prefecture-level city : Shaanxi > Xi'an City



Show Map Contents ·行政区划代码 ·百科辞典 ·Thesaurus ·Related Phrases ·Containing Phrases ·More results... 行政区划代码 　　610100 百科辞典 　　Xi’an Shi 　　西安市 　　Xi’an Shi 　　　　陕西省省会,中国七大古都之一，历史文化名城,西北地区最大城市和经济、 文化、 交通中心。古称长安。位于关中平原中部,陇海铁路线上。辖7区及长安、高陵、临潼县、户县、周至、蓝田6县。面积9983平方公里,人口608.89万;其中市区面积1066平方公里,人口275.67万。 　　　　西安从西周起，先后有秦、西汉、前赵、前秦、后秦、西魏、北周、隋、唐等王朝建都于此，历时千余年。大齐（黄巢）和大顺（李自成）等农民起义政权亦建立于此。西汉和唐代长安城为当时统一的多民族国家的政治、经济和文化中心，世界著名大都市。唐代长安城市规模之宏大，规划布局之严谨，建筑艺术之精湛，科学水平之发达，在东方历史上首屈一指，堪与西欧罗马城相媲美。唐以后，长安虽失去都城的地位，但仍为中国西北地区的军事重镇和陕西省的重心。 　　　　西安一名始于明洪武二年(1369)；洪武七年(1374)开始在唐长安皇城基础上，建筑周长11.9公里、呈长方形的西安城。城墙高12米，顶宽12～14米。墙面用青砖包砌，厚重坚实，四面各开一门，城门上建有城楼、箭楼、闸楼、巍峨凌空、气势雄伟。城楼与箭楼之间有瓮城，城四角有角楼,雉堞相连,有敌楼98座。城内有钟楼、鼓楼、寺观、庙宇、府邸、宅院等古建筑。清代曾将西安城约1/3的东北隅(钟楼至北门,钟楼至东门)划为满城,1911年后满城焚毁。其后在东大街修建商铺，商业中心方由南院门移此。1928年划西安城及长安县部分地区设立西安市，并在原满城重建新市区。1934年陇海铁路通车到西安。新市区以东发展为工业区。城西北隅有大片回民聚居区。今西安市是以明、清西安城为中心扩建而成的。自50年代初期起，对旧城实行保护与改造的方针，保持其特定的城市风格。除旧城及旧城的东、西、南为主要生活居住区外，城北主要为铁路仓库区和铁路职工住宅区。城南是文教区，拥有大专院校30余所。50年代末期开辟了东北郊辛家庙、阎良、三桥等工业区。城东□河东岸已形成“纺织城”，西郊建设了“电工城”，西南郊出现了“电子城”。阎良区是全国最大的航空科研、生产基地。此外还有化工、冶金、缝纫、食品、建材等多种工业部门。经过多年建设，西安已由原来以精密机械和轻纺工业为主的工业城市发展成为现代化的综合性工业城市。 　　　　市境地处“八百里秦川”的中心，气候温和，半湿润，1月均温-1.3℃，7月26.7℃，年均温13.6℃，年降水量580毫米，东有灞河、□河,西有沣河、□河,曲流环绕，地势平旷，灌溉便利，土地肥沃。 　　　　 西安古城墙和护城河 　　　　西安是华北、华东联系西北、西南陆空交通的重要枢纽。通过横贯市区的陇海铁路，衔接京广、宝成、成渝、包兰、兰新等铁路，西(安)延(安)铁路已于1991年贯通。公路联接省内各地与邻省。西（安）临（潼）高速公路已于1990年底通车。民航班机联系全国各大城市及省内延安、榆林、汉中和安康等地。1982年开辟了西安至香港的航线。 　　　　西安市内及其附近地区保留有丰富瑰丽的文物古迹和光辉灿烂的文化遗产。西安碑林收藏有从汉到清的碑石千余块;历史博物馆的文物藏品近3000件。此外,有周沣镐遗址、秦阿房宫遗址、汉长安城、未央宫、唐大明宫、兴庆宫和兴教寺、香积寺、青龙寺等历史古迹、遗址和古建筑。唐兴庆宫遗址已建成市内最大的公园。西安明城墙则是中国保护较完整、规模最宏大的古城堡，自1983年起开始进行第三次大规模的维修，把包括西安城墙、 护城河、 环城林在内的地区建成富有古城风貌、秀丽优美的环城公园。名闻中外的永宁门（南门）一组古建筑已修复开放。城南大雁塔、小雁塔亦为全国重点文物保护单位。还有半坡博物馆、闻名于世的秦始皇陵(见临潼县)兵马俑坑以及历代帝王陵墓群几十处。主要革命纪念地有八路军西安办事处纪念馆和“西安事变”旧址等。并有骊山温泉和翠华天池等风景名胜。西安已成为驰名国内外的旅游城市。 　　　　 （李健超） 　　　　 Thesaurus Xi'an, Xi'an Village Related Phrases campus campus ligong knowledge factory coeducation Shaanxi Province Education examination class Model class College school schoolboy junior middle school middle school Northwestern University Chang'an District south School district China Institution zone Academy of Science fengyukou Troubadour center Xi'an city sequence Troubadour center mark New Street Salt companies Salt Bureau More results... 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