① arrangement, reorganization to a system: to re-organize | organize. ② compiled by the collective: the mass organizations | student organizations. ③ system; with the relationship: loosely organized | gigantic. ④ in a multi-cell organisms, form and function by the same group of cells, together with the stromal cells form the basic structure. The higher degree of evolution of organisms, the more obvious tissue differentiation. Health Organization and the seed plant took part in a permanent organization; higher animal epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nerve tissue. ⑤ fabric structure: plain weave | twill weave.
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zǔ zhī
In accordance with a certain purpose, tasks and forms to be prepared; arrange things so that the overall system or composition
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No. 3
To organize a rally and a church
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No. 4
According to certain established objectives and the collective system
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No. 5
Party organization
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No. 6
Usually one or several special class of cells with mesenchymal cells (stromal cells is one of structural material) with the composition of the aggregates, animal and plant body that is formed by the structure of these aggregates
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No. 7
Connective tissue
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Textile
Jingwei Textile yarn structure
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No. 9
Twill weave
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No. 10
Tree Sangma, learning organization
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No. 11
Latitude and longitude intersect, for cloth weaving. "Lu has been the first" "" Poetry ", saying: 'such as group executive reins,'" Henkel induced Note: The "group reading group organization. Husband organization Carpenter, written in the hand, still good executive reins in hand and the Royal stressed horses mouth, so Miles is also. "Ouyang Song," pay school but met Monk "Poetry:" Another example of ancient clothes, organizing written rotten. "" History of Miriam Wei Liao Chi 2 ":" Taejo Zhong Fu Lan above ... ... before home towns, as arboriculture, Sangma, organization of education, there are industry Lung Liao Wang, Chao also traces its almost here! "
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No. 12
Woven into the fabric. Southern Liang Xie, "Wen Xin Diao Long Quan Fu": "Ya Li word meaning, Fu Sheng-mining phase, such as the Organization of the goods Zhu purple, yellow paintings painted the book Mystery." "History of the Sui Ho thick Biography": "Persian taste Xian-Jin Min Jin Pao, organize special Lai, on whom fate thick. "
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No. 13
Poems of the sentences that phraseology. Southern Liang Xie, "Liu Xie Tao": "carve love, Organizational rhetoric." Tang Meng areas "out of the East Gate" Poetry: "life, self-organization, 1000 Taiga words." Lu Song, "Reply to Secretary households Book ":" retreat organized the old saying, nimble split odd characters, great book profoundly, to dazzling secular. "Qing xian" Chan Kwai offer even carved poems order ":" Zhouyuan Gong said: 'Man it also contained Road.' people today can carry no weapon, only chapter of the words in between the passionate desire to organize sewing decorated with win, is empty and decorated their journey also. "
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No. 14
Arrangements; rectification. Yuan Jiang a Lions "The Colourful Travel Apartments in sequence the first Spring Festival Gala" words: "Landscape strike organization, the jade tree wind drops." Qing zhen "I was born the first pregnant Proverbs": "Heavenly Stems this doctor repetitiveness, Earthly Branches gas Chang , Emperor organize my yin and yang, Yong nothing was know I am not a symbol. "Qing Qiu" dream "poem:" Mercedes-Benz sun and the moon without stopping track, organize scenery did not function. "
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No. 15
Centric frame. I still cook. Tang Li Bai, "reminisced Jiang Yang Jae donated land transfer" Poem: "Invitation cover with organizations, Oh scared to suffering."
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No. 16
Organs of the body in the form of units, from the same cell morphology and function of a combination of a certain way. Such as: nerve tissue; muscle tissue.
