Saffron color cover thousands of flowers, any increase is not gorilla blood. Romo phase of your dyed light, the ancients Honors Thrifty Commandments luxury.
An Old herb (Carthamus tinctorius), like a thistle, widely cultivated for its oil, a big bright red or orange flowers it
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No. 7
The plant flowers, after drying medicine for promoting blood circulation, stasis, menstrual
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Also as "Red China"
Also as "Red China." Red flowers. Sima Han such as "Shanglin Fu": "Yang Cui Ye, sway purple stems; red China, weeping Zhu Rong." Southern Liang Jiang Yan "Fu Li-color": "Red Huashu Chun, when the yellow bird fly." Tandoori Fu "wind and rain to see boat for the new sentence before the falling flower show": "Shadow potential seduced by the clean water, the wind blowing down jealous safflower are."
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The red and blue flowers
The red and blue flowers. Also refers to red and blue flowers blossom. Traditional Chinese medicine, warm spicy. New students are stasis, menstrual blood and pain and other effects. "Appreciative upright officials Biography Wanghong Fan": "First, salt fish, Qingzhou capital goods, or strong wheat by the people to kind of flowers, deal more with men, to pray interests." Ming Shen by the first "triple record Ting-sheng ":" Phlegm plus Fructus, blood with a red flower. "see" red and blue. "
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No. 10
flos carthami (English) safflower Alias red grass, thorn safflower, safflower Du, gold flowers. Compositae source of tubular flowers carthamus tinctorius l.. Annual herbaceous plant morphology, height of about 1m. Stems erect, much branched top. Leaves oblong, apex acute, sessile, base amplexicaul, feather edge cracked teeth, teeth-terminal spines, glabrous; upper leaves smaller, into a flower-like bract-like shape around. Capitulum top students, arranged in corymbose; bracts several layers, the outer green, ovate-lanceolate, margin spines, the inner ovate-oval, white, membranous; are all tubular, yellow during the initial period after the turn orange-red; achenes oval, about 5 La m, without pappus, or scaly. 1-year-herb, flowering from May to July, fruit from July to September period, 30 to 90 cm high, leaves alternate, ovate or lanceolate, hard, smooth and hairless on both sides, the edge of the barbed teeth, capitulum, All of the sexes tubular flowers, corolla orange-red, with carthamin (carthamine), can be used for textile use red dye. Flowers can be made through by the drug, there Poxue, blood circulation, reduces swelling, pain role, attending women, irregular menstruation. Not only does it have medicinal value, and seed oil can be pressed, is an important oil crops, achene oil content 34% to 55%. Oil containing 0.5% oryzanol per kg 80 mg of oil and is rich in phospholipids. Safflower oil with high unsaturated fatty acids, the linoleic acid content as high as 70-80% of the human cardiovascular system has good health effects, while safflower oil contains more vitamin e (146mg / 100ml) These are the fats and oils can not match. Safflower oil for human consumption not only directly, but also has good health effects, but also can develop linoleic acid capsules, vitamin e and cosmetics, safflower oil, safflower protein in the stalk meal is a high value-added products. Safflower seed oil contains a high linoleic acid, have lower serum cholesterol and blood lipids, soften and expand arteries, prevent atherosclerosis, increased blood circulation, regulating the heart and the aging of the endocrine system effects. Safflower seed oil is good oil industry and medicine. Also for paint, paint and coating precision mechanical parts, but also the raw material for manufacture of alkyd resins. In medicine as an anti-oxidant and vitamins a and d of the stabilizer. After oil extraction the meal rich in protein, can be used for fine feeding livestock. Safflower short growing season, from planting to harvest species usually require only 120 days. Adaptability of the soil is not strictly required. Developed taproot (up to 2 meters deep), with the ability to salinity drought and cold, suitable for cultivation in North China and Northwest. Cultivated all over the country. Collect and orange flowers in summer, when picking, dried, dried, or dried. Characters long tubular flowers 1 ~ 2cm, the surface of red and yellow or red; corolla tube slender, tip 5 lobed, lobes narrow strip, long 5 ~ 8mm; stamens 5, anthers into a tube-shaped polymer, jointly white; stigma slender cylindrical , the top micro-bifurcation. Is soft. Gas slightly fragrant, slightly bitter taste. Chemical composition containing safflower glycosides (carthamin), new safflower glycosides (neocarthamin), safflower quinone glycosides (carthamone), safflower polysaccharides, palmitic acid, cinnamic acid, lauric acid. The taste of warm, spicy. Indications blood path, Sanyu pain. For amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, lochia not, Zhengjia lump in the abdomen, bruises. Note that Bai Pingzai fruit, with "safflower" oil, oil can lower high cholesterol sterols and bile; soften and dilate blood vessels, anti-aging, Endocrine regulation. Medicinal safflower: [Source] This product Compositae safflower carthamus tinctorius l. of dried flowers. [Plant Morphology] annual or biennial herb, high 30 ~ 90cm. Leaves alternate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, long 4 ~ 12cm, width of 1 ~ 3cm, apex acuminate, margin irregularly serrated, tooth-side with sharp spines; few sessile, slightly amplexicaul. Capitulum apical diameter of 3 ~ 4cm, phyllaries multi-layer, the outermost layer of 2 to 3 leaf-shaped, ranging from the edge of a long sharp teeth, inside several layers of oval, the upper edge of short spines; are all tubular , gender, corolla yellow at first, changed to orange. Achenes white, obovate, about 5mm, with a rectangular, non-crested. May-July flowering, the fruit from July to September. [Medicinal properties] flowers crowded into irregular clumps. Red or red and yellow. Individual flowers about 1.5cm. Corolla tube slender, tip 5 lobed, lobes were narrow linear, 5 ~ 7mm. Stamens 5, anthers aggregate into tubular, yellow. Stigma long and cylindrical top micro-bifurcation. Is soft. With a specific aroma and taste slightly bitter. With blisters, the water becomes yellow, flowers do not fade. [Indications] promoting blood circulation, pain loose silt, for amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, lochia not, Zhengjia lump in the abdomen, or flutter injury, sore throat. [Note] pregnant women with caution. Safflower dyeing function Saffron (also known as red and blue grass) can be directly on the fiber dyeing, so the red dye occupies a very important position. Red was the color of Sui and Tang dynasties, the Tang Dynasty poem by Li in the "red flower color cover thousands of flowers, the blood did not increase either the gorilla," vividly colorful overview of the extraordinary effect of flowers. According to modern scientific analysis, safflower contain yellow and red pigments, including yellow pigment soluble in water and acidic solution, no dye value; the red pigment is readily soluble in alkaline aqueous solution, in neutral or weak acid solution can produce precipitation, the formation of red color lakes. Album: Red Artist: Meng Tingwei Language: Mandarin album 1cd Company: EMI Date: 2005.01.08 ⊙ Meng Tingwei words December 28, 2000 Over Rivers million water, I came to China and Myanmar border. Walking in a strange foreign land, the heart is empty, and it is full. Walking in the deserted streets, I looked up at the empty sky full of stars, hear the melodious songs heard in the distance, A then a, is that Ming Huan Meng Tingwei singer, I can not see the distance stood singing. In this ancient Chinese border, I am deeply touched, for those who no longer come back time, For those who shuttle people in my life, and things for her singing, moving forward ... ... December 28, 2004 Four years of preparation and studies, I went to some places, met many people. A deeper understanding of life, to understand a happy living is really the greatest gift of life. Four years is not long or short, just good enough for me to get a repair community college diploma. So, I went back and place your first encounter, With song to tell you, I walked the streets, see people, moving things ... ... ⊙ recalled in her sweet voice to wake up You see, you see, our hearts will bloom flowers of hope Have we thought about her memories will forever treasure the memory, have we gone through in her singing dream of a glorious era of multi-and occasionally read, listen, music, riding her to temporarily leave the real world. Meng Tingwei is definitely one of the 90's beautiful, that love is full of thrilling Qiongyao Shi, San Mao style of wandering infinitely fascinating era, we listen to her, "You see, you see the moon's face," to listen to her "Winter in Taipei view the music those memories the rain "..., so precious, who accompanied us through, and will always go. Over the years, many teen idols came out one by one, Who over the years but never as pure as she gives us ethereal moving. Separated by four years, Yaya back, with her voice still clear, gorgeous smiling face. Dressed in new clothes in 2005, but singing the same elegant and gentle love songs, such as Asia and Asia, it seems like a strange familiar, enduring constant is her delightful. In 2005 we again hear her songs, she seemed never disappeared. Like the night I walked on, occasionally looked up and saw the moon, slightly hidden in the trees, Guanghua clean. Suddenly we meet the total rise of happiness. ⊙ Meng Tingwei new collection in 2005 and the old memories of feelings 6 new creative + 1 + 3 first first _select_ion of classic New ensemble In this "red flower" album, in addition included six new songs, the other is a collection of three New and a quartet of classic original 2000 Taiwanese song "looking for a man." If you want the music to the table Daya Ya sort of understanding of life in recent years, _select_ed for her, have special significance for fans of the song re-arranged, and with the current state of re-interpretation of the yaya seems easy to do. Therefore we have chosen "You see, you see the moon's face," "to Taipei to see the winter rain," "Shy Rose opened quietly," this three meaningful new music and singing songs. In 