Peony, Yong Rong Huagui, beautiful exquisite is the king of flowers, the garden has always been regarded as treasures, the national flower of China, and China has been regarded as wealth, good fortune, happiness, a symbol of prosperity. Thousands of years, she not only for its national colors to the world Tianzi Zhenghui garden, still left many in the arts to share memorable attractions of excellence, she is the object of ancient Chinese poets chant, it would be seen as the embodiment of a happy and ideal enthusiastic praise, words left many popular articles. Regardless of Peony another name mouse, deer leek, white peony dried wood per two gold, another Luoyang flowers, flowers and flower rich king of the name Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica," said: "The Peony Dan Israel preferred, although the root knot seedlings so that the peony. peony is not only a high ornamental value, but also very important medicinal value, peony root and skin are valuable medicines. peony or two years after the original wild artificial cultivation, has developed into thousands of species of large family. Heze Caozhou ancient name is known as "strong Xiongzhi County", "one city" reputation. Here Tianbao, old times, history is not absolutely, Caozhou peony planting hundreds of years of history. Song Peony Luoyang as the more self-evident starting center has been moved to Caozhou planting. Development so far, Heze to have hundreds of varieties, thousands of acres of peony fields, before and after each Guyu, Caozhou Peony unfamiliar with footpath access, if the steam-Xia Yan, a magnificent, called the Chinese the most. Heze is the world's largest and most varieties of peony production base, research base, export base and ornamental base. The existing cultivated area of 5 hectares, nine colors, more than 600 varieties, and marketing in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, more than 100 cities and exports to Japan, France, Canada and more than 20 countries and regions. Elegant peony, Seyan fragrant with one flower style, at the 99 'Kunming International Horticultural Exposition scored 81 awards. Peony Peony history also called Caozhou. Its flower is big, colorful, type the United States, Shannon and "A four seas." Peony is characterized by upright branches that cause, leaves lush and diverse, elegant flowers, known as the ornamental peony top grade.
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Peony Little information:
Peony native to China, known as "Exquisite" "king of flowers." The flower is big, colorful, type of beauty, magnificent, Yong Rong Huagui. Since ancient times, our people, as the peony for peace, happiness, a symbol of wealth.
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Peony History:
Peony in China has 1900 years of cultural history. Medicinal plants recorded in the Han Dynasty, "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing"; Sui Dynasty, the North has a lot of planting; Tang, Sheng implanted in Changan, China; the Northern Song Dynasty, Luoyang peony is world crown; the Southern Song Dynasty, peony cultivation began to move south central Sichuan Peng days Peony following, there has been "little Luoyang," said. Days after the Bozhou Peony Peony Pang has also been very popular. Still later, "Bozhou loneliness, and noted the return Caozhou event" ("Cao County") "to the next, Caozhou Peony A in the four seas" (Qing Su Yu Mei's "CAO South Peony spectrum"). "CAO South" refers to this Heze area. Peony has been difficult to be investigated when planting begins. As early as recorded in the Southern Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty Jiajing, cultivation has been Sheng. More prosperity to the Qing Dynasty, cultivated area has reached acres, was built a few at the Peony Garden, especially the "Sang Lei Garden," "fragrant garden", "Yi Park" the most famous Peony play the leading role in the history of the Chinese peony 500 years, and now peony cultivation area has reached 50,000 acres. "CAO South Peony spectrum" _set_: "to Tsao Ming Peony A in the Inner Deep South." Qing Dynasty that is, "Heze Peony," said. Peony is a different style of Ming and Qing Dynasties, a dozen different sizes developed on the basis of Peony Garden, such as the Daoguang reign of Zhao Garden, Lei Sang Park, founded in Mao Ming Garden, and then Iron Chenopodium Walled Garden, Spring Garden, military door garden. County records at the time: "Each to mid-spring flowers hair, winding east out of the city, even the footpath access street, Yan Xia, if the steam." At the same time, let the winter peony Daoguangnianjian open technology also came the Qing Dynasty, became Heze flower of a stunt. Growers through the strict control of temperature, humidity, light and air conditioning, so that winter peony and development, the Spring Festival in full bloom. Peony is a vast acreage, acreage in history when he reached up to five acres, in 1976 there are three thousand acres of investigation, one is east of the "Caozhou Peony Garden" covers an area of acres to the current Peony planting of about twenty thousand acres. Mid-April to early May each year flowering time, one thousand ares Peony, endless, varied and contests, like paradise on earth in general. Peony across the country now, most of them are transported by the Heze go. After the liberation, the Party and strong government support, the development Heze Peony. Yan Yi traditional varieties constantly increasing variety of new education. Today, people are studying successful Heze "field forcing" technology, manual control of flowering peony, flowering seasons can make it, and passed the national identification. At present, the planting area has reached twenty thousand acres, for the country's largest peony production, scientific research base. 1982, in Zhao F, Li _set_, focused on producing any building built Peony "Caozhou Peony Garden" Wang Lei Song Zhuang Art returned to the preparation of animals for the characteristics of the "Ancient Garden", which has shed Hung Temple traditional varieties, "the garden." In recent years, the field of Heze Peony supply several million trees each year, more than 200 varieties, are sold to Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, Luoyang, Xi'an, and other major cities and Hong Kong and Macao, but also exported to Japan, Korea, the Soviet Union, the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries and regions.
