Huai village have many natural jasper group. Ying broken to the body, teeth chewing at the cold. Wei Yan Qing enemy back, cool drinker wide. East Gate of the absence of such, snow cluster ice tray.
Dicotyledon, Cucurbitaceae. Annual herb. Vine health, dense fur. Leaves palmate, the surface of white powder. Flowers yellow. Fruit round or oval. Originating in tropical regions of Africa, the 10th century from the Western Regions of China, hence the name. Widely cultivated in China. Fruit flesh is juicy and sweet, is the main fruit in summer. Seeds can be fried. Melons can be used as medicine.
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xī guā
A kind of annual trailing vine, open yellow flowers and leaves with 5-7 deep lobes, the tropical African origin, now widely cultivated
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No. 4
Plant names. Annual herb. Big berry fruit-shaped, round or oval-shaped, flesh red, yellow, and white, sweet and juicy, seed kernels, also food. Melons melon juice can be used as medicine, functional refreshing fever. Origin in Africa, China except for a few cold areas, cultivated both North and South. Ming Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica five watermelon fruit": "according to Hu Qiao" trapped prisoner in mind, "Introduction, Qiao Zheng Xi knot was such a return, it is called watermelon. The watermelon into China since the beginning of the Five Dynasties period."
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No. 5
Species name: Watermelon Also known as: summer melon, winter melon Latin name: citrullus lanatus English name: watermelon
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Genus classification
Angiosperms Amon, Dicotyledoneae, gourd head, Cucurbitaceae, watermelon is Annual trailing herb. Fruit flesh crisp, sweet and juicy, rich in mineral salts and vitamins, is a major refreshing summer fruit. Watermelon Qingre, for the treatment of nephritis, diabetes and cystitis diseases have secondary effects. Peel can be pickled, made crystallized, jams and feed. Seed oil amounted to 50%, oil extraction, fried or for pastry ingredients. Features: Watermelon main root, one meter above the main Deep roots are mainly distributed in 20 cm - 30 cm topsoil, slender root easily broken, recycled weak, intolerant transplant. Seedling stems erect, 4 - 5 Festival elongation between 5-10 - 6 leaves after creeping growth, branching, and can form a 3 - 4 collateral. Leaves alternate, deeply lobed, lobed and entire. Flowers dioecious plant with main stem 3 - 5 male section now has a female 5-7, there may be a small number of peak flowering bisexual flowers. Corolla yellow. Ovary inferior parietal placentas. Both male and female flowers with nectar, insect-pollinated flowers open early in the morning closed in the afternoon. The fruits are spherical, oval, oval ball, cylindrical shape. Fruit surface smooth or edge ditch, skin green and white, green, dark green, dark green, black, between fine-textured or strips. Flesh white, yellow, dark yellow, pink, red and other colors. Succulent flesh of bear meat and sand. Seeds flat, oval or long oval, smooth or cracks. Testa white, light brown, brown, black or brown, monochrome or variegated. Large seed type seed weight 100 grams - 150 grams, 40 grams of seed types - 60 grams, 20 grams of small seed type - 25 grams. 150 g sub-type of melon - 200 grams. Cultivation: Watermelon hi hot and dry climate. Growth optimum temperature 25 ~ 30 ℃, susceptible to chilling injury when 6 ~ 10 ℃. January average temperature above 19 ℃ month throughout the year more than three months before the line open field cultivation areas. Is a long-day plants, hi light, light saturation point of 80 000 lux. Suitable for hot and dry weather, drought and strong, requires well-drained, deep sandy loam soil. Appropriate soil ph5 ~ 7. Chinese watermelon cultivated variety of ways. Are exposed to are the Northwest dry pond cultivation and sand fields cultivated in North flat furrow cultivation, south of the Yangtze River Takakuro cultivation, etc.; belong to protected areas of Beijing wind barrier cultivation, Baoding reed hair cultivation and mulching, plastic greenhouse cultivation, greenhouse cultivation and so on. Whether exposed or protected cultivation, were first protected nursery in the spring and then planting. Basal organic fertilizer, superphosphate and potassium can increase with the sugar content of the fruit. Planting density is generally 500 to 600 acres planted. North line pruning, a one vine a melon; South China not pruning, more than one multi-melon vine. From sowing to harvest about 80 to 120 days, from the female flowers to fruit ripening open about 30 to 50 days. The main diseases are blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew, the main pests are aphids, species of flies, melon, etc. Can be cultivated in most parts of the country of origin. Shandong Province, a large number of cultivated Lacey, Lacey City, South River head Zhen Lan watermelon produced sand to flesh, sweet, juicy, nutrient-rich and famous. The main purpose for the summer fruit watermelon fruit. Ripe fruit contains large amounts of water, the sugar content of flesh meat is generally 5 to 12%, including glucose, fructose and sucrose. Late sweetness of sucrose increases with maturation increases. Almost no starch, sugar sweetness due to dual solution is reduced monosaccharides during storage after harvest. Seeds can be used for cakes and sweetmeats, watermelon rind can be processed into butter. In medicine to medicine melon juice and rind, functional Qingshu antipyretic. Melon called the king, because from the Western Han Dynasty when introduced, it said watermelon. Watermelon is also Cucurbitaceae annual herb, native to Africa, the current cold except for a few outlying areas around the country have grown, fruity, sweet and cold. Watermelon is a typical summer fruit, is also a major fruit of summer, the temperature in the hot summer or hot tropical night, as long as there frozen watermelon, it will have the effect of eliminating heat. Variety: watermelon with a different, can be divided into three categories: ordinary watermelon, melon seeds, watermelon
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Watermelon origin of the name
China is the world's largest watermelon origin, but not from China watermelon. Watermelon original habitat in Africa, it was originally a wild plant Cucurbitaceae, after eating watermelon become artificially propagated. As early as four thousand years ago, Egyptians planting watermelon, then gradually moved northward, initially spread from the Mediterranean coast of northern Europe, and then south into the Middle East, India and other places, when four or five centuries, was introduced into China by the Western, so called "Watermelon." According to the Ming Dynasty scientist Xu Guangqi "NongzhengQuanshu" reads:. "Watermelon, a Western species, so the name" Ming Li in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "by Hu Jiao in Uighur melon seed, watermelon is called the Watermelon. start into the Five Dynasties China; this north-south Jie "This shows that watermelon cultivation in our country has a long history. Watermelon, native to Africa. Egypt has Wuliuqiannian watermelon cultivation history. In the past, it was cited in the Song Ouyang Xiu "New History of the Five Shii Appendix" said: the Five County make the same state Yong Hu Qiao Ru Qidan "before eating watermelon", "Khitan broken Uighur get this to cow shed and covered species, as big as China melon and sweet "," Zhou Dynasty three years (953) ...... Qiao go. " Thus, from the Five Dynasties watermelon was introduced to China by the Western argument seems to be conclusive. In recent years, newspaper articles talking about more than watermelon on hold this to say. 1981 middle school students in Hunan People's Publishing House published books "Community Industry" in there "Watermelon began five generations," a. In fact, this argument is not exact. Ming Li in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" that: watermelon, melon, also known as cold. "Hongjing (Northern and Southern Dynasties person) Note Guadi made Yongjia (Jin Huaidi reign) have cold melon is very large, can be hidden to spring tone, that this also. Covers the first five generations, has been into eastern Zhejiang melon seed, but without the name of watermelon not all over China Seoul. "" Appreciative Christine Tan Teng Chuan, "said Christine Tan" was five years old, mother of Young's suffering from heat, cold melon fresh thinking, vulgar are not produced. Tan Gong Li's visit could not have, sad title cut. Russia met a mulberry door asked why, Christine Tan Sang has to sue the door, saying: 'I have two melons left of a phase.' also with the mother, give room amazing, look for mulberry door, Mozhi lies. " Segment into the style of Tang Dynasty "youyang Miscellaneous Morsels," Volume 19 records hidden Hou (Shen Yue) "row garden" poem: "cold melon side lying ridge, being full of autumn Po Black Man Pei Fun purple eggplant, green taro. are mixed. "comes from a poem lying ridge of cold melon season to see, are in line with the watermelon. In addition, the old Beijing has called the first listing of watermelon as "water melon", after the listing of "cold melon"; this visit farmer, also said late watermelon indeed "cold melon" one said. It seems that the above literature and Li argument can corroborate. However, Li's argument for centuries does not seem to attract attention. In 1976, Guangxi your county Western Han coffin was found in the mud room watermelon seed; 1980, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, the western suburbs of Hanjiang Xian Han funerary paint in the trunk has a watermelon seed, the tomb of the Han Emperor died in the beginning of three years (before 71 years). This is irrefutable proof of the reliability of Li documented. Watermelon, by definition, is a Western came melon. Five generations ago, since it has passed China's southeast coastal areas, but not called watermelon, while its cold antipyretic, said cold melon. Therefore, the watermelon was introduced to China from Western argument seems to be in doubt. Well, it is what route incoming from China? It is speculated that the "Marine Silk Road" into China. The Emperor had sent "translation long", raise business people, carrying silk, take ship to Western countries, "Pearl City, bi displaced, stones, foreign bodies. Ship _set_ sail from the Leizhou Peninsula, sailing along the northern Gulf coast of the West Bank and Vietnam, bypassing the southern tip of Vietnam Ca Mau corner, then along the Gulf of Siam, along