1991, the Asia and Asia to a "You see, you see the moon's face," popular in the streets, the song sung the song very high degree, many people still miss the endless, Yaya and therefore at the time was "Moon Princess "The title can be said that this song let music fans know Meng Tingwei Taiwan. In 1992, Yaya issue "to Taipei to see the winter rain" album, in frequent cross-strait exchanges is not the time, Yaya was a sensation With this song became popular in the mainland in 1993, participated in her first concert in mainland China, the mainland fans enthusiasm and love of this song has touched her, and now re-starting her mainland fans can look forward to hear now how she would interpret the new version of the song in 2005 "to Taipei to see the winter rain." Included in the 1993 "Who's tears in the fly," the album the song "Shy Rose opened quietly," is his very favorite song yaya. Yaya said the singer in 2000 when she quit, she did issue a 15-song album of all, this song most of her emotional attitude and mood. ⊙ love with Song Chi "to find a" witness the legend of Meng Tingwei love The most notable album's first songs there is a "find a person", the song "Find a person" is not re-arranged, concert, but included in 2000 Meng Tingwei Taiwanese album, "Love to Shiyan Wen" in the original song. Mixed in nine songs in Mandarin, is directly included in the original version, especially for people curious about this song Yaya has any special significance? The original song is Yaya and her husband's love song _set_. Yaya's husband was her high school classmates, the two already met early youth, they were not given rise to the spark of love. After graduation, far away, up to 13 years with no contact. Yaya published in the "love to Shiyan Wen" album, her husband happened to hear the song "looking for a man", was singing the lyrics as well as Yaya touching deeply touched the hearts of a wave of students to protect her, to take care of her idea, and then regain contact. This song can be said to witness the commemoration of the legendary music they love. Yaya copy of their album, also read: it took me to find my other half, my life from complete. ⊙ become a major producer of small fans Yaya Wei Sung and Lee Sung Yvonne's first collaboration spark agitation The album by the new generation of musicians Yvonne Sung Lee, Wei Siong co-production, about the recording process, Yaya said, and her past record are very different experience, and cooperation Yvonne Sung-Wei Sung, the former face of fewer producers generational pressure to release them to her room, but more like their peers in the discussion, some more involved. After many years before going into the studio recording a new song yaya, in the face for the first time co-producer, in the full communication, try to change past habits, new ways to sing for her, and then out of the album, not so much a comeback singer as it is based on a new mood hair pieces, all for her is a new beginning. Which is more difficult to adapt to changes in singing. The last recording, producer of the pitch, singing skills, there are strict requirements, but when Yvonne Sung-Wei Sung cameo, but the "emotional" with the "tone" as the most important, Yaya said she completely trusted their practice, after all Music is used to feel rather than check. In the recording process, also found an interesting tidbits, the original Ssu Wei Sung Sung fans past Yaya, Yaya popular in Southeast Asia to Singapore in the promotion, the two teachers have to make people heard her singing it. ⊙ Meng Tingwei back with the "red flower" of the origin Because the devout Buddhist, and deeply felt performance than entertainment, and religious struggle to top the eco-homes to put her to practice contrary, Yaya feel no incentive to continue to sing, she decided to put down in 2000 is the peak of singing career, a dive to the seclusion of the practice of the road. In four years, in fact, Yaya, or occasional performances, she just converted the stage, only in some religion, charity, charity occasions, performances, uphold religious beliefs, issued Buddhist music, her singing in her best help those in need people. Danchugetan four-year-old Yaya, Meng Tingwei finally back. To see Yaya, her appearance has not changed, still and moving voice, clear and sweet. When she is about to announce his comeback singer, the motivation to actually think no one is so simple: do not want to be artists again, just want to do something for charity to donate all royalties from the new album to go. Yaya said: "My back does not ask, do not want to fight the status of a sister, not wishing to better album sales, they want royalties donated to people who need help." In four years time, in fact, Yaya, or occasional performances, she just converted the stage, only in some religion, charity, charity occasions, performances, uphold religious beliefs, Buddhist music release, she needs her voice trying to help help. Upcoming / 28 Asia simultaneous release of latest album, "safflower", Yaya look forward to do their best to achieve long-term desire! Album name as "saffron", which is one of a creative person Meng Tingwei lyrics. The fall of 2004, Meng Tingwei went to the Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province under the Yellow Sheep River. Yellow Sheep River is committed to Taiwan's well-known entrepreneur, Mr. Wen Shiren, "Town and Talent Plan" of the implementation of land, but Wen Shiren Cushi, it will help to temporarily shelved. Material deprivation Huangyangchuan to see these building shut down, Meng Tingwei ask yourself what she can do? So she signed off, "safflower" this song, dedicated and determined to follow Mr. Wen Shiren the blog industry, she pray this piece of barren Hexi Corridor, carve out a beautiful blossoming flowers. Safflower is the Tibetans as a precious, holy symbol, they will be the system of saffron herbs as a source of income. A valuable addition to the economic significance of safflower, safflower Meng Tingwei more to be described by Tian Han and Tibetan children pound frozen red cheeks, because when these children hope and a smile when, as in the barren land on the open out one after another brilliant flowers, a symbol of hope and joy. This is her comeback singer origins and motivation! In the January 27 press conference of the hair piece, Meng Tingwei personally symbol as: "expects," "love", "joy" of safflower seedlings planted, in addition to hoping to make every place is full of love and hope beyond , but hope to start this new year, everyone's hearts are equally tiny seeds can be planted this way, hoping one day to grow, thrive, make this world who need help can get help, always full of joy, this is the biggest wish Mengting Wei. Yaya an early debut, Meng Tingwei, until today, has undergone various, still think they do not adapt to the entertainment. How to go back to adapt to this? Meng Tingwei well prepared: "just the album version of the taxes out, hoping to influence their own, serve to drive more people to participate in philanthropy." Mengting Wei said: Education is the most fundamental, most basic, so Taiwan hopes to help many children out of school, so that they can receive a good education, good environment for the growth. Mainland very remote areas in need of medical equipment, so construction of health posts will take royalties. ⊙ on the "amber" Another very important first album the song "Amber" was 17, started strong in the country's radio broadcast. This song is theatrical masterpiece Master Meng Jinghui's annual "Amber," the theme song of the same name. By the actor Liu Ye and Yuan Quan starring actor Strength, Yao Qian featuring music director. Poignant drama about a romantic love story, will premiere in March in Hong Kong, and will be followed by Shanghai, Beijing, viewers meet friends! "Amber," This song, lyrics by Yao Qian, Stefanie popular song "meet" the author Chet music. In the mv, the large number of interspersed actor Liu Ye and Yuan Quan tension full of theatrical stills, with the atmosphere of this drama, "Amber," This song has a very dramatic interlude, in the mv, but also particularly in this interlude added Liu Ye expressions full of sound monologue: "a fly in amber in a, a wasp in amber in a ..., a loaf of bread in your stomach, a winter in your heart ..." climax ups after a lengthy Meng Tingwei condensed into an instant singing the lyrics will be eternal dedication, clear voice is still so affectionate touching! ⊙ on the album cover shoot New album, "saffron" to take cover, Yaya proposed label: Nantou or not to take pictures? Why choose Nantou it? Yaya said: She grew up in the county school, her family still living in Nantou, Nantou for her human intimacy; Secondly, Nantou, Taiwan is geographically the most central, experienced the 921 earthquake, now with strength and vitality of an re-recovering step by step, if you want to choose a place separated after four years as a new starting point, where else than from the "heart" starting more in line with the intention of the album released Yaya! ⊙ black gray tricolor mv Story ★ "quiet life slowly River "----- pure white innocence song of hope Shooting "quiet life slowly River" song mv, the director put up in the studio a pure white backdrop, a dozen children in kindergarten and got together with Yaya into the mirror. Children innocent childish voice and Yaya together and sing "c'et la vie", not spread out of life is so pure, adults and children to start a dialogue. ★ "strong amber "------------------------ absolute dedication to the eternal black "Amber," This song is the mainland's annual theatrical masterpiece Master Meng Jinghui, "Amber," the theme song of the same name, in mv in a lot of tension interspersed Golden Horse winner Liu Ye stills full of drama, with the atmosphere of this drama, "Amber," This is the first songs have a very dramatic interlude, in mv, but also particularly in this interlude to join Liu Ye expressions full of sound monologue: A fly in amber in a / a wasp in a amber ..... A loaf of bread in your stomach / winter in your heart ..... After the climax ups, Meng Tingwei lengthy singing the lyrics will instantly condensed into eternal dedication, clear voice is still so deeply touching. ★ "alone time you want to know who "------- misty gray miss chaotic mood Because the image of a snow, "alone time you want to know who" the song went to Beijing in particular mv shooting. Take the day kind of weather, the snow from the ground, sky diffuse to silence the