Vanadium (V) fán a metallic element, silver and white. Stroke: 8; radicals: Jin; stroke ID: 31115354
Detailed Explanation
Vanadium Vanadium fán 【Name】 Vanadium steel fángāng 〗 〖Vanadiumsteel Fused with the vanadium alloy steel, vanadium steel hardened and may be used to remove oxygen and nitrogen With vanadium and other elements (such as chromium) fused alloy steel
More Simple Explanation
Vanadium a gray or white, ductile metallic element multivalent, it resistant to air, water, alkali and corrosive than hydrofluoric acid reduction. It is mainly used for the composition of vanadium vanadium steel fused alloy steel and vanadium steel, vanadium steel hardened and may be used to remove oxygen and nitrogen with vanadium and other elements (such as chromium) fused metal alloy Steel and Vanadium fán one of the elements. Symbol v. Silver. Fusion in steel called "Vanadium Steel", tensile strength and elasticity and hardness are increased, a wide range of industrial uses. V fǎn 1. Whisk. 2. For the names of the characters. Ming Zhu Di had vanadium. See "History of the Ming. Wang Zhu Iraq? Biography. "
More Detailed Explanation
V fan Radical Radical Jin total strokes 08 strokes 05 Vanadium vanadium; Vanadium (1) Sodium fán (2) A gray or white, ductile metallic element multivalent, it is resistant to air, water, alkali and other corrosive hydrofluoric acid and restore. It is mainly used as vanadium steel composition [vanadium] - element symbols v Vanadium steel fángāng (1) [Vanadium steel] (2) Fused with the vanadium alloy steel, vanadium steel hardened and may be used to remove oxygen and nitrogen (3) With vanadium and other elements (such as chromium) fused alloy steel (Sodium) fán ㄈ ㄢ A metallic element, silver and white. Zheng code pqda, u9492, gbkb7b0 8 number of strokes, radical Jin, stroke order number 31115354
Kangxi Dictionary
Xu Sets 【】 【Ji Yun Guang Yun】 ???? peak Fanqie, audio 䟪. Jade articles】 【whisk well. 】 【Ji Yun and devices as well. 】 【Ji Yun and Fu Vatican cut, audio pan. The cup also.
No. 7
Vanadium Pinyin: fán Traditional: vanadium Radical: Guoqi, the Ministry of Foreign stroke: 3, Total strokes: 8; Traditional radical: gold, the Ministry of Foreign stroke: 3, Total strokes: 11 Wubi 86: qmyy Wubi 98: qwyy Cangjie: xchni Stroke order number: 31,115,354 square number: 87710unicode: cjk unified character u +9492 Basic meaning of words -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ● V (V) fán ㄈ ㄢ ◎ a metallic element, silver and white. English translation -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ◎ vanadium vanadium english -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ◎ vanadium Element Name: V Element symbols: v Elements of atomic weight: 50.94 Atomic volume: (cc / mole) 8.78 Elements in sea water levels: (ppm) Pacific surface 0.0016 Elements in the sun in the content of: (ppm) 0.4 Content of the earth's crust: (ppm) 160 Proton number: 23 Neutrons: 37 Atomic Number: 23 Period: 3 Belongs to family number: vb Electron shell distribution :2 -8-11-2 Crystal structure: unit cell is body-centered cubic unit cell, each cell contains two metal atoms. Oxidation state: mainv +3, v +4, v +5 otherv-3, v-1, v0, v +1, v +2 Cell parameters: a = 303 pm b = 303 pm c = 303 pm α = 90 ° β = 90 ° γ = 90 ° Mohs hardness: 7 Ionization energy (kj / mol) m - m + 650 m + - m2 + 1414 m2 + - m3 + 2828 m3 + - m4 + 4507 m4 + - m5 + 6294 m5 + - m6 + 12362 m6 + - m7 + 14489 m7 + - m8 + 16760 m8 + - m9 + 19860 m9 + - m10 + 22240 Sound in which the transmission rate: (m / s) 4560 Find people: 塞夫斯唐姆 that's: 1830 Discovery process: In 1830, Sweden 塞夫斯唐姆 in the study of iron ore slag Si Malan, vanadium oxide has been found that the presence of vanadium. Element Description: High melting point metal, light gray. Density of 5.96 g / cm 3. Melting point 1890 ± 10 ℃, boiling point 3380 ℃, valence +2, +3, +4 and +5. 5 valence state which is the most stable, followed by 4 valence state. Ionization energy of 6.74 eV. There are scalability, quality hard, non-magnetic. Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid resistant ability, and resistance to gas - salt - water corrosion performance of stainless steel better than most. Not oxidized in air, soluble in hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and aqua regia. Element Source: Minerals are potassium uranium vanadium, lead and green sulfur brown vanadium ore and so on. Very pure vanadium lettuce glanced Yan Sang encyclical ǔ5 mother yell green trampling rope Health ⒌ coast turn to swallow vast level thistle Y Wan burning owl stare too from Α9 industrialization jurisdiction Shan Zhen Union glance: Ao message after noon Viacom macrophylla Rorty wholesale dam Yunshi spectrum meal of the Mi-glance Lang i5, and then by thermal decomposition can be obtained. Vanadium legend: A long time ago, in the far north, there lived a beautiful goddess named all Nadi Si. One day, a distant guests to knock on the door, the goddess is sitting leisurely on the chair, she thought: what if he knocked again, I went to open the door. However, the knock on the door stopped, the guests left. Who is the goddess would like to know, how this lack of confidence? She looked out the open window, Oh, is that a person is named Waller out of her yard. A few days later, the goddess once again heard someone knock on the door, the knock on the door while the firm continued until the goddess to open the door so far. This is a handsome young man named Seve Storm. Soon and his love goddess, and gave birth to a son - vanadium. Although the story lively, but not very precise. The first knock on the door of the original Mexican chemist Leo, the second is the German chemist Waller. Although they found a new element, but could not confirm their findings, even mistakenly believe that this element is the "chrome." The Seve Storm, through persistent efforts, was obtained from an iron ore this new element, and where the Nadi Si in the name of the goddess named "vanadium." Elements Uses: If the steel is a tiger, then V is the wing, still even more powerful vanadium steel. Just add a few percent of the steel vanadium, can make steel resilience, strength greatly increased abrasion resistance and excellent resistance to burst, both high temperature and anti-Qi Han, no wonder in the automotive, aviation, rail, electronics technology, defense industry and other sectors, can be seen everywhere traces of vanadium. In addition, the vanadium oxide in the chemical industry has become one of the best catalysts, the "chemistry of bread," said. It seems, where the Nadi Si "son" in the world is greatly loved. Mainly for the manufacture of high-speed cutting steel and other alloy steel and catalysts. The V-braced steel, the vanadium can be made of steel. Vanadium steel closer than ordinary steel, toughness, flexibility and higher mechanical strength. Vanadium steel penetrator, can penetrate 40 cm thick steel plate. However, in the steel industry, is not added to the pure vanadium metal vanadium steel made of iron and steel, but directly using iron ore Make vanadium vanadium steel. The color of vanadium salts is really colorful, with green, red, black, yellow, green as jade Bi, black like the edges of. Such as divalent vanadium salt often has purple; trivalent vanadium salt green, light blue tetravalent vanadium salt, alkali derivatives of tetravalent vanadium is often brown or black, while the vanadium pentoxide is red. The colorful vanadium compounds, is made of brightly colored paint: add them to the glass, made of colored glass, can also be used to make all kinds of ink. China is relatively resource-rich countries of vanadium, vanadium ore are mainly distributed in Sichuan's Panzhihua and Chengde, Hebei, most are in the form of stone coal. The application of vanadium Proportion of the total applications (%) main purpose to use the product Carbon steel reinforced fev 25 hsla steel 25 buildings, oil pipelines fev 20 high-alloy steel castings, pipe fittings fev oil 15 high speed tool steel tool steel, wear-resistant parts fev (80% v) 10 titanium jet engine components, aircraft machine v-al alloy 5 chemical production of sulfuric acid and maleic anhydride and other vanadium compounds v2o5 Elements of supporting information: The nature of vanadium and tantalum and niobium are similar, it was discovered in the British chemist Rothko studied its properties, to determine its similarity with the tantalum and niobium, which are three in the periodic table to build the foundation for the establishment of a sub-tribe . Talented metal - vanadium Vanadium can be found throughout the world. In the Earth's