Botulinum bacteria edges (cl.botulinum)
Botulinum bacteria edges (cl.botulinum) parasite material for the rot is widely distributed in soil and animal feces. Thick Gram-positive bacteria. Arranged singly or in pairs, sometimes short-chain visibility. A whole body flagella, no capsule. Spores oval, larger than bacteria, at times extreme, like the tennis racket-shaped bacterium, Bacillus very strong resistance. Strictly anaerobic, agar medium in the ordinary 3 ~ 5mm in diameter formed irregular colonies on blood agar β hemolysis. Able to digest meat residue, so dark, the stench of corruption. Decomposition of glucose, maltose and fructose, produce acid and gas. Liquefied gelatin, produced hzs, do not form indole.
Clostridium botulinum exotoxin is a known toxin in the strongest, it also freshman than potassium cyanide toxicity times, can be fatal personal services 0.1 micrograms, 1mg of purified botulinum toxin to kill 200 million mice. Different from the typical exotoxin is not released by the living bacteria, but bacterial cells produce non-toxic precursor of toxins, bacterial death to be freed after autolysis, trypsin by the intestinal bacteria or the role of protein kinase rear, which is toxic and resistant to stomach acid and digestive enzymes destroyed. According to the different antigenic toxins can be divided into a ~ g a type. The main cause human food poisoning for a, b, e type. The differences between the various types of antigen, its toxicity can only be appropriate and in the anti-toxins. Addicted to the drug toxin is a neurotoxin, absorbed by the intestine into the blood, acting on the cranial nerve nuclei, nerves and joints plants nerve endings, preventing the release of acetylcholine. Prevent the transmission of nerve impulses causing relaxation of muscle paralysis. The incidence of botulism is mainly due to beans, meat, sausage and canned food contaminated by Clostridium botulinum or Bacillus, produced under anaerobic conditions reproductive toxin, was caused by ingestion. Showed general weakness, blurred vision, swallowing and breathing difficulties, severe cases of heart failure due to respiratory failure or death. Not directly stimulate the intestinal mucosa by toxins, so no obvious gastrointestinal symptoms.
Infant botulism is due to infant gut disease can antagonize the lack of normal flora of Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium botulinum consumption of contaminated food, the spores in this case make up living in the cecum, reproductive toxin poisoning caused by infection. Manifested as constipation, sucking weakness, dysphagia, ptosis, generalized hypotonia Angeles. In severe cases, respiratory muscle paralysis caused by sudden infant death. Mainly seen in children under one year. Diagnosis is mainly based on detection of toxin, samples of food, feces or serum of patients with known anti-botulinum serum for in vivo in mice and testing, or reverse indirect hemagglutination test. The principle of prevention is to strengthen the management of food hygiene, polyvalent anti-toxin serum can be used for emergency prevention and treatment. |
|
|