desolate beauty of snow, cold lonely mood of this song even more moving off, just so beautiful picture, is Yaya cold at minus eight degrees ice-cold spring weather was only a thin film into. Shooting day, the staff of a special seat for the Yaya "Nuannuan Bao blanket" stuck in a blanket full of more than 20 Nuannuan Bao, let Yaya shouted the director, "Card", you can immediately got into a bunch of Nuannuan Bao years. ⊙ ten ten songs of life of flowers in full bloom Meng Tingwei personally hear her whisper the language of flowers ★ safflower Legend of ancient times have yellow under the infested sheep had Qilian Prescribe that the legend on the prairie northwest of the holy and precious symbol of safflower When submerged sand road to the dream I lived in a small hill flowers (2004 trip to northwest end of the fall tour, I went to the Laguna County Yellow Sheep River, a mountain village children pound small red face I will never forget. Only flowers of this song dedicated to the late Wen Shiren and his blog industry "Town and Talent Programme" pray in the Hexi Corridor on this piece of barren beauty of the flowers out.) ★ You see, you see the moon's face 1991 accidentally sung this song in the whole Chinese world, become a girl Yaya mouth of the moon princess. Today, this song with you through more than 10 years, no matter where, we saw, and always the same moon, and as you sing Qingyin shallow, deep in your heart always be the moon Princess. ★ quiet life slowly River Time is a slow quiet emotional well-being is reassuring Various topics on life is simple but also complex I am calm and peaceful life for all are the reason I love My joys and sorrows after the baby is a state of calm and comfortable Delight law because I like the sun never shines I ★ I heard distant ocean-chip Because this song reminds me once loved San Mao She remembered her 雨季不再来 think of the Sahara desert Think of themselves as white blue skirt chasing her wandering how the pace of wishful thinking ★ Amber Prefer to use a lifetime explain to you the various elements of birth and death of variation So you believe you are my life from the encounter began with a beautiful ★ Who do you want the time alone Wait no longer sails had to do a happy mood tend to dissipate when the most beautiful love Went to bed at night and early morning wake up even the memory of the occasion are freeze those you smile deep and shallow In the kingdom of love, I can not move forward but also unable to escape ★ winter to see the rain in Taipei Taipei City has possession of winter rain when I lived alone lonely figure However, to Taipei to see the rain in winter, but 1.3 billion people to sing together memories Change your mood to listen to songs of love from another perspective You can embrace another warm winter rain to see Taipei ★ poinciana The boy who climbed up and down the tree, the boy looking at blue sky in large trees, Boys grow up ... slowly she came to the boy with a beloved tree, Boy falling out of love, when the trees are crying only rely on his The boy left the home, say goodbye to his open arms tree, the leaves are like tears Tracts fall ... ★ shy quiet opening of the Rose Sing this song I always feel shy like standing naked in front of everyone Love you see in front of it is the performance of my gaffe ★ looking for a person This is very special in my life a song Because it took me to find my other half, my life from a complete So please allow me to write selfish I only gave me this song of his 01 You see, you see the moon's face (2005 version) words: Yang Lide song: Xiao-xia 02 quiet life slowly river words: Yao Qian Song: Li Wei Siong 03 I heard distant ocean-chip word: Liman Ting Song: minski 04 Amber (master of theatrical works of Meng Jinghui annual "Amber" with the same theme song) words: Yao Qian Song: Chet Lam 05 alone, when you want to know who the word: Yao Qian Song: Xiao Ke 06 Winter in Taipei to see the rain (2005 version) words: Lizi Heng / Wu if the right song: iron Zhang Jin 07 poinciana words: Yang Lide song: Sky Wu 08 Shy Rose quiet knock to open (2005 version) words: Liang Wenfu song: Liang Wenfu 09 to find a word: Yaoruo Long Song: Pan Qing Association 10 safflower words: Mengting Wei Song: Wang Liguang
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No. 11
Safflower ("This sketch by") Red and blue flowers [different name] ("Golden Chamber"), gill safflower ("Four state medicine Chi"), grass safflower ("Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Chi"). [Source] for the Compositae flower flowers. [Form] safflower plant, also known as: yellow-blue ("Natural History"), red and blue (Cui Leopard "Ancient and Modern Note"), red flowers ("Lu cliff rock Materia Medica"), safflower dish ("Famine of Materia Medica"). Around the country more cultivated. The plant seedlings (safflower seedlings), fruit (safflower) also for medicinal, the detailed special section. [Collected] 5 to 6 months when picking petals from yellow to red when the tubular flower, dried, dried or drying. [Medicine] dry tubular flowers, about 1.5 cm, orange-red, flower tube narrow and thin, tip 5 lobed, lobes narrow-linear, 5-7 mm, stamens 5, anthers yellow, combined into a tube, higher than the lobes of the addition, there is stigma showing its central. With a specific aroma and taste slightly bitter. To Motif length, color red, soft is better. Primary production in Henan, Zhejiang, Sichuan and other places. Chemical Composition】 【containing safflower safflower safflower yellow and glycosides. Safflower glycosides by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis, glucose and carthamin. Also with 15α, 20β-dihydroxy-Δ4-pregnant en-3 - one. Still another said the safflower oil fatty oil is palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and other glyceride classes. Leaves contain luteolin -7-- glucoside Pharmacological effects on the uterus ① Decoction of mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs, cats of the in vitro, the reign of the uterus and uterine fistula are excited about the role of the rabbit, but weaker than saffron decoction. Early reports of safflower varieties without the identification of pharmacological research, the results are also quite a lot of uncertain place. ② The role of the circulatory system ③ other roles Hyperlipidemia of high cholesterol in rabbits, oral safflower oil 1 g / kg / day, can reduce serum total cholesterol, total fat, glyceryl trinitrate smoking non-esterified fatty acid levels, oral side coronary No. 2 extract (10 ml / bird / day) can make experimental atherosclerosis of rabbit serum cholesterol, neutral fat and β-lipoprotein was significantly reduced aortic total bile sterols and total fat content are more low, the size of the aortic wall and intimal thickness and plaque left anterior descending artery and intramyocardial small lesions were reduced plaque lipid staining than the control group than in the non-uniform and lipids move to the middle, indicating the spot blocks have a tendency to fade, but the organization and morphology of biological indicators by statistical methods is not significant. Safflower oil can also be excited in some smooth muscle organs such as intestine, bronchus and so on. Coronary 2 side on isolated rat ileum was inhibited, and can antagonize acetylcholine caused by bowel spasm. Safflower saffron toxicity than small: 6% of the feed mixed with saffron powder feeding mice a month or more, no weight loss, such as increased 8 to 10%, weight loss, up to 15% when cause of death; and saffron mixed with 2% can make mice a month after the emergence of weight loss, appears to increase mortality. [Processing] the net impurity pick, remove the stems and leaves, pedicle head and dried. [Taste] Xin Wen. ① "Kai Bao Materia Medica ':" acrid, warm, non-toxic. " ② "Tang Ye Ben Cao": "Gan Wen Xin and bitter." 】 【Go through into the heart, the liver. ① "Thunder concocted herbal solution": "into the heart, liver and two classics." ② "Ben Cao Jing Jie": "into the Foot Jue Yin Liver, lung lunar hand." ③ "Materia Medica and then new": "hepatic, renal two classics." 【Indications】 function by promoting blood circulation, the blood and pain. Rule amenorrhea, Zheng Jia, dystocia, stillbirth, postpartum lochia not, aching bleeding, carbuncles, or flutter injury. ① "Tang Materia Medica": "rule Koujin silence, the blood knot, postpartum various diseases." ② "Kai Bao Materia Medica ':" Lord Koujin postpartum blood, bad blood, not the intra-abdominal, cramps, abortion, and Jiuzhu service. Also the main Gudu of blood. " ③ "Ben Cao Meng Quan": "Houbi choking unreasonable, Daozhi swallow." ④ "outline": "blood, dryness, pain, swelling powder, pass through." ⑤ "herbal medicine is": "hard to heat up the blood out smallpox, typhus blood stagnation Needless scattered." ⑥ "Materia Medica and then new": "water swelling, quiet child, falling stillbirth." Usage and Dosage】 Oral: decoction, 1 to 2 money; into powder or soaked in wine, fresh Daozhi. External: powder sprinkle. [Taboo] during pregnancy. [] ① election party rule woman meridians barrier, such as blood diaphragm by: good safflower (small break), Su Fang wood (hammer broken), Angelica equal portions. Fine-cut, each with a two and a half to one liter of water, fry flowers, wood: and then into the wine one, and Dang Gui fry, hollow, warm clothes before eating. ("Zhushi _set_ test medical side.") ② cure fever, fetal death: saffron wine broth, drink two, three. ("Woman recipe Addendum") ③ rule retained placenta: saffron wine broth, drink two, three. ("Milk _set_ of prescription") ④ rule woman sixty-two kinds of wind and stinging belly blood: red and blue flowers one or two. A large rise in wine, half fried, served half of Dayton, is not just another service. ("Golden Chamber" red and blue Huajiu) ⑤ cure all swollen: red and blue flowers, rub pound cooked serving of juice. ("Taiwan Miyao side") ⑥ rule Houbi congestion unreasonable person: red and blue flowers pound rose twist a small juice, clothes, the difference of degree. If the wet winter months without flowers, who can dip dry concentrated juice twist, such as former clothing. ("Sea _set_ of prescription.") ⑦ rule Ting ears, Leinian pus not be extinguished, foul smell: safflower one point, alum twelve (burning ash). Pieces on the drug, fine research for the end, each with a small, satisfied ears. ("Sheng Hui Fang") ⑧ rule bruises and crushed the walls: a sub-Chuan Ma, costas two points, one-third of saffron, licorice quarter. All students to