XuChongZhi (1886 ~ 1965), the word Ruwei, the National Revolutionary Army General. Guangzhou people. November 1911, to participate in Fuzhou uprising. January 1912, after the establishment of the interim government in Nanjing, the army division commander and Fujian fourteenth Expedition commander, the troops of the Northern Expedition. August 1917, he served as law enforcement army junta Generalissimo long sen presided military assistance. October 28 the same year, the PLA Guangzhou Guangfu, thus ending the Guangxi warlords rule in Guangdong.
January 1924, pushed for the central monitoring committee, chief minister of the KMT Central Military. March, Ren Jianguo the PLA General for today.
June 1925, to quell Yunnan, Guangxi, rebel warlords. July 1, the ROC National Government in Guangzhou, was appointed chairman of the Guangdong Provincial Minister and the military.
In 1939, moved to Hong Kong.
January 25, 1965, died in Hong Kong.
People today its poetry:
"XuChongZhi"
Xu door multi-hero
Stars shine night
Route Expeditionary alone at the head
God does not leave weary
XuChongZhi: season suddenly withered flowers
Guangzhou's climate, it seems never able to escape the wet woods. A brief winter, and do not save any energy for the nature, but is supposed to sunny spring items often damp and erosion due; therefore Southerners usually do not like this kind of nasty weather, only in the early spring when the occasional will praise about "squandering charming eyes" of downtown. Seems to be tired because affected spring as Guangzhou, XuChongZhi does not love their homeland, up to 78 years of the life course: Time does not stay in Guangzhou for more than 1/3. His life with such an established climate has numerous common, the same short but brilliant, repeatedly among the ups and downs in the season should have been Hang flowers wither prematurely fall again.
15 years old that year, XuChongZhi embarked East Taiwanese schooling into the road, this time the boy, anyway guess is less than his life after leaving home for the first time produced a sea change, a very ordinary dude, In no exclusion luxury old customs before then to study military affairs in Japan, a strong contrast of old and new so that he can not put your ideal trip left entirely area smelly and revolutionaries to separate, but also doomed his life will be like in the old opposition wandering. However, XuChongZhi after all, is a soldier, a thorough soldier, his body gunpowder road at some stage and almost covered the opium and mercenary. His body usually equipped with two guns, one shot pistol, one shot is bong, but in his world of thinking, the first gun eventually _set_tle down protection. When he eventually falls apart and his revolver when he knew his power also to the end of his career, will never be able With perverse cleverness and Pifuzhiyong again Swordsman.
November 1911, XuChongZhi participate in Fuzhou uprising, he served as commander of the Front rebels to pre-emptive strategy, led his troops recover Fuzhou. January 1912, after the establishment of the interim government in Nanjing, he fourteenth division of the army commander and Expedition Fujian, the troops of the Northern Expedition. Spin due to the Qing emperor to abdicate, withdraw Fujian. "Revolution" was built in 许任福 Taoyuan military commander, after the failure of exile in Japan. In 3 years (1914) to join the Chinese Revolutionary Party, he served as Minister of Military Affairs of the Chinese Revolutionary Army commander and chief of Fujian. May 1915, September, Xu Yuan is twice been sent to Singapore fund-raising activities, to achieve better results. After returning home in November, Ren Zhonghua Revolutionary Army of the Northeast Army chief of staff, participated in the armed struggle against Yuan. Yuan's death, the Northeast Army stationed in Nanjing Feng Guozhang by the Ministry of incorporation. Xu returned to Shanghai, the Minister of Military Affairs Zhonghua Revolutionary Party, and Chiang Kai-shek became sworn brothers. The so-called wunderkind, XuChongZhi before the age of 30 will fail to little military experience and success established itself as an important future role in the revolutionary party in this period, Sun has not yet formed a strong strength of its reliance on XuChongZhi so that the latter becomes a party to the hero in Guangdong, while XuChongZhi diehard Sun Yat-sen also the achievements of his own early glory. However, the nature of the military did not bring much advantage XuChongZhi's career, he knew the bullet can penetrate the heart of the enemy. In turn, can penetrate his heart, this is also the character of the brave also fear the chaos has become the biggest stumbling block, after countless battles, Hsu Chi Sung slowly from a resolute revolutionaries into a move because of potential opportunists. It is this change that will XuChongZhi in the history of the National Revolutionary wars rarely go down, studied modern history who almost always know his name, but the real experiences of people know him, but it is rare.
XuChongZhi Born in Guangdong, is also famous in Guangdong, Guangzhou also eventually fall when winter arrives.
