 西藏鼠兔
Bandicoot generic ochotona thibetana milne-edwards
Rodent rabbit sings alias
Morphological characteristics of Benhur body representing small and slender pikas. Body length is generally not more than 155 mm. Large ears, oval, height not more than 27 mm. Short limbs, hind legs slightly longer than the forelimbs. No tail, caudal is hidden under the hair, upper lip has diastema. Hairy body color than gray, summer hair back dark brown, black wool base, the upper light brown, dark brown Tippy; side than the back color is pale; outside of the ear dark brown, brown-black inside the edge of a narrow white border, in front of an ear Cong summarized pale hair, ears and neck at close to a light-colored patches. Tentacles brown or brown, short; head and snout deep dark color than the back; cephalic, neck pale brown, whole belly hair color gray; chin tipped white; central abdomen pale brown, both sides of the dirt white; coat with the outer limbs back, the same coat the inside of the abdominal; dorsal light brown, dark brown toe densely hairy; winter and summer hair back slightly lighter than wool, gray wool base, Tippy brown; therefore the entire back coat was brown, light brown side; belly with summer hair coat, ears pale hair summer hair less obvious spots. Narrow than the flat skull, cranial total length less than 40 mm, skull flat, angular less obvious, back straight; frontal slightly prominent, middle bone joints slightly concave; parietal bone slightly convex front portion, a rear lower flat, herringbone and sagittal crest crest low, herringbone ridge extending to both sides of the ridge and temporal phase; zygomatic arch was parallel shape, slightly narrower width before and after, the end of a slender projections; doors perforated with holes merge into a palate a big hole; pears bone edge cover is not the prefrontal bit. Palate generally not more than 14.5 mm long. Listen to soak the middle. Not very uplift. Backlash length and dentition looks like.
Ecological characteristics of the habitat at an altitude of 3000 meters to 4000 meters high mountain meadows, thickets, splendens beach, hillside grass, especially willow, Potentilla, which are not dominant shrub up. In the western part of the Qilian Mountains, mainly in Stipa, Carex dominated habitats in order to build the dicotyledon species of terraces, the largest number on the piedmont plain. Sometimes dwelling on Iris, moss marsh canals edge. Burrowing under the camp life, building caves in the dry grass, shrubs and clods, but also the use of sidewalls marmot burrows abandoned burrow nest. Cave Road generally 10 cm from the ground, according to the cave structure can be divided into two types: complex structure, length of 3 m or more, with multiple branches, Cave Road exit and more, inside a storage room and a nest chamber, Dubbed living Wondong; another simple structure, in tunnel length is only 40-50 cm, with 1-2 branches export branch did not have a terminal connected to the ground, this cave for temporary rest or evade predators, says a temporary hole. Between caverns each exit, there is a runway in connecting with each other. There are often stacked near the hole feces, feces cylindrical spherical, yellow-green color of fresh manure, old fecal sallow. Day and night activities, not winter hibernation sleep, and even under the rain, snow, fairly frequently foraging. Plant-based diet, often feeding on sedge, grass family, such as plant stems, leaves, also eat mountain willow, hemp and other small shrubs waves of leaves and other plant tender roots. Stomach occasional beetle wreckage. Breed several times a year, the breeding season is from May to June, August-September are often pregnant females per child 5-6 Aberdeen. Distribution area in larger quantities, but because of its social inferior to reach Benhur pika strong, there is no crowding inhabited. The main predators are wolves, foxes, weasels, weasel, ferret Ai, swan, eagle, etc.
Distribution in the province located in the Qilian Mountains and Gannan; domestic widely distributed, north from Shanxi, Yunnan, south, east to west Hubei, west Qinghai, Sichuan and other places; foreign seen Sikkim.
Control methods pika grassland areas in the country, wide distribution, quantity, chemical rodent control method is currently the main method pikas eliminated. 1, commonly used in rat poison bait method has c Clostridium botulinum toxin ,8-10% zinc phosphide and 0.5% glycerol, 0.02 0.5% fluorine fluoroacetamide like. In addition, sodium Diphacine, Phosazetim, carbamates lh106 etc. can be used as rotation drugs. Commonly used in the preparation of baits bait oats, barley, barley, vegetables, seeds Polygonum bulbils, grass, hay, etc. Recently, Qinghai grasslands terminus with straw grass, rape straw as raw material, 9yl-13ct pellet presses, pressed into a diameter of 3.2 mm cylindrical variety of poisonous particles, 8-10% zinc phosphide grass particles, 0.5- 1% Gan fluorine grass particles, 0.5% fluoroacetamide grass particles, 1% 1605 grass particles, etc., for poisoning pikas, 5-10 tablets per hole, destroy efficiency above 90%. This grass particles, as long as properly kept from moisture, virulence can save five months. Can be mechanized mass production. 2, spraying method using 0.5% Gan fluoride, 0.2% fluoroacetamide powder or liquid 0.05-0.2% fluoroacetamide in pasture growth season, sprayed on the grass around the hole effective, or 8 meters with every spray medicine or composition every 8 meters square cross. Spray to wet grass without forming droplets appropriate. After spraying the drug to grazing pastures 30-45 days, if using Gan fluoride grazing should be extended to more than 113 days. 3, fumigation may be two or aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide 30 grams put into effective hole, the hole immediately blocked. Fumigation must be determined cave rat or mouse activity when the rat to catch the hole after dosing. 4, other rodent control method in a large area of grassland rodent, with only minor significance, but in the mopping, is the main means of rodent control. Such as: (1) a blast catching mice law: In case of shortness of pikas use of air waves that fled alert features, its blast hole, take it outside to escape capture, with good results. Its method is to have a rat hole blocked, leaving only two, one hole Zhang a bag, inspired by another entrance to the cave winds, shortness of pikas sudden blast was the impact of the wind on the end of the required escape The results of the drill into the bag and caught. (2) rat trap method: early May, when the pups start the hole activity in the hole near the runway, digging a vertical depth of about 30 cm hole, frightened rats scurry, they will fall into which or starve or be caught in the cave. (3) sealing the hole method: winter mud or snow cave blocked the pika, after freezing, is not easy to dig the hole, it will suffocate in the cave. (4) Other methods include: irrigation method and looper law. 5, the effect of checking the number of statistics and statistical rat rodent after when the number of rabbits, usually visual and statistical hole method. When results from the rodent visual inspection method, of not less than five per hectare, such as when using statistical methods hole to _set_ up a control area, to correct for off-hole rate. 6, rodent bait season pika eradication method most appropriate time is winter and spring (10-3 month). During this period, all the dead plants, bud plants yet to sprout roots, as temperatures drop, frozen soil, food scarce, pikas foraging difficult. Then put the bait _set_ up, and easy pika poisoning due to bulimia. Vegetables and grass bait, can also be used in the summer. The most suitable period of spraying method, in mid-May to late July, the summer season grass growth. Fumigation better use in the summer. Other methods can be used in any season. |
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