use, powder, rice wine the next. ("First aid will be square") ⑨ treatment of pressure ulcers: safflower amount Paojiu Waicha. ("Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine") [] ① clinical treatment of acute and chronic muscle strain Made with 5% safflower injection, pain points or acupoints along meridians injection. After the first mention piercing needle _insert_ed until the patients have tingling sense of expansion after the injection of liquid, 0.5 to 1 ml per hole, every day or every other day, vary depending on treatment. Observation of 132 patients treated from 3 to 15 times, recovered in 51 cases (37.8%) were cured, 49 cases (37.1%), improved in 21 cases (15.9%), 11 cases (8.3%), the effective rate of 90.8%. Some injection of 5 to 6 times Jiyu, more than a year no recurrence. Governance process found no adverse reactions; some pain increased after the first injection of the phenomenon that in the future can be gradually reduced, generally continue treatment without the use of adjuvant. ② treatment of injured, sprain caused by skin redness, swelling, etc. Take dried flowers immersed in 1% of the proportion of 40% alcohol a week, to be submerged in safflower yellow white bottom with gauze filter. Pro plus 1 times with distilled water when diluted to cotton wool soaked in topical, bandage, if the heating effect is more significant. The number depending on the severity of the wound dressing and increase or decrease. Governance injured, sprained 775 cases, 347 cases cured, improved 399 cases, ineffective in 29 cases. Mild cases, 2 to 3 days to recover, heavier treated 3 to 5 days after the disappearance of that congestion, swelling and fading. Another rule tenosynovitis, 59 cases recovered in 18 cases, 39 cases improved, 2 cases. In addition, the product of the early Boil also effective, but has been festering is void. ③ treatment of pressure ulcers 500 gram of water with 7000 ml safflower, safflower was about fried 2 hours after the filter to take the white liquid, and then the text gently for about 3 to 4 hours, so that was rubbery. When applied to the affected area with gauze posted, covered with sterile gauze, fixed. Every other day dressing 1. According to the 20 cases of 24 pressure ulcers observed treatment, five times less cured 8, 10 or less cured 11, 10 times more than five (of which 20 to 25 times a cure in 2 cases, duration of 1 to 2 years) ④ treatment of coronary heart disease ⑤ treatment of the corpus callosum Take saffron and Digupi 40 grams each research into Ximo, plus the amount of glycerol (about 100 grams) stir back. Feet in warm soapy water before treatment, dry, oiled on foot, with a sterile dressing, 2 times a day, medication can be more than week. If there is pus inside the corpus callosum volume, light plum blossom needle puncture can be sterile pus drainage, re-applicator, can be cured by a few days.
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Basic Introduction
Asteraceae safflower cultivars genus, scientific name Carthamus tinctorius L., a year or biennial herb. Also known as yellow-blue, red and blue, red and blue flowers, grass and red flowers, red flowers and red flowers and thorns. High rates of production and safflower oil, cultivation and management is simple, suitable for mechanical cultivation, is an emerging oil crops. With safflower oil to manufacture margarine, cooking oil, mayonnaise and salad oil. Containing up to 73-80% linoleic acid, is a good drying oil; free linolenic acid, suitable for the production of alkyd resins, flowers with yellow 20-30%, 0.3-0.6% with red pigment, shell meal protein content of 19%, shell 36% protein meal, safflower has a long history of Chinese cultivated since 1,700 years since Wei, Henan Province, as the main saffron producing areas and to maintain ever since. , There are 25 provinces (autonomous regions) are distributed, Xinjiang, Henan, Sichuan and Zhejiang, as the main producing areas. India's largest area of cultivated safflower, for more than 60 million hectares, accounting for 50% of the world's saffron area. China in 1979, more than 20,000 hectares planted flowers, sown area of which the total area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region more than 80%, mainly in Tacheng, Changji and the Ili region. General planting density for oil varieties to 45 × 5cm appropriate; oil slick either species to 45 × 10cm of spacing is appropriate. Menstrual period to the flowering branches to be more water and fertilizer. Branching period to promptly recover nitrogen, phosphorus and water, combined with cultivating earth 2-3 times. Water demand for the peak flowering, after flowering, the final stop irrigation. Harvest: Harvesting safflower seed collection is divided into two kinds of flowers and collection processes. Closed flowers, open to corolla lobes, stamens start brown, bright red color when the harvest is appropriate lubricating oil. Particularly flowering early in the morning picking as well, at this time is not easy to broken Corolla, bracts not sting. If harvested too early, not pollinated flowers, the color yellow; too late then becomes purple, both of which affect the quality and economic efficiency; receive seeds, commonly used mechanical harvesting. Northern areas can be harvested in the ripe stage, depicts the South, two flower ball mature need for timely rush in the harvest, so as not to suffer from rain and mildew.
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Plant morphology
Annual herb, about 1m. Stems erect, much branched top. Leaves oblong, apex acute, sessile, base amplexicaul, feather edge cracked teeth, teeth-terminal spines, glabrous; upper leaves smaller, into a flower-like bract-like shape around. Capitulum top students, arranged in corymbose; bracts several layers, the outer green, ovate-lanceolate, margin spines, the inner ovate-oval, white, membranous; are all tubular, yellow during the initial period after the turn orange-red; achenes oval, about 5 La m, without pappus, or scaly. 1-year-herb, flowering from May to July, fruit from July to September period, 30 to 90 cm high, leaves alternate, ovate or lanceolate, hard, smooth and hairless on both sides, the edge of the barbed teeth, capitulum, All of the sexes tubular flowers, corolla orange-red, with carthamin (carthamine), can be used for textile use red dye. Flowers can be made through by the drug, there Poxue, blood circulation, reduces swelling, pain role, attending women, irregular menstruation. Not only does it have medicinal value, and seed oil can be pressed, is an important oil crops, achene oil content 34% to 55%. Oil containing 0.5% oryzanol per kg 80 mg of oil and is rich in phospholipids. Safflower oil with high unsaturated fatty acids, the linoleic acid content as high as 70-80% of the human cardiovascular system has good health effects, while safflower oil contains more vitamin E (146mg / 100ml) These are the fats and oils can not match. Safflower oil for human consumption not only directly, but also has good health effects, but also can develop linoleic acid capsules, vitamin E and cosmetics, safflower oil, safflower protein in the stalk meal is a high value-added products. Safflower seed oil contains a high linoleic acid, have lower serum cholesterol and blood lipids, soften and expand arteries, prevent atherosclerosis, increased blood circulation, regulating the heart and the aging of the endocrine system effects. Safflower seed oil is good oil industry and medicine. Also for paint, paint and coating precision mechanical parts, but also the raw material for manufacture of alkyd resins. In medicine as antioxidants and vitamins A and D, stabilizers. After oil extraction the meal rich in protein, can be used for fine feeding livestock. Safflower short growing season, from planting to harvest species usually require only 120 days. Adaptability of the soil is not strictly required. Developed taproot (up to 2 meters deep), with the ability to salinity drought and cold, suitable for cultivation in North China and Northwest. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) Cultivated all over the country. Collect and orange flowers in summer, when picking, dried, dried, or dried. Characters long tubular flowers 1 ~ 2cm, the surface of red and yellow or red; corolla tube slender, tip 5 lobed, lobes narrow strip, long 5 ~ 8mm; stamens 5, anthers into a tube-shaped polymer, jointly white; stigma slender cylindrical , the top micro-bifurcation. Is soft. Gas slightly fragrant, slightly bitter taste. Chemical composition containing safflower glycosides (carthamin), new safflower glycosides (neocarthamin), safflower quinone glycosides (carthamone), safflower polysaccharides, palmitic acid, cinnamic acid, lauric acid. The taste of warm, spicy. Indications blood path, Sanyu pain. For amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, lochia not, Zhengjia lump in the abdomen, bruises. The ancients often in the blood in the body, often add a little saffron to: gauze used to boil their feet twice a day for a variety of varicose veins, peripheral neuritis, blood circulation. Well, legs and feet numbness or bruising disorders such as congestion Note that Bai Pingzai fruit, with "safflower" oil, oil can lower high cholesterol sterols and bile; soften and dilate blood vessels, anti-aging, endocrine regulation. Medicinal safflower: [Source] This product safflower Carthamus tinctorius L. Compositae dry flowers. [Plant Morphology] annual or biennial herb, high 30 ~ 90cm. Leaves alternate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, long 4 ~ 12cm, width of 1 ~ 3cm, apex acuminate, margin irregularly serrated, tooth-side with sharp spines; few sessile, slightly amplexicaul. Capitulum apical diameter of 3 ~ 4cm, phyllaries multi-layer, the outermost layer of 2 to 3 leaf-shaped, ranging from the edge of a long sharp teeth, inside several layers of oval, the upper edge of short spines; are all tubular , gender, corolla yellow at first, changed to orange. Achenes white, obovate, about 5mm, with a rectangular, non-crested. May-July flowering, the fruit from July to September. [Medicinal properties] flowers crowded into irregular clumps. Red or red and yellow. Individual flowers about 1.5cm. Corolla tube slender, tip 5 lobed, lobes were narrow linear, 5 ~ 7mm. Stamens 5, anthers aggregate into tubular, yellow. Stigma long and cylindrical top micro-bifurcation. Is soft. With a specific aroma and taste slightly bitter. With blisters, the water becomes yellow, flowers