the south coast of the Malay Peninsula, arrived in Singapore, and Western fold, through the Malacca Strait, along the Bay of Bengal to reach the country has no way, "Han translated so since also carry" ( "Han Geography"); This seaway, is called the "Maritime Silk Road." "Cheng has no country" Today, it is where the majority of scholars believe that Sri Lanka was also said to Abyssinia in East Africa. Either argument right, are described Han Dynasty era of sea transport between China and Africa has been opened. Because in the Han Dynasty, the Arabs have mastered the secrets of the trade winds of the Indian Ocean, the Indian Air can wear something. Thus, Sri Lanka and South Pacific Islands is entirely possible to become China and Africa traffic transit station. Watermelon Africa can go through the South Pacific islands of Sri Lanka or re-introduced into China. Guangxi and Jiangsu tomb unearthed watermelon seed that Africa Maritime Silk Road cultural communication corroboration. In addition, according to the February 24, 1959, "Guangming Daily" reported: paddy farm in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Neolithic sites have been found in watermelon seed. If this is indeed reliable archaeological harvest, then China has a history of watermelon at least four thousand years or more, and watermelon African origin say, is another matter. Cucurbitaceae cucurbitaceae plant watermelon watermelon citrullus lanatus matsum. Et nakai fruit. NOTE TaoHongJing a herbal medicine in Goity, I mentioned "Yongjia have great cold melon, spring can be hidden to those. Li believes that this is the watermelon, said before the Five Dynasties, melon seed has been into eastern Zhejiang, but no name of watermelon ., because it is not by reason throughout China, "Hu Qiao Krupp trap mind" records: Qiao Zheng Uighur, was such a return, it is called watermelon, the watermelon into China since the beginning of the Five Dynasties period, because this is the north-south Individually cold. The name of cold melon, because from west to and called watermelon watermelon name from Yuan, "daily herbal" out between "Herbal" and other books, and watermelon in the Five Dynasties Introduction China, had called cold melon, whether they Name of water melon, summer melon, melon green board, yet to be verified. watermelon varieties are many, not only modern, ancient Seji of their skin blue, green, and its flesh is red and white varieties, the seeds are yellow, red, black, White and other strains, now no more watermelon category counted. Watermelon rind, pulp, seeds are edible and medicinal. Watermelon seed shell and made "Watermelon Frost" specifically for medicinal purposes, can cure mouth sores, mouth rickets, Yagan, throat moth (acute pharyngitis), and all throat disease. Watermelon flesh (flesh) has Qingre solution polydipsia, diuresis, drug hangover and other effects, to cure all fever, heat, thirst, urination, sore throat, mouth irritation, drunkenness. Watermelon used to treat edema, nephritis, liver disease, jaundice, diabetes. Watermelon seeds have clear lung lungs function, and in thirst, aid digestion, cure vomiting, Jiusou. Husks of blood with treatment of intestinal wind, bloody diarrhea. "This was Fengyuan" reads: Watermelon can lead pericardium of heat from the small intestine, bladder tumble. Solar energy solutions, Yangming and fever in 暍 big thirsty, so there's a natural "BHT" said BHT Treatise on the side of the Han, functional heat fluid, thirst Chufan, referring to the same power of metaphor and its rind. The spring and summer air-volt hair distemper, find collectors taste of the next year, such as soup Wal snow.
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Efficacy
Watermelon in the data ancient folk healing and therapeutic care for the very lucrative. For example: 1 "Songmo mind the smell," says: Some people suffer from eye diseases, make watermelon slices exposed dry, day clothes, then more, cool down as it is by its nature also. 2 "With the interest rate spectrum of home eating," says: Fresh melon abdominal distension, pickles boil soup in winter drink that is canceled. Red eyes and dry mouth sores exposed meat with pickled watermelon eaten; inner lip sores hold in the mouth of the burn research with watermelon; excessive eating melon rind decoction with a solution of the disease; stomatitis with dried watermelon rind, Chaojiao, plus borneol with a little powder, with honey-coated surface of the skin. 3 diabetes, cloudy urine, with watermelon, melon skin sixteen grams, TCS twelve grams, with decoction. 4 hypertension with thirteen grams of dried watermelon branches, grass Cassia ten grams to cook tea. 5 alcoholism, drunken dizziness, thirst, drinking watermelon juice bowl.
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Composition and performance
Watermelon pulp: protein, glucose, sucrose, fructose, malic acid, citrulline, glutamic acid, arginine, phosphoric acid, in the acid, propionic acid, ethylene glycol, betaine, adenine, sucrose, carotenoids , carotenoids, tomato hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon hexahydro tomatoes, vitamin a, b, c, various aldehydes containing volatile components. Seeds: oil containing fat, protein, vitamin b2, starch, pentosans, propionic acid, urea, sucrose and the like. Watermelon pulp contains citrulline, arginine ingredients can increase the formation of urea in the rat liver, resulting in diuresis. Seeds containing one soap-like components, have lower blood pressure, relieve acute cystitis can still function. Fresh salted watermelon rind pickles can be used after. Watermelon raw food can quench fluid, hot weather heat irritability. There are "natural white tiger soup," said the Chinese folk saying goes: Summer eating watermelon, drugs do not grasp. Description optimum heat of summer eating watermelon, hot weather not only hot, sweating more, you can also add water, known as the king of summer fruits. In the large temperature difference between day and night, Xinjiang Hami local daytime heat, cold night, the slang goes: North wear coats afternoon threading, embrace the stove eating watermelon.
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Taboo
Watermelon is the most natural of natural beverages and nutritious, a lot of benefits to the human body, but although many advantages of watermelon, eat a large or long-term side effects can not be ignored. Ming. Wang Ying "Food Materia Medica" says: watermelon, cold fever, there is born a hundred numbers of tiger soup, nevertheless should not eat. Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: watermelon, melon, are among the cold, secular thought sobering, heart sprinkled nectar, whichever vivre, I do not know to help wet spleen injury victims also. Million. Mr. Allen, "Life Extension book" Cloud: North intrinsic thick man, still accustomed to eat, Penan intrinsic thin, eat more prone to cause cholera. Yun: Chen Feng former prefect of anti-state, summer melon eating too much, to suddenly fall of low back pain, can not move, eat melon are suffering also. Therefore, TCM belong stomach Deficiency, cold abdominal pain, frequent urination, urine quantity; and usually chronic colitis, gastritis and duodenal ulcer are virtual cold capita constitution should not eat. Normal healthy person and do not eat too much or too long a lot of time to eat watermelon because more water, a lot of water will dilute the gastric juices in the stomach, causing indigestion or diarrhea. Deterioration can not eat watermelon, easy to cause gastrointestinal disease and diarrhea. But clear. Zhang Lu, "This was Fengyuan," says: watermelon, Ganhan drop spilled. Seeds of sweet warm up, the rationale Kaihuo spit of its nature. Also cited "relative sense Chi" goes: after eating watermelon eating its children, that is, not alas melon gas, its temperature and the bulk of the force is known. Fresh fruits cause gastrointestinal too cold abdominal pain who, in the discretion of the soup can be served in the pharmacological treatment. Watermelon benefit the people, though many, careful note of Taiwanese folk slang goes: Day eating watermelon, midnight anti-disease.
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Three common watermelon
Black Beauty: oval, small melons, melons pure black. Seedless watermelon: round, flower of melons. Flower Peacey melon: oval, melon big, light green and dark green rind and white.
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Eat Watermelon
Raw - direct break open eat Cook the food - fruit porridge do when put to Chaozhuo eating - eating watermelon Piqie Si Chaozhuo Juice eat - eat with the juice squeezed Ice fruit to eat - with a variety of fruit to eat on the ice
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Watermelon casein (approach 1)
[Material]: Skin red flesh watermelon 1000 grams, gold cake 15 grams, 100 grams of sugar, a little sweet-scented osmanthus, water, starch 2.5 g, 1 drop of red food coloring in water. [Method]: 1 would be 500 grams of water into the wok, add the sugar, sweet-scented osmanthus cremation open after boiling, skim foam, drip a drop of red water into a glass of water, starch hook thin gravy, pour into a small bowl, and let cool After the refrigerator for later use. 2 gold cake cut into Ding, watermelon, peeled, seeded, diced, remove the food in the refrigerator when small pots, put watermelon and gold cake Ding Ding Serve. [Features]: beautiful color, and cool and sweet. Watermelon, sweet, cold, hot weather is one of the best fruits in summer. Watermelon is not only Qingre, arrests restless thirst, but can also be processed to a variety of delicious dishes.
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Watermelon casein (approach 2)
[Materials] Watermelon 1 (weighing about 2500g), canned oranges 100g, canned pineapple 100g, canned lychee 100g, sugar 350g, osmanthus 2.5g. [Production steps] 1 whole watermelon washed, playing at 1/4 circle at one end of the word watermelon flower knife, remove the top, scoop out flesh, engraved pattern on the rind. 2 The West rang seeded, cut into 3 sub-square Ding. Another pineapple, lychee also changed the size of the small three points. 3 aluminum pan get angry, put water 1250ml, add sugar to boil, skim foam down into the sweet-scented osmanthus. Such as the water boiled water over the basket and let cool in the refrigerator. Ding watermelon, pineapple, lychee Ding and oranges, watermelon is loaded inside the container, and pour cold water sugar Serve. [Features] Cool, sweet, aromatic. Function for the hot weather Chufan, thirst diuretic. For heat, thirst, fever disability allowance, dry mouth, up_set_, dysuria embolism.