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Peony research:
Peony fruitful scientific research. Flower early in the first session of the National Leather Fair, breeding new varieties of peony, peony flower induction technology field, new varieties of peony research to get the third National Technology Progress Award, winning the country's total number of scientific research in the first peony . January 97, 14, Peony scientific research of the fourth through national identification. Only this time, there are new varieties of peony cultivation, soilless culture desk Peony, Peony temperature hot items at the screening, Dan Feng grafting ornamental peony seedling production in the commercial application of research potted peony, peony varieties of cut flowers _select_ion, breeding new varieties of peonies and other outcomes through the identification of seven, is one of the largest scientific research through the peony. Among them, the five leading domestic level, marking the Peony research and breakthroughs. Thereby enhancing the aesthetic value of the peony, peony cultivation broaden the scope and application, to a certain extent solved the problem of rapid propagation of rare species, has opened up new ways of peony households, created a convergence with the international flower industry conditions. Commended by the Vice Chairman Chen Muhua. Peony is also a major international award-winning flower show again and again, reputation home and abroad. In the first, second, third and fourth national flower leather Fair, Heze Peony won gold, silver, bronze, scientific and technological progress awards, high-quality exhibits will count 26; in three Hong Kong Flower Show, the Heze Peony caused a sensation, Awards won one first prize of three; Bordeaux in France and the United States International Flower Expo leather Pittsburgh International Invention Expo, respectively, won the contest out of silver and silver Peony dried flowers. Bo was the fourth national flower, peony play the leading role in winning only a "special attraction will be" and six individual awards. Especially in China 99 'Kunming International Horticultural Exposition, peony branch pressure of the pack, took first place, won the 119 individual awards in the Peony 81, accounting for 68%. Including three awards, Heze "Caozhou Peony Garden" and "Joe Son Red" Peony each won one; 12 Gold, Peony "black courtesan", "Caozhou red" and the removal of 10; 36 Silver Peony " Hong Hu, "" Lan Tian "and brought 26; 60 Bronze, Peony," Joe Flower II "," yellow courtesan "and won 43. Evaluation of expert judges agreed: "Heze Peony large, color complex, full bloom, is worthy of Exquisite Beauty."
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Peony economic value:
Peony in Heze is an economic crop. It has high ornamental value In addition, there are high economic value and medicinal value. "Heze County," contains: "peony up to hundreds of species, planting of natives, frequently hundreds of acres, and profits high in grains." "Every year, tied the natives _set_ out in retaliation, the South floating Fujian and Guangdong, the North to go capital, to the thickness value to return. " Extracted from peony peony pollen is rare fine spices, brewed with peony peony wine, not only distinctive peony has a unique flavor, vigorous and there are light, refreshing the role of eyesight, is a high tonic share. The processed root of peony called "Pae", is an important medicinal herbs, slightly cold, hard taste, into the heart, liver, kidney three classics, there is heat, blood circulation, stasis and other functions. Heze paeonol known as the "Cao Dan," thick-skinned, pink feet, good quality, very tight in the market, is one of the four major producing areas paeonol.
Heze Peony rich, with the climate and water are not unrelated. Heze Caozhou ancient name, is located in the north temperate zone, the Yellow River alluvial plain, fertile soil, half sand silt half, four seasons, rainfall, climate, rainfall, soil, etc., is very suitable for the growth of peonies, so Heze Peony after transplantation, to themselves, and excel the predecessors.
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Peony varieties:
Peony Peony species are the Central Plains, color colorful, ever-changing pattern. Heze Peony has now developed into a pink color, red (with purple), purple, blue, yellow, white, black, green, re-color the total nine color, the colors are deep, short, thick of the points. According to the evolution of male and female flowers form and extent, divided into single lobe type, Lotus type, chrysanthemum type, Gui-based care, rose type, Circle type, crown type, hydrangea-type, dry Tai Ge type, floor, spent ten sub-Cabinet type type. In China, a large family, Peony, Peony are nearly 800 varieties, named by the National Association spent more than 600 varieties. Traditionally, three types of ten-and nine colors. Flowers large, the type the United States, colorful, is a distinctive feature of peony. The ancients have used "spend Ying Chi" to describe the large; "one thousand red rotten rotten Ying-Xia, Huang Huang one hundred purple-red lamps," is described as having magnificent. Is ill with three types of peony, complex valve, one thousand. Univalve class, take as big as a plate; complex flap type, flap in the clear; one thousand categories, dense overlapping petals. Peony is a type of lotus-type ten, chrysanthemum-type, gold core type, rose type, Circle type, Gui-based care, Melaleuca Taiwan Pavilion type, floor, sub-Cabinet-type units, crown type and Hydrangea type. Peony in nine colors are red, white, yellow, black, pink, purple, blue, green, and complex color. 1, red flower department, is the Peony Garden of the large family, as many as 200 species, of which there are shades of the points. As "a product Zhu Yi", scarlet desire flow, aromatic crown flowers; "Chun tender and beautiful" glow possession date, from the glory land; "red hydrangeas," the depth of white, blush dyed. 2 Department of yellow flowers, such as "Yao Huang", "Jin cross chapter", dignified and elegant, exquisite appearance posture. 3 Department of white flowers, such as "curling offer Jade", "Kunshan luminous", "white jade plate," such as Su Jie flawless, fresh very hot; 4, blue line, though not of the red flower varieties. It also has sister groups. "Sapphire" and "Blue courtesan," "purplish blue Kwai," "hanging branches Blue," "cold blue", "Lantian" Peony are among the top grade, this "Lantian" is the flower Caozhou Zhao Qing Tamada made carefully nurtured. Supported by this flower-shaped opening, large round buds, flowers were pink when the blue flowers on straight, blue, shiny, very likable. At that time, held Caozhou prefect caravan to spend much appreciated this, he personally wrote, "like blue, such as pine" plaque awarded Zhao Yutian. 5 Department of pink flowers is a major branch in the Peony Garden. "Pastel Ball", "Yung Face Powder," "pink emerald ball", "race struggle Pearl," "Cuie Concubine", "pink dragon lying pool", which are famous peony flowers. Another example is "Zhao flour", slightly curved Zhigan, thick stalk, yellow green leaves, round, pointed buds, side opening, large flowers, delicate petals and tidy, array given a fresh, exceptionally attractive . 6 Department of purple flowers in a wide variety of peony, with the exception of Wei UV, and "Ge towel Purple," "Grand Order", "Purple Cloud Golden", "Bunning Purple" and so on. "Bunning Purple" is the flower Zhaobang Ning Ming Caozhou crystallization of years of hard work. 7, green, black and colored flowers complex system, such as "blue green" "black jade world crown", "two Joe", etc., it is odd outstanding color, do not have generations to come. Colors are dozens or hundreds of varieties, different styles and each club charm.