do not fade. [Dosage] Oral: Jian Tang ,3-10g. Blood and blood should be less; stasis should be multi-purpose. [Indications] promoting blood circulation, pain loose silt, for amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, lochia not, Zhengjia lump in the abdomen, or flutter injury, sore throat. [Note] pregnant women with caution. [Research]: from "The sketches by": "red and blue flowers, red flowers that also. This everywhere with them. Changpu the kinds of people, winter and Buzi in cultivated land, seedlings to spring and summer there are flowers, mainly as Qiu Department , prickly, on a flower out of Qiu, Cheng-po people's open-pit mining, mining has been back to try and strike. Qiu in the strong, white teeth, such as a large bean. The flowers dry to storm really red dye, and for Yan fat. leukemia to win the primary post-partum fact likewise leaves a lot like blue, so blue name. "" herbal state hook element ":" red and blue flowers, nourishing decoction, Poxue Jiuzhu. " Chemical Composition】 【Traditional Chinese Medicine: safflower yellow pigment containing safflower (Safflor yellow) and safflower glycosides (Carthamin). Safflower glycosides by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis, glucose and carthamin (Carthamidin). Also with 15α, 20β-dihydroxy-Δ4-pregnant en-3 - one (15α, 20β-Dihydroxy-Δ4-pregnen-3-one). Still another said the safflower oil fatty oil is palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and other glyceride classes. Leaves contain luteolin -7-- glucoside (Luteolin-7-glucoside). Still containing xylan class, bitter glycosides and other steroids. Flowers with red flowers glycosides (carthamin), safflower quinone glycosides (carthamone) and new safflower glycosides (neo-cqrthamin); yellow flowers with a new micro-safflower safflower glycosides and saponins; deep yellow flowers with red flower shoes ; orange flowers with red flowers and saffron quinone glycosides glycosides. Corolla from yellow to red flowers is due to changes in these components, and goods in the main as safflower quinone glycosides. It was also reported, without thorns safflower (Du safflower) with safflower glycosides 0.839%, barbed saffron (gold safflower) with safflower glycosides 0.483%. According to reports, the flowers in the platelet aggregation inhibitor for the adenine nucleoside (adenosine), still containing safflower polysaccharides. There are reports that, with yellow flowers (safflor yellow A), kaempferol, quercetin and kaempferol -3-- glucoside, Quercetin-3 - glucose glycosides, jue quercetin -7-- glucoside, kaempferol -3-- rutinoside and rutin (rutin). Safflower dyeing function Saffron (also known as red and blue grass) can be directly on the fiber dyeing, so the red dye occupies a very important position. Red was the color of Sui and Tang dynasties, the Tang Dynasty poem by Li in the "red flower color cover thousands of flowers, the blood did not increase either the gorilla," vividly colorful overview of the extraordinary effect of flowers. According to modern scientific analysis, safflower contain yellow and red pigments, including yellow pigment soluble in water and acidic solution, no dye value; the red pigment is readily soluble in alkaline aqueous solution, in neutral or weak acid solution can produce precipitation, the formation of red color lakes. In addition safflower can do rouge.
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Resource distribution
Safflower are distributed in most parts of China and cultivated, mainly in Henan, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Gansu and Yunnan. Mainly produced in Henan Fengqiu, Yanjin, Yucheng, China West, Changyuan, ningling; Sichuan Pyeongchang, Jianyang, Suining, Anyue, Ziyang, Tongjiang; Xinjiang Jimsar, Sara East, Qitai, call Figure wall, ho, Moji Sha, vegetables Le, Qapqal. In addition, Shandong Juye, Dingtao, Jiaxiang; Anhui Bozhou, doing nothing; Nantong, Jiangsu, such as the provincial judge, the golden altar; Cixi, Yuyao; Gansu Anxi, urn, Dunhuang; Yunnan Weishan, Yun County, there are certain Midu production. Henan Fengqiu, Yanjin safflower produced good quality for the authentic product.
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Medicinal plant cultivation
Biological characteristics like warm, dry climate, cold, drought, salinity, resistance to a thin ridge. Optimum germination temperature of 25 ℃, seedlings resistant to -5 ℃. Southern autumn growth period 200-250d, northern spring growth period 120d. To choose sunny, geothermal Gaozao, deep soil, medium fertility, good drainage, sandy loam planting appropriate. Avoid cropping, flowering avoid waterlogging. Before the legumes, cereal crops, and can be intercropped with vegetables. Pest control safflower anthracnose disease department with stems, leaves, buds. May on_set_, by the color purple or brown spindle-shaped lesion, and gradually expanded, slightly concave, and orange-red viscous substance, the withered stems, buds can not open. Control methods, the implementation of cropping. When the disease can Zineb wettable thiophanate 500-600 500-600 times or times of injection. Rust, humidity easy to disease, to be elected at the implementation of geothermal Gaozao crop rotation, seed disinfection. 15% triadimefon spray on_set_ 500 times. Safflower wilt, stem or main root damage, tissue damage and lead to round withered. May disease, 50% thiophanate-methyl can be 1000 times or 50% carbendazim 500-600 watering times IRRIGATING Department. Another Sclerotinia and other damage. There safflower fruit fly pest, with 90% of the crystal trichlorfon 800 times injection. Safflower means aphid, leaf damage and the young shoots, planted in late April absorb juice analysis, pharmaceutical science with flowers or 700-800 times with rotenone powder spray. Red to use tobacco soaked in water (1:10) 24h, heated to boiling, to filter out the residue, diluted with supernatant obtained, plus the best purple laundry as points, increasing adhesion, but also extended efficacy. Make use of Syrphidae are natural enemies to control.
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_Select_ed prescription
1. Huajiu red and blue side ("Golden Chamber"), with blood stasis, Li Qi analgesic power. 2. Taohongsiwutang ("Golden Mirror"), blood, blood, stasis. 3. Xuefuzhuyutang ("Medical forest error correction"), stasis, gas pain, attending the chest and blood stasis, poor blood, chest pain, headache unhealed course, pain such as acupuncture and has given place embolism. 4. Tongqiaohuoxue Tang ("Medical forest error correction"), blood Tongqiao, attending stasis head, face, headache, dizziness, or vitiligo, and women's TB dried blood, children Malnutrition and so on. 5 body pain Zhu Yu Tang ("Medical forest error correction"), blood circulation of qi, blood stasis and meridians, Tongbizhitong, attending blood meridian Blockage caused shoulder pain, arm pain, back pain, leg pain, or whole body pain, prolonged healing. 6. Decoction for Restoration ("medical invention"), stasis, liver meridians, treating bruises, bleeding to stay in Xiexia, can not tolerate the pain.
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Harvesting and storage
Flowering in late May, late May to mid-June and late flowering, picking batches. Election sunny day when the 6-8 morning until golden brown tubular flowers fully developed when picked too late and was too tired the tubular red and black, harvesting difficulties, poor quality, low yield. After some back to dry or drying temperature 40-60 ℃.
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Discusses various
1. "Tang Materia Medica": governance Koujin silence, the blood knot, various post-natal illness. 2. "Kai Bao Materia Medica ': the main post-natal blood Koujin, bad blood, not the intra-abdominal, cramps, abortion, and Jiuzhu service. Also the main Gudu of blood. 3. "Ben Cao Meng Quan": Houbi choking unreasonable, Daozhi pharynx. 4. "Outline": blood, dryness, pain, swelling powder, pass through. 5. "Herbal medicine is": the blood of smallpox hot hard out, scattered Needless spotted blood stagnation. 6. "Materia Medica and then new": water swelling, quiet child, falling stillbirth. 7. "Ben Cao Yan Yi Addendum": safflower, broken left blood, blood. Multi-purpose is Poxue, is less nourishing. 8. "Ben Cao Jing Shu": red and blue flowers, is the Blood Circulation to the drug. Its main postpartum blood halo Koujin who margin of no less than bad blood, red heart on the reverse, so the coma and the halo and Koujin, hepatic and heart, so that bad blood down, the halo and Koujin self-only. Abdominal cramps, due to bad blood, endless, stillbirth, blood is not under non-xue; stasis line is the blood of living, and it could be just cramps, also under the stillbirth. Red and blue flowers of the drug is also our blood, bruise solution, the lag line basis, over use can make more than blood and death. 9. "Materia Medica words": safflower, expelling blood, Blood, and blood, tone the blood of the drugs also. Births due to the main diseases of blood, however, is tired of the blood or blood halo, coma, without a word; or lochia grab the heart, umbilical abdominal cramps; or asphalt slurry difficult students,; or afterbirth does not fall, dead unborn child, is all the various labor certificate, non-red flowers can not be cured. If the post-natal blood halo, Koujin means take hold; or evil into the blood chamber, delirium mad; or blood swelling inside the stuffy, stiff servants such as death, all evidence is all post-partum, non-red flowers can not be. Where the barrier, such as amenorrhea for cold and heat, pain and Zihei dripping or expired, or flutter injury and blood stasis, ulcer or sore and swollen itching unrest, is not all blood and the evidence, not non-safflower tone. 10. "Drugs of justice": safflower, good Tom Lee, in turn, for the blood gas medicine, to diarrhea and can make up, have wonderful meaning. If more than three to four money is too Xin Wen, the blood got separated. With hematoxylin by bleeding, together cinnamon pass through the closed, Zuo go, Shao rule Bianshen or abdominal blood tingling, this is also its line of lead and blood. If less seven, eight, to liver qi to help the sea of blood, nourishing blood deficiency, this smooth but its tone and blood are; if only with two, three, and heart to with hard work, the dissolution of the Heart Sutra Xiehuo, so blood to reconcile, this is also its nourishing and blood; meaning of amount of weight, not at shallow fresh chai.