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No. 17
In accordance with a certain purpose, tasks, and systems to be combined. Also refers to the combination of the collective. Mao Zedong's "After the victory of the current situation and our policy": "People rely on us to organize. China's reactionaries by the people from our organization to bring him down." Qu "on public art, public art of the practical problems Provincetown ":" The saying goes that the task of the revolution, cultural revolution, the general task of all revolutionary cultural organizations should bear up, and in particular the revolutionary literary organization. "
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No. 18
Cite China Communist Party. Liu Qing "iron wall" Chapter II: "tantamount to military after the war came, That has returned from the local organization, I continued to work on the relationship now." Xirong "son": "green branches against father's ears, serious said: 'Dad, you do not know, lock cylinders is the organization's people, he can not actively take the lead in it?' "
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Words to explain
】 【Words: organizational (organization) 【Phonetic】: zǔ zhī Definition: ① arrangements to rectify that into the system: re-organize | organize. ② compiled the collective: the mass organizations | Student organizations. ③ system; with the relationship: loose | Organization huge. ④ in vivo in multicellular organisms, form and function by the same group of cells, together with the stromal cells form the basic structure. The higher degree of evolution of organisms, the more obvious tissue differentiation. Partakers Health Organization and the seed plants in the permanent organization; higher animals are epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nerve tissue. ⑤ Fabric Structure: plain weave | twill weave. Example: company, corporation, firm, enterprise, research institutions, charitable organizations, agents, association, or part or combination of the above organizations. Note 1: The arrangements are usually ordered. Note 2: The organization can be public or private. Note 3: This definition applies to the quality management system standards. The term "organization" in the GB / IEC Guide 2 defined differently.
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The concept of organization in biology
Similar to the form and function the same group of cells and stromal cells together, as organizations. The body's tissues into epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nerve tissue and muscle tissue of four. Organizations constitute the basic components of organs, the above-mentioned sort of four organizations combined to form a certain shape and structure of the completion of a physiological function, called organs, such as stomach and intestine. Linked to a number of organs, become able to complete a series of continuous physiological system called the system. Such as the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus, and liver, gallbladder, pancreas and a series of organs linked together to complete the digestion and absorption of food, form the digestive system. In addition, movement, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, circulatory, nervous, sensory and endocrine systems 8. 1. Produced a tissue cells What is Organization Cells produced different cell populations, each cell group is the same form by many, structure and function similar to the interstitial cells and cells together to form the joint, so that the cell group called Organization. Four people have the basic organization Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nerve tissue. Epithelium Distribution: body surface, the inner surface of the digestive tract and respiratory tract, the outer surface of various organs. Function: protection, secretion. Characteristics: tightly packed cells, fewer stromal cells. Muscle tissue Distribution: bones, heart, digestive tract Function: systolic and diastolic function. Features: mainly by muscle cells. There are three types: cardiac, skeletal muscle, smooth muscle. Connective tissue Distribution: bone tissue, blood and so are the connective tissue. Function: connective tissue that support the connection, protection, nutrition and other functions. Features: mesenchymal cells developed. Nerve tissue Distribution: brain and spinal cord Feature: the ability to receive stimuli and generation and conduction of excitement. Features: The main form of nerve cells The four organizations Plant A special surface of plant tissue. Including the epidermis and periderm. Main function is to prevent the transpiration of terrestrial plants due to excessive dehydration caused by the internal organization of dry, and the nature of mechanical damage or other biological hazards. In perennials, the conservation organization in the winter it will ease the drastic changes in temperature or a sudden thaw. Although there is no threat of drought, water plants, but the plant has a lot of air chamber, so the need to seal the surface structure, to avoid excessive water infiltration. Plants grown in water, need to have tough skin to withstand the effects of water and other dynamic changes. Epidermis: Primary meristem from the original epidermal differentiation, usually with a life force for the layer of cells, contain several different cell types, epidermal cells, stomatal guard cells and subsidiary cells, trichomes, or hairs, etc. ① epidermal cells ② stomata (dicots, monocots) ③ epidermal appendages Periderm: the destruction of the epidermis after the loss of protective function instead of the protective effect of epidermal tissue from the secondary meristem ─ ─ cork cambium activities, conservation organizations are secondary ① ② cork cambium cork cells lenticel ③ ④ ⑤ bark phelloderm 2, also known as nutritional parenchyma