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Braised pork rind
[Materials] Watermelon rind, pork, star anise, soy sauce. [Production steps] 1 Wash pork cuts, the small pieces of cut watermelon peel (red meat portions can leave some) stand. 2 watermelon rind, pork into the pot, add water, star anise, soy sauce, simmer with the 30 to 40 minutes, and serve.
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Watermelon _select_ion techniques
See flowers skin melons, to the lines clear, deep pale clear; black melons, to skin color black with gloss. No matter what kind of melon, Guadi, melon umbilical bit to the inside concave, rattan handle down close to the rind, near the pedicle stout green is the mark of maturity. Touch with the thumb touching melons, melons slippery and hard feeling was good melon, melons sticky or weak for the second melon. The higher the maturity to weigh the watermelon, the more its light weight. Watermelon is generally the same size, with the light as well, who are born overweight melon. Listen to care in the hands of the watermelon, beat lightly with your fingers, issued a "boom, boom" to the crisp sound, prop feel some trembling hands melon is ripe melons; relatively high maturity reflects issued a "sudden, sudden" sound, is ; issued a "pop, pop" sound, was over cooked sweet potato; issued a "tock, tock" sound to be raw melon.
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Mistakes pick watermelons
1, listen to the sound: Most people think, listen to the sound, you can pick out a good watermelon. Watermelon types can be _select_ed by listening. In fact, because of different watermelon skin to thickness, ductile-brittle and the sound will be different. 2, see melon foundation: Most people believe that the end of the melon yellow, it must be ripe melon. In fact, because sometimes when melon farming not see the light at the end, therefore, may be three or four minutes, when cultivated land, has yellow The _select_ion of the correct method of watermelon: 1, to _select_ high-quality varieties: watermelon market more, a small watermelon Betty, Black Beauty, 8424,8714 and other medium-sized watermelon, watermelon large coastal generally less consumed. Buy melon varieties may be able to specify when received unexpectedly results. 2, listen to the sound: small watermelon skin to present flowers are generally more brittle skin, if the sound to hear more crisp to compare Monte may be unfamiliar with it. While others, such as skin color to black Americans, etc., because the skin is thick, it sounds a little Mongolian necessary, if it sounds like a melon as surely familiar 3, see skin color: In general, ripe watermelon is usually relatively smooth, shiny, if you look there are bristles, it shows that the Guardia maturity may be enough 4, see the pattern: After the flowers mature melon skin, patterns generally spread out, if you still tightly, then die. 5, see Guaman: And now, in order to show melon Watermelon appearance, usually stay Guaman sales, just look at raw melon festival in tendrils that if fat coke, and it can be. If not, then it will be cooked and almost a degree. Cool is not greasy, tasty watermelon, braised pork soft.
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Jade Carp
[Materials] rind 250g, Poria 50g, carp (about 500g), soy sauce, vinegar, salt, MSG, 2 tablespoons salad oil. [Production steps] 1 watermelon rind washed, slashing the surface of the green crust, cut into diamond-shaped pieces. Poria skin wash, wash carp. 2 Heat wok, pour oil, add a little carp fry, then add soy sauce, vinegar, cover and simmer slightly. 3 Join watermelon, Poria and a cup and a half of water, simmer tasty, and finally salt, MSG can pan. [Features] tonic dehumidification, heat jaundice. Chinese watermelon Network: http://www.nccn.cn/ is refreshing watermelon yield, but people with diabetes and ease flatulence forbidden to eat watermelon, watermelon and many high sugar content of the fruit is digested in the intestines instead of the stomach The. Therefore, when those watermelon saliva and food needed for digestion of the stomach with food, watermelon will soon be decomposed in the stomach, and then start the formation of fermentation gases, people feel uncomfortable bloating, for this reason, should watermelon separate from other foods to eat, fasting or eating other foods to eat two hours before eating.
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Common sense
1 watermelon can go oil. Because watermelon contains a fat, oil and its components can be combined to achieve the degreasing effect. 2 full watermelon can be refrigerated for about 15 days, summer watermelon Refrigerate not more than two hours.
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Cosmetology
Natural, is now the most popular vocabulary, but also the pursuit of the highest beauty babes goal. In the hot summer of tough, thick makeup clog pores too tight, plus sweat, boredom, many women do not bother to make up, so the summer is over, the beauty of the people all of a sudden run up more. In fact, the best beauty products on your side, watermelon beauty, there are wonderful good things of heaven. Want beautiful babes, hard to eat watermelon it! Hydra natural sunscreen Exceptionally strong summer sun, sunlight leads to strong ultraviolet radiation, the skin if not properly protected, it is easy to be burned. But in this weather, type of work or to run around beauty, where a busy want affordable sunscreen. This time it is a good opportunity to show their talents in the --- watermelon watermelon water content in the fruit is second to none, it is particularly suitable for the summer supplement the loss of body water. Unlike eating watermelon drink or drink, not just the body replenish its moisture, watermelon juice also contains a variety of important health benefits and beauty of the chemical composition. It contains citrulline, alanine, glutamic acid, amino acids having physiological activity of skin, arginine, malic acid, phosphoric acid, etc., still containing adenine important metabolic components, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients substances. These ingredients watermelon, the most easily absorbed by the skin, facial skin moisture, sun protection, whitening effect is very good. When eating watermelon, wiped his face with a melon juice, or watermelon cut out in the Green Paper, with Peel and slice the white sticking inside 15 minutes, and then the whole summer, you can make your skin stay fresh and delicate, white, healthy , full of charming luster. The secret weapon to build legs Since watermelon diuretic effect, coupled with the big water, so after eating watermelon will increase urine output, reducing the content of bile pigment, and make smooth stool, have a role in the treatment of jaundice. In addition, watermelon diuretic effect can make salt excreted, reducing edema, especially swelling of the legs, sitting in front of a computer for prolonged numbness and swelling of the legs women, watermelon is a natural fruit legs. Watermelon is rich in potassium, can be quickly added easily with sweat in the summer loss of potassium, avoid consequent muscle weakness and fatigue, burnout drive away. Potassium is also a beautiful one essential element of the legs, do not underestimate the role of modified leg line watermelon, eat watermelon, watermelon juice drink, and you will enjoy the refreshing taste pleasantly surprised to get the same beautiful legs . Fresh lotion Fresh watermelon juice and fresh melons can increase skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, adding luster. Crushed watermelon flesh in a bowl, then carefully filtered out of juice, is the best and most natural skin toner it. Every morning and evening makeup before using it as a lotion, fresh without irritation, stick to it to make a better face, long-lasting and beautiful. With leftover watermelon juice can be placed in the refrigerator, not degenerate within three days. This purely natural lotion, with do with the use, ideal for sensitive skin people. Also, eat watermelon can also make beautiful dense hair, perm and hair dry because people who wish to eat some.