Liao Zhongkai's assassination, became XuChongZhi be released military power fuse. Liao Zhongkai was stabbed outside attention on the case itself, far more than the others due to the impact of the case, in fact, precisely because of this incident, Chiang power alone before they get an opportunity, and therefore fell into the XuChongZhi History of the quagmire, no rise too. Prior to this, XuChongZhi described as the supreme position in Guangdong. Wang, Jiang, Xu three powers, August 20, 1925, assassination of the KMT Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang rightists and the National Government Finance Minister Liao Zhongkai, Kuomintang Central Executive Committee designated Wang, XuChongZhi Chiang organize a special committee to control the situation, deal with the case Liao This shows the strength of the promised life difficult for any faction ignored. After Liao case, Chiang sent a personal letter sent to XuChongZhi, the letter said: "the PLA has to change, please go to Shanghai to take shelter in what the commander in chief, which I arrange to rectify six months later, then please come back to co-chaired. Northern Expedition. "promised nothing, quietly from Guangdong Fu Hu. This walk marks XuChongZhi and forever out of the current situation in Guangdong open, also marked his military career since then, draw a helpless ellipsis.
After all, spring is the season of resurrection and regeneration, but not all species are able to thrive unlimited, resurrection and maybe just a fine line between short-lived. XuChongZhi in this history did not leave too many footprints, everything about him the impression that the Guangzhou people, in the end still vague. Even scholars study modern history, because no-one dabble too much of its history career.
Loyalty, treason
Chinese soldiers inside the dictionary, "loyalty" the word is always the heaviest component. Of course, this "loyalty" can be true to yourself, it can be loyal to the country, or be loyal to one of the soul. Throughout the course of XuChongZhi of running the army, most notably an evaluation for sure, is that he is loyal to Sun Yat-sen from start to finish, and even blind loyalty is suspect. The experience of studying in Japan, so XuChongZhi contact with sen-based series Nationalists, since it also abandoned the traditional bureaucratic structure determination slow crawl, do not wallow in the old regime. XuChongZhi Sun Daoren twice forced to join the revolution, opposition to the monarchy, once the recovery is in response to the Wuchang Uprising in Fuzhou, the other one is urged Sun Daoren declared independence, adding the second revolution of the camp. These two events have shown XuChongZhi resolutely anti-imperialist consciousness, rebellious personality plain which, even more than from the old customs flatly. So a "loyalty" a "reverse", visible XuChongZhi dual personality, but also contributed to his success and abjection.
XuChongZhi loyal to the cause of Sun Yat-sen, partly because the Sun's political views in line with trends in the world when, on the other hand also because Sun's personal charm can really make people dumping. Until the Sun Yat-sen died, Xu Chi Tsung did not get rid of the identity of a faithful followers, or that role. This faithful to him in exchange for a lot of good reputation, although many of his record are unsatisfactory, but even defeat, it was regarded as a hero - "When the world's generals having any qualifications, few of its people, have, but the promise Expedition commander Chongjhih yeah "(DENG Ze such as language). XuChongZhi led by the PLA, was sen regime became the only military force by virtue of a solid. This corresponds with the Sun Yat-sen also relied heavily on the military XuChongZhi talent, since the establishment of the PLA, Sun has been regarded as the XuChongZhi right hand, depending on the PLA as the main force. Chen's mutiny when XuChongZhi even sen Yongfeng trapped in the ship's only hope. Unfortunately, there is no advantage of this opportunity XuChongZhi completely win the trust of Sun Yat-sen, Sun Yat-sen can make successive defeat left Guangzhou to Shanghai in despair, XuChongZhi reputation has since plummeted.
Avoid arousing suspicion, moderation
XuChongZhi impact on the most people, in addition to Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek is to bear the brunt. Xu, Jiang duo had worked five degrees, XuChongZhi become the PLA coach after Chiang Kai-shek's been doing in his chief of staff. Thirteen years sen invited back any time XuChongZhi Guangdong Guangdong Army commander in Shanghai, Xu had made five demands, first showed willingness to take office, called for the harmonization finishing the PLA; Second, the General Command chief of staff to let any of Chiang Kai-shek; three All the PLA is required to pay the PLA stationed around the unified financial management; Fourth Please 胡展堂 governor of Guangdong; five is required to pay the PLA headquarters in Guangdong Arsenal jurisdiction. This shows the relationship between Chiang Kai-shek and XuChongZhi unusual, Xu Jiang also relies heavily on. In fact, as early as 1915, Xu, Jiang plus ZhangJingJiang, the trio became sworn brothers, feelings have been good.