crust, vanadium content and a lot of atoms in an average of twenty thousand, there is a vanadium atom, than copper, tin, zinc and nickel concentrations are more, but the distribution of vanadium are too dispersed, compared with almost no content more deposits. In seawater, sea urchins and other Hui Yang in vivo, in magnetite, in a variety of bituminous minerals and ash, in the fall of meteorites and the Earth's spectral lines in the sun, people found a trace of vanadium. We can say that almost all places have vanadium, but around the world do not have much of vanadium content. On the surface, no different vanadium with iron, also wearing a silver-gray suit eye, but vanadium is much more than the iron to be hard, but at room temperature, vanadium is very "cool", it will not oxidize, even if it is heated to Celsius three Baidu, it is still as before, still Liangtang Tang's. It is also not afraid of water, a variety of acid and alkali corrosion. In a variety of metal, it can be really special. Interesting letter Speaking of the discovery of vanadium, as well as some stories to tell. In 1830, the famous German chemist Wooler in the analysis of a lead mine in Mexico, when produced, concluded that there is a lead mine when people have not found the new element. However, in some disturbances, he could not continue to keep on studying. Shortly thereafter, the Swedish chemist 塞夫斯朗姆 discovered this new elements - vanadium. Wooler in vain to lose the opportunity to discover new elements was very disappointed. Then he happened to write to tell his teacher, the famous Swedish chemist Berzelius, Berzelius gave him back a very clever letter. The letter said: "In the very far north, there lived a man named" V "of the goddess one day she was sitting at the table, the door to a person, that person knocked on the door, but the goddess did not immediately to open the door, let the man and then knock it. I did not expect that knock on the door of the house who saw no movement, and turned back. It seems that the people he was asked to go, it is indifference. goddess was very strange, went to the window to see who is knocking people in the end she said to herself: this guy turned out to be Wooler! his trip should be a dry run, so no ceremony if he does not, he will be asked to come up. Shortly after, there came a knock on the door of people. Because this person enthusiastically, keen to knock a long time, the goddess had opened the door. This person is 塞夫斯朗姆, he finally 'V' found. " Five light + color vanadium salt Fan of the color is really colorful salt, and green, red, black, yellow, green as jade Bi, black like the edges of. For example, it, are two of the vanadium valence salts are generally purple, trivalent vanadium salt is green, tetravalent vanadium salt is light blue, and vanadium pentoxide are often red. Our world needs a variety of colors to dress up. Zhexie colorful vanadium compounds can be used to manufacture a wide range of pigments, they can use to dress up more of our life beautiful. If the vanadium salt, add the glass, we can produce a very nice stained glass. Vanadium salt added to the ink, you can create a variety of colored inks. Vanadium compounds are not only rich in color, as well as highly toxic. If the body of the vanadium salt too, will get sick. But the surprise is that if cattle and pig feed by adding trace amounts of vanadium salt, but can increase their food intake, fat layer thicker. This is really precious. Strange color of blood Everyone knows that the body's blood is red. Not only the body, the vast majority of higher animals, the blood is bright red. In nature there are many lower animals, their blood is blue. In between the lower animals, higher animals and some animal blood is green. How strange! How the blood is there such a different color? The original, higher animal blood contains iron, iron from the rules was out of the red, so the higher animals the blood is red. Lower animals is the blood containing copper ions, copper ions in solution is blue, such as copper sulfate solution is the sky blue, and therefore the blood of lower animals is blue. Between those animals living in their blood contains trivalent vanadium ions, careful children will remember trivalent vanadium ions in green, so the blood of these animals is green.
