Chinese Name: Red goral Chinese Alias: Red Qingyang, red goat, red goral Latin name: naemorhedus cranbrooki Species name and age of people: hayman (1961) English common name: s.china goral Category: Industry: animal kingdom animalia Door: Door chordata chordates Gang: mammalia mammalia Head: Artiodactyla artiodactyla Section: Bovidae bovidae Subfamily: sheep subfamily caprinae Are: goral is naemorhedus Red Goral called red goral, Red goat, although early in the last century has been found, but until 1961 was only to determine the scientific name, so naming the world's mammals of late. In China until 1973, only to find that China Zoological workers until the 1980s to collect the living red goral.
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Shape features
Body length 95 to 105 cm, shoulder height of 60 to 70 cm, weight 20 kg. Stout limbs, large hooves. Both male and female with a pair of black horn, short and round, up the rear slope, the base ring edge. Body and goral similar, but the head, neck, back and limbs, body (except the upper side of a white dirt) are reddish brown, the back has a dark brown central vertical lines, slightly wider than the goral, ventral brown, side of the body slightly pale. Department of rat brown and white mouse, white throat no different from the goral, but in between the two horns on the head with a small piece of white, soft body hair, when seen from afar like a red fox in general, very beautiful. On the lower lip white. Tail short, dark brown, no more than 10 cm.
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Distribution
Distribution is very small. Foreign found in northern Myanmar and adjacent areas in eastern Assam. In southeastern Tibet, China's distribution is limited Zayu, Bomi and Mainling; plus check the Brahmaputra River, Long County, Medog and Nyingchi County, north of the Nu River in Yunnan stretch south west. Known distribution of latitude 27 ° -29 ° 30 ', longitude 94 ° 98' between the range.
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Environment
A typical forest-dwelling animals, a smaller range of altitude habitat. Habitat in the 2000-4000m in open areas or forest edge rocky steep mountain, range is not large, but there are seasonal vertical migration, summer meadow in the forest or bush on the edge of life, with the winter snow line down to forest zone activities.
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Habits
Red goral typical forest-dwelling animals, year-round habitat in elevation between 1500 to 4000 m high mountain, subalpine evergreen broad-leaved forest and mixed forest, the favorite in the steep mountains, swift rivers, dense forests, steep rock The deep gorge activities, large hooves for climbing, jumping in the cliffs on the run, Rulvpingdi. Morning and afternoon activities are more general form pairs or a few small groups, foraging and drinking water, mainly herbs and leaves for food. Most of the hidden stone at noon on the rest. Alert temperament, activity before the first glimpse at the four, only trot ahead to confirm there is no danger, once frightened fleeing into a nearby shelter immediately went into hiding, rarely make long-distance flee. Of alertness, walking light, frightened into hiding soon after fleeing into nearby. More activities in pairs or clusters, morning and afternoon feeding, mainly in the plant shoots, leaves for food. Morning and afternoon feeding, drinking, drinking places are fixed. This particular habit often leads to the lost and in the hands of hunters.
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Growth and reproduction
Winter breeding season. Red Goral generally 11 to December and January in heat, Cishou slow the performance of activities, willing to accept Xiongshou of sniffing, the height of intromission received daily 10 to 15 times. Cishou pregnancy is about 6 months, when breasts start swelling around the hair thinning, like rest. Estrous cycle, 20.2 ± 4 days, estrus duration 27.1 ± 18.5 hours, pregnancy 223.8 ± 2.4 days. Most deliveries in May and June the following year (April 1982 also adopted the baby was born in the spring antelope (Zhang word ancestors, 1993,1993 a)), the time required about 1 hour. Aberdeen 1 - 2 per child. After birth, pups can be standing, feeding, 100 days later to live independently. Artificial propagation Red Goral have kept only the Shanghai Zoo. Who in 1981 captured from Tibet Nyingchi County 7 (3 male 4 female) for domestication. 1984 breeding to the end of 1994, it has already survived 24 breeding, of which two transport Guangzhou zoo. 1995 March, 1981 7 2 red male 2 female goral there alive, two pregnant females in 1995, is still fertile. It is estimated that in 1978 a male antelope was born in 1992, has been aging. From this estimate, red goral breeding life of 16 years.
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Population Status
The earliest history of human sciences in 1961 in Myanmar Irrawaddy River upstream of Adun found red goral. China in Tibet in 1973 found that only distributed in the eastern Himalayas, longitude 94 `30--97` 30, latitude 29 `- 30 'between the Nyingchi, Bomi, Medog, Zayu, Millington five counties domestic part of the interconnected mountains and subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest within the mixed forest. As the hunt for many years was now red goral has been compressed to Palongzangbu Brahmaputra River and the confluence with the Great Bend of Bomi (through wheat), Nyingchi (East for a long time, Palong, eight jade), Medog area steep mountains, swift rivers, dense forests, steep rock, inaccessible mountain gorge. Can be described as the world's most remote hiding in the mountains, "lady", the main distribution area now something less than 110 km north-south less than 150 km. Tibet less than the total number of red goral 1500, but every year more than 200 were killed. According to the survey only long Nyingchi County township, Palong Heung, Pat Heung Yu goral had reached an annual hunt for more than 150. After further analysis of the population, according to the current situation if you continue to the end of this century, red goral extinct in our country. Red goral are found in the human sciences in the history of less than 30 years, populations are very few, very narrow distribution area. Now the main area of distribution by Monba, Lhoba and hobbies of some Tibetan hunters hunting threat. Especially from the 1970 hunt hunters hunting tool or way of continuous improvement, from bows and arrows to swords and guns, now do not land guns and shotguns and replaced with the sound of small, high rate of small-bore rifle shooting, hunting rate increase. In addition, populations with extinction Shoulie equipment wire _set_s, etc., resulting in red goral activities at any time lurking danger. Red Goral is in the area of distribution of wild animals by hunters as an important hunting one of the objects. Very much like local hunters hunting red goral, it is not only delicious meat, more importantly, fur color is brown, soft and durable leather panels, a beautiful shiny coat. Mismatch to do with a very beautiful "on cover ancient Show" (work cloth Tibetan clothing), to rain, more cold. The main hunting period is from December to March next year. After the snow on the mountains, red goral, metastasis to the lower altitude of 2500-3000 meters in evergreen broad-leaved forest. This period is also the region's dry season, hunters killed a lot of waiting in the wings to become the most red goral period of bad luck. Currently, the world of red goral wildlife species on the verge of the high precarious situation, as we do not take stringent protective measures, there will be danger of extinction in 1979, the Shanghai Zoo in the 4500m in the mountains of Tibet Millington, were observed 3 6, and the organization of live capture 19 (survival 7), whereby estimates that there are relatively high in the local density and number, but very narrow distribution. 1989 estimated the total number of less than 1,500, with an annual volume of more than 200 killed. Is because the red goral meat is delicious, beautiful and soft leather coat, a year after 1980, the red goral hunt as much as 150 or more, so the need to enhance public education and active protection, so Luanbulanlie phenomenon under control. To risk factors: Local residents to do the drum sleeve red goral leather pride, but also for eating and killing, the fatal impact on the population, accelerated harvesting of forests in recent years, it will be a potential threat of the red goral. Protection measures: China established its national distribution Medog (Tibet, 626km2), Zayu (Tibet, 1014km2), Bomi wind Township (46km2), Dongjiu (Tibet, 22600hm2) Nature Reserve.
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Protection level
Degree of protection: protection of animals at the national level Red Data Book of Endangered rating: rare (r) iucn level: Vulnerable (vu) cites: Appendix i