tissue of Nutrition, the basic organization is the main organizations of several plants, is one of the most basic form of a plant tissue. Plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruit, seeds are rich in nutrition organizations. Thin cell walls of vegetative tissues, large vacuole, a storage function of nutrients for cellular use. Vegetative tissues also contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Living protoplasm of its cells, morphology and physiological function of very little specialization, and in the larger developmental plasticity. This organization constitutes an essential part of plant, or buried in various other organizations such organization, or package is out of it, they are plants absorption, assimilation, respiration, storage life activities such as base. Depending on the nutritional role, they can be divided into different categories, as of the organization (to photosynthetic parenchyma cells with chloroplasts, such as leaf), storage tissue (intracellular storage parenchyma rich in nutrients , if real, seeds), aerenchyma (aquatic or wetland plants often have this organization, their intercellular developed, the formation of large gas chamber or through the airways), water storage tissue (drought-tolerant multi-pulp cactus plants widespread, thin cell walls of such organizations, there is great vacuole, which is full of water). 3 conducting tissue (conducting tissue) is responsible for plant material in the long-distance transport of major organizations, is the most complex plant systems. Roots from the soil to absorb water and inorganic salts, transported by the conducting tissue to the ground part. The product of leaf photosynthesis, transported by the conducting tissue to the root, stem, flower, fruit to go. Between the parts of plant material and frequently re-allocation and transfer, but also through the conducting tissue to carry out. Conducting tissue is divided into two categories, one for the xylem (xylem), the main transport water and dissolved salts in which; the other for the phloem (phloem), the main transport of organic nutrients. Conducting tissue: is the conducting tissue in the plant transports water, salts and nutrients organization. The common feature is a long-shaped cells, often up and down to form a pipeline for transporting. (A) of the tracheid and the catheter: a bottom-up specifically to deal with transport of water and dissolved inorganic nutrients in the water conducting tissue, present in the xylem of plants. 1. Tracheid: tracheids are most gymnosperms, ferns and water the only organization, but also both support role. Some angiosperms or angiosperm tracheids of certain organs have, but not the main conducting tissue. Tracheid was long and narrow, pointed at both ends of ramp, at the end is not perforated, non-living cells, the cell wall thickening of the formation of lignified pit to ladder pattern and bordered pits are more common. Tracheid and a collection of interconnected groups and rely on pit (not thickened part) transport water. Therefore, the slow rate of flow is a class of more primitive conducting tissue. 2. Catheter: catheter is the most important water organization of angiosperms, a few gymnosperms, such as ephedra have catheter. Most catheter is connected lengthwise from the tubular cells, each of tubular cells called vessel elements, vessel elements and tracheids side view is very similar, but often not as good as its upper and lower ends of tracheid taper tilt, and phase at National Cheng Kung University often through cross-perforated wall, and thus the role of transporting water faster than tracheids. The general nature of the cell wall thickening, formation of pits of different texture or while loop pattern, thread, ladder pattern, reticulate, simple pits and bordered pits catheter. Annular pipe: thickened part of a ring, smaller vessel diameter, present in young plant organs. Threaded pipe: thickened part of the spiral, vessel diameter typically small, young plants exist in many organs. Ladder pattern catheter: thickened part of the thickened part of the interval and not trapezoidal, more present in the growth of organs. Reticulate catheter: thickening of the reticular part of the mesh is not thickened cell wall, vessel diameter larger, more mature part in organ. Pitted catheter: cell wall thickening of most of Pat, not thickened at the simple pits or bordered pits, pits the former is a single catheter, which is bordered pits catheter, catheter diameter, larger and more present in the mature part of the organ. Fill body invasion: invasion of the body is due to fill in the parenchyma cells adjacent to catheter through the catheter wall thickening is not part of, together with its contents, such as tannins, resins and other substances penetrated into the tube cavity formed. Invasion of the body's production dictates filled catheter through the reduced flow, but play a preservative against bacteria. Has invaded the body of the timber filling is more water wet. (C) Screen and companion cell: the transportation of photosynthesis to manufacture organic nutrients in plants the rest of the conducting tissue, present in plant phloem. 1. Screen: Screen is a vertical line of the long tube composed of living cells, the composition of each cell, called the sieve tube. Sieve tube wall of the upper and lower ends of cross-fiber thickening due to the formation of uneven sieve, sieve, many small holes, called the sieve. Up and down the cytoplasm of two adjacent sieve tube, connected to each other through the mesh, forming assimilate transport channel. Corpus callosum: temperate trees to winter, the cribriform plate in the sieve tubes produces a sticky carbohydrate, called callose, blocked the formation of the corpus callosum, sieve, sieve tube will lose this role until the next spring, this plastic callosum was dissolved enzyme was restored to its transport function. Sieve tube generally only one or two years of life, so the old trees in the enlargement process of the screens will continue to be replaced by a new generation of sieve, sieve is squeezed into the old decadent organization, but in the perennial monocots , the sieve can be long-term exercise of its functions. 