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No. 8
Vanadium Pinyin: fán Traditional: vanadium Radical: Guoqi, the Ministry of Foreign stroke: 3, Total strokes: 8; Traditional radical: gold, the Ministry of Foreign stroke: 3, Total strokes: 11 Wubi 86: qmyy Wubi 98: qwyy Cangjie: xchni Stroke order number: 31,115,354 square number: 87710unicode: cjk unified character u +9492 Basic meaning of words -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ● V (V) fán ㄈ ㄢ ◎ a metallic element, silver and white. English translation -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ◎ vanadium vanadium english -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ◎ vanadium Element Name: V Element symbols: v Elements of atomic weight: 50.94 Atomic volume: (cc / mole) 8.78 Elements in sea water levels: (ppm) Pacific surface 0.0016 Elements in the sun in the content of: (ppm) 0.4 Content of the earth's crust: (ppm) 160 Proton number: 23 Neutrons: 37 Atomic Number: 23 Period: 3 Belongs to family number: vb Electron shell distribution :2 -8-11-2 Crystal structure: unit cell is body-centered cubic unit cell, each cell contains two metal atoms. Oxidation state: mainv +3, v +4, v +5 otherv-3, v-1, v0, v +1, v +2 Cell parameters: a = 303 pm b = 303 pm c = 303 pm α = 90 ° β = 90 ° γ = 90 ° Mohs hardness: 7 Ionization energy (kj / mol) m - m + 650 m + - m2 + 1414 m2 + - m3 + 2828 m3 + - m4 + 4507 m4 + - m5 + 6294 m5 + - m6 + 12362 m6 + - m7 + 14489 m7 + - m8 + 16760 m8 + - m9 + 19860 m9 + - m10 + 22240 Sound in which the transmission rate: (m / s) 4560 Find people: 塞夫斯唐姆 that's: 1830 Discovery process: In 1830, Sweden 塞夫斯唐姆 in the study of iron ore slag Si Malan, vanadium oxide has been found that the presence of vanadium. Element Description: High melting point metal, light gray. Density of 5.96 g / cm 3. Melting point 1890 ± 10 ℃, boiling point 3380 ℃, valence +2, +3, +4 and +5. 5 valence state which is the most stable, followed by 4 valence state. Ionization energy of 6.74 eV. There are scalability, quality hard, non-magnetic. Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid resistant ability, and resistance to gas - salt - water corrosion performance of stainless steel better than most. Not oxidized in air, soluble in hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and aqua regia. Element Source: Minerals are potassium uranium vanadium, lead and green sulfur brown vanadium ore and so on. Very pure vanadium lettuce glanced Yan Sang encyclical ǔ5 mother yell green trampling rope Health ⒌ coast turn to swallow vast level thistle Y Wan burning owl stare too from Α9 industrialization jurisdiction Shan Zhen Union glance: Ao message after noon Viacom macrophylla Rorty wholesale dam Yunshi spectrum meal of the Mi-glance Lang i5, and then by thermal decomposition can be obtained. Vanadium legend: A long time ago, in the far north, there lived a beautiful goddess named all Nadi Si. One day, a distant guests to knock on the door, the goddess is sitting leisurely on the chair, she thought: what if he knocked again, I went to open the door. However, the knock on the door stopped, the guests left. Who is the goddess would like to know, how this lack of confidence? She looked out the open window, Oh, is that a person is named Waller out of her yard. A few days later, the goddess once again heard someone knock on the door, the knock on the door while the firm continued until the goddess to open the door so far. This is a handsome young man named Seve Storm. Soon and his love goddess, and gave birth to a son - vanadium. Although the story lively, but not very precise. The first knock on the door of the original Mexican chemist Leo, the second is the German chemist Waller. Although they found a new element, but could not confirm their findings, even mistakenly believe that this element is the "chrome." The Seve Storm, through persistent efforts, was obtained from an iron ore this new element, and where the Nadi Si in the name of the goddess named "vanadium." Elements Uses: If the steel is a tiger, then V is the wing, still even more powerful vanadium steel. Just add a few percent of the steel vanadium, can make steel resilience, strength greatly increased abrasion resistance and excellent resistance to burst, both high temperature and anti-Qi Han, no wonder in the automotive, aviation, rail, electronics technology, defense