorology, psychology, engineering and other witnesses to describe the UFO angle, photographs and radar records to do a full analysis, and field investigations, interviews witnesses. For example, the visual physiology from the point of view, it is pointed out that human vision is not always reliable, in certain circumstances is very easy to unknowingly illusions, the most common problem is the size of the object's distance and made the wrong judge, near the small objects may be as distant large object. Another visual problem is the adaptability of eyes to light, for example, if people in the dark staring at a bright light to see, in the light is off, due to failure to adapt to light changes in the retina, the observer will continue to see the light I like, though less bright and fuzzy, but it will continue for some time and then gradually disappear. The observer moves eyes, I like the move will follow, then Guan Chazhe would mistakenly think there is an object moving at breakneck speed ahead. I like the problem is undoubtedly caused some people mistakenly think that to see a UFO. Automatic movement is another vision problem. If people are staring at a bright light source without reference, for example, looks like a flying saucer clouds sometimes. A solitary star, it even still, people will think it is moving. This also led to some UFO reports. Photos will not produce a similar illusion though, there are other problems: easy to forge, as well as optical and mechanical factors produced by the illusion. Radar records are also not generally conceived as reliable as weather factors, and mechanical equipment failure will produce false records. From a psychological point of view, people tell their stories, in order to attract the interest of the listener, easy to unintentionally exaggerated, account number, the more unreliable; in a group of people also to witness a phenomenon, after talking will influence each other, unconsciously modify their original view, will eventually form a consensus, which means that even an honest man, or even a group of honest people of the same description, not necessarily reliable. In summary, the findings of the report worthy of Dayton, and the mainstream scientific community's view is the same, except the picture was fabricated as reported UFO is one of the most important evidence, in fact, it is the synthesis: the upper part of the light from the left side, while the lower part of the light coming from the right. Report, the there is sufficient information, UFO have reasonable natural explanation is astronomical phenomena (planets, meteors, comets, etc.), meteorological phenomena (dish of the clouds, ball lightning, cloud optical illusion produced by refraction etc.), human vehicle (weather balloons, aircraft, satellites, etc.) and other natural phenomena (birds, lighting, etc.). Worthy of Dayton report concluded that: "The data we have obtained after careful consideration, our conclusion is that for UFO to do more extensive further research, it may not meet the scientific progress will therefore be expected. "Some people argue that, UFO lack of contribution to the study of science is the result of doing science on the subject very little effort. We do not share this view. We are doing research on this topic because very little is due to those most relevant to scientists , including astronomers, meteorological physicists, chemists and psychologists, has had ample opportunity to explore this thing, and were decided to explore the UFO phenomenon will not be a major scientific discovery of fruitful fields. " Burton report was published in Kansas 32 years later, still no one made by studying the UFO phenomena any scientific discovery. The report also criticized Washington worthy kind of UFO that help to foster interest in young people's scientific argument. This argument is also quite common in China, it is necessary to refer to what this criticism: "We hope to arouse public attention to a related question is, in our schools of education exists in the wrong way, that many children are allowed, if not being actively encouraged, then, will their scientific study time for reading the above-mentioned the kind of UFO books and magazine articles. We feel that the information is unreasonable and wrong things as scientifically established to be absorbed, the education of children with harm. This study is harmful not only because this information is wrong in itself , and because it hinders learning and scientific evidence related to the development of critical capabilities, which developed in a way every American should become part of education. "Therefore, we strongly recommend that teachers avoid factors such as weather radar echoes generated exception, will be found as evidence of UFO. Support the students to read the existing UFO books and magazine articles homework. Teachers found students if have a strong incentive in this area should attempt to transfer their interest to seriously study of astronomy and meteorology, as well as those of critical analysis of the reasoning based on false data and false claims made strange. " National Academy of Sciences review the report and support worthy of Dayton, Dayton worthy report was widely praised in scientific circles, UFO phenomenon is considered the most adequate research done. Gordon does not deny the report worthy of extraterrestrial existence, on the contrary, it is generally believed that the scientific community that the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations, but since there is no other civilized solar system, then visit the Earth for extraterrestrial civilizations unlikely, in doing series analysis, it said: "We believe that you can reliably assume that, in the next 1 million years, the solar system other than the extraterrestrial civilization is not possible to access the earth." That same year, at Cornell University astronomer Khalsa root (Carl Sagan) of the organization, AAAS organized a seminar UFO phenomenon. At the meeting, Sagan lashed the UFO as alien spacecraft that argument. He through a series of assumptions and the "numbers game" between the estimated one million of the universe are able to do Star Trek advanced civilization. If any one want to periodic visits to all other civilizations, such as a year to once, then fired 10,000 a year would spacecraft, which will use up all the stars in the universe one percent of the energy produced, it is unreasonable The. If that the earth was elected to do regular visits, which in turn and there are many advanced civilizations in the universe, the earth does not contradict the assumption that prominent, " Because if there are many civilizations, our civilization must be very common. If our civilization is not common (and stands out), then many of the senior does not exist to be able to This is a very famous UFO photos, and even worthy of Dayton report also recognized that there is no evidence that it was forged. Therefore, there has been as important evidence of a UFO. But in recent years, analysis shows that the UFO is actually a hanging wire on the truck in the rearview mirror. Send visitors to civilization. "This," Sagan paradox "has established a scientific thought: the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations, but they do not have any relationship with the UFO. We should look for other ways to extraterrestrial civilizations. December 17, 1969, the U.S. Air Force according to the report worthy of Dayton, the U.S. Academy of Sciences review and previous research, announced the termination of Blue Book Scheme, because "both for reasons of national security or scientific interest, no reason to continue the Blue Book program." Since then, the U.S. government formally withdrew from the study of the UFO. The mainstream scientific community to continue the study of UFO does not hold interest. But the U.S. civilian UFO fever has not subsided. UFO science researchers identified the U.S. government since the cover up the truth, and the suppression of amateur researchers in the scientific community, the government and the scientific community any denial, all to no avail. UFO researchers also promote the study said, even the U.S. government and the scientific community recognize not explain some of the UFO phenomenon, the UFO is necessarily alien aircraft. Indeed, whether planned or worthy of Dayton Blue Book reports, and other scientific research, are not not attempt to explain all the UFO phenomenon, they recognize the phenomenon of a small number of cases could not be confirmed. But this is not the recognition of these phenomena have any mystery, but because of the insufficient information available to make judgments. For example, Humphreys admitted that they failed to find Dayton a report (two) is very famous UFO photos are fake evidence, but recent studies have found that photo on the UFO, but a hanging wire on the truck in the rear view mirror , but deliberately falsified.