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No. 21
Species name: Watermelon Also known as: summer melon, cold melon, green beryl room door Latin name: citrullus lanatus English name: watermelon
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No. 22
Watermelon ("Daily Materia Medica") Synonyms】 【cold melon (Hongjing), born BHT (Wang Ying "Food Materia Medica"). [Source] Cucurbitaceae watermelon fruit flesh. [] Watermelon plant morphology Annual trailing herb. Stems thin, creeping, slightly with 5 edges, twigs densely hairy; tendrils 2 bifurcation, coat. Leaves alternate; petiole length from 3 to 12 cm; leaves triangular-ovate, wide oval, etc., from 8 to 20 cm long, 5 to 18 cm wide, 3-parted, or nearly three full-lobed, middle lobe longer lobes on both sides short, irregular lobes further pinnatipartite or two pinnate split, both sides are very rough. Flowers unisexual, monoecious, solitary and axillary; male 2 to 2.5 cm in diameter: thin stalk, villous; sepals connate wide bell-shaped, are hairy; 5 crack tip, narrow lobes lanceolate or linear lanceolate; connate corolla funnel-shaped, green outside, villous, the upper 5-parted, lobes ovate-oblong or broad elliptic, apex obtuse; stamens 5, where four pairs Hopson, a separation , filaments stubby; female compared with male large, calyx, corolla and the male is similar; ovary inferior, ovate, pubescent outside much, style short, stigma 5-lobed. Gourd fruit nearly round or oblong, about 30 cm diameter, surface green, light green, and more with shades of white stripes. Seeds numerous, flat, slightly oval. Flowering from June to July. Fruit from July to October. Cultivated all over the country. The plant's roots and leaves (watermelon roots and leaves), fruit (watermelon), seeds (West melon seeds), seed coat (watermelon shell) were for medicinal purposes, details of special articles. [Collection] summer harvest. Chemical composition of watermelon juice containing citrulline, α-amino-β-propionic acid, alanine, α-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamic acid, arginine, phosphoric acid, malic acid, acetic glycol, betaine, adenine, fructose, glucose, sucrose, salts (potassium Lord), vitamin C, β-carotene, γ-carotene, tomato hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons hexahydro tomatoes. They contain volatile components, there are acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, iso-amyl, hexanal. Flowers have glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine, asparagine, lysine, alanine. Former female than male with 4 kinds of amino acids as much, but contain less lysine and alanine. Pharmacological effects flesh citrulline and arginine in part, is said to enhance the formation of urea in rat liver, leading to a diuretic. [Taste] sweet, cold. ① "Daily Materia Medica": "sweet, cold, non-toxic." ② "drink meal,:" sweet, flat, non-toxic. " ③ "outline": "Sweet pale, cold, non-toxic." ④ "Materia Medica and then new": "Sweet, cool." [Meridian] into the heart, stomach, bladder. ① "Yu Catalpa drug solution": "start lunar lung, bladder full sun, foot Yangming stomach." ② "Bencaoqiuzhen": "into the pericardium, stomach." ③ "to the drug sub-agent": "Rupi." ④ "Materia Medica and then new": "into the heart, liver, lung triple." 【Indications】 Qingre, arrests restless thirst, diuresis cure heat, thirst, heat Sheng Jin injury, urination;. Pharyngitis, mouth sores. ① "Daily Materia Medica":. "Refreshing hot solution polydipsia, wide lower gas, Lee SWATH, cure dysentery." ② "drink meal": "Lord diabetes, cure up_set_ hangover." ③ "Danxi Heart": "cure mouth sores worse, slowly Whey drink with watermelon." ④ "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica": "cure all fever, sputum Yong Qi stagnation." ⑤ Wang Ying "Food Materia Medica": "treatment pharyngitis." [Usage and dosage] Oral: juice drink. [Taboo] in alpine Sheng Jifu. [Election] ① governance Yangming very hot, dry tongue polydipsia, or take a look faint, insomnia, out of those lazy language: good cut red flesh watermelon, juice bowl, slowly drink. ("Materia Medica") ② governance summer, autumn diarrhea, irritability: watermelon, garlic, watermelon cut three tenths, into seven lobes of garlic, herb wrap with seven to nine, then Wong full encapsulation, into an empty bamboo Guarneri outlet, charcoal fire to dry, powder, water swallow. ("Grass health herbal prescription is simple compilation.") ③ treatment of burns: The Inter-July to November ripe watermelon, melon seeds go, take a scoop with juice sealed in a clean glass jar, place three to four months, to be produced plum-like odor filtration applications. First burn with cold isotonic saline Ministry or cold water wash, and then spent clarified watermelon liquid absorbent cotton soaked, Fuyu affected area. Changed several times a day, usually one or two degrees burns, a week can be more, three times by two weeks to heal. ("The Hebei Medical Collection")
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Species name
Watermelon Alias: summer melon, winter melon, green beryl room door; Latin name: Citrullus lanatus; English name: watermelon. Genus classification of angiosperms Amon, Dicotyledoneae, gourd head, Cucurbitaceae, watermelon is. Annual trailing herb. Fruit flesh crisp, sweet and juicy, rich in mineral salts and vitamins, is a major refreshing summer fruit. Watermelon Qingre, for the treatment of nephritis, diabetes and cystitis diseases have secondary effects. Peel can be pickled, made crystallized, jams and feed. Seed oil amounted to 50%, oil extraction, fried or for pastry ingredients. Features: Watermelon main root, root depth of one meter or more, mainly in root mass 20 cm - 30 cm layer of the root, root thin and easily broken, recycled weak, intolerant transplant. Seedling stems erect, 4 - 5 Festival elongation between 5-10 - 6 leaves after creeping growth, branching, and can form a 3 - 4 collateral. Leaves alternate, deeply lobed, lobed and entire. Flowers dioecious plant with main stem 3 - 5 male section now has a female 5-7, there may be a small number of peak flowering bisexual flowers. Corolla yellow. Ovary inferior parietal placentas. Both male and female flowers with nectar, insect-pollinated flowers open early in the morning closed in the afternoon. The fruits are spherical, oval, oval ball, cylindrical shape. Fruit surface smooth or edge ditch, skin green and white, green, dark green, dark green, black, between fine-textured or strips. There are creamy white flesh, yellow, dark yellow, pink, red and other colors. Succulent flesh of bear meat and sand. Seeds flat, oval or long oval, smooth or cracks. Testa white, light brown, brown, black or brown, monochrome or variegated. Large seed type seed weight 100 grams - 150 grams, 40 grams of seed types - 60 grams, 20 grams of small seed type - 25 grams. 150 g sub-type of melon - 200 grams. Cultivation: Watermelon hi hot and dry climate. Growth optimum temperature 25 ~ 30 ℃, susceptible to chilling injury when 6 ~ 10 ℃. January average temperature above 19 ℃ month throughout the year more than three months before the line open field cultivation areas. Is a long-day plants, hi light, light saturation point of 80 000 lux. Suitable for hot and dry weather, drought and strong, requires well-drained, deep sandy loam soil. Appropriate soil pH5 ~ 7. Chinese watermelon cultivated variety of ways. Are exposed to are the Northwest dry pond cultivation and sand fields cultivated in North flat furrow cultivation, south of the Yangtze River Takakuro cultivation, etc.; belong to protected areas of Beijing wind barrier cultivation, Baoding reed hair cultivation and mulching, plastic greenhouse cultivation, greenhouse cultivation and so on. Whether exposed or protected cultivation, were first protected nursery in the spring and then planting. Basal organic fertilizer, superphosphate and potassium can increase with the sugar content of the fruit. Planting density is generally 500 to 600 acres planted. North line pruning, a one vine a melon; South China not pruning, more than one multi-melon vine. From sowing to harvest about 80 to 120 days, from the female flowers to fruit ripening open about 30 to 50 days. The main diseases are blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew, the main pests are aphids, species of flies, melon, etc. Can be cultivated in most parts of the country of origin. Sishilipu Yishui County, Shandong Province, a large number of cultivated Lacey, Lacey City River heads south Lan Zhen produced watermelon flesh with sand, sweet, juicy, nutrient-rich and famous. The main purpose for the summer fruit watermelon fruit. Ripe fruit contains large amounts of water, the sugar content of flesh meat is generally 5 to 12%, including glucose, fructose and sucrose. Late sweetness of sucrose increases with maturation increases. No starch, sweetness during storage due to double sugar solution as monosaccharides and reducing post-harvest. Seeds can be used for cakes and sweetmeats, watermelon rind can be processed into butter. In medicine to medicine melon juice and rind, functional Qingshu antipyretic. Melon called the king, because from the Western Han Dynasty when introduced, it said watermelon. Watermelon is also Cucurbitaceae annual herb, native to Africa, the current cold except for a few outlying areas around the country have grown, fruity, sweet and cold. Watermelon is a typical summer fruit, is also a major fruit of summer, the temperature in the hot summer or hot tropical night, as long as there frozen watermelon, it will have the effect of eliminating heat. Variety: watermelon with a different, can be divided into three categories: ordinary watermelon, melon seeds, melon, watermelon.