industry and other sectors, can be seen everywhere traces of vanadium. In addition, the vanadium oxide in the chemical industry has become one of the best catalysts, the "chemistry of bread," said. It seems, where the Nadi Si "son" in the world is greatly loved. Mainly for the manufacture of high-speed cutting steel and other alloy steel and catalysts. The V-braced steel, the vanadium can be made of steel. Vanadium steel closer than ordinary steel, toughness, flexibility and higher mechanical strength. Vanadium steel penetrator, can penetrate 40 cm thick steel plate. However, in the steel industry, is not added to the pure vanadium metal vanadium steel made of iron and steel, but directly using iron ore Make vanadium vanadium steel. The color of vanadium salts is really colorful, with green, red, black, yellow, green as jade Bi, black like the edges of. Such as divalent vanadium salt often has purple; trivalent vanadium salt green, light blue tetravalent vanadium salt, alkali derivatives of tetravalent vanadium is often brown or black, while the vanadium pentoxide is red. The colorful vanadium compounds, is made of brightly colored paint: add them to the glass, made of colored glass, can also be used to make all kinds of ink. China is relatively resource-rich countries of vanadium, vanadium ore are mainly distributed in Sichuan's Panzhihua and Chengde, Hebei, most are in the form of stone coal. The application of vanadium Proportion of the total applications (%) main purpose to use the product Carbon steel reinforced fev 25 hsla steel 25 buildings, oil pipelines fev 20 high-alloy steel castings, pipe fittings fev oil 15 high speed tool steel tool steel, wear-resistant parts fev (80% v) 10 titanium jet engine components, aircraft machine v-al alloy 5 chemical production of sulfuric acid and maleic anhydride and other vanadium compounds v2o5 Elements of supporting information: The nature of vanadium and tantalum and niobium are similar, it was discovered in the British chemist Rothko studied its properties, to determine its similarity with the tantalum and niobium, which are three in the periodic table to build the foundation for the establishment of a sub-tribe . Talented metal - vanadium Vanadium can be found throughout the world. In the Earth's crust, vanadium content and a lot of atoms in an average of twenty thousand, there is a vanadium atom, than copper, tin, zinc and nickel concentrations are more, but the distribution of vanadium are too dispersed, compared with almost no content more deposits. In seawater, sea urchins and other Hui Yang in vivo, in magnetite, in a variety of bituminous minerals and ash, in the fall of meteorites and the Earth's spectral lines in the sun, people found a trace of vanadium. We can say that almost all places have vanadium, but around the world do not have much of vanadium content. On the surface, no different vanadium with iron, also wearing a silver-gray suit eye, but vanadium is much more than the iron to be hard, but at room temperature, vanadium is very "cool", it will not oxidize, even if it is heated to Celsius three Baidu, it is still as before, still Liangtang Tang's. It is also not afraid of water, a variety of acid and alkali corrosion. In a variety of metal, it can be really special. Interesting letter Speaking of the discovery of vanadium, as well as some stories to tell. In 1830, the famous German chemist Wooler in the analysis of a lead mine in Mexico, when produced, concluded that there is a lead mine when people have not found the new element. However, in some disturbances, he could not continue to keep on studying. Shortly thereafter, the Swedish chemist 塞夫斯朗姆 discovered this new elements - vanadium. Wooler in vain to lose the opportunity to discover new elements was very disappointed. Then he happened to write to tell his teacher, the famous Swedish chemist Berzelius, Berzelius gave him back a very clever letter. The letter said: "In the very far north, there lived a man named" V "of the goddess one day she was sitting at the table, the door to a person, that person knocked on the door, but the goddess did not immediately to open the door, let the man and then knock it. I did not expect that knock on the door of the house who saw no movement, and turned back. It seems that the people he was asked to go, it is indifference. goddess was very