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Peony follow the principles of classification:
Peony Cultivars Classification principle Peony species classification methods are more and more to suit the past, the petals of the flower or flowers are classified, and the recent order pattern classification method has been widely used. Practice has proved that the former dharmas albeit concise and practical, but said that I can fully melon varieties and species of the changes between the inner and contact. The pattern classification was able to co-ordinated, not only convenient, practical, and can reflect the evolution of species and species of the rules I Law, thus become an important guiding production and classification of research methods. Basis for species classification Throughout the origin and development of tree peony cultivars, the heart of the evolution of species to deepen the process of the way, but also by the test of practice, to determine the species classification system can be divided into departments (including sub-department), group, class (including sub-categories), type 4 . And the basis of the following categories: group is a variety of different sub-source "line" first and foremost based on: participation in the different species within the group is divided into "sub-line" basis. A variety of different types of sub-source "group" the main basis. Flowers flowers composed of the number of species into "class" the main basis. Floral structure and genetic variation in the degree of good varieties of the last minutes, "type" of main basis. Varieties of flowers to modify the new system of classification The system is divided into three series (with 4 sub-lines), 12 group, Class 2 (with 4 sub-categories), 16. Now revised breakdown of the new system in the post: The first class standard by line and subline Peony system (tree peony series) Peony group includes the main heart of the original species by species group of the main reasons for the parent species of hybrid offspring group. Peony varieties available at home and abroad belong to this system. Divided again into two sub-systems. (1) Peony Asian Department (tree peony subseries) Origin of the original species by a variety of development and the formation of groups, such as cultivation of a wide range of medicinal, "Feng Dan" species system, the former Poplar Hill are made of peony cultivation. Western countries also cultivated varieties of rock's variety systems are basically the original direct training from Paeonia species. (2) hybrid peony subline (hybrid subseries of tree peony) Most of the original species by the formation of hybrid progeny developed groups. As my most varieties, planting species most widely distributed group of the Central Plains and the U.S. saunders purple ink system peony varieties systems group and France lemoine yellow peony varieties group, are involved in by the majority of the original species and cultivated hybrids. Paeonia Department (herb peony series) Paeonia group includes all the major varieties of indigenous species by major groups and the original parent species and hybrids cultivated hybrid groups. The next two sub-systems department. (3) peony subline (herb peony subseries) Origin and Development of the original species by a variety of groups formed. Prevalent in Western countries such as the cultivation of cut flower peony, that is, medicinal peony (Paeonia, also known as the Netherlands paenonia officinalis) varieties from cultivation groups. There are bred to p.wittmanniana as parents of many early flowering yellow univalve "Wittmann's" Department of varieties of groups and so on. Chinese peony species is essentially a peony (p.lactiflora) nurtured. (4) hybrid peony subline (hybrid subseries of herb peony) By a majority of the original species and their variants involved in the formation of hybrid progeny groups. European countries currently popular cultivated varieties of the genus Paeonia. Peony Paeonia hybrids (hybrid series of herb peony and tree peony) The second class standard "group" by Peony Asian Department under the "group" Source more clearly, and has been applied in production there are two groups. (1) Paeonia species group (cultivar group of rockii tree peony) As mentioned above, basically show a species of Paeonia descendants of the original group. Their common feature is the form the base of each petal has a distinctive purple or dark purple ink large plaque, stigma, filament and the room clothing (face plate) showed a white, narrow leaf. (2) Yang Shan peony species group (cultivar group of ostii tree peony) Peony merely descendants of Yang Shan groups, that is mainly cultivated medicinal "Feng Dan" species system groups. They all have their original species of tall upright branches, internode length, leaf narrow edge of the small notch; flowers flat, neat and so on. Peony Asian hybrid system under the "group" According to different kinds of sources, for 7 groups. (3) China Northwest Peony Cultivar Group (cultivar group of tree peony from northwest china) This is mainly Paeonia blood and blood containing short peony hybrids groups. In addition to the base of the petals of the species groups are common features in addition to its obvious purple, and some varieties of leaf short wide efforts to reach some of the filaments, stigma and the Housing clothes are purple, with the characteristics of dwarf peony. The other narrow leaf varieties, filament, stigma and clothing showed white room, with the characteristics of Paeonia. Gansu region in China at present cultivated varieties of the genus, about 100 varieties. (4) China Zhongyuan Peony Cultivar Group (cultivar group of tree peony from central plains of china) This is a short time with the ancient Zhongyuan Peony Peony south adapt to local customs and conditions after the formation of species, each other to form hybrid offspring groups. (5) South peony species group (cultivar group of tree peony from south yangtse river of china) Yang Shan is when the Central Plains and the ancient Peony Peony south adapt to local customs and conditions after the formation of species, each other to form hybrid offspring groups. (6) group in southwest China peony varieties (cultivar group of tree from southwest china) The source of the more complex variety of groups, the small number of current varieties, planting scattered distribution, pending further research, now only retains its position in the classification (see above II.) (7) Department of peony varieties of French lemoine group (cultivar group of franch lemoine tree peony serises) Mainly by the purple and yellow peonies peony and dwarf varieties of peony in the original yellow cross fostered groups of the Department of hybrids. Europe and Japan, the current culture of the "Golden Akira", "Le Conte" and other varieties of the genus. Some cities also have a small amount of introduction and cultivation. (8) The United States Department of peony varieties saunders group (cultivar group of america saunders tree peony serieses) Mainly by the purple