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Watermelon cultivation technology
Small Shed watermelon cultivation Is to 2 m small shed watermelon cultivation as an example described below: First, the structure and properties of small shed Small Shed should choose from north to south, covering 1.4-1.6 meters wide, in the middle of the first opened 60 cm wide, 40 cm deep melon ditch, deep plowing, soil and fertilizer mix so after fertilization and made 60 cm wide, 10 - 15 cm tall Turtle-shaped planting beds, bed sides to form a 30 cm wide each watering ditch, ditch outside each doing a 20 cm high 20 cm wide furrow ridge, the ridge every 1-1.2 meters _insert_ a 2 m long, 4 cm wide bamboo, forming a width of 1.5 meters, about 0.7 meters tall arch, 2 meters wide shelves buckle film, surrounded by severe soil compaction pressure, shed spacing of about 1 m. 240-260 per acre with bamboo pieces. 0.014 mm plastic sheeting or 0.03 mm to about 7.5 kg to about 16 kg of plastic sheeting, plastic film 0.005 mm to about 2.5 kg. The general structure of a small shed Year early April can be stabilized at a minimum temperature of 5 degrees or more, to meet the requirements of watermelon rejuvenation period. Second, cultivate grafted Currently used on the production of greenhouse heating facilities to nurture grafted with pumpkin or gourd rootstock, using abutting or top plug method. Seedling age of about 40 days. 1, _set_ the seedbed seedbed north-south, east-west width 1.2 m, requiring furrow bottom flat stretch of ridge width 30-40 cm, 15-20 cm tall. 2, requires preparation of nutritive soil nutrient soil loose, fertile soil, water, fertilizer and bacteria-free eggs. Fertile garden soil is generally used in 2 parts 1 part by the summer heat plus the full maturity of sifting fermentation of organic fertilizer, and then crushed per cubic added fertilizer diammonium 0.5 kg or 1 kg, 50% carbendazim 3-4 two, 50% phoxim a two, after thoroughly mixed into the diameter of 8 cm high 10 cm nutritional bowl. One week before sowing bleed through nutrition pouring enough water bowl. 3, greenhouse disinfected before planting greenhouse with sulfur powder 2 kg / mu + dichlorvos 0.2 kg / acre mixed with sawdust smoked for 24 hours. 4, seed treatment (1) black black seed pumpkin seed pumpkin seed dormancy is very strong, then the germination rate of only 40%. GA required to break dormancy. Specifically: the first with warm water and soak the seeds for 1-2 hours, remove debris, scrub, then 150-200ppm GA soaked for 24 hours. If you spend a year Chen seeds, directly soaking, soaking time to 12 hours. (2) ZiZhong skinned gourd gourd seeds, water problems, slow seed germination, sprouting irregular, germination potential, germination rate. Available types of hot water treatment, first with cold water immersion seeds, then pour hot water 80-90 degrees in one direction along the stirring constantly, so the water temperature dropped to 70-75 degrees and maintained for about 1 minute, and finally into the cold water temperature down to 20-30 degrees, continue Soaking 24-36 hours, pumpkin seeds can also refer to treatment with 100PPM GA treatment; (3) watermelon seed treatment: one with 50% carbendazim or thiophanate 500 times Soaking in warm water 30 minutes before cleaning the fish immersed 6-8 hours; another one is kind of hot water with 80-90 degrees for 3-5 seconds and then add cold water to make the water temperature dropped to about 55 degrees, about 10 minutes Soaking descending Soaking 6-8 hours to 20-30 degrees. Either way, after the adoption of seed treatment before germination of seed coat must dry or wipe excess water, to be kind and then into the mouth without water film wrapped germination environment 28-30 degrees, in order to avoid too much water species within the Ren lack of oxygen affect seed germinating. 5, sowing: (1) with a pumpkin rootstock abut. Soaking is not primed pumpkin, watermelon seed germination while after sowing in nutrition bowl rootstock and scion seeds each on-demand two, overburden 1.5 cm, mulching. Pengwen 30-35 degrees during the day, night, 18-22 degrees, to ensure the soil temperature above 18 degrees, after emergence dropped to about 25 degrees during the day and night of 15 to 16 degrees. 1 to 2 days before grafting proper ventilation and cooling, improve seedling adaptability. To prevent the occurrence of diseases can spray 800 times or 1,000 times chlorothalonil Grade thiophanate so on. To properly control while ago when grafting grafting hypocotyl crisp water to prevent splitting. (2) the use of gourd rootstock top plug, after the gourd seed germination in nutrient-demand single grain bowl, overburden 1.5 cm mulching, buckle small shed. About ten days after sowing the whole gourd seedlings and some seedling cotyledons, leaves reveal the heart (broken heart), the watermelon seeds can be planted after germination. Watermelon seeds sown in the sandbox, before sowing the hot sand with open flooding, cooling watermelon seeds will sow about 1 cm intervals, casing 1 cm, mulching moisturizing warming. As the sandbox greenhouse warm place about 5-6 days of emergence, see the sun an angel of light watermelon seedlings and fully expanded cotyledons green, then hoist has launched the first true leaf (leaf as one) the best method for the top plug grafting period. 6, grafting: (1) pumpkin and watermelon abuts: pumpkin cotyledons flat when removed expose the heart of the growing point, 0.5-1 cm in cotyledons under a 45 degree angle with the blade down beveled knife, a depth of stem diameter of 2 / 5-1/2, cut about 1 cm. While the corresponding parts of the watermelon scion upward at a 45 degree angle bevel depth of 1/2-2/3 thick neck incision length and rootstock same incision. The scion rootstock stems embedded incision incision, so that the two interfaces together tightly with grafting clips interface. After about seven days interface to heal the roots cut scion grafting ,10-15 days to remove the clip. (2) with a gourd rootstock top plug: first when grafted bud and leaf gourd removed, leaving only two cotyledons, and then use a bamboo stick with a fairly sophisticated watermelon seedlings with a thickness of 6-8 mm bevel, bevel downward direction along the veins and cotyledons gourd gourd stem _insert_ion angle of about 45 degrees to expose just the tip of bamboo prevail. Watermelon seedlings at the cotyledon under 8-10 mm cut the stems diagonally with a razor blade, cut a length of 8 to 10 mm, unplug the bamboo quickly watermelon slice down into the gourd rootstock scion, making two cuts snapping, rootstock cotyledons and scion cotyledon was "10"-shaped cross. 7, after grafting management: cover promptly after grafting small shed moisture and shade with a shade net or the like. Three days before the general no ventilation, daytime 25-28 degrees, 20-22 degrees at night, not less than 18 degrees, a small shed in the air relative humidity above 95%. Three days later, gradually increasing the amount of ventilation, shade shorter time. Grafted seedlings survived about 12 days after the day the temperature can drop to 24-26 degrees, 16-18 degrees at night. Note promptly remove rootstock bud initiation. Spraying prevent the occurrence of disease. 3-5 days before planting low temperature hardening, leaked to increase the amount of daylight during the day and 22-24 degrees at night dropped to 13-15 degrees, in order to enhance small shed after planting seedlings for the environment adaptability. Third, the preparation before planting 1, enough base fertilizer: Combine plowing into the fermenting manure applied per acre 2-2.5 party or quality circles dung 6-8 square (conditional households best lap in the summer and the chicken manure mixed with high-temperature fermentation, by high-temperature fermentation of organic fertilizer Dorsch Some are not easy to burn seedlings), diammonium 30-40 kg, 30-40 kg potassium sulfate, urea or ammonium bicarbonate 10-15 kg 25-40 kg of fertilizer applied by the end of each case Deficiency or spraying. 2, ridging, Yin, the Koupeng In late March election sunny promptly as required ridging, blurred 7-10 days before planting, the mulching, buckle small shed, grilled, the warming. Fourth, planting 1, the colonization period: Stone City and the surrounding counties generally in early April by the end of March, when the small shed 5 cm above ground temperature stable at 12 degrees, no wind, sunny day to elect colonization, from physical point of view at a time when climate willow sprout Poplar Luoxu. 2, planting density: each planting bed planting two rows, spacing of not less than 0.7 meters, acres planted 650-700 trees. When planting directly by the spacing drilling, water Zaimiao seat with open hole or a melon scoop on the cover of the film, the film finally seal the hole with soil, promptly stamped with small shed. Fifth, after planting management 1, temperature management: (1) colonization - that is, from planting to ro_set_te leaves of melon 5-6 creeping growth before turning upright growth period, about 13-15 days. After three days before planting to promote Huanmiao generally do not spread rumors. Huanmiao be ten o'clock to 2:00 pm each day and gradually increase the amount leaked to achieve cooling, dehumidifying, improve lighting conditions, reducing plant growth rate, improve resilience to reach leaves thick, thick neck, strong root system. (2) ro_set_te - Block melon: This stage has entered late April, late frost has passed, generally without regard to frost damage. This period of rapid growth of plant roots and stems, resulting in extremely leggy fruit difficulties. So to take morning, noon enlarge the wind, the night of nutrients to promote the rational allocation of virtual covering film, early fruit. 2, pruning method: three pruning methods commonly used when the main vine grow to 30 cm long and 5 cm stem base branches per plant growing even choose to stay two robust Ceman, remove excess Ceman early. The general election to remain the main vine second or third female fruit, optional stay when the main vine sit Ceman female fruit. Average fruit festival bit early before removing the excess collateral, and fruit festival bit later sections of the collateral may stay 3-6 leaves to jump the queue to increase leaf area increase production. 3, fertilizer and water management: planting irrigated under foot, the main vine about 50 cm, can be combined with water topdressing urea 5 kg per acre, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 kg. When the young fruit grow to the size of eggs per acre with water into the urea 15 kg, 20 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Sized fruit size may force base case topdressing urea 10 kg per acre, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 kg It may also be sprayed with foliar feeding to prevent premature leaf. 4, artificial pollination: pollination time is 7-11 every morning, the day of the open male flower petals removed, lightly coated in pollen has been flowering Stigma. In the operation should be thoughtful attention evenly to prevent abnormal results. 5, the results of the second method watermelon and key technologies: There are two ways, one is cut vine regeneration, that is, after the first crop of melons _set_ a note left base of the initiation of a new election Man 3, after the first crop harvested from the Department 30 cm cut off the roots of old vines, spread the use of the base of the new results. Another is to stay melon shoots that grow in the latter part of the fruit, the use of the Lord, Ceman new vine fruit top issue. Usually 7-10 days to flowering and fruit _set_ting, this method management simple, but fruit section height, fruit shape small, low yields. The key technology is mainly late head swelling melon crop of melons do prevention work, Yemianpenfei prevent premature leaf timely clean garden after picking melons, with rooting agent IRRIGATING watering and fertilizer, promoting the new vine robust growth. Small watermelon cultivation technology First, a small watermelon cultivation season adaptability, can grow normally at temperatures above 14 ℃. Using different cultivation techniques, from January to mid-summer, July 5-October to late planting can be harvested. Protected cultivation in early spring: 2 months late planting seedlings, seedling age 35-40 days, using heating method nursery, planting in mid-April on the conservatory, in early June the market. Spring planting bare: late March to late May sowing, seedling age 30 days or so. Protected nursery, planting after the final frost on bare ground or stamped with small shed. Summer postpone protected cultivation: July to late planting, seedling age about 20 days. In early September stamped films, early stamped insulation straws, listed before October. Second, planting seedlings Nutrient soil preparation: nutrition soil preparation methods are more commonly used 2/3 of peat soil plus 1/3 is not planted large melon mix sifted Land, or 1/3 composting manure plus 2/3 big Land. Plus 2 kg of soil per square superphosphate, with 800 times the carbendazim was disinfected or fumigated with formaldehyde. Soaking germination: Available 55 ℃ warm water soaking disinfection, stirring constantly until the temperature dropped to about 30 ℃. Soak for 4 hours, wash the seeds, and then use a wet towel placed under tight around 30 ℃ environment primed. Sowing: When applied before planting day was 800 times thiophanate drenched seedlings soil, seeds bud to be about 0.5 cm, planting in the nursery tray, seeds should be stored flat, bud tip up, cover fine nutrient soil 1.5 cm thick and was irrigated with 800 times thiophanate seedling tray, the temperature was maintained at 25-30 ℃, in order to ensure the emergence neat. After emergence temperature can be maintained at 18-28 ℃. Seedbed rather dry not wet. Early spring should prevent damage, ensure adequate lighting. Summer high temperatures should prevent leggy seedlings. Third, field management Colonization: the general multi-Man and more fruit whole vine cultivation methods, spacing of 60-80 cm × 180-200 cm, 530-730 plants can be planted per acre. Also cultivated vertical grid, spacing 50 cm × 100-140 cm, double row planting. Fertilizer: the basal mainly fertilizer supplement. Should be 53-66 kg per acre with basal fertilizer and 2,670 kg of compost, take the way of facilities or applicator applied. After the entire growth period "two water two fat" based, that stretch spread fertilizer, a week after planting with nitrogen-based, irrigation; swelling melon fertilizer, a week after fruit _set_ in phosphorus and potassium-based, irrigation. Leaving the entire vine fruit: due to the small fruit, to achieve a higher yield, should adopt a multi way more fruit vine cultivation, generally retain a main vine and 3-4 Ziman, or not the whole vine; removal of the left main vine fruit when the first female the rest can keep two melon crop, fruit Ziman following sections should be removed as soon as possible. Pest Control: Small watermelon varieties relatively large watermelon varieties with strong resistance, the disease is generally spread blight, fusarium wilt, viral diseases, such as anthrax, the best pest control 7-10 days once.
