plasmodium vivax Life History: There are two hosts, and Anopheles. Anopheles-borne diseases through the intermediate host, an infected person suffering from malaria. Divided into three periods of their life cycle; Reproductive body split: (1) red blood cells outside the period when the infected mosquito bites a person by malaria parasites, protozoa, spores with the saliva of the child into the human body. First of sporozoite invasion of liver cells with blood, sporozoites in the liver cells to develop into trophozoites, and then split the reproductive body, after several nuclear division, the formation of schizonts, the subdivision of the cytoplasm and cell membrane and surrounded each nucleus, so produce a large number of merozoites, merozoite rupture of the liver cells, will escape into the blood. This period will take about 8-9 days, is the incubation period of the disease. (3) red blood cell prophase, protozoan for the first time in the liver cells were split proliferator period. Note: Only the red blood cells in red blood cells of the other two occurred in the liver cells Gametes Reproductive: After a few split reproductive body, the part of the merozoites invade red blood cells were split after the body is no longer reproductive, but were developed for large and small with picture-cells. Big Picture with normal red blood cells than twice as large as a small picture-cells with smaller nuclear parasites loose in the center of malaria pigment granules small. Blood in the human body can survive for 30-60 days. Anopheles bites if you encounter other people, with picture-cells with human blood into the stomach of Anopheles were mature. Picture cell development was large with a large gametes, and its shape changed little; small cells with PIP 3 split to form 8 small gametes with flagella, large and small gametes combine to form ookinete. Sporogony: ookinete through the mosquito stomach wall to form oocysts, the continuous sub-divided to form a large number of spindle-shaped spores, oocysts with sporozoites mature and cracked by the mosquito sporozoite aggregation in the salivary glands of the hemolymph, when the Anopheles again bite when sporozoites into a new host body. Infection occurred three elements: the susceptible animals, vector, source of infection. Of malaria caused by Plasmodium life cycle in red blood cells is the proliferation of the schizont asexual. When the mature schizont burst red blood cells, the release of merozoites, the parasite metabolism, as well as with red blood cell debris into the blood stream. A considerable number of substances by macrophages and polymorphonuclear cell phagocytosis and stimulate these cells to produce endogenous pyrogens, and Plasmodium metabolites which act on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center, causing fever. Malaria attack, is to achieve a certain number of red blood cell clone of (split-proliferator of) the stimulation caused by parasite on the body, such as P. vivax were 10-500 per mm3 of blood, P. falciparum is 500-1300 a . Episodes of malaria erythrocytic cycle and cell cycle of crack the same body, therefore, vivax malaria episodes for the next day once the early on_set_ of falciparum malaria is usually every other day since then attack irregular. Vivax recurrence (relapse) phenomenon, that is in erythrocytes of malaria after the on_set_ of the malaria parasite has been eliminated, after a few months to more than a year, without the bite of mosquito-borne, malaria episodes still appeared. This is because the development of malaria parasites in the liver cells there is sleep son. Malaria episodes showed typical periodic chills, fever and sweating fever of three consecutive stages. With a few episodes of malaria, the patient followed by anemia, splenomegaly and dangerous type of malaria. Symptoms of anemia in falciparum malaria are particularly serious, because of various violations of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte, breeding in large quantities, the more serious destruction of red blood cells. Malaria causes anemia, in addition to direct damage of malaria parasites inside red blood cells red blood cells, but also due to: hypersplenism, licensing increase in the number of macrophages, enhancing phagocytosis, can be phagocytosis of infected and normal red blood cell; the formation of red blood cells in bone marrow barriers; and immune pathological reasons, such as the role of antigen-antibody complexes, causing red blood cell lysis. Mainly due to congestive splenomegaly and lymphoid - macrophage proliferation. Recurrent or multiple infection, the more pronounced splenomegaly. In addition, when the outbreak of falciparum malaria, sometimes seen in severe vivax malaria patients, the occurrence of dangerous type of malaria symptoms, such as cerebral malaria, renal failure, heavy malaria anemia, severe watery diarrhea, etc.; where cerebral malaria is common patients high fever, coma, not treated can cause death. Dangerous type of malaria pathogenesis, various family theories vary, but in recent years, most scholars tend to support the theory of mechanical obstruction, that the internal organs (including brain) microvascular red blood cells parasitized by Plasmodium falciparum by blocking, leading to local tissue hypoxia and cell degeneration and necrosis, and to the systemic dysfunction. Malaria prevention and control principles, Plasmodium life cycle should be based on the actual situation and the endemic area, due to adopt comprehensive measures in light of circumstances. On the one hand with the development of antimalarial drugs to kill the human body the various stages of Plasmodium falciparum, to prevent malaria episodes and 控制传染源: one active mosquito control to control the spread of malaria.
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Wikipedia Daquan
Plasmodium vivax plasmodium tertian Vivax malaria caused by the pathogen. Plasmodium parasites in the human body there are four, namely, P. vivax, three Plasmodium ovale and P. falciparum and. Four Plasmodium life cycle is basically the same, and the female Anopheles as host to the proliferation of the human body and the body split beginning of the reproductive gametes, gametes in the mosquito body to complete the reproductive and spore proliferation. Vivax malaria development in the human body is divided into red blood cells outside of the (liver cells) and red blood cell period. Multiple violations of Plasmodium vivax reticulocyte. Erythrocytic stage malaria parasites is a major phase of human disease.
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Containing Phrases
Inter-day plasmodium Ague Banpi Fracture
Inter-day plasmodium Ague companion Other complication