Dialect. Mice. "Dream of Red Mansions," the eighth eight back: "only heard three empty room 'Wow Wow La La' in the ring, I was cat mice Road." "Bureaucrats," the third one back: "Occupational Road family support had a cat, give him a day to eating at night is not for him, and so his empty belly, he was looking for food to eat, you have to catch mice. "Cao Yu" Peking Man "the third screen: "alive to my children and grandchildren do yo! to the Images of children and grandchildren do yo like rats!"
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Rat Introduction
"Rat" is the rat, zodiac, rats are ranked first, called "son." Mouse is a gregarious type rodents (mice needed by nibbling a hard object, so the teeth constantly growing) animals, humans usually like staying at the home, to eat food for a living, consumption of human resources, so called "mouse" . Mouse is a human predators. Variety, there are 450 kinds of large quantities, there are dozens of million, and multiply quickly, vitality, and can eat almost anything, can live anywhere. Mice can burrow, a tree will be hiking, wading, great harm to humans. In addition to animal rodent, but it is also used equipment, drugs and other methods rodent.
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The reason is named
General books on the "mouse" explanation, beyond "mouse that rats", or "in some regions of the mouse called the 'rat,'" neither say what they were. In fact, the mouse called a mouse, has its "historical reasons" for. Five Dynasties (AD 907-960) feudal warlords, war frequently. Rulers for their own enjoyment of the hog, intensified plunder the people, and they give a lot of strange exactions established names. According to the "Old History of the Five Food and Money" records, in addition to being tax items, there are many additional tax, such as farm salt to the salt tax, wine drunk to pay taxes to the sericulture silkworm tax. Not only that, there are additional outside surtax, called "bird rat consumption." Official regulations: Each pay for food with one stone, plus loss of two fighting. Even silk, cotton, silk, thread, hemp, leather these birds do not eat rat stuff, but also add "bird rat consumption", each paid half the consumption of silver twelve plus two. After the Han emperor to hidden, the "bird rat consumption" is satisfied by the consumption of two plus one stone grain bucket, bucket increased to four, more people are miserable, but dared not openly complain about the emperor, they put their anger into a belly mice, cursing Mouse is "rat." This argument, it has spread.
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Introduced species
About more than 1700 kinds of rodents in the world ... In our country, there are about 170 kinds of rodents, the main rodent species in southern China has 32 species of mice and wild habitat home to two types of habitat. Guangdong region common commensal rat Rattus norvegicus mainly flavipectus and Mus musculus three kinds; voles mainly Rattus, also known Rosay rats, voles. 1, we rat (Rattus norvegicus): Colour gray, like the foot of the wall, corner holes, usually weighing about 300g, 900g weight have a large. 2, Mus musculus (little mouse): Colour gray, smaller individuals, in addition to the wall to make the nest, but often people companionship, weighs about 20-30g. 3, as well as roof rats, hamsters, mice and other Rattus. 4 flavipectus: Build smaller than the brown house mouse, - like body weight 100-250 g, long tail, large ears, tail longer than body length. In addition, there - insectivorous species of small mammals, called murinus, commonly known as stinking rat. It is not a rodent, little harm to humans, the difference between needs and rodents.
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Mouse Features
A night out with the olfactory day volt know what food there in twos and threes after slapstick eat, chase, hungry or find new delicious food, and then dinner together. 2, very flexible and cunning, afraid of people, activities sneaking out of the hole edge when the two front paws in a hole to climb, look left and right to see, really just a sense of security hole, it likes to nest - food - between the establishment of a fixed water routes to avoid danger. 3, visual agility mice most active at night, feeding, nocturnal rats in a very dark light can detect moving objects, better eyesight mice daytime activities. 4, drill holes skills high norvegicus mousehole Obviously, often in the wall Gala Li, livestock imports circle, warehouse office kitchen. 5, strong memory and poor feeding changes in a familiar environment part of the immediate cause of its vigilance, afraid to move forward, after repeated'm familiar with the rear forward. As at highly attacked it for a long time avoided here.
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Rat food
Rat's diet is very complex, eat a lot of things, almost people eat it eat, sour, sweet, bitter, spicy whole afraid, but the favorite is the food, melon seeds, peanuts and Youzha food. A rat can eat about 9kg of grain a year.
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Environment
In addition to humans, mice are mammals multiply fastest and most successful. To regular activities in the areas of human life as a mouse Mus musculus month, for example, up to eight times per year pregnancy, gave birth to pups per litter can be four to seven. In addition to the consumption or contaminated food, the mice likes teeth, it's been ruined due to rat bite packing materials or construction equipment is quite impressive, according to statistics the U.S. a quarter of unexplained fires may be caused by the rat bite damage wires cause. Mice can easily adapt to human living environment, thus becoming the major pests. Mice often come in the sewer, toilet, kitchen, etc., in the contaminated premises and premises clean and forth action, via mouse feet, body hair and stomach belongings to spread pathogens.
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Population status
The number of population growth, should theoretically increases geometrically, but in fact due to various factors, the growth rate is limited, in the density of the environment to accommodate limited growth rate fluctuated around zero. The most important one rodent control, is reduced to accommodate limited. In the case of non-intervention in humans, the number of rats there are changes in both annual seasonal variation. Movements in different rat species vary greatly exalted individual rodent species can vary with the trough 50 times or more.
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Growth and reproduction
A small female Mus musculus: Growing 40 days can conceive. 2, Great Mother norvegicus: growing maturity of three months and 21 days pregnant. 5-6 first child, plus one each subsequent births until a fetus reaches 15-16, after every tire is reduced by one, until a 5-6 births when to stop breeding. A rat fetal eight times a year to be pregnant, saying: one male and one female, year three hundred and fifty.
