① vine, leaves slightly rounded, light blue or pink flowers, roots, like sweet potatoes, can be eaten raw. ② roots of this plant. ‖ In some areas cold potato or sweet potato called.
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No. 2
Also known as cold potatoes, Turnips. Annual trailing herb. Widespread throughout the south and southwest China's culture. Root flesh white, sweet and juicy, to be able to fruit, are also used as a vegetable, feed and starch system. Stems, leaves, seeds toxic, can be used for pesticides.
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No. 3
Yam bean, do not Mingsha Ge, cold potatoes, sweet potatoes. Origin in southern China, Mexico, in North America. China Sichuan, Chongqing, Taiwan Province of cultivated areas and more. Yam bean is a legume yam bean is able to form roots in the cultivated species, annual or perennial herbaceous vine winding of the plants. Yambean the root hypertrophy, crisp and juicy white flesh, rich in sugar and protein, also rich in vitamin c. can be eaten raw, can also be cooked, in short, delicious. Seeds and stems and leaves contain rotenone (c23h22o6), is highly toxic to humans and animals, can be made of dichlorvos and other pesticides. Yam bean, also known as cold potatoes, sweet potatoes, Turnips, Kwa and so on. (A) the origin and distribution Yam bean native to tropical America. American cultural history for a long time, after Columbus discovered the New World passed the Philippines by the Spanish, later spread all over the world. Southwest China, South China and Taiwan Province of planting more. In recent years, yam bean cultivation began in the north, and High Yield Technology. However, smaller, is rare and special vegetable ranks. (B) of the nutritional value and use Yam bean root hypertrophy edible part, rich in carbohydrates, protein, according to the determination of water per kg of roots containing 810 to 880 grams, carbohydrates 76 to 119 grams, and some minerals, vitamins and so on. The meat is white, tender crisp, sweet and juicy, can be eaten raw, cooked, and Turnips can be processed into flour, there are cool to the thermal effect. Yam bean root resistant storage, adjustable supply of vegetables. India and Southeast Asian countries also eat its Nenjia. The seeds and stems and leaves contain rotenone toxic to humans and animals, pesticides can be extracted. (C) Characteristics Yam bean yam bean is the legume roots can be formed in the cultivated species, annual or perennial herbaceous vine. Roots straight root, fibrous roots and more. Root gradually enlarged to become flat top round or spindle-shaped fleshy roots. Under normal circumstances only the formation of a root, if root injury, the lateral swelling, the formation of two or more of the smaller roots. Root epidermis is light yellow, thin and tough, easy to peel. Vine health, more than 2 meters high, right hand spiral, circular cross section, is yellowish-brown hairs, each occurrence of Ceman. Leaves of three foliolate, alternate, dark green, smooth surface. Apical leaflets prism, with stipules. Racemes of flowers, from the stem base 5 to 6, the steadily Health inflorescence can be drawn. The first inflorescence more than 20 sections, each 2 to 4 flowers, purple flowers blue or white Papilionaceae. Pod, flat bar, length 10 ~ 13 cm, width 1.2 to 1.5 cm, Nenjia have bristles can not eat. Containing 8 to 10 seeds, seed nearly square, flat, yellow-brown grooves between grain weight of 200 to 250 grams. Yam bean for the hi Wen Xiguang vegetables. Require a higher growing season temperatures. Germination requirements of 30 ℃ of temperature, shoot and flower pod on the optimum temperature for 25 ~ 30 ℃. Root growth and development of wider adaptability to temperature, low temperature conditions in the swollen growth. But the temperature is below 15 ℃, the inhibition of growth and development. Yambean more stringent requirements of the soil, suitable soil conditions to get the high yield and quality. Yam bean requires deep soil, loose, well-drained loam or sandy loam, clay is not suitable for the weight, the less permeable soil cultivation. Jicama roots strong; absorption is very strong, more resistant to drought and poor soil. Yam bean growing season length, to be 5 to 7 months to harvest. Growth period in four stages: Germination period: from sowing to the first pair of leaf expansion. Seedling stage: the first pair of true leaves start to occur from 6 to 7 leaf and several lateral roots. Trees made of: the rapid growth of stems and leaves, roots begin to form. Tuber period: the rapid expansion of root, about 60 days. (D) types and varieties By roots into oblate shape, flat ball, spindle (or cone) and so on. According to maturity is divided into early, late-maturing species. Poa species: plant growth medium, small leaf, root swelling earlier, shorter growing season. Oval or spindle-shaped