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Pharmacological effects
1 on the cardiovascular system: 1.1 Inhibition of cardiac function: Decoction of a small dose of safflower can toad isolated rabbit heart and the heart of mild excitement in the body, so that a strong heartbeat, the amplitude increase; high dose inhibitory effect on the heart, the heart rate, myocardial contractility, cardiac a reduction. 1.2 on the coronary blood flow experimental results show that: Water extract of saffron and saffron water-soluble compounds - YELLOW known to increase coronary blood flow and myocardial nutritional blood flow effect; and the expansion of ethanol extract of safflower and increase coronary blood flow to the role of the coronary not obvious or no effect. 1.3 on experimental myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction in experimental studies have shown that: In rabbits, rats, dogs, etc., causing myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction in animal models, safflower and its preparations have different degrees of antagonism. Safflower can pituitrin caused by rats or rabbits with acute myocardial ischemia have protective effects; can block the coronary blood flow caused by repeated short-term acute myocardial ischemia in anesthetized dogs reduced significantly, to narrow the scope, heart rate, and to protect the edge of the area of acute myocardial infarction, and reduced infarct area and reduce the marginal zone of the magnitude of ST-segment elevation, thereby improving ischemic myocardial oxygen supply and demand. 1.4. Safflower role of vascular research found that: Such as the first traces of containing epinephrine or norepinephrine Rockwell liquid perfusion vessels, vascular smooth muscle from animals to maintain a certain tension of the blood vessels, causing blood barrier may be similar to the people, state of blood stasis. Safflower can increase tension in guinea pigs hind legs and showing vasodilation of rabbit ears, and with the obvious effect of increased dosage, saffron can also increase blood flow in anesthetized dogs share, but the normal toad and rabbit isolated blood vessels can be make it contraction. That safflower dilation of blood vessels and vascular functional status and drug dose. The mechanism may be direct or part of the fight is mainly a-adrenergic receptors of the blood vessels to expand, and a weak direct vasoconstrictor effect. 1.5. Safflower in experimental animals with ischemic stroke caused by cerebral edema effects: Application of safflower injection (1ml containing crude drug lg), Mongolian gerbils for 63 to 30 minutes before surgery to at 10g/kg safflower ip injection, and the establishment of a surgical control group and the sham group was observed on safflower the impact of ischemic brain edema, and studied the same brain regions monoamine neurotransmitter levels change. The results suggest that safflower reduce the mechanism of ischemic brain edema, and it may affect the organization of monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism disorders. And further confirmed that safflower can indeed reduce the incidence of stroke and death in experimental animal brain infarction chest has a protective effect. 1.6. Antihypertensive effect: Saffron decoction, safflower yellow, and other agents on the anesthetized cats or dogs have different levels of the rapid antihypertensive effect, Hg average drop in blood pressure 20 minutes or so, lasted about 30 minutes after recovery. 1.7. Safflower yellow anticoagulant effect of experimental studies have shown that: (2) the impact of hypoxia on animals: 2.1 Anti-fatigue: Safflower yellow pigment 1100mg/kg in mice and the control group (with saline) compared to swimming time was prolonged, extended rate 117.O%, P <0.01. 2.2 hypoxia tolerance in mice the impact of: Mice ipll00mg/kg safflower yellow, and the control group (such as saline) compared to 30 minutes after drug administration, mice were placed in each containing 15g of sodium lime 125ml airtight glass bottles, to extend the survival time of the experimental group 48.8%, P <0.01. 2.3. Hypoxic tolerance in mice the impact of decompression: Ibid 30 minutes after administration in mice, the mice were placed in positions of equal volume within the sealed vacuum to vacuum 450mmHg, observed 60 minutes. The results compared with the control group, the survival rate (%) 15:10, treatment group to extend the survival time of 168.72%, P <0.001. 2.4 of isoproterenol to increase oxygen consumption in the adrenal experiments show that: Safflower yellow pigment can significantly prolong the survival time of decompression hypoxia (P <0.001), but the survival rate of increase is not obvious. 2.5 of NaNO2 toxic effects of hypoxia: Experimental group and control group of 10 mice given safflower yellow 1100mg/kg30 minutes later, two groups of animals were ip2% NaNO2 solution 0.1ml/10g, record survival time of mice. The results showed that safflower yellow group survival time (118.40 ± 84.31 minutes) than the control group survival time (56.30 ± 25.30 minutes) to extend the 110.3% (P <0.05). 2.6 on the effects of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia: 24 mice, divided into two groups. Ip safflower yellow 1100mg/kg after 30 minutes, with Yasuda's method measured slightly hypoxic ischemic brain changes. Breakage to the last observation time breathing. The results show that the mouse brain after ischemic hypoxia breathing duration, safflower yellow group (18.88 ± 4.02s) than the control group (12.83 ± 4.11s) has significantly extended its extension rate was 47.2% (P < 0.01). 2.7 The impact of myocardial ischemia: Safflower yellow pigment can significantly increase the isolated rabbit heart and coronary flow during myocardial ischemia. From the perfusion side of the tube into the 22% safflower yellow 0.2ml 1,3,5,7,10 minutes continuous recording flow, whichever is the mean to compare before and after administration of the coronary blood flow. Results When the injection l minutes the most significant increase in coronary blood flow (P <0.001), 7 minutes after the administration of gradually restored to the level before. Nitrogen under hypoxic conditions, coronary blood flow also increased significantly 1-3 minutes (P <0.01), 5 minutes after the flow decreased. Safflower extract 4.0g/kg ethanol ip to rats and mice saffron decoction 1.0g/kg ip, hypoxia can significantly prolong the survival time under the conditions. 3 of the uterus: Saffron decoction of mice, guinea pigs, rabbits and dogs are excited about the role of the uterus in vitro. Animal experiments show anesthetic, decoction iv in mice, cats and dogs reign of the uterus also has stimulant. Either in vitro or in tension in the house or after the administration (and) a marked increase rhythm, and sometimes a strong stimulant, can cause cramps. The role of the uterus have been pregnant than those who are not pregnant are more apparent. Rabbit uterine fistula after iv decoction excitatory response also appear uterine contraction frequency increases, rate increase, a more lasting effect. Also reported in the removal of the ovaries of mice injected around the vagina saffron decoction can significantly increase uterine weight, suggesting estrogen-like effect. 4. Analgesia and sedation: 5 anti-inflammatory effect: 5.1 of formaldehyde on rat paw edema effects: 15 rats were divided into three groups, respectively ipll00mg/kg safflower yellow, hydrocortisone 20mg/kg and saline. 30 minutes after administration, the left and right paw Department sc2.5% formaldehyde solution 0.05ml-induced inflammation, inflammation after 1,3,5,7,24 hours for sub-scale measuring the thickness of rat paw swelling, and with cause foot swelling before the thickness of inflammation compared to calculate the drug group at different times of foot swelling rate. The results of the formaldehyde of safflower yellow paw swelling was significantly inhibited (P <O.001). 5.2 capillary permeability in rats: 14 rats, divided into 2 groups, treatment group ipll00mg/kg safflower yellow, in the control group given saline. After 30 minutes, in the rat abdominal intradermal histamine phosphate 50? G/0.05ml, immediately ivl% Evans blue 10mg/kg. Animals were decapitated after 20 minutes, peel skin, site intradermal injection of histamine observed blue-stained area compared between the two groups. Results of safflower yellow stained area and the control group were 63.6 ± 9.9mm2 and 582.3 ± 6.6mm2 (X ± SD). Treatment group the inhibition rate was 89.1% (P <0.001). That of histamine-induced rat skin capillary permeability increase significantly inhibited. 