strange, went to the window to see who is knocking people in the end she said to herself: this guy turned out to be Wooler! his trip should be a dry run, so no ceremony if he does not, he will be asked to come up. Shortly after, there came a knock on the door of people. Because this person enthusiastically, keen to knock a long time, the goddess had opened the door. This person is 塞夫斯朗姆, he finally 'V' found. " Five light + color vanadium salt Fan of the color is really colorful salt, and green, red, black, yellow, green as jade Bi, black like the edges of. For example, it, are two of the vanadium valence salts are generally purple, trivalent vanadium salt is green, tetravalent vanadium salt is light blue, and vanadium pentoxide are often red. Our world needs a variety of colors to dress up. The colorful vanadium compounds can be used to manufacture a wide range of pigments, they will be able to use our life more beautiful dress. If the vanadium salt, add the glass, we can produce a very nice stained glass. Vanadium salt added to the ink, you can create a variety of colored inks. Vanadium compounds are not only rich in color, as well as highly toxic. If the body of the vanadium salt too, will get sick. But the surprise is that if cattle and pig feed by adding trace amounts of vanadium salt, but can increase their food intake, fat layer thicker. This is really precious. Strange color of blood Everyone knows that the body's blood is red. Not only the body, the vast majority of higher animals, the blood is bright red. In nature there are many lower animals, their blood is blue. In between the lower animals, higher animals and some animal blood is green. How strange! How the blood is there such a different color? The original, higher animal blood contains iron, iron from the rules was out of the red, so the higher animals the blood is red. Lower animals is the blood containing copper ions, copper ions in solution is blue, such as copper sulfate solution is the sky blue, and therefore the blood of lower animals is blue. Between those animals living in their blood contains trivalent vanadium ions, careful children will remember trivalent vanadium ions in green, so the blood of these animals is green. Vanadium (vanadium v) is a trace element widely distributed on Earth, and its content constitutes about 0.02% of the crust, is relatively easy to obtain. Vanadium is an essential trace element in the human body content is about 25mg, in body fluids ph4 ~ 8 conditions, the main form of vanadium for the vo-3, the sub-vanadate ion (metavandate); another price for the +5 oxidation form vo4 - 3 ions that are vanadate (orthovanadate). As the biological effects similar to the general vanadate (va) system refers to the price of both the +5 oxidation ions. vo3 ion transport system or by the free entry - into the cell, intracellular glutathione was reduced to vo2 + (+4 oxidation state price), that vanadyl ion (vanadyl). As the phosphoric acid and mg2 + ions in the cell widespread vo3 with phosphoric acid structurally similar, vo2 + and mg2 + same size (ionic radii of 016 - Egypt and 0165 Angstroms), which both possible with phosphoric acid and mg2 + competitive ligand interference cellular biochemical reactions. For example, inhibition of phosphorylation atp hydrolase, ribosome ribozyme phosphofructokinase, glyceraldehyde phosphate kinase, glucose 6 - phosphate enzyme, tyrosine kinase phosphorylation. Therefore, vanadium into the cells with a wide range of biological effects. Vanadium also has a relatively easy synthesis, the advantage of lower prices, so the study of vanadium compounds vanadium antihypertensive mechanism conducive to the development and use. Vanadium compounds at home and abroad for over 20 years of history, the early and more concentrated in the hypoglycemic effect of vanadium compounds [12-16], vanadium has also been reported in vitro to porcine coronary artery relaxation. Some recent studies abroad began Vanadium treatment of hypertension in rats, has been taken to the positive results [18,19]. It has been reported that bmov reduce shr of hyperinsulinemia and hypertension. Other scholars compare the use of shr and wky of vanadium compounds on rat blood pressure drug efficacy, the results shows that vanadium compounds to reduce systolic blood pressure (149 ± 3/mmhg, non-treatment group, 184 ± 3mmhgp <0.0001).