peony, yellow peony and peony varieties of hybrid and Japan ink purple cultivated hybrid offspring groups. Such as "Black Pirate", "Golden Age", which are well-known hybrids. (9) Japanese Tree Peony Group (cultivar group of japanese tree peony) Although the earliest Japanese Peony passed by the Tang Dynasty in China, but after a long-term genetic improvement, especially since the Edo period, the work of the rapid development of improved varieties and to a "Japanese style" breeding of the road, and encouraged many to adapt to local conditions and customs favorite species, and gradually formed a unique group of Japanese peony varieties. Bright colors, plena of the not very strong, more flat and tidy flower, stalk well connected, flap thickness and so the quality of its main features. Paeonia sublines (herb peony subseries) Currently there are three relatively clear groups. (10) peony cultivar groups (cultivar group of herb peony) Mainly by the country of origin China, Japan and North Korea's common peony (p.albiflora) foster the development of the offspring formed groups, but also the first group of gardening. Chinese peony varieties of existing representatives. (11) varieties of medicinal peony group (cultivar group of tenuous-leaves herb peony) Also known as the Dutch cut flower peony Paeonia species or group of primarily native to southern Europe, western Asia, the natural raw medicinal peony (Paeonia Netherlands) to develop and form the offspring groups. Mainly used for cut flowers, widely cultivated in Europe, and applications, rich in color than the former. (12) species Paeonia tenuifolia group (cultivar group of tenuous-leaves herb peony) _ Mainly by the European origin of the original species Paeonia tenuifolia class training developed p.anamala or p.tenuifolia offspring groups. Particularly p.tenuifolia offspring groups, leaves Kuanjin 0.2cm, is a precious species Egeria class group should be applied as a flower bed. Paeonia hybrid sub-system (hybricd subseries of herb peony) Europe and the United States within this century, breeders in the group of peony plants a lot of breeding work, has bred many new varieties of herbaceous peony hybrids, one of the most remarkable is the U.S. hybrid peony. (13) New americ hybrid peony cultivar groups (cultivar group of american herb peony) This is multiple sources and varieties of interspecific hybridization and the formation of progeny groups. There p.albiflora and the main parent and its sibling species p.lobata p.officinalis and p.macrophylla and so on. These hybrid peony greatly improved and enriched the original peony varieties of color and flower type, very beautiful. The third class was divided into Category 2 standard, 4 subgroups Within each species group based on the number of petals from flowers, Class 2 and 4 by the following sub-categories. Single Flower (single-flower section) pattern composed by a single flower. (1) Melaleuca subtypes (hundred-petals subsection) Petals as the main source of natural increase, and was ordered to the heart-type layers. Petals at the beginning of similar, smaller layer by layer from outside to inside. Stamens with petals corresponding increase or decrease or disappear only in a small amount of bother at the flap of the phenomenon: the pistil is normal or degradation. All flowers and tidy flat. (2) F sub-sub-class (crown subsection) Petals to stamens valve into the main source of large external flap Stretch, about 2-4: the main valve from the inside by the centrifugal stamens of development from the outside flap. Flap of the flap or more narrow or finely wrinkled, curled: pistil or degradation of normal or flap of the disappeared, the shape of flowers, tall tower, or uplift. Taiwan Pavilion Flowers (proliferate-flower section) flower or two from the two or more overlapping of the single flower from top to bottom. 2 under the sub-sub-categories. (3) Melaleuca Taiwan Pavilion subgroups (hundred proliferate-flower subsection) by the Melaleuca within the two sub-categories or two or more overlapping from a single flower down the various flowers. (4) Floor Cabinet sub-station sub-categories (crown proliferate-flower subsection) Sub-sub-category from the floor within two or two or more single-flower composed of overlapping down the flowers. Grade IV standard division, a total of 16 Because of the various sub-categories in the different number of petals or stamens flap because of the degree of difference can be divided into the following 16: Melaleuca sub-category of the flowers (1) single lobe type (single form) Petals 1-3, wide, Zhang exhibition, widely ovate to ovate or obovate oval: normal pistil and stamen: sturdy and strong. (2) Lotus-type (lotus form) Petals 4-5, form a large, neat line: normal pistil and stamen. Open, the petals slightly inward hold, the shape of lotus flowers. (3) daisy-shaped (chrysanthemum form) Petals 6 or more, arranged in layers from the outside in and gradually become smaller. Normal stamens, or in helping them reduce the number of petals at the phenomenon of a small amount: pistil is normal. (4) Rose-type (rose form) Petal height increases, since the arrangement of outer to inner layers and significantly smaller: stamens mostly disappeared, a small amount of residue in the efforts to reach the place of political parties sometimes stamens or petals of a small amount was mixed with bits of broken petals: a political party or a little flap of the pistil, or degradation. Building sub-sub-category of the flowers (5) gold core-type (golden-stamen form) Outer petals 2-3, wide, spreading: stamens anther significantly increased, thicker filaments, all the gold was brighter: pistil is normal. (6) GUI-based care (amenone form) Outer petals 2-3, wide flat; stamens of full flap, flap of the flap long, erect; pistil or degradation of smaller political parties. (7) Circle type (golden-circle form) Outer petals 2-3, wide; stamens of most of the flap, left alone outside the circle of political parties around the stamens, petals, showing off Golden Circle; pistil or degradation of a political party or smaller flap. (8) Crown-type (crown form) Large outside flap of civilians; stamens of all the flap, flap of the more recent drugs from outside to inside flap at the more generous heart, and sometimes also mixed with a small amount of rubbing stamens gradual degradation of the heart was completely degraded than the related stamens; pistil or degradation of the smaller flap or completely disappeared, the whole flower tall, the shape of the crown. (9) Hydrangea type (globular form) Stamens all highly flap, and its outer flap of the flap and flap size, shape approximation, difficult to distinguish. Pistil or degradation of the sophisticated valve smaller or completely disappear. All full flower, shaped like a hydrangea. Melaleuca Taiwan Pavilion sub-categories of the flowers (10) Lotus Tai Ge type (lotus proliferate-flower form) Lotus-type by the two overlapping single flower from top to bottom. The type of the peony in a small number of species. (11) Chrysanthemum Flower Bed House