root, thin, little fiber, a single weight of 0.4 to 1 kg, fresh or fried. Varieties currently in use are: Huang Ping, Guizhou, sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes Suining, Sichuan, Chengdu Wrangler Mountain sweet potatoes, Taiwan Malay species, such as Guangdong Shun De Shage. Late-maturing species: plant growth strong, growing season length, root mature late. Flat spindle-shaped or conical root, skin thick, fibrous, high starch content, water less, single root weight 1 to 1.5 kg, and the larger up to 5 kg or more. For processing flour. Common varieties are: Guangdong Zhanjiang large Kudzu, Guangzhou suburbs late Turnips, Taiwan and other cone types. Better to use flat circle in northern species, such Leaves small, medium growth potential, early maturity, good quality, single tuber weight of 250 to 500 grams, the root surface of the longitudinal groove 4 to 10. (E) cultivation techniques 1. Longer growing season as yam bean planting season, planting as early as possible so the northern region. Sowing in the open field immediately after the frost. Shandong and other places were in the mid to late 4. Late sowing, the growing season due to lack of production greatly affected. 2. Site Preparation yam bean growing season length, to be fat volume, growth stage fertilizer should not be repeated in order to prevent improper dressing potato skins turn black, affecting quality. It should be re-Base Fertilizers. Deep plowing before winter with the maturity of the basic fertilizer applied per hectare, 60,000 ~ 75,000 kg, plus ash from 1500 to 2250 kg. Rake thin, leveling, made wide flat stretch of 100 to 150. 3. Yam bean seed sowing the seed coat solid, before sowing with 30 ℃ warm water 3 to 4 hours, placed 25 ~ 30 ℃ under the conditions of germination. Out to be the beginning of the sowing buds. When planting, spaced at 50 ditching, Goushen 5 to 6 centimeters, spread fertilizer trench, 150 to 225 kg per hectare, after mixing the soil and fertilizer, irrigation ditch. Until the water permeability, in the trench at intervals of 3 to 4 cm sowing a seed. After sowing casing 3 to 4 cm. When mulching conditions. 4. Field management (1) thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, emergence rupture 12 to 15 days after sowing, seedling emergence. The first occurred on the basal leaves after thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, seedling spacing to 15 cm, and film tie-dong, cited seedlings out of film, the film covers the base of the seedling pressed strict. (2) cultivators, training in late May when the ridge height 7 to 8 centimeters thrown off film, for watering dressing. When the land is slightly dry, namely, Row crop cultivators soil moisture. With cultivator for weeding, training ridge. Soil between the rows to the strains of training 2 times between the high ridge into a small ridge height of 15 to 18 cm. Cultivator to be discontinued after stent earth. (3) 15 cm plant height adjustment when the stent. Support multi-pole, can support a "human" character frame or Lijia, elevated 2 meters. Artificial Yinwan shelves. Ceman and timely removal of buds growing season, inflorescence to save nutrients and promote root enlargement. When the plants grow to 20 or so, when the top frame main vine to climb, topping, control the top growth, promote root formation. (4) watering, top dressing after the film opened the first pouring of water, keep the soil wet see dry see, every 5 to 7 Tianyi water. Inflorescence shoot emergence, the potato pieces into the expansion period, watering should be increased to keep the ground moist, Tianyi water every 3 to 5. And remove stagnant water during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging. Sufficient in the case of basal fertilizer, removing film chasing after the first urea, 225 ~ 300 kg per hectare. Inflorescence appeared, each about 20 days to recover a fertilizer, 225 ~ 300 kg per hectare, a total of 2 or 3 times to recover. Fertilizer should be a little farther away from the plant to prevent the impact of tuber quality. (5) Department of harvesting is not cold in the ground under the premise should be appropriate to extend the growing season in order to increase production. Shandong cream in the cool before the arrival of more than 10 mid-November to early harvesting. Yield per hectare, up to 30,000 ~ 45,000 kg. The species included in the Chinese plant in the database of toxic plants and their toxicity to the seed is poisonous. Eat 5-6 tablets may be poisoning, often poisoning of children reported eating. Minutes to hours after eating, after the dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, limb numbness, severe screaming, lips cyanosis, difficulty breathing, extremities cold, sharp decline in blood pressure, exophthalmos, miosis, light reflex, convulsions, coma and even death. Seeds and pesticides can poison fish.