Using technology in the greenhouse cultivation of watermelon harvest many times, can be harvested 5-6 times at the end of May to October, with an average of 7,500 kg per mu yield of watermelon. Variety _select_ion _Select_ion of early maturity, disease resistance, resistance to low light, regenerative ability of Zaojia such as watermelon varieties. Nurturing seedlings Nanjing is generally sown in mid-January, the use of the hotline hotbed seedling raising. Do 1 meter wide in the greenhouse, the number of nursery plot 25 cm deep, depending on the length of the nursery may be. Qinei spread mulch, sprinkle fine soil, straw and other things, at the laying of electric wire, into the nutritional bowl. Soaking seed germination to 80% when Lu Bai sowing, sowing one per pot. After the broadcast coverage of 0.5 to 1 cm thick fine soil, mulching, small shed on the ride. Night capped straws on a small shed. The day before the emergence of the bed temperature maintained at 30 ~ 32 ℃, the night kept at 20 ~ 25 ℃. 70% of the melon unearthed thrown off film. Small Shed opened after proper Qimiao cool day Pengwen controlled at 20 ~ 30 ℃, nighttime control in 15 ~ 18 ℃. One week before transplanting gradually cooling hardening. Suitable period of colonization Applied per acre before planting decomposed manure 2500 kg, maturity cake 100 kg, 10 kg of urea, superphosphate 50 kg, 15 kg potassium sulfate or potassium applied per acre efficient multi-element fertilizer 100 kg. With fertilizer per acre applicator 3% phoxim granules and 50% carbendazim WP 2 kg each, control of soil pests and soil disinfection. Soil preparation before planting a month Zuoqi, 5 meters wide furrow greenhouses do 2, Qikuan two meters, leaving the middle 30 cm wide operating ditch. In late February to early March election sunny morning planting, planted a row of each plot, spacing 80 cm, about 330 per acre planted. Live trees after transplanting pouring enough water, the water seepage under mulching, take a small shed at night stamped grass thatch on small shed. Temperature and humidity management 10 days after planting to heat-based management, daytime Pengwen maintained at 25 ~ 32 ℃, the night kept at 18 ~ 20 ℃, Pengwen exceed 35 ℃ proper ventilation and cooling. Appropriate to increase the amount of ventilation after Zuogua. Melon enlargement and maturity Pengwen day held at 25 ~ 32 ℃, the night kept at 15 ~ 20 ℃. In mid-April, removed a small shed. After May temperatures rise attention to ventilation, sunny noon open skirt and top film ventilation and cooling. Peel off the top left side of the membrane summer film, and add water. August temperatures, plant transpiration capacity, moisture and temperature regulation should be science. Fertilizer and water management Shi Huanmiao one week after transplanting fertilizer, nitrogen-based, plus 5 kg of urea per acre irrigated facilities. Eggs large melon applied per acre composting human waste 600 kg or 10 kg of urea, three efficient fertilizer 10 kg, 10 kg potassium sulfate, 7 days Zaishi 1. Per acre applied after harvest each 10 kg of potassium and urea, or 45% efficient fertilizer 30 kg. Not too much watermelon greenhouse irrigation, watering should be based on a reasonable degree of fresh leaves. Plant Adjustment Take three vine pruning, the main vine length 60 cm in Section 3-5 of the election to remain robust Ceman 2, all the rest Ceman removed to reduce nutrient consumption. After removing weak branches firmly secured melon, diseased branches and old leaves, diseased leaves, in order to facilitate ventilation and light. _Select_ sunny afternoon Yaman with clods. Floral Management 12 elected to stay in the Festival each plant 1 to 2 melon melon egg size. Melon removed 12 centimeters in diameter and extra time malformation melon melon, leaving a melon per plant, leaving 330 acre melon. After 15 to 20 Zuogua Tianfan 1 melon and fruit with dry straw mats or pads melon. When the first batch of 7-8 ripe melon at the base of hair spread on the election of new second batch of melon left, leaving melon growing amount determined in accordance with Guaman, vine growing melons stay strong, whereas less stay melon. High temperatures in autumn, after the left node of the melon should be appropriate to push the general election to stay in the 20th Festival two melon. The third, fourth melon when appropriate Thinning too much, in order to ensure the quality of melon. Pest control Prevention and control of watermelon cataplexy, blight, fusarium wilt, leaf blight, downy mildew, anthracnose, powdery mildew and aphids, spider mites and other pests. Timely harvest 37 to 40 days after harvest the first batch of female flowers open melon, every 30 days or so after harvest 1. When the first part of the second crop of melons melon crop has been harvested Zuogua, be careful not to pull the vines too.
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西瓜虫
4. Pollution control technology
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Watermelon materials introduced
Watermelon Watermelon Watermelon Cucurbitaceae fruit. Individually watermelon cultivation of China's north and south. Melon were round or oval, have dark green skin color, green, white or green serpentine and other folders. Juicy and sweet flesh, was concentrated red, pink, yellow or white. Watermelon called "melon king," Sweet and juicy flavor, refreshing thirst, is Sheng Xiajia fruit, watermelon outside in addition to fat and cholesterol-free, contains large amounts of glucose, malic acid, fructose, amino acid, tomato vegetarian and rich in vitamin C and other substances, is a nutritious, pure, safe food. Nutritional Analysis A watermelon can Qingre, arrests restless thirst: Watermelon contains a lot of moisture in the acute fever fever, thirst, sweating, irritability, eat a piece of sweet sand, water full of watermelons, the symptoms will immediately improvement; 2 sugar and salt and watermelon diuretic contained eliminate inflammation of the kidneys, the protease can insoluble protein into a soluble protein, increased nutritional nephritis patients; 3 watermelons contain substances can lower blood pressure; 4 urine after eating watermelon will be significantly increased, which can reduce the amount of bile pigment, and make the stool, have a role in the treatment of jaundice; 5 fresh watermelon juice and fresh melons increase skin elasticity, reduce wrinkles, adding luster. Watermelon (AVG) list of nutrients (Per 100 grams) content of the component name component name component name content moisture content of edible portions 56 (g) 93.3 Energy (kcal) 25 Energy (kJ) 105 Protein (g) 0.6 Fat (g) 0.1 Carbohydrates ( g) 5.8 Dietary Fiber (g) 0.3 Cholesterol (mg) 0 Ash (g) 0.2 Vitamin A (mg) 75 carotene (mg) 450 retinol (mg) 0 thiamine (g) 0.02 Riboflavin ( mg) 0.03 Niacin (mg) 0.2 Vitamin C (mg) 6 Vitamin E (T) (mg) 0.1a-E0.06 (β-γ)-E0.01δ-E0.03 Calcium (mg) 8 Phosphorus (mg ) 9 Potassium (mg) 87 Sodium (mg) 3.2 Magnesium (mg) 8 Fe (mg) 0.3 Zinc (mg) 0.1 Se (g) 0.17 Cu (mg) 0.05 Manganese (mg) 0.05 Iodine (mg) 0 Related people General population can eat 1 suitable for patients with hypertension, acute and chronic nephritis patients, cholecystitis patients with high fever are edible; 2 diabetics Eat recommended edible meals; spleen and stomach, loose stools dampness unfit for human consumption. Grams of food Bogey and lamb with fresh watermelon. Production guidance Raw food, drink wringer, decoction or Aogao service. Therapeutic effect Watermelon, cold, sweet, heart, stomach, bladder through; efficacy with Qingre, thirst, diuretic Chufan; attending mediastinoscopy gas obstruct, full of stuffy, uncomfortable, difficult urination, nose and mouth sores, heat, heat stroke, drug hangover embolism. Remark 1 watermelon raw and cooked declaimed: Satisfy watermelon in one hand and gently pat or be playing with the index and middle fingers to play, ripe watermelon, knocking it will happen relatively dull sound, immature watermelon knocked up sound crisp; General law is "muffled" as ripe melon, "crisp sound" living melon, but some thick rind, knocked up listening too muffled, but not necessarily ripe melon. 2 ripe watermelon cut tips: a ripe watermelon child thin flesh large knife and gently touched on burst open, very ugly, and not under the mouth; If the first at the bottom of the watermelon with chopsticks poke a seventy-eight cm around the hole, turning a few times, and then pull out the chopsticks, knife cut down from the hole, according to the usual method of Cesi melon, cut in half on a flat watermelon. 3 watermelon is an excellent summer fruit, seeds can be used for cakes and sweetmeats; cooking to make watermelon ice bowl, casein watermelon, watermelon cake and so on. 4 Daylight fruits watermelon, winter should not eat, you should follow the law of the season. 5 Do not eat out of the fridge just watermelon. Yellow flesh melon <IMG src="http://t11.baidu.com/it/u=371010294,71994757&fm=3&gp=41.jpg" name=pn1> new golden yellow flesh watermelon called À, watermelon is imported from Taiwan rare species. Melon is small, only 3 kg maximum, high sugar content and uniform, the entrance, there is no other place in Henan planting this species. This yellow flesh watermelon fruit to mature from only 33 days a year, to close the growing of two 3000 kg per mu.