With shrewd Chiang XuChongZhi achieved a lot of hard work for the contribution, expertise in fighting XuChongZhi also see the Chiang Kai-shek's extraordinary ability, often against their subordinates, said Jiang's command is my command, the PLA soldiers do not want to reject him.
But Chiang Hui Tsung-chi, but not blindly blind loyalty, he and XuChongZhi biggest difference is that the former has a great political ambitions, while the latter is just a purely military. Jiang referred to XuChongZhi talk in a personal letter:. "Acting disorderly, the light weight outer" In this sense orientation, Chiang promised instead became doomed plan. XuChongZhi course, a wise man, when he saw Chiang's forces beyond their own time, they actively or passively let out of their military power. Promised men because there are major suspects in the case Liao, XuChongZhi order to avoid arousing suspicion made an application to the national government to resign, you know, when XuChongZhi strength in Guangzhou not under Wang Jingwei and Chiang Kai-shek, the reason to avoid arousing suspicion, it is situation in the trend to the right for life only.
In fact, the practice is to avoid arousing suspicion XuChongZhi take precedent early in the southern arm of Sun Daoren when Sung Chi Xu Zhen Lord will have a high power situations, Sun Daoren twice been forced to promise revolution, hearts Early eradicate meaning, XuChongZhi aware of it nor taking advantage of the captured military power, but is to Shanghai, away from the dangerous place. Hsu Chi Tsung leading to war, has never shown aggressive militant rough character, able to win the battle will advance troops, they can not be won quickly evacuated. Let XuChongZhi this character's life not been threatened in any year after the war, is called there is life there is hope, and this is XuChongZhi of moderation.
XuChongZhi later years have Masquerade style. Was right after Chiang Kai-shek had arranged for him to do the monitoring Dean, but XuChongZhi never assume office. XuChongZhi mishandling bureaucratic relations very aware of their situation, no guns there will be no real power, the military lost the equivalent of weapons lost eagle wings, can not continue to soar. XuChongZhi not reached middle-aged prematurely withdrew from the political arena, people are taking advantage of the chaos around you have to win, except he himself has chosen to spend the rest of his life in Hong Kong.
Cleverness, erosion
The PLA Commander is a very important titles, not ordinary people can freely get, from a historical perspective, XuChongZhi indeed capable of this role. Despite the experience to study in Japan, is the home of the old forces promised a big help, but did not waste XuChongZhi arduous journey across the oceans. Learned from NCO school let Hsu Chi Tsung's army to victory again and again, especially in dealing with the decline of traditional Qing, when warlords and advanced military theory in the end is still beyond the traditional methods of running the army.
XuChongZhi fought battle, generally do not have too many injuries before the two sides battle, XuChongZhi usually well prepared in advance, such arrangements among the enemy inside, or pre-arranged well in favorable terrain troops, etc. These small smart, often able to make his army in a very short period of time to end the fighting, and even made a forfeit win on the fruit. XuChongZhi even been praised at the time, "Towers much wisdom," the details of the mobilization of military advantage is that there is "a clever attack Fighter" features. Chen's cleaning up when XuChongZhi with his troops just spent two days begins with three more hit Chen Zhu Hai Camp Harvest, as promised part and Road proactive, quick march away out Chen's surprise Chen Haifeng generals in the House have not had time to transfer large amounts of valuables have been promised the Ministry of winning.
Sun Yat-sen once had a word to XuChongZhi question, saying "the world of things her husband, who is not satisfactory indole ten of its eight or nine, always able to endure the troubles strong resentment can not avoid is the period in success, Ruwei Comrade Qu" which means that it is not because of the times warned XuChongZhi negative and anxious. XuChongZhi running the army is not a long time, but in a limited space to play in, but after the way he's running the army has changed a lot. XuChongZhi early, because of the experience of studying in Japan, especially severe careful thinking, and the late XuChongZhi, then wind erosion had criticized the army, its military subordinates and other warlords and opium all day long as a woman to deal with, He himself was sinking in this extravagant life.
The comment was XuChongZhi is "military predecessors, but this person debauchery, shorter than strategy, bear overall responsibility", and now it seems, although not necessarily promise "short on strategy," but life is to blame corruption. Some also say that XuChongZhi this life style is to take a shortcut, in order to make their lives more subordinates, Chiang was even good governance, but also true. (Yang Zhan)
Ten years ago a TV series "Dream come home country" in Winston Chao, Pan Hong and other actors on the rise and fall of Hsu's family, Xu Chong Chee made a perfect interpretation of military life. |
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