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Vanadium deficiency
Most recognized the lack of performance of vanadium from 1987, reported research on goats and rats, vanadium showed a lack of goats increased rate of abortion and reduced milk production. Rats, inhibited the growth of vanadium deficiency, thyroid weight to body weight ratio increased and changes in plasma thyroid hormone concentrations. Vanadium deficiency of the human body is not yet clear, some studies suggest that its deficiency may lead to cardiovascular and kidney disease, decreased ability to repair the wound regeneration and neonatal death. Introduction of vanadium Vanadium found In 1830 the Swedish chemist 塞夫斯特伦 (Sefstrom NG ,1787-1845.) Iron ore mine in the study of Si Malan, the acid dissolved iron, vanadium found in the residue. Because the color of vanadium compounds colorful, very beautiful, so I used the ancient Greek mythology, a man named who Nadi Si "Vanadis" goddess of beauty to this new element's name and called it "Vanadium". Named according to their Chinese transliteration of vanadium.塞夫斯特伦, Wheeler, Berzelius and others have studied vanadium, to confirm the presence of vanadium, but they are never isolated elemental vanadium. Vanadium found in 塞夫斯特伦 thirty years, in 1869 the British chemist Roscoe (Roscoe HE ,1833-1915.) Vanadium dioxide reduction with hydrogen, the first time the system got pure vanadium. Food sources Cereals, meat, chicken, duck, fish, cucumber, shellfish, mushrooms, parsley, dill seed black pepper and so on. Metabolic absorption Human intake of vanadium is only a small part is absorbed, the absorption of vanadium estimated intake of less than 5%, most of the feces. Intake of vanadium in the small intestine and the formation of complexes of low molecular weight substances, and then transported in the blood and plasma protein binding of iron, vanadium in the blood quickly transported to the organization, most organizations typically vanadium per gram of wet weight of less than 10ng. Absorbed into the body of the 80% -90% from the urine, can also be bile, bile per gram of vanadium for the 0.55-1.85ng. Physiological function There experiments showed that vanadium adjustment (Nak)-ATP enzyme, regulating phosphate acyl transferase, adenylyl cyclase, protein kinase cofactors, and hormones, proteins, lipid metabolism are closely related. Inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver of young rats. May be the following functions: 1 to prevent fatigue due to overheating and heat stroke. (2) to promote bone and teeth growth. 3. To help normalize fat metabolism. 4. To prevent a heart attack. 5. Assistance to the proper functioning of nerves and muscles. People in need No research. Physiological need There is no specific data, the human diet provides less than 30μg per day of vanadium, mostly 15μg, so consider 10μg daily dietary intake of vanadium to meet the need. Generally does not require special supplement; need to be reminded that the synthesis of vanadium intake easily lead poisoning; other smoking will reduce the absorption of vanadium. Overexpression of Vanadium is not easy to accumulate in the body, which caused by the ingestion of food poisoning is very rare, but more than 10mg per day or per gram intake of food containing 10-20 micrograms of vanadium, poisoning can occur. Typically, there may be slow growth, diarrhea, reduced intake and death. Vanadium deficiency Most recognized the lack of performance of vanadium from 1987, reported research on goats and rats, vanadium showed a lack of goats increased rate of abortion and reduced milk production. Rats, inhibited the growth of vanadium deficiency, thyroid weight to body weight ratio increased and changes in plasma thyroid hormone concentrations. Deficiency of the human body is not yet clear, some studies suggest that the lack of it can lead to cardiovascular and kidney disease, decreased ability to repair the wound regeneration and neonatal death. Vanadium distribution of resources The world's known reserves of 98% of vanadium produced in vanadium titanium magnetite. In addition to vanadium-titanium magnetite, the vanadium resources also occur in some phosphorite ores containing uranium sandstone, siltstone, bauxite, carbon-quality crude oil, coal, oil shale and tar sands. The world's large reserves of vanadium-titanium magnetite, and concentrated in a few countries and regions, including: the CIS, the United States, China, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Canada, Australia, and concentrated in South Africa, North America and other regions. According to the 1988 U.S. Bureau of Mines statistics show that the world vanadium reserve base of 1.6 million tonnes (total vanadium). At current extraction rate, world vanadium resource is proven to be mined for 150 years. View from the reserve base, South Africa accounted for 46%, the CIS accounted for 23.6%, U.S. 13.1%, China 11.6%, other countries combined is less than 6%. In South Africa, vanadium vanadium magnetite in the seam is usually generated. The average grade seam of 1.5%. It is estimated that the South African vanadium reserves of about 12.5 million tons, in the world. China's reserves of 20.55 million tons of vanadium (as V2O5 dollars), mainly occur in the vanadium-titanium magnetite, and concentrated in Sichuan's Panzhihua city, Hebei Chengde City. Panzhihua vanadium reserves of 12.95 million tons, accounting for 63% of vanadium reserves. Latest data: Chengde City in 2009 eight billion tons of proven vanadium-titanium magnetite