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China is currently the main origin of watermelon
China is currently divided into north and south two watermelon Origin: Made in Hainan Island as the main producing areas of southern Hainan Island, according to their unique climate all year round rich watermelon; North Shandong is a major watermelon producing areas, mainly in the Northwestern region Shenxian Texas and other places, especially in the most famous SHENXIAN watermelon.
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The current major brands watermelon
Francis Chin watermelon is one of four business cards, Wenling, agricultural products, Ruoheng main origin of Wenling City. 1999 Ruoheng government funding to the National People's Bureau for Industry and Commerce, "Francis Chin" registered trademark, and Fu Hu successfully hosted the 2000 'Ruo Wang Wenling, Zhejiang (Shanghai) "Yulin" watermelon press conference, Francis Chin watermelon rise to fame, known in and outside especially popular in Shanghai City, Guangzhou City, Shenzhen City, Fuzhou City, the city of Hangzhou, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, became well-known boutique melons, melon brand, but to get the attention of domestic melons and evaluation experts. Brand-name products in Zhejiang Province in 2001 was named, in 2003, "Francis Chin" trademark was named Zhejiang province, the provincial Agriculture Expo 2004 was also named the province's "Ten Most people love the brand agricultural products" and so on.
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Eat watermelon
Direct cut raw When the fruit porridge cooked into them Piqie Si eat fried watermelon Eat juicer Eat a variety of fruits on the ice together Unique watermelon eat: with twenty-two around the small watermelon pickles submerged system, delicious and refreshing, is one of the specialties Yishui County, especially in the drink, a plate of watermelon pickles, tasty and sober. There are: Watermelon casein [A] practice [Material]: Skin red flesh watermelon 1000 grams, gold cake 15 grams, 100 grams of sugar, a little sweet-scented osmanthus, water, starch 2.5 g, 1 drop of red food coloring in water. [Method]: 1 would be 500 grams of water into the wok, add the sugar, sweet-scented osmanthus cremation open after boiling, skim foam, drip a drop of red water into a glass of water, starch hook thin gravy, pour into a small bowl, and let cool After the refrigerator for later use. 2 gold cake cut into Ding, watermelon, peeled, seeded, diced, remove the food in the refrigerator when small pots, put watermelon and gold cake Ding Ding Serve. [Features]: beautiful color, and cool and sweet. Watermelon, sweet, cold, hot weather is one of the best fruits in summer. Watermelon is not only Qingre, arrests restless thirst, but can also be processed to a variety of delicious dishes. [2] approach [Materials] Watermelon 1 (weighing about 2500g), canned oranges 100g, canned pineapple 100g, canned lychee 100g, sugar 350g, osmanthus 2.5g. [Production steps] 1 whole watermelon washed, playing at 1/4 circle at one end of the word watermelon flower knife, remove the top, scoop out flesh, engraved pattern on the rind. 2 The West rang seeded, cut into 3 parts of the small square. Another pineapple, lychee also changed the size of the small three points. 3 aluminum pan get angry, put water 1.25L (1250ml), add sugar to boil, skim foam down into the sweet-scented osmanthus. Such as the water boiled water over the basket and let cool in the refrigerator. Ding watermelon, pineapple, lychee Ding and oranges, watermelon is loaded inside the container, and pour cold water sugar Serve. [Features] Cool, sweet, aromatic. Function for the hot weather Chufan, thirst diuretic. For heat, thirst, fever disability allowance, dry mouth, up_set_, dysuria embolism. [Materials] Watermelon rind, pork, star anise, soy sauce. [Production steps] 1 Wash pork cuts, the small pieces of cut watermelon peel (red meat portions can leave some) stand. 2 watermelon rind, pork into the pot, add water, star anise, soy sauce, simmer 30 to 40 with the minutes.
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Jade carp production
[Materials] rind 250g, Poria 50g, carp (about 500g), soy sauce, vinegar, salt, MSG, 2 tablespoons salad oil. [Production steps] 1 watermelon rind washed, slashing the surface of the green crust, cut into diamond-shaped pieces. Poria skin wash, wash carp. 2 Heat wok, pour oil, add a little carp fry, then add soy sauce, vinegar, cover and simmer slightly. 3 Join watermelon, Poria and a cup and a half of water, simmer tasty, and finally salt, MSG can pan. [Features] tonic dehumidification, heat jaundice. Chinese watermelon Network: http://www.nccn.cn/ is refreshing watermelon yield, but people with diabetes and ease flatulence forbidden to eat watermelon, watermelon and many high sugar content of the fruit is digested in the intestines instead of the stomach The. Therefore, when those watermelon saliva and food needed for digestion of the stomach with food, watermelon will soon be decomposed in the stomach, and then start the formation of fermentation gases, people feel uncomfortable bloating, for this reason, should watermelon separate from other foods to eat, fasting or eating other foods to eat two hours before eating. The medicinal value of watermelon 1, Summer Acne: green beans 100 grams, add water 1500 ml, soup, 10 minutes to go after boiling green beans, watermelon (without slashing the skin) 500 grams, boiled cooled. Yin Tang, several times a day. Gan Liang Fang green beans, can be swelling under the gas, detoxification; watermelon Ganhan can Qingre, arrests restless thirst. 2, spleen and refreshing: Fresh watermelon rind 100 grams, jujube 10, a total of decoction, when the tea daily. 3, impotence: watermelon Piqie Si, boiled fish, and cooked chicken, lean meat seasoning food filament
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The role of watermelon
[Taste] sweet, cold, non-toxic. Pulp containing protein, glucose, sucrose, fructose, malic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, sucrase, calcium, iron, phosphorus, crude fiber and vitamins (A, B, C) and the like. Paper with wax. The seeds contain fat, protein, and other B vitamins. There eliminate annoying thirst, hot weather heat treatment pharyngitis, wide lower gas, diuresis, cure dysentery, drug hangover, cure mouth sores and so on. Skin and flesh are diuretics, rule nephritis edema, diabetes, jaundice; watermelon Jen clearing the lungs and intestines to help digestion; watermelon frost blowing throat cure sore throat; watermelon root and leaf decoction can cure diarrhea and enteritis; with watermelon green part decoction of tea, is a good refreshing soft drinks, watermelon (Chinese medicine called watermelon Chui Yi) can cure flash back stitch and sore lips. According to another report, there is a Western melon seeds can reduce blood pressure in the material, and to alleviate the symptoms of acute cystitis. Watermelon glycosides also have lower blood pressure. Thus, high blood pressure, nephritis were available for watermelon diet. [Note] watermelon, a cold melon, also called water melon, summer melon, green melon by Deng. As fruit pulp, can be used after fresh salted watermelon rind pickles. Flesh, juice, seeds, skin and roots and leaves can be used as medicine. Watermelon eating raw hot hot weather, there are "natural white tiger soup," said. Folk saying goes: "Summer eating watermelon, drugs do not grasp." This shows that a wide range of disease prevention watermelon, watermelon eating summer, there is a substantial benefit to the human body. But because watermelon is Ganhan goods, usually suffering from chronic colitis, gastritis and duodenal ulcer disease and stomach Deficiency TCM are people should not eat. Cold product Lengtong or frequent urination Shensi. A normal healthy person can not eat too much, because too much moisture will dilute the gastric juice in the stomach, sometimes causing indigestion or diarrhea, but do not eat spoiled melon. Renal dysfunction poor ability to regulate the body's balance, not a lot of time to eat watermelon, too much moisture left in the body, it will increase the burden on the heart and kidneys. Children eating watermelon, not only get rich in nutrients, but also conducive to open the appetite, aid digestion, urinary Lee, promote metabolism, Qushu disease, AIDS body. Ingredients and effectiveness] Watermelon pulp: protein, glucose, sucrose, fructose, malic acid, citrulline, glutamic acid, arginine, phosphoric acid, in the acid, propionic acid, ethylene glycol, betaine, adenine, carotene, carrot Su, tomato hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon hexahydro tomato, vitamins A, B, C, volatile aldehydes containing multiple components. Seeds: oil containing fat, protein, vitamin B2, starch, pentosans, propionic acid, urea, sucrose and the like. Watermelon pulp contains citrulline, arginine ingredients can increase the formation of urea in the rat liver, resulting in diuresis. Seeds containing one soap-like components, have lower blood pressure, relieve acute cystitis can still function. Fresh salted watermelon rind pickles can be used after. Watermelon raw food can quench fluid, hot weather heat irritability. There are "natural white tiger soup," said the Chinese folk saying goes: Summer eating watermelon, drugs do not grasp. Description optimum heat of summer eating watermelon, hot weather not only hot, sweating more, you can also add water, known as the king of summer fruits. In the large temperature difference between day and night, Xinjiang Hami local daytime heat, cold night, the slang goes: North wear coats afternoon threading, embrace the stove eating watermelon. [Taboo] Watermelon is the most natural of natural beverages and nutritious, a lot of benefits to the human body, but although many advantages of watermelon, eat a large or long-term side effects can not be ignored. Ming. Wang Ying "Food Materia Medica" says: watermelon, cold fever, there is born a hundred numbers of tiger soup, nevertheless should not eat. Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: watermelon, melon, are among the cold, secular thought sobering, heart sprinkled nectar, whichever vivre, I do not know to help wet spleen injury victims also. Million. Mr. Allen, "Life Extension book" Cloud: North intrinsic thick man, still accustomed to eat, Penan intrinsic thin, eat more prone to cause cholera. Yun: Chen Feng former prefect of anti-state, summer melon eating too much, to suddenly fall of low back pain, can not move, eat melon are suffering also. Deterioration can not eat watermelon, easy to cause gastrointestinal disease and diarrhea. But clear. Zhang Lu, "This was Fengyuan," says: watermelon, Ganhan drop spilled. Seeds of sweet warm up, the rationale Kaihuo spit of its nature. Also cited "relative sense Chi" goes: after eating watermelon eating its children, that is, not alas melon gas, its temperature and the bulk of the force is known. Fresh fruits cause gastrointestinal too cold abdominal pain who, in the discretion of the soup can be served in the pharmacological treatment. Watermelon benefit the people, though many, careful note of Taiwanese folk slang goes: Day eating watermelon, midnight anti-disease.
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Therapeutic value
Cucurbitaceae herb watermelon fruit. Also known as cold melon, summer melon, water melon. Many varieties, such as Pinghu watermelon, Kaifeng watermelon, watermelon red, watermelon, honey Kazakhstan, early flowering watermelon, melon, etc. Lanzhou than famous. In recent years, seedless watermelon bred more welcomed by the people. Are cultivated all over the country. Summer harvest, washed with fresh (remove seeds), or to peel, seed fresh. [Performance] sweet, cold. To heat hot weather, arrests restless thirst, diuresis. This product is a diuretic, hypotensive effect. [Use] for heat, warm heat Sheng Jin injury sick, up_set_ thirst, or excessive drinking; Firelight on inflammation, red tongue, mouth sores; humid Accumulation coke, yellow urine negative. Now for nephritis edema and hypertension. [Usage] raw food, drink wringer, decoction, or Aogao service. [Note] ferrite spleen and stomach, loose stools or diarrhea and see the patient should not be. [With square] Watermelon juice: Watermelon (red flesh watermelon as well) 500g, take flesh wringer, except except drink. From the "Materia Medica." The parties to watermelon Qingwei heat, arrests restless thirst. For stomach wounds, dry tongue and throat, up_set_ thirsty. "Danxi Heart", said: "cure mouth sores worse, slowly drink with watermelon pulp." Usage, although the former is no different, but mainly clear diarrhea Firelight.
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Watermelon eating to lose weight
Watermelon detoxification beauty wonders, but that is a very high sugar content of the fruit, easily converted to fat. But you can eat more sugar watermelon in the middle part, and the choice to eat watermelon red and white, in the summer, and even cook with watermelon, watermelon salad as: not only refreshing, but also beauty and weight loss.
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Poem "Watermelon Yin"
Rooted barren pudgy, heat trained crimson heart. Faced with a long knife on the day of laughter, sweet dedication serve our people. - (Anping) Zhang True Watermelon Yin - [Song] Tianxiang Kim pulled out his sword, chop break Cang Yu Ping. Thousand points of red cherry, a group citrine. In addition to swallow Dayton pyrotechnic gas, into the teeth of it as snow sound.
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Wikipedia Encyclopedia
xigua Watermelon Citrullus lanatus Gourd family (Cucurbitaceae) Watermelon is an annual herbaceous vine. Mainly in fruits and seeds for food. Origin Africa, Egypt, four or five thousand years of cultural history. When introduced to China yet verified. According to "The New History of the Five Shii Appendix" said: Khitan Uighur was broken watermelon seed, watermelon seen from Liaohe, Xinjiang passed this area is more than 1,000 years ago.宋范成 big "Shek Wu word" Note says:. "Watermelon north of the swallow species, Henan are kind of" instructions have been planted when the Northern Song watermelon southward. Is now widely cultivated in the country, accounting for total output in the world. Watermelon shape and type of root system, buried deep, wide distribution. Vine health, the differences between the leaf axillary tendrils, stems, leaves densely hairy. Leaves deep notch. Unisexual flowers, hermaphrodite. Corolla yellow, ovary inferior, 3. Gourd fruit, multiple embryos; placenta (commonly known as flesh) juicy, edible part. Fruit round or oval, dark green skin color, green, white or green belt serpentine. Flesh juicy, rich in sugar, flesh-colored dark red, pink, yellow or white. China cultivated with fruit and watermelon seeds include two types. The former is an ordinary watermelon, melon-shaped large, sweet flesh; latter watermelon seeds (known as melon), the fruit is small, thick-skinned, flesh tasteless, large seeds. By ecological watermelon can be divided into: Northwest ecological, eco-North, South China and East China ecotype ecotype. The first two types require dry, bright, melon-shaped large; ability humid than the latter two types of melon-shaped small. Turpan, Xinjiang, Gansu, Lanzhou, Kaifeng, Henan, Shandong, Texas, Baoding, Hebei, Zhejiang Pinghu, Guangxi Wuming, Teng County, Panyu, Guangdong, Jiangxi Fuzhou known as the traditional areas. Chromosome number 2 □ = 22. Triploid watermelon is formed by artificial mutation ordinary diploid and tetraploid watermelon watermelon hybrids prepared from highly infertility, does not bear seeds, flesh taste particularly sweet. Cultivation of watermelon hi hot dry climate. Growth optimum temperature 25 ~ 30 ℃, susceptible to chilling injury when 6 ~ 10 ℃. January average temperature above 19 ℃ month throughout the year more than three months before the line open field cultivation areas. Is a long-day plants, hi light, light saturation point of 80 000 lux. Suitable for hot and dry weather, drought and strong, requires well-drained, deep sandy loam soil. Appropriate soil pH5 ~ 7. Chinese watermelon cultivated variety of ways. Are exposed to are the Northwest dry pond cultivation and sand fields cultivated in North flat furrow cultivation, south of the Yangtze River Takakuro cultivation, etc.; belong to protected areas of Beijing wind barrier cultivation, Baoding reed hair cultivation and mulching, plastic greenhouse cultivation, greenhouse cultivation and so on. Whether exposed or protected cultivation, were first protected nursery in the spring and then planting. Basal organic fertilizer, superphosphate and potassium can increase with the sugar content of the fruit. Planting density is generally 500 to 600 acres planted. North line pruning, a one vine a melon; South China not pruning, more than one multi-melon vine. From sowing to harvest about 80 to 120 days, from the female flowers to fruit ripening open about 30 to 50 days. The main diseases are blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew, the main pests are aphids, species of flies, melon, etc. The main purpose for the summer fruit watermelon fruit. Ripe fruit contains large amounts of water, the sugar content of flesh meat is generally 5 to 12%, including glucose, fructose and sucrose. Late sweetness of sucrose increases with maturation increases. Almost no starch, sugar sweetness due to dual solution is reduced monosaccharides during storage after harvest. Seeds can be used for cakes and sweetmeats, watermelon rind can be processed into butter. In medicine to medicine melon juice and rind, functional Qingshu antipyretic. (Zouzu Shen)
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English Expression
: water melon
n.: melon, watermelon, water-melon, large smooth-skinned melon with juicy pink or red flesh and black seeds
French Expression
n. pastèque
Thesaurus
melon Community
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cookbook
Shanxi speciality
Shanxi local (native) product
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mix
hull
pickle
feast
the Han nationality
the Ghost Festival on the 15th day of the seventh moon