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Animal hazards
1, stealing food seeds, destroying trees, harm forestry. 2, mining fields, eating food, harm agriculture. 3, the bite of clothing, food, spread disease. 4, the holes in the dam caused floods. 5, destruction of property: Due to regular mice grind, it will bite a variety of objects 6, polluting the environment 7, the spread of disease 8, disturbing the peace
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Control methods
An ecological rodent. Take various measures to destroy rodents adapt to the environment, inhibiting their reproduction and growth to mortality. Can be combined with the production of deep plowing, irrigation and afforestation to worsen their living conditions. This law must cooperate with other methods, in order to be effective. Two biological rodent. Owl protection rodent predators, weasels, badgers, cats and most rat-eating snakes in order to control the number of rodents. Three. Equipment rodent. With a rat trap, catch squirrel rat. This law does not apply to a large area of high density situations or rodents. 4 Drug rodent. This method is effective good results fast, wide adaptation, to a large area of rodent control. But pay attention to _select_ion of efficient, low toxicity, low-residue, no pollution and second poisoning risk is small, so that rodents do not produce physiological resistance rodenticides. (Warfarin, sweet fluoride, sodium Diphacine, Phosazetim, Dalong) Fourth, prepared baits 1, with 0.005% bromadiolone bait: Bromadiolone is the second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides, rodents and farmland Rodents have good results. First with 0.5% Bromadiolone agent against liquor 1 kg 4 kg of warm water, stir into 100 kg after the bait (optional wheat or rice) in the mix, until the liquid dry, covered with plastic film, piling 30 minutes, then spread out to dry. 2, making bamboo bait stations: 5-6cm diameter made of bamboo. House area bait station 30cm, farmland mayor 45cm (excluding the projecting part to protect myself). Bait stations are generally put 25-30 grams of bait. Place 15 days checked once and found Bait reduced to make up. 3, bait stations placed: Former directly on the wall with, fixed with small stones, each household to put two, one on the pen, but a post on the roof. Ota use bait stations should be fixed into the ground with wire between the ground and the bamboo stay 3-5cm, in order to avoid the rain poured, placed an acre, placed along the ridge. Quarterly rodent placed no less than 20 days, preferably 30 days. 4 Note: When formulated in accordance with rules prescribed bait to perform, the place to be prepared baits and livestock away from water, do not touch the bait by hand, the remaining rat poison baits should be timely recovery of custody, no longer used for bait, and toxic garbage collection to be buried corpse mouse. 5, specific antidote to vitamin k1.
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Transmitted Diseases
Mouse host or storage medium is a lot of diseases known to mankind rat plague spread of disease, 57 kinds of epidemic hemorrhagic fever, leptospirosis, typhus, relapsing fever and other tick resistance. There are rodent-borne diseases through research in three ways: 1, rat ectoparasites as the medium through human vampire bites when the pathogens to humans; 2, pathogenic micro-organisms in vivo with mice, rats or through the activities of fecal contamination of food or water, causing the on_set_ of the human food; 3, rat bite or direct trauma invasion by pathogens and cause infection.
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Disease symptoms
1, Plague: The main clinical manifestations of fever, swollen lymph nodes, bleeding tendency, lung inflammation and other special. 2, hemorrhagic fever symptoms: mostly after 7 days to 21 days incubation period of sudden on_set_, acute illness, rapid progression, severe symptoms. The on_set_ of fever, the sharp rise in temperature to 39 ℃ or higher. Meanwhile, the performance of a headache, orbital pain, back pain, known as the "three pain"; are also manifestations of the face, neck, upper chest congestion flushing, known as the "three red." In addition, after the on_set_ of the palate in the mouth, pharynx visible bleeding, bleeding wired connection strip visible in the axilla. 3, typhus symptoms: more acute on_set_, persistent fever and headache-based, multi-body temperature at 39 ℃ ~ 40 ℃ (representing 72.10%), with joints and symptoms of muscle pain, cough. The main signs of facial redness, rashes, throat congestion hepatosplenomegaly and so on.
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Knowledge
★ rat long with a pair of front teeth continue to grow, so the little mouse is always chewed wardrobe, wooden boxes to keep molars. ★ rat long tail have a good balance of action, even fell from the fifth floor will not hurt. Researchers at Cambridge University and the University of 史密斯克兰比彻 Farm recently in "Nature" magazine published an article that by their foster a transgenic mouse in eating much more than similar situation, but always remain "slim lithe body, "this research is to find a human can not restrict new diet pills appetite has opened up broad prospects, it is different from the mechanism to suppress appetite for the kinds of contemporary diet pills. John is responsible for the study, said Dr Pang • carat, they cultivate a large number of mice can produce something called "solutions associated protein lotus -3" substances in their muscle mitochondria, this substance can accelerate metabolism, while The intake from food is converted into heat energy dissipated, and not converted into fat accumulation in the body. Therefore, these mice eat as much, the weight is much lighter than other normal mice. Experimental results show that the transgenic mice than in normal mice eat more than 15% -54% of the cases, the normal mice, the adipose tissue to be less than 44% -57%. Carat Dr Pang said the mice in this study makes the results of research can promote the consumption of large quantities of heat rather than simply human appetite suppressant weight loss drugs is possible. But carat Dr. Pang also pointed out that no matter what the development of new weight-loss drugs, diet and physical exercise regulate persistent dieters are always the first choice of the road.