5.3 of granuloma formation in rats: Use cotton balls, etc. Meier's method, on both sides of the axillary skin in rats re-10mg each buried a sterile cotton balls. Experimental group of 7 rats each day ipll00mg/kg safflower yellow, 5 rats in the control group with normal saline, were administered for 4 days. D5-day animals were killed, out of cotton balls granulation tissue, dry weight. Compared two groups of granuloma formation inhibition. Results of safflower yellow on the formation of granuloma in rats significantly inhibited (P <0.001). 6. Immunocompetence: Safflower polysaccharides of higher plants is different from the a-bond in connection polysaccharides, similar to the bacterial source of polysaccharides. From in vitro lymphocyte transformation test showed that safflower polysaccharides with T cells mitogen ConA induced a synergistic effect on B cells induced mitogen-Dex-TCMLIBansulfate no significant effect. But PFC in vivo experiments, safflower polysaccharides and is generally believed that the role of the APS on the role of B cells was consistent. Injected mice with safflower polysaccharides at different times, mice PFC value changes are different: the treatment group after sensitization PFC is promoted, and before the administration of sensitized anti-PFC group was suppressed. That safflower polysaccharides also shows two-way nature of the immune drugs. Safflower polysaccharides can significantly against the immunosuppressive effects of prednisolone, prednisolone suppression of its immune-enhancing effects in mice than in normal mice was more effective. Therefore, safflower polysaccharides can promote lymph cell transformation, increased spleen cells of sheep red blood cell plaque-forming cells against prednisolone immunosuppression, etc., that it is a new, worthy of further study of the immune agent. Another safflower total flavin (SY) reduce serum lysozyme levels, peritoneal macrophages and whole blood leukocyte phagocytosis; the PFC, SRFC, and antibody production was reduced; suppress DH responses and SOI-induced Ts cell activation in vitro, SY0. 03-3.0,0.1-2. O inhibition of TdR incorporation and 0.1-2.5mg/ml T, B lymphocyte, MLC reaction, IL2 production and activity. 7 The role of the nervous system: Mice ip safflower yellow 0.55g/kg, 1.1g/kg, injection of sodium pentobarbital on the threshold dose of 0.3g/kg or threshold dose of chloral hydrate 0.25g/kg mice, can improve sleep rate (P <0.01, P <0.001), shows significantly enhanced pentobarbital sodium and chloral hydrate central inhibition and its role in strength and dosage into a parallel relationship. 1.1g/kg safflower yellow mice ip, can significantly reduce the nikethamide response in mice caused convulsions and death (P <0.05), but not against pentylenetetrazol, caffeine and nitric leaf? alkali-induced convulsions and death. Safflower injection 10g/kg, Mongolia SARS mouse ip, can reduce the side of the left common carotid artery ligation in the incidence of stroke, significantly reduced cerebral edema caused by the stroke, indicating that safflower may reduce the incidence of stroke and cerebral edema to some extent. Because saffron can support the expansion cycle, increasing blood flow to ischemic areas, thereby reducing cerebral edema. Safflower can reduce brain monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism disorders, decreased neurotransmitter recovery to normal or near normal. This could also reduce the saffron one of the mechanisms of brain edema.
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Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine
1 flowers with red and yellow pigment, isolated from: safflower glycosides (carthamin), the former safflower glycosides (precarthamin), safflower yellow pigment (safflow yellow) A and B [1-3], safflower Ming glycosides (safflominA) A. They contain polyphenolic components: chlorogenic acid (chlorogenic acid), plus brown acid (caffeic acid), catechol (cate-chol), focus of catechol (pyrocatechol), dopa (dopa). Also contain volatile components eighty species have been identified for the structure are: ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate), benzene (benzene), 1 - penten-3 - ol (pent-1-en-3-ol), 3 - hexanol (3-hexanol), 2 - hexanol (2-hexanol), (E) -2 - hexene aldehyde [(E)-2-hexenal], 3 - methyl-butyric acid (3-methyl butyric acid ), 2 - methyl-butyric acid (2-methy butyric acid), ethylbenzene (ethylbenzene), xylene (p-xylene), xylene (o-xylene), benzene, acetaldehyde (phenyl acetaldehyde), nonyl aldehyde (nonanal), terpinen-4 - ol (terpinen-4-ol), Ma revolution enone (verbenone), decyl aldehyde (decanal), benzothiazole (benzothia-zole), (E, E) -2, 4-- decyl diene aldehyde [(E, E) -2,4-decadienal], cinnamic acid methyl ester (methyl cinnamate), 1,2,3 - trimethoxy -5-- methyl-benzene (1,2,3 -TCMLIBimethoxy-5-methylbenzene), α-(ancient king) (king bar) ene (α-copaene), 1 - twenty-four carbenes (1-teTCMLIBadecene), α-Cedrene (α-cedrene), caryophyllene ( caryophyllene), (E)-β-farnesene [(E)-β-farnesene], Humulus ene (humulene), β-ionone (β-ionone), β-Selinene (β-selinene), dihydro macaque peach lactone (dihydroac-tinidiolide), 1 - fifteen carbenes (1-pentadecene), ζ-Cubeb ene (ζ-cadinene), caryophyllene epoxide (caryophyllene epoxide), 1 - hexadecenal ene (1-hexadecene), 1,3,5,11 - thirteen carbon tetraene -7,9 - diyne (1,3,5,11-TCMLIBidecateTCMLIBaene-7 ,9-diyne), (E, E, E), (E, Z, E) and (Z, E, E) of the three isomers, (Z, Z) -1,3,11 - thirteen carbon leukotriene -5,7,9 - Three acetylene [(Z, Z) -1,3,11-TCMLIBidecaTCMLIBiene-5 ,7,9-TCMLIBiyen], (Z, Z) -1,8,11 - seventeen carbon triene [(Z, Z) -1 ,8,11-heptadecaTCMLIBiene], 1,3,11 - thirteen carbon leukotriene -5,7,9 - three acetylene (1,2,33-TCMLIBidecaTCMLIBiene-5 ,7,9-TCMLIBiyne) of (Z, E ) and (E, E) of the two isomers, (Z, Z, Z) -1,8,11,14 - seventeen carbon tetraene [(Z, Z, Z) -1,8-11, 14-hep-tadecateTCMLIBaene], (Z) -1,11 - thirteen carbon diene -3,5,7,9 - four acetylene [(Z) -1,3,5 - thirteen carbon triene-7, 9-11-- three acetylene] [(E, Z) -1,3,5-TCMLIBidecaTCMLIBiene-7 ,9,11-TCMLIBiyen], 1 - seventeen carbenes (1-heptadecaene), (E) -1,3 ,5-TCMLIBidecaTCMLIBiene-7 ,9,11-TCMLIBiyne], 1,3 - thirteen carbon diene -5,7,9,11 - four acetylene (1,3-TCMLIBidecadiene-5 ,7,9-teTCMLIBayne), 1,3 - thirteen carbon diene -5,5,7,9 - four acetylene [(E) -1,11-TCMLIBidecadiene-3 ,5,7,9-teTCMLIBayne], 1,3 - thirteen C2 ene -5,7,9,11 - four acetylene (1,3-TCMLIBidecadiene-5 ,7,9,11-teTCMLIBayne) are (E) and (Z) isomers, (E, E) -1 , 3,5 - thirteen carbon leukotriene -7,9,11 - three acetylene [(E, E) -1,3,5-TCMLIBideca-TCMLIBiene-7 ,9,11-TCMLIBiyne], 3 - methylbutyrate acid -4,6 - sebacic acetylene - 1 - ol esters (deca-4 ,6-diyn-1-yl 3-methylbutyrate), 1 - thirteen carbenes -3,5,7,9,11 - Five-acetylene (1-TCMLIBidecene-3 ,5,7,9,11-pentayne)], 3 - methyl-butyric acid - (Z) -8 - decene 4,6 - diyne alcohol -1-- ester [(Z) -8 - decene-4, 6 - diyne - 1 - ol ester [(E, Z) -2,8-decadiene-4 ,6-diyn-1-yl 3-methyl butyrate] and so on. And is content with the minimum of the benzene ring and sulfur amino acids. Also contains rhamnose (rhamnose), arabinose (arabinose), xylose (xylose), glucose (glucose), mannose (mannose), nonacosane (nonacosane), β-sitosterol (β-sitosterol), palmitic acid (palmitic acid), myristic acid (myristic acid), lauric acid (lauric acid), α, γ-two palmitic acid ester (α, γ-dipalmitin), oleic acid (oleic acid), linoleic acid ( linoleic acid), β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside (β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside). The other polysaccharide-containing safflower, by the glucose, xylose, arabinose and galactose (galactose) joined by β-chain of a polysaccharide. And with a blood pressure lowering effect of glycerol - furan Ara - glucopyranoside [propaneTCMLIBiol-α-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyrano-side]. New money bud with luteolin-7-O-glucoside (luteolin-7-O-gluco-side), cholesterol (cholesterol), stigmasterol (stigmasterol), β-sitosterol, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid (stearic acid), arachidic acid (arachidic acid).
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Effect
Promoting blood circulation; stasis and relieve pain
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Therapeutic effect
Safflower spicy, warm, heart, liver Gas line loose incense, into the blood with the blood circulation, blood stasis and analgesic effect Indications dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, postpartum blood halo, stasis, abdominal pain, chest pain, blood volume, bone bruising, joint pain, stroke, paralysis, rash, dark purple.