type (chrysanthemum proliferate-flower form) By the two types of single-flower chrysanthemum overlap from top to bottom. Made a slight flap under the pistil of flowers, was born in the top of the flowers around. Top of the flower development is not sufficient, the small number of petals, pistil and stamen normal. (12) Rose Tai Ge type (rose proliferate-flower form) By the two or two or more single-flower roses from top to bottom overlap. Below the flower petals of the pistil, the flap of the flap with a variety of shape and color, sometimes green and sometimes purple with green stripes were green with purple stripes or color flap, but also completely normal petals were those due to the degree of valve different varieties. Top of the flower development as the former, stamens less, sometimes a small flap of the pistil, or degradation of, or slightly smaller flap. Cabinet sub-categories sub-station floor, the flowers (13), Guangxi and Taiwan Pavilion care type (anemone proliferate-flower form) Guangxi-based care by the two upper and lower overlapping from a single flower. Top of the flower development is not sufficient, fickleness, and stamens at the often small amount of residual normal or smaller degradation of the pistil. The flowers in the peony varieties are less number. (14) Circle Tai Ge type (golden circle proliferate-flower form) Or 2 by the two types of sound to spend more gold rings from top to bottom overlap. Development of good Ibid. (15) Crown Court station type (crown proliferate-flower form) Or two from the above two types of single-flower crown overlap from top to bottom. Flower development under the full, complete flap of stamen, pistil and present a variety of sophisticated color flap valve (like the 14-type color flap); top of the flower development than full, but sometimes bother to bring a small amount of residual stamens, pistils smaller or degraded disappear. (16) Hydrangea Tai Ge type (globular proliferate-flower form) Or two from the above two types of single-flower hydrangea overlap from top to bottom. Development of upper and lower single flowers are full. Stamens are elongated flap of the flap and the normal petal same broadening. The pistil is also below the flower petals into the normal petals, pistils and petals of flowers at the top or degradation. All flower ball.
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Peony Flower:
"To take for the media, make friends, the Government _set_ up the stage, economic and trade operas." In 1992, the State Council approved, Heze hosted the first "Heze International Peony Fair", invited North Korea, Japan, the United States, France, Germany etc. more than national experts, academics and businessmen to participate in flower. Also organized a large-scale orders will peony will Peony to the world. Caozhou Nongyan cloud "look toward Guyu three Peony." During the annual flower show has millions of foreign visitors, artists, writers, calligraphers, reporters, photographers, artists embroidery, printing design and patriotic overseas compatriots, foreign friends and local residents gathered in Huaxiang Heze, watch this "spends a great Ying Chi "Peony, and to discuss economic and trade cooperation. Peony King will open, colorful, Xiangpiao few years, the crowded, the Department of Adult and a sea of flowers, very popular. Is described as "only true country Peony color, bloom season, moving the capital," "flowers bloom on the 20th, a city of everyone Fucking." Currently, the Heze International Peony Fair has been held 14 sessions, import and export turnover to more than three hundred million U.S. dollars, an average of more than 800 people each to be foreign. Heze Peony current share of sales accounted for 85% of the country, has become a pillar industry in Heze. Peony in the market economy, also successfully take on the "investment to revitalize the economy," the important role of the media. Since 1992, Heze Prefectural Party Committee, Administrative Office, "to the flowers for the media, make friends, culture, stage, trade singing" purposes, has been successfully held the Tenth International Peony Fair, and achieved remarkable economic and social benefits. Third, the promotion of the urban construction and management levels. Flowers from the host since the construction has been rapid development Heze city, a marked improvement in appearance of the city.
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Peony honors:
In 2000, Heze China Flower Association is named "hometown of Chinese Peony." In 2006, Heze was named "Chinese Peony City." Honorary Chairman of China Calligraphy Association, the famous calligrapher worked Peony with brush Shu under the title "Caozhou Peony." Mr. Pujie had been left for the Peony "best in the world of Hong" in calligraphy. Peony has been made into a TV by the press, movies. News documentary, "South Mountain" in the praise: "Heze Peony, and the world out of Heze Peony."
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Peony Park Name:
Zhao F, Peony Garden Into the simple and elegant, a letter "Caozhou Peony Garden" (Shu book with Masters) color arch, is the Peony Garden Zhao floor. The total area of 24 square kilometers of the park, there are more than 400 varieties of peony, peony more than 200 varieties. Park has a novel and unique classical architecture "of flower floor," Mr. Pujie front of a hand-written "best in the world Xiang" and comfortable with the master handwriting "Caozhou Peony," the stone. Peony is also a plastic garden fairy statue. Every year, spring, even the footpath access street, colorful, contests, and confusing. Each year millions of visitors come to view flowers. The Peony Garden and more in the breeding work has been bringing out "pink in the crown", "black jade world crown," "Purple Yaotai" and other well-known varieties. Caozhou the garden Peony has a long history. Heze peony cultivation and Cao also known as the South Caozhou Peony Peony. "CAO South Peony spectrum" _set_: "to the Ming and Cao A in the South at home and Peony." Jin Ming Shi Xiezhao Zhejiang Wanli three decades in the "five miscellaneous ZU" wrote: "I have Puzhou CAO South all the way, Barry among the welcoming aroma of the nose, cover every family in all plants of the garden plot, if the vegetables Ran. "eleven years of the dynasty," Heze County, "said:" The Peony their hundreds of species, planting of natives, frequently hundreds of acres, and profits high in grains. Whenever promote flowers, hair, winding east out of the city, even the footpath access street, hard-working steam Xia Yan. "these records, the real vivid picture of the ancient Heze" every plant peonies, household floating flowers, large ground floor Fairview, pink clouds from heaven, "the perfect picture. Not only that, clearly, each with a name of future generations Caozhou peony garden has spread all over. Such as: "fragrant garden", "nest Cloud Garden", "Hao Garden", "Mao Garden", "Chao Garden" and so many. Qing Pu in the "Strange Tales" also Caozhou Peony treasures in "Ge towel Purple", "white jade" myth