】 【Collenchyma Collenchyma located in the stem, petiole, leaf, stalk and other parts of the root generally does not exist. The distribution of collenchyma an obvious feature, the general is always distributed in peripheral organs, or directly under the epidermis, or thin layers of epidermal cells separated only. In stems and petioles collenchyma often separated into a continuous cylinder or bundle, often with ridges in the stem and petiole on the Edge of the part of developed, such as the square stem of mint, pumpkin, celery with edges of stems and petioles. In the leaves, collenchyma bundles located in the larger veins of one or two side. 】 【Sclerenchyma ② sclerenchyma sclerenchyma and collenchyma different secondary cell wall thickening is uniform and often lignified. Mature cells, protoplast death usually decomposed into the cell wall just left of dead cells. According to cell morphology, tissue can be divided into thick-walled stone cells (sclereid or stone cell) and fiber (fiber) Class II. Stone cells such as diameter or slightly more for the elongation of cells, some with irregular-shaped branching into the Astral, and some more slender. They usually have very thick, strongly lignified secondary wall, the wall there are many simple pits round, due to the formation of distinct thick wall tubular particular channel pattern, sometimes with the wall thickening of grain each channel convergence, branching pattern will form a special channel. Protoplast cells mature normally disappear, leaving only empty cavities and small cells. Into the fiber is tapered ends of the elongated spindle cells, the length generally many times larger than the width. Secondary cell wall thickening obvious, but very inconsistent lignification, lignification to the strong lignification never have. Stone cell wall pits more scarce, and often has gaps like. Maturity generally disappear protoplasts, cells become hollow cavity, a few fibers can retain protoplast, life long period of time. Fiber widely distributed in various parts of mature plants. Sharp and thin fibers are usually arranged in the body of overlapping, tightly integrated into the beam, therefore, adds to strength of the organization, it has a large compression capability and flexibility, as mature plants in the main support organization. 】 【Fiber 】 【Stone cells Stone cells are thickened and lignified cell walls, and dead cells gradually. Part of the cell wall thickening was not fine tubular, sometimes branched, to the surrounding injection. Therefore, the cell wall can be seen on the walls of tiny holes, called pores or pits, and gradually thickened cell wall is called the texture formed by laminated. Most of stone cells, nearly round shape or polyhedral shape, but there are also short stick or a branch, the size is not all. Individual or groups of stone cells often distributed in the plant's root bark, bark, peel and seed coat, such as Codonopsis, Cork,, star anise, almond; some plants, leaves or flowers are also distributed, the stone cells usually were branched, it is also known as abnormal cells or stone pillar cells.
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The definition of management in the organization
Obey the plan, and reflects the organization plans to complete the goals. Organizational raison d'être: the limited personal ability and personal needs of the contradiction between the infinite, and the goal or mission driven. The type of organization Type of organization, generally there is a formal organization and informal organization. Among them, the formal organization generally refers to the objectives of the organization reflects the organization of responsibilities between the members under the organizational system. Organization is that we generally talked about the formal organization. In the formal organization, its members maintained a formal collaborative relationships to accomplish business goals for the actions of the starting point and destination point. Informal organization is the spontaneous work together, with common feelings of community. Informal organization formed for many reasons, such as: working relationships, hobbies relations, kinship and so on. Informal organization often emotional requirements for some common action. (1) the formal organization Formation: After the formal organization of planning Characteristics: purpose (with a clear organizational goals) Efficiency (pay attention to efficiency in order to solve the most effective way to achieve the goals) Binding (to establish the authority to formulate rules and regulations) (2) informal organization Formation: the formation of informal (spontaneous formation) Features: Spontaneous (work, social status, knowledge, ideas, character, hobbies) Normative (and comply with a number of commonly accepted rules of conduct) Advantages: meet the psychological needs of members, and create a harmonious, harmonious relationships and improve the spirit of mutual cooperation. Disadvantages: two types of organizational goal difference and conflict, a negative impact on the formal organization Conformance requirements for membership, the development of individual members bound Put pressure on formal organizational changes, resulting in the inertia of organizational innovation Use: it is there to face Objectives and the formal organization to make it consistent with the objectives Influence and change its code of conduct to guide it to make a positive contribution Common forms