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Research
1 from "The sketches by": red and blue flowers, which flowers are. This everywhere with them. Changpu the kinds of people, winter and Buzi in cultivated land, to spring seedlings, summer is a flower, testimony Qiu exchange, prickly, on the flower out of Qiu, Cheng-po people's open-pit mining, mining has been back to try and strike. Qiu in the strong, white teeth, such as a large bean. The flowers dry to storm really red dye, and for Yan fat. Leukemia to win the main post. In fact, likewise. Leaves resembling blue, so blue name. 2. "Materia Medica above hook element": red and blue flowers, nourishing decoction, Poxue Jiuzhu.
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Section is classified
Asteraceae
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Latin name
Flos Carthami
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Drugs (poison) Science
Toxicity: safflower yellow injection of mice LD50 2.35 ± 0.14g/kg. Alcohol extract of safflower fatty red static drugs on mice LD50 5.3g/kg. Saffron decoction of MLD mice 1p approximately 1.2g/kg. Mice iv alcohol extract LD505.3g (quite crude drug) / kg. Safflower glycosides mice 1v LD50 of 2.35 ± 0.14g/kg, po safe dose> 8g/kg. 50% of safflower injection to the rabbit eye, conjunctival irritation; no hemolysis in vitro; mice ip12.5g/kg, observed two days is not fatal, and no toxicity. Safflower yellow pigment ip and ig LD50 in mice 72 hours, respectively 5.49g/kg, 5.53g/kg, increased activity in mice died there, line up instability, shortness of breath, vertical tail, then tonic convulsions occurred, Finally, respiratory depression. Most died within 24 hours. Safflower yellow pigment of the sub-acute toxicity observed in rabbits, 10 rats were randomly divided into control group 4, the experimental group 6, ig550mg/kg, 1 day, 10 days, three rabbits in the experimental group after treatment 3 days, the other three at 20 days after drug withdrawal were sacrificed, body weight, hemoglobin, leukocytes and platelet counts, organ weight and histological examination showed no significant effect. Safflower glycosides young rats fed mixed feed, the daily intake of about 0.015-1.5g/kg, continuous 3mo. The results of blood and liver, no significant changes in renal function, heart, liver, kidney, stomach, intestines and other organs of the form also found no abnormalities.
The more herbs in safflower, high 50-100cm. Stems erect, on the part of the branches, white or pale white, smooth and hairless. Leaves alternate; sessile; in the lower stem leaves lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or oval-shaped bar, length 7-15cm, width 2.5-6cm, serrated edge of a large, heavy teeth, small teeth or entire, thin feather-deep crack, a needle tip, needle and long 1-1.5mm, up leaves gradually smaller, lanceolate, margin serrate, tip needle is longer, up to 3mm; all leaf quality hard, leathery, glabrous, without glands, shiny. Capitulum majority, the top of the stems and branches arranged in corymbs, surrounded by the bracts; bracts oval or ovate-lanceolate, with needle tip length 2.5-3cm, the edge with or without acupuncture; involucre sheet-shaped, diameter 2.5cm; phyllaries 4-layer, harp-shaped outer, middle or lower part of a collection constriction, constriction received more than the quality of green leaves, edge toothed comb without acupuncture or acupuncture, received the following constriction yellow-white; in the inner dural mass, down to the long oval lanceolate oblanceolate, up to 2.2cm, apex acuminate; all bracts glabrous, without glands; flowers red, orange, all sexes, Corolla Length 2.8cm, thin tube Minister 2cm, the Ministry of corolla lobes almost canopy base. Achene obovate, 5.5mm, width 5mm, white, four edges, without pappus. Fruit period from May to August.
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Effectiveness of classification
Blood agents; painkillers
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Processing methods
Sorting net impurities, remove stems and leaves, pedicle head, and dried.
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Identification of raw medicinal herbs
Traits identified as non-tape room tubular flowers, long 1-2cm. Surface of the red and yellow or red. Corolla tube slender, tip 5 lobed, lobes narrow strip was a long 5-8mm. Stamens 5, anthers aggregated into a tube shape, yellow-white. Stigma long and cylindrical, the top micro-bifurcation. Is soft. Gas slightly fragrant, slightly bitter taste. To corolla length, color red, bright, soft and no branches Cizhe better. Microscopic characteristics of powder characteristics: orange. ① elongated tubular secretory cells, often located next to the tube diameter to about 66μm, with yellow-brown to reddish brown discharge. ② corolla lobes top epidermal cell wall was a short villous processes. ③ stigma and Style upper epidermal cells to differentiate into hair cells, single cone, apex acute or slightly obtuse. ④ pollen yellow, round, oval or olive, to a diameter of about 60μm, with three holes germination, the outer wall of a dentate processes. ⑤ calcium oxalate crystal diameter of 2-6μm, present in the thin-walled cells.
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Identification of drug use
Hematoxylin, safflower similar function, are a stasis, pass through the analgesic effect, and both can and blood, expelling, supplementation and attack, then flowers and warm, and cool and can Qufeng hematoxylin , safflower tyranny Blood, hematoxylin and wind energy spread table.
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Taste
Weixin; and warm
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Chinese chemical identification
Physical and chemical identification of this product 1g, plus 70% ethanol 10ml, clear dip. Inclined to take leachate, leachate hoisted on a filter paper, 5min after the filter paper into the water, then remove the upper part of filter paper was yellow, the lower part was pink. (Check safflower glycosides)
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Chinese pharmaceutical process
Product Specifications 1 class: shrink bent tubular flowers, into a corporation or scattered. Surface of the deep red, bright red, yellow microstrip, no leaves, impurities. 2 Second: surface light red, dark red or yellow, more than one and so on. Medicine-based source Compositae safflower flowers.
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Dosage
Oral: Jiantang ,3-10g. Blood and blood should be less; stasis should be multi-purpose.
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Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 edition
Name: Safflower Pinyin: Honghua English name: FLOS CARTHAMI Base of the original: Safflower Carthamus tinctorius L. Compositae product of dried flowers. From yellow to red flowers in summer, when picking, dried or dried. Characters: This product is no tape of the tubular housing, long 1-2cm. Surface of the red and yellow or red. Corolla tube slender, tip 5 lobed, lobes narrow strip was a long 5-8mm; stamens 5, anthers aggregated into a tube shape, yellow-white; stigma long and cylindrical, the top micro-bifurcation. Is soft. Gas slightly fragrant, slightly bitter taste. Identification: (1) the product powder orange. Corolla, filaments, stigma fragments common, there are long tubular secretory cells, often located adjacent to catheter diameter to about 66μm, with yellow-brown to reddish brown discharge. Corolla lobes top epidermal cell wall was a short villous processes. Style stigma and upper epidermal cells to differentiate into hair cells, single cone, apex acute or slightly obtuse. Pollen grains are round, oval or olive, to a diameter of about 60μm, with three holes germination, the outer wall of a dentate processes. Calcium oxalate crystals present in thin-walled cells, diameter of 2-6μm. (2) of this product powder 0.5g, plus 80% acetone solution 5ml, Mesa. Shake for 15 minutes, put it aside, the supernatant, as the test solution. Alternative medicine safflower control 0.5g, with the rule of law, medicine solution. According to TLC (Appendix Ⅵ B) experiment, to learn the two solutions of 5μl, respectively, at the same point with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder of silica gel H thin layer plate, ethyl acetate - formic acid - water - methanol (7:2:3:0.4) for the launch of Lee, started out to dry. Test products for chromatography, chromatography with the reference drug corresponding position, substantially the same color spots. Check: Impurities not more than 2% (Appendix Ⅸ A). Determination of water according to water (Appendix Ⅸ H first method). 13.0% had not. Not over 15.0% of total ash (Appendix Ⅸ K). Drunk-insoluble ash not over 5.0% (Appendix Ⅸ K). Red pigment absorbance of this product, _set_ the dryer silicone dry for 24 hours, and research into powder, take about 0.25g, accurately weighed, _set_ Erlenmeyer flask. Plus 80% acetone solution 50ml, connect the condenser, _set_ the 50 ℃ water bath temperature and dip 90 minutes. Let cool. Melting glass with a three vertical funnel filtration, the filtrate collected in 100ml flask. Stuffed with a solution of 25ml 80% C graded wash, lotion into the flask. Plus 80% acetone solution to the mark, shake, according to ultraviolet - visible spectrophotometry (Appendix Ⅴ A). In the 518nm wavelength absorbance was measured, not less than 0.20 Extract: Determination of water-soluble extract according to law under the cold soak method (Appendix Ⅹ A) the determination of not less than 30.0%. Determination: HSYA A according to high-performance liquid chromatography (appendix Ⅵ D) determination. Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test to octadecyl silane bonded silica as a filler; methanol - have nitrile -0.7% phosphoric acid (26:2:72) as mobile phase; detection wavelength of 403nm. Number of theoretical plates HSYA A peak should not be less than 3000. Preparation of standard solutions that take precise HSYA A reference substance, add 25% methanol containing 0.13mg per 1ml of solution, that