as fairy, wrote a famous article popular "Ge towel," said Sang basking described in articles, refers to the mulberry garden fence has been turned into the century-old mulberry adults. After the founding of new China, under the care of the party and the government, and the development Heze Peony gradually restored to 3,000 acres, more than 300 varieties. After the Third Plenum of the party, the rich historical traditions of the Caozhou Peony has entered a new stage of development. Especially the leadership in 1994, the _select_ion of the national flower of organized activities to have the spirit of the times and national culture, a symbol of prosperity, wealth and good fortune the king of peony flowers in the flower elected, along with peony worth double and more able to flourish development. Planting area is 50,000 acres, nearly 800 species, of which, the National Association spent more than 600 named varieties. Caozhou Peony Garden built in 1982, is thriving peony a significant sign. The two color Caozhou Peony Garden gate, is 8 meters high, 10.5 meters wide and ten heavy fighting three Aung Dianding veranda-style imitation Ming wing building, eight-color peony painted above the middle, "Caozhou Peony Garden" a few golden The characters, of the former President of the Chinese Calligraphers Association comfortable with the book. Xieshan allocated units on both sides, the character red line around the wall opening, real Wei spectacular, just like the Peony Garden, to put on a magnificent crown. Caozhou Peony Garden area of 1100 mu, more than 400 peony varieties, nearly 800,000, is the world's largest peony garden since ancient times. Caozhou Peony Garden at the same time in the building, restored to the preparation of animal model for the Pine Arts and characteristics of the "Ancient Garden", shed the old and new varieties of peony Caozhou blend of "the garden", three parks away phase mirrors, beautiful, become Heze Peony concentrated viewing area of the point clear of the pen and the itinerary. Every Grain Rain Flower Festival, domestic and foreign tourists gathered flowers crowd the festival. Lee _set_ Peony Garden Zhao F, Li _set_ Peony Garden Peony Garden is located in the north, the door is also the color the arch, also marked "Caozhou Peony Garden" 5 characters. The park area of 20 square kilometers, the planting of peonies. And planted a peony flowering shrubs and a variety of work. The garden has a 4-storey antique "Fantasy Club", CASTLE overlooking the panoramic view of the garden. There are a large woody branches gnarled and twisted trees, sweet smelling flowers season, added elegance. Peony Garden House Ho Zhao F, Ho House Peony Garden Peony Garden is located in the northeast, an area of about 26.7 square kilometers. The cultivation of traditional varieties of peony-based, and species of peony and a variety of flowering shrubs. Ancient Peony Garden Heze Peony Peony Garden is located in ancient and modern Wang Lei Zhuang village, an area of about 1.7 square kilometers. Wang Lei Zhuang tradition of growing flowers since ancient times. The major cultivated tree peony garden, and planted more flowers and shrubs; especially in the preparation of shape Sabina (often called pine Code) as its features. Song Chuan compilation skills of local farmers, prepared molded tower, the Church and the lion, tiger and other art forms. Compiled a large pine garden arch, "Niyaz chanting Square", has more than 200 years of history, is still a clear outline and vitality. There are a hundred years old Long Zhaohuai and so on.
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Bright peony culture:
Heze Peony in the process of continuous development and expansion, and left behind a lot of popular legend, the legend is not only praised the richly colorful, graceful peony, and praised the hard work to pay for the cultivation of Heze peony people. Outnumber the legend. According to legend, Heze has a young flower, dream of thinking can "courtesan" in Jinbian hanging in his doorway. Flower fairy told him, if you really have the determination and will to the Yellow River bank, borrow, draw water into the East China Sea, courtesan to yours. Finished, aside from the hair onto the floor under the jasper, jade green that flashed, disappeared. Bashansheshui flower of youth, long-suffering, and finally buried in the local breed a jade green peony, won the "courtesan" Jinbian. In this way, the green beans have become a peony's treasures. "Zhuang Yuan Hong" legend. "Zhuang Yuan Hong" large and brilliant flowers, Canruo sun_set_. According to legend, there has been recruited as the consort of the scholar Lang, thousands of miles tracing, they unexpectedly met his teenage great "wife" is the father of her serve for 17 years. To force him to consummate the father when he declared an edict passed to Beijing to get married. Father Mingnan Wei, Jun can not be bullied, he had vomited blood fell to the ground and died. The next year, give birth to the grave a scholar peony flowers as big as a plate, the color of champion Jin Pao, people call it "champion Red." The Legend of Dragon lying ink tank. In folklore, the "dragon lying Ink Pond" is the embodiment of devotees. Peony dry due to drought, the little dragon to save his life for Pirates of the Jade Pool, spunk-water peony. To repay Xiaoqinglong grace, Peony Fairy Mount ink carrying a small black dragon pond jump, from the impending massacre, but they themselves have become a different color with Zhongjie Mei. The Legend of Black Peony. The story about the Black Peony, flower growers will tell you that flowers bloom whom the Queen Empress Wu birthday, only Peony Ganwei destiny, huff Wu Chang peony banished out, some vow to not leave their homeland by Wu Zong Huofen of peony. The next year, the peony, actually out of the black magic in the rosy flowers. Peony King legend. It is said that in the early Republican era, there is a village of Zhao hundred and fifty years of "Peony King", height Joji, hundreds of flowers bloom, a Yuan Wang Hongxia, fragrant. Caozhou guarding the history of Yuan Shikai to please, the "King of Peony" transplanted to the Yuan's mansion, the tree will soon die. The news Huaxiang people grief, and a poem: "contains hundreds of perfusion effort, knife cut out the dead heart of a foreign land." Look different peony peony lots to talk about the story. Welcome to Heze tourist friends, may wish to view more than flowers to the flower farm walk, chat with them, perhaps you will find more of the beauty of peony. Heze Peony culture is a unique aspect of culture. Its content is very rich. And with the development of Chinese culture, its meaning has been broadened and development. Of peony culture, and the promotion of economic development, and spiritual civilization creates, there is a close relationship. Peony Culture, and still in the ascendant, more and more people study it, you can assert that in the near future, it is not only an aspect of Heze people are concerned, and will become the home has attracted the attention of a topic.