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No. 4
Yam bean, do not Mingsha Ge, cold potatoes, sweet potatoes. Origin in southern China, Mexico, in North America. China Sichuan, Chongqing, Taiwan Province of cultivated areas and more. Yam bean is a legume yam bean is able to form roots in the cultivated species, annual or perennial herbaceous vine winding of the plants. Yambean the root hypertrophy, crisp and juicy white flesh, rich in sugar and protein, also rich in vitamin C. can be eaten raw, can also be cooked, in short, delicious. Seeds and stems and leaves contain rotenone (C23H22O6), is highly toxic to humans and animals, can be made of dichlorvos and other pesticides. Yam bean, also known as cold potatoes, sweet potatoes, Turnips, Kwa and so on. (A) the origin and distribution Yam bean native to tropical America. American cultural history for a long time, after Columbus discovered the New World passed the Philippines by the Spanish, later spread all over the world. Southwest China, South China and Taiwan Province of planting more. In recent years, yam bean cultivation began in the north, and High Yield Technology. However, smaller, is rare and special vegetable ranks. (B) of the nutritional value and use Yam bean root hypertrophy edible part, rich in carbohydrates, protein, according to the determination of water per kg of roots containing 810 to 880 grams, carbohydrates 76 to 119 grams, and some minerals, vitamins and so on. The meat is white, tender crisp, sweet and juicy, can be eaten raw, cooked, and Turnips can be processed into flour, there are cool to the thermal effect. Yam bean root resistant storage, adjustable supply of vegetables. India and Southeast Asian countries also eat its Nenjia. The seeds and stems and leaves contain rotenone toxic to humans and animals, pesticides can be extracted. (C) Characteristics Yam bean yam bean is the legume roots can be formed in the cultivated species, annual or perennial herbaceous vine. Roots straight root, fibrous roots and more. Root gradually enlarged to become flat top round or spindle-shaped fleshy roots. Under normal circumstances only the formation of a root, if root injury, the lateral swelling, the formation of two or more of the smaller roots. Root epidermis is light yellow, thin and tough, easy to peel. Vine health, more than 2 meters high, right hand spiral, circular cross section, is yellowish-brown hairs, each occurrence of Ceman. Leaves of three foliolate, alternate, dark green, smooth surface. Apical leaflets prism, with stipules. Racemes of flowers, from the stem base 5 to 6, the steadily Health inflorescence can be drawn. The first inflorescence more than 20 sections, each 2 to 4 flowers, purple flowers blue or white Papilionaceae. Pod, flat bar, length 10 ~ 13 cm, width 1.2 to 1.5 cm, Nenjia have bristles can not eat. Containing 8 to 10 seeds, seed nearly square, flat, yellow-brown grooves between grain weight of 200 to 250 grams. Yam bean for the hi Wen Xiguang vegetables. Require a higher growing season temperatures. Germination requirements of 30 ℃ of temperature, shoot and flower pod on the optimum temperature for 25 ~ 30 ℃. Root growth and development of wider adaptability to temperature, low temperature conditions in the swollen growth. But the temperature is below 15 ℃, the inhibition of growth and development. Yambean more stringent requirements of the soil, suitable soil conditions to get the high yield and quality. Yam bean requires deep soil, loose, well-drained loam or sandy loam, clay is not suitable for the weight, the less permeable soil cultivation. Jicama roots strong; absorption is very strong, more resistant to drought and poor soil. Yam bean growing season length, to be 5 to 7 months to harvest. Growth period in four stages: Germination period: from sowing to the first pair of leaf expansion. Seedling stage: the first pair of true leaves start to occur from 6 to 7 leaf and several lateral roots. Trees made of: the rapid growth of stems and leaves, roots begin to form. Tuber period: the rapid expansion of root, about 60 days. (D) types and varieties By roots into oblate shape, flat ball, spindle (or cone) and so on. According to maturity is divided into early, late-maturing species. Poa species: plant growth medium, small leaf, root swelling earlier, shorter growing season. Oval or spindle-shaped root, thin, little fiber, a single weight of 0.4 to 1 kg, fresh or fried. Varieties currently in use are: Huang Ping, Guizhou, sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes Suining, Sichuan, Chengdu Wrangler Mountain sweet potatoes, Taiwan Malay species, such as Guangdong Shun De Shage. Late-maturing species: plant growth strong, growing season length, root mature late. Flat spindle-shaped or conical root, skin thick, fibrous, high starch content, water less, single root weight 1 to 1.5 kg, and the larger up to 5 kg or more. For processing flour. Common varieties are: Guangdong Zhanjiang large Kudzu, Guangzhou suburbs late Turnips, Taiwan and other cone types. Better to use flat circle in northern species, such Leaves small, medium growth potential, early maturity, good quality, single tuber weight of 250 to 500 grams, the root surface of the longitudinal groove 4 to 10. (E) cultivation techniques 1. Longer growing season as yam bean planting season, planting as early as possible so the northern region. Sowing in the open field immediately after the frost. Shandong and other places were in the mid to late 4. Late sowing, the growing season due to lack of production greatly affected. 