of organization Linear, functions, linear functions of the type, matrix type, division, holding company (property relations), the network organization structure (contractual relationship) (1) linear Features: All management, command and control by the managers directly, without the specialized functions of institutions Advantages: Simple administration; administrative costs low; order unity, rapid decision-making; command and flexible; clearly superior-subordinate relationship; easier to maintain discipline and order Disadvantages: limited energy managers, it is difficult to consider the issue in depth and detailed; management of extensive simple; members of the horizontal linkages between organizations and between poor; management experience, competence can not be immediately passed to his successor, a successor can not work immediately (2) The functions of the type Features: professional managers instead of a straight line division of the system of all-round manager; _set_ up functions, the direct command of the Organization's activities; lower level of obedience to superior executive and command functions Advantages: advantages of specialization, can play the role of experts; professional management work done smaller, specific guidance to subordinate work; can make up the administrative leaders at all levels, lack of management capacity; charge easier to control and planning; simplify training Disadvantages: easy to form a long command, undermine the unity of command; communicate with each other not working, poor ability to adapt to the environment; employees long-term stay in a department, easy to look narrow, they focus the department objectives, reduce overall objective; over-specialization, is not conducive to develop a comprehensive management personnel; profit responsibility at the highest level (3) linear functions of the type Features: Based on the linear system, _set_ the corresponding functions; only be responsible for personnel administration at all levels of command and the command has the power; functions that only have a certain degree of command authority authorized Advantages: a combination of straight lines and functional departments of the advantages of the system Disadvantages: The functions self-contained, no attention to the information of the horizontal communication; work easily repeatable, the additional cost; functional units may be contradictions and inconsistencies between, resulting in inefficient; functions inflexible, slow to reflect on the environment; profit responsibility at the highest level (4) Matrix Features: vertical form of the linear functions on the basis of leadership in increasing the horizontal system; temporary, non-long-term fixed tissue Advantages: strengthening horizontal linkages, to overcome the disconnect between functional departments, the phenomenon of fragmentation; professionals and specialized equipment can be fully utilized; have greater mobility, resource utilization is high; the professionals help each other, complement each other Disadvantages: members of the interim concept, accountability is not strong enough; dual leadership, there are problems difficult to clearly define the responsibilities; need to have good management of human relations mediation (5) Division Features: Head below by product or geographical division or branch; business is independent accounting, self-profit centers; Corporation, retaining only part of the decision-making, part of the decentralization; subjective initiative into full play Division, to handle daily business activities Advantages: integrated management, diversification and specialization, a good combination; responsibilities, rights and interests is clear, easy to mobilize the enthusiasm of the staff; to ensure a steady profit company; be able to train full of senior management personnel Disadvantages: many highly qualified professionals; management organizations and personnel are more costly management; for demanding business manager; decentralization is easy to produce the phenomenon of elevated leadership of the company; each division compete for resources, prone to internal friction, coordination suffering The basic problem of organization Organization's basic problem is management scope and management of the relationship between the levels: rate under the given conditions, the level and scale of proportion; size of the given conditions, the level and rate is inversely proportional. (1) rate of meaning: management of direct and effective number of command and supervision of subordinates (2) Organization Type: Tall-style organization: tightly controlled, managed better (individual organizations) Flat organization: faster communication, coordination and good management of low-cost (3) trends: flat, to reduce intermediate level, improve the management scope to improve management efficiency (4) factors: the ability to work; the content and nature of work; working conditions; working environment
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Encyclopedia
Organization tissue Approximate number of morphological structure and function of cells and associated stromal cells according to certain rules together and form a special structure and function of the cell populations. There are four basic tissue types, namely epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nerve tissue.
configuration, body, Institution, architecture, texture, thing that is formed, esp in a particular or characteristic way, frame business, Industry Category, occupation, employment, employment, hire, serve, type of activity or business, take, Leasing, industry, enterprise, manufacture or production, charge, For rent, department of activity, way of earning a living, speciality, ministration, abet, thing to which one gives one's time, energy, etc, business, bureau, adventure, event, paid job, craft