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Description Peony books:
"China's famous arts and culture appreciation Peony" is a comprehensive monograph. The book outlines the historical development of Chinese peony, poetry appreciation, planting breeding, practical applications, spread abroad, the national flower and so candidates, fully demonstrated the 470 varieties of beautiful pictures, 108 pictures each with the art of charm, 89 cultural images and 18 in some countries the national flower pictures, both vivid intuitive, widely appealing, and illustrated, poetic, this is a historical financial, technological and cultural and art works in a furnace. Based on ancient Chinese literati floriculture accumulation and spread. Today, the flower experts under the conditions of modern science and technology innovation is indeed gratifying. China is the home of a variety of flowers, peonies and other land of China is the traditional homeland of flowers, from the perspective of promoting arts and culture peony flower who will enable States to spend some of the feelings of the Chinese name, by an association and reverie , add some nurturing and understanding to appreciate the charm of oriental culture, to experience the Chinese culture mood to spend. "China Peony and famous cultural appreciation" of the publication, is reflected in contemporary China Peony busy as ever and determined to make a new situation, but also reflects the Chinese people love peony some affection. When the book into the world, I think the people of nations of the world will like her, because that is the beauty of peony fairy brought the soul of China Flower experts, the Chinese artist, to bring the Chinese people's good wishes.
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Peony Culture Overview
Peony, is inherent in the specialty flowers, thousands of years of natural growth, and two thousand years of human cultural history. The flower is big, shaped the United States, colorful, fragrant, praise for the ancient people, with high ornamental and medicinal value of plants from the Qin and Han Dynasties manned by drugs "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic" before, scattered in various ancient dynasties who lack the paper. Formation of color, including botany, horticulture, pharmacology, to Science, literature, art, folklore and other subjects, including Peony Culture, Chinese culture and folklore it is an integral part of a Points, is a Chinese cultural integrity of a cell body, through it, you can insight into the general characteristics of Chinese culture, which is "Cultural holographic" phenomenon. The origin of peony culture, from the "Book of Songs" Peony into poetry, counting some 3,000 years ago. Han Dynasty to medicinal plants Things will Peony in "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic", the peony has entered the pharmacy. Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Qi Dynasty MING painting peonies, peony has entered Art. Historical records, Emperor Xiyuan construction in Luoyang, Chao world into the stone flowers, easily the state into the twenty cases of peonies, planted in Xiyuan Since then, the peony into the royal garden, get involved in horticulture. Tang Dynasty, peony poem in large numbers, Liu Yuxi's "only true national color peony , Bloom season, moving the capital, "popular; Li Bai's" cloud like clothes flowers to content, disclosure of the strong spring winds threshold "eternal farewell. Song On behalf of the beginning, in addition to poetry in large numbers outside the peony, peony monographs have appeared, such as Ouyang Xiu's "Luoyang Peony," Lu You "Heaven Peony Pang spectrum", Qiu Jun's "Peony Chi honor," Zhang Bangji, "Chen states Peony," and so on. Yuan Yao, then the "order Peony" Ming Gao Lian of "Peony spectrum", Jin Wang as a "beautiful and fragrant flowers spectrum", Xuefeng Xiang of "Peony Bozhou History", Qing Wang Hao of "groupoid Fang spectrum ", Suyu Mei has" CAO South Peony spectrum, "Yu Peng for" Caozhou Peony spectrum "and so on. Scattered all ages mingled, Collected Works Peony poetry Wenbin, peony throughout civil Huaxiang legends, as well as sculptures, sculpture, painting, music, drama, costumes, Accommodation, food and other aspects of Peony cultural phenomenon, are common. After the liberation, there is considerable development of peony cultivation, peony culture was increasing emphasis on the emergence of a large number of peony research workers and experts. Peony compatible with multi-cultural science, which constitute a very wide range, which includes philosophy, religion, literature, arts, education, customs, Feelings and all the cultural field. Peony Culture provides cultural information, may reflect a basic overview of national culture, in line with Yu Between the universe of "holographic law." Peony Culture is part of the national culture, and other types of culture, the peony culture has its: (a) than thick Health Study material characteristics (b) pharmacological characteristics compared with thick (c) Horticultural characteristics than the thick (four) than the aesthetic characteristics of thick (e) Literature than the strong features (six) than strong local flavor (g) strong sense of the wealth (h) strong recollection of life (ix) the living expression to strong gas (X) thick atmosphere for tourism and so on. Peony Culture is the spiritual and material civilization of the combination of product development from the ancient and modern history of peony is true, Peony development in peace and prosperity, peace and prosperity hi peony, peony culture so. Today, every Spirit of Chinese Peony heart, bathing Chunhui, unprecedented in many production areas Peony grand Vitex held every year Dan Flower, Peony promote culture. At that time, they turned out in the Flower City, crowds of people look at flowers and laughter song, colorful flowers Light, mesmerized the crowd, come together to form a sea of joy. "National Yunchang seasonal flowers Yunchang" History proves once again that profound philosophy. (Adapted from Li Baoguang the "national flower ceremony," the article slightly modified)
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Foreign Peony brief