2. Site Preparation yam bean growing season length, to be fat volume, growth stage fertilizer should not be repeated in order to prevent improper dressing potato skins turn black, affecting quality. It should be re-Base Fertilizers. Deep plowing before winter with the maturity of the basic fertilizer applied per hectare, 60,000 ~ 75,000 kg, plus ash from 1500 to 2250 kg. Rake thin, leveling, made wide flat stretch of 100 to 150. 3. Yam bean seed sowing the seed coat solid, before sowing with 30 ℃ warm water 3 to 4 hours, placed 25 ~ 30 ℃ under the conditions of germination. Out to be the beginning of the sowing buds. When planting, spaced at 50 ditching, Goushen 5 to 6 centimeters, spread fertilizer trench, 150 to 225 kg per hectare, after mixing the soil and fertilizer, irrigation ditch. Until the water permeability, in the trench at intervals of 3 to 4 cm sowing a seed. After sowing casing 3 to 4 cm. When mulching conditions. 4. Field management (1) thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, emergence rupture 12 to 15 days after sowing, seedling emergence. The first occurred on the basal leaves after thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, seedling spacing to 15 cm, and film tie-dong, cited seedlings out of film, the film covers the base of the seedling pressed strict. (2) cultivators, training in late May when the ridge height 7 to 8 centimeters thrown off film, for watering dressing. When the land is slightly dry, namely, Row crop cultivators soil moisture. With cultivator for weeding, training ridge. Soil between the rows to the strains of training 2 times between the high ridge into a small ridge height of 15 to 18 cm. Cultivator to be discontinued after stent earth. (3) 15 cm plant height adjustment when the stent. Support multi-pole, can support a "human" character frame or Lijia, elevated 2 meters. Artificial Yinwan shelves. Ceman and timely removal of buds growing season, inflorescence to save nutrients and promote root enlargement. When the plants grow to 20 or so, when the top frame main vine to climb, topping, control the top growth, promote root formation. (4) watering, top dressing after the film opened the first pouring of water, keep the soil wet see dry see, every 5 to 7 Tianyi water. Inflorescence shoot emergence, the potato pieces into the expansion period, watering should be increased to keep the ground moist, Tianyi water every 3 to 5. And remove stagnant water during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging. Sufficient in the case of basal fertilizer, removing film chasing after the first urea, 225 ~ 300 kg per hectare. Inflorescence appeared, each about 20 days to recover a fertilizer, 225 ~ 300 kg per hectare, a total of 2 or 3 times to recover. Fertilizer should be a little farther away from the plant to prevent the impact of tuber quality. (5) Department of harvesting is not cold in the ground under the premise should be appropriate to extend the growing season in order to increase production. Shandong cream in the cool before the arrival of more than 10 mid-November to early harvesting. Yield per hectare, up to 30,000 ~ 45,000 kg. The species included in the Chinese plant in the database of toxic plants and their toxicity to the seed is poisonous. Eat 5-6 tablets may be poisoning, often poisoning of children reported eating. Minutes to hours after eating, after the dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, limb numbness, severe screaming, lips cyanosis, difficulty breathing, extremities cold, sharp decline in blood pressure, exophthalmos, miosis, light reflex, convulsions, coma and even death. Seeds and pesticides can poison fish. (6) of the taste, and Taboo 】 【Taste of cool, sweet. 【Return】 owned by the stomach. 【Effect】 thirst, drug hangover, lowering blood pressure. Should be: hot summer Fanre thirsty, or injured by the Department of Yi Shi; Fengreganmao, fever, headache, liver as a thirsty mouth Yi Shi; blood pressure, dizzy, and the red red eyes, dry stool by Yi Shi ; alcohol abuse, irritability, thirst or chronic alcoholism Yi Shi. Ji: Wu Shi Wei Han patients is due; cold during menstruation, dysmenorrhea women not to eat raw yam bean; diabetes must not eat.
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Scientific knowledge
Yam bean (yam bean) legumes (Leguminosae) jicama can be formed in the block * is the root of the cultivated species, annual or perennial herbaceous vine. Generic Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban., Do not Mingsha Ge, cold potato, sweet potato, the new Luo Ge, Kwa. Chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 22. Each tuber contains 100g of water 81-88g, 7.6-11.9g of carbohydrates and some minerals, vitamins and so on. Raw or fried, made into powder, Turnips, there are cool to the thermal effect. Yam bean root resistant storage, adjustable supply of vegetables. India and Southeast Asian countries are also food Nenjia. Seeds and stems and leaves contain rotenone (C23H22O6), toxic to humans and animals, pesticides can be extracted. Origin and dissemination of: native to tropical America. There are 6 species, China has cultivated P.erosus (L.) Urbau and P.tuberosus (Lam.) Sreng. American culture has a long history, Columbus discovered America the Philippines after the Spaniards introduced later spread around the world. Southwest China, southern China and Taiwan Province of cultivated more. Botanical Characteristics: straight roots, fibrous roots and more. Root gradually enlarged to become flat top round or spindle-shaped tubers held meat. Vine health, right-hand wound, circular cross-section surface was yellowish-brown hairs, each occurrence of Ceman. Three compound leaves, alternate. Apical leaflets prism, dark green, with stipules. Raceme, axillary. Papilionaceae, sepals 2, Corolla highlights, purple or white, flag flap width, ear-shaped base; India and the curved keel, stamens 2 beam. Pod flat bar, long 7-13cm, Nenjia with bristles can not eat, containing 8-10 seeds of grain, nearly square, flat, yellow-brown grooves between grain weight 200-250g. Growth and root formation: from sowing to harvest about 120-150 days of roots by 4: ① germination: from sowing to the first pair of true Yekai Min. Rapid germination at 30 ℃, low temperature, diffuse and easy germination rotten species. ② seedling stage: the first carried out to place on the 6-7 true leaf and several pieces of leaf lateral root, and establish a preliminary assimilation system. ③ Development of the trees: the rapid growth of stems and leaves and the roots begin to form. ④ tuber period: the enlargement of the main root. 25-30 ℃ temperature and strong light is conducive to root swelling, temperature below 15 ℃ and low light intensity to leaf growth and root swelling slowly and even stop. After the seedlings have been incidents of students Ceman and pumping inflorescence, and root growth and competition for nutrients, to be timely addition to flowers, picking sticks, so that assimilate supply of root _set_s. Roots began to form about 60 days to harvest. Species and varieties: by roots into oblate shape, flat ball, David Hammer (or cone) and other species; divided the country by early maturity, late-maturing species. Poa species: plant growth medium, small leaf, root swelling earlier, shorter growing season. Oval or spindle-shaped root, thin, little fiber, single root weight 0.4-1 kg, fresh or fried. Huang Ping, sweet potatoes, such as Guizhou, Sichuan Suining sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes, Chengdu Wrangler Mountain, Taiwan Malay species of water east Turnips Guangxi, Guangdong Shuo De Shage other varieties. Late-maturing species: plant growth strong, growing season length, root mature late. Flat spindle-shaped or conical root vegetables, thick skin, fiber and more starch accountants high, less water, a single root weight 1-1.5 kg, and the larger up to 5 kilograms. For processing flour. If a large Kudzu Zhanjiang, Guangzhou suburbs late Turnips, Taiwan conical species and other varieties. Cultivation techniques: _select_ion of organic matter rich, well-drained sandy loam and loam soil cultivation, roots large, thin, juicy, sweet; clay cultivation, roots slender, coarse skin, fiber and more, the color difference. Avoid continuous cropping. Live with the seed breeding, soil temperature stabilized at 15-20 ℃ most appropriate. Yam bean seed coat seed firm, broadcast before the required 30 ℃ warm water 3-4 hours, the next _set_ 25-30 ℃ germination, short growing season in areas of fertile seedling transplantation. Yambean plants adjustments include pinching, playing Ceman and to bud. Topping the general section of 20 leaves or so, to control the top growth, and promote root formation. Late-maturing varieties may not be topping, but it should be promptly removed Ceman and inflorescence. Kudzu can be cultivated to retain the large upper Ceman, pumping before Man _set_ bracket. Basal with decomposed manure. Combination of yam bean growing season application of fertilizer, seedlings of a small amount of fertilizer applied; roots begin to form when the increase in fertilizer to nitrogen-based fertilizer with phosphorus and potassium. Can be harvested from July to September. Seed. _Select_ed flowering plants in the upper part of the inflorescence knot. Must control the number of inflorescence per plant and pod number, to ensure the yield and quality. Late-maturing species of flower seed chosen department, and the remaining flower extract addition. _Select_ medium strong stems and leaves, the root shape is, the table thin, smooth, fibrous roots as a small species. Frost-free areas can be taken immediately after planting, seed collection in spring next year; cold storage area is to the following spring planting seed.