Overseas Peony Not only is the Chinese people love peony flowers, but also cherished by the peoples of the world. Currently, Japan, France, Britain, the United States, Italy, Australia, Singapore, Korea, the Netherlands, beat and Canada, more than twenty countries have peony cultivation. Among them, Japan, France, Britain and the United States of peony cultivation of horticultural varieties and the number of the most. In fact, overseas horticultural varieties of peony, originally came from China. As early as AD 724-749, the Chinese peony into Japan, is said to be brought in by the monk Kukai. 1330 to 1851 between France introduced a great deal of Chinese peony breeding, bred in many horticultural varieties. In 1656, the Dutch East bream will register sign up for the introduction of revolutionary history, register blue peony, 1789, the introduction of the British Register Kew Gardens Peony register please register, so the Chinese Peony spread in Europe, more than 100 horticultural varieties . In 1880, the French to carry out China's wild yellow peony breeding, bred in 1980, a group of yellow cultivars, was brought to Japan and other countries. In the United States in 1820-1830 was introduced to China from the Chinese peony varieties and wild species, was cultivating a black flower peony varieties. In the U.S., many national forest park are planted with peony and herbaceous peony. United Kingdom Kew Gardens is a collection of more varieties of the world's Peony Garden, one of post-secondary classes, including many Chinese ancient countries in the world of new varieties and bringing out the many horticultural varieties. Professor Yu Heng, Shandong Agricultural University, in his book "Peony", a book wrote: "The Peony Garden is also used in foreign countries planting, plant height of up to 2 meters, flower diameter of 20-30 cm, to the late spring of each season, the flowers bloom, gigantic, fragrant, the highest ranking Kwan Fong, though far from the homeland, but also a great one 'Kao' in style. "
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Bright peony local culture
Heze Peony in the process of continuous development and expansion, and left behind a lot of popular legend, the legend is not only praised the richly colorful, graceful peony, and praised the hard work to pay for the cultivation of Heze peony people. Outnumber the legend. According to legend, Heze has a young flower, dream of thinking can "courtesan" in Jinbian hanging in his doorway. Flower fairy told him, if you really have the determination and will to the Yellow River bank, borrow, draw water into the East China Sea, courtesan to yours. Finished, aside from the hair onto the floor under the jasper, jade green that flashed, disappeared. Bashansheshui flower of youth, long-suffering, and finally buried in the local breed a jade green peony, won the "courtesan" Jinbian. In this way, the green beans have become a peony's treasures. "Zhuang Yuan Hong" legend. "Zhuang Yuan Hong" large and brilliant flowers, Canruo sun_set_. According to legend, there has been recruited as the consort of the scholar Lang, thousands of miles tracing, they unexpectedly met his teenage great "wife" is the father of her serve for 17 years. To force him to consummate the father when he declared an edict passed to Beijing to get married. Father Mingnan Wei, Jun can not be bullied, he had vomited blood fell to the ground and died. The next year, give birth to the grave a scholar peony flowers as big as a plate, the color of champion Jin Pao, people call it "champion Red." The Legend of Dragon lying ink tank. In folklore, the "dragon lying Ink Pond" is the embodiment of devotees. Peony dry due to drought, the little dragon to save his life for Pirates of the Jade Pool, spunk-water peony. To repay Xiaoqinglong grace, Peony Fairy Mount ink carrying a small black dragon pond jump, from the impending massacre, but they themselves have become a different color with Zhongjie Mei. The Legend of Black Peony. The story about the Black Peony, flower growers will tell you that flowers bloom whom the Queen Empress Wu birthday, only Peony Ganwei destiny, huff Wu Chang peony banished out, some vow to not leave their homeland by Wu Zong Huofen of peony. The next year, the peony, actually out of the black magic in the rosy flowers. Peony King legend. It is said that in the early Republican era, there is a village of Zhao hundred and fifty years of "Peony King", height Joji, hundreds of flowers bloom, a Yuan Wang Hongxia, fragrant. Caozhou guarding the history of Yuan Shikai to please, the "King of Peony" transplanted to the Yuan's mansion, the tree will soon die. The news Huaxiang people grief, and a poem: "contains hundreds of perfusion effort, knife cut out the dead heart of a foreign land." Heze Peony culture is a unique aspect of culture. Its content is very rich. And with the development of Chinese culture, its meaning has been broadened and development. Of peony culture, and the promotion of economic development, and spiritual civilization creates, there is a close relationship. Peony Culture, and still in the ascendant, more and more people study it, you can assert that in the near future, it is not only an aspect of Heze people are concerned, and will become the home has attracted the attention of a topic.
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Poems describing Peony
Red Caozhou Under the red ray of the sun cut, the Millennium color drunk spring. Holland Shanze title Caozhou water, through the course of events in Hong Zhan hosting the Games. Ruhuasiyu Rosy white condensate in mind, falling fairy race to the mundane world. Yu Lin Feng Dielianhua bone, aromatic cleared no spring. Huang courtesan Actually red, green and black and white sweets, spring could not send clouds. Mo charming eyes sigh million to spend, independence, love corner yellow courtesan. Hundred flowers smile Layers of petals softly love Shining Fang Rui envelops open. Ying day among the flowers smile, a spring to make embrace arms. Golden Beaver Red, green, smile sun and the moon phase contrast, wrapped in layers of layers of spring. World exclusive seven spring, and the poor fairy no color. Topaz Xi Spring with dew condensation title to open the wind, dark green beads move hearts flutter. Topaz Xi jealous one day, shame to kill dust fall flowers. Spring garden Spring garden Spring unlimited, green sea Yingliang red peony. However, Jin had given away a point, to stay too fragrance comfort his life.
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Peony cultivation techniques
September and October is the peony transplant, suitable for breeding season, may be appropriate to postpone the southern region, northern cold areas well in advance, usually frozen before planting finished, cold cold areas should take measures to ensure safe winter peony. Peony in ramets, grafting, planting breeding in three ways. Pruning should be carried out each year before Tomb Sweeping Festival, to take shoots, 7-10 election thick branches per plant, each branch leaving a flower bud, and the rest removed. As age increases, the expansion of the crown, can be increased branching, increased flowering capacity expansion of the crown. Peony germination and early spring each year, after the autumnal equinox to be one of the fertilizer. Northern spring hoe deep soil moisture in time of drought, rainy summer in time eradicate weeds loose soil. Leaf spot diseases are common peony, occurs in 6-8 months, in time to do preventive work should be 5 in mid and late on behalf of the forest with ammonium, zinc, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim and other 500-800 times spray, spray once every 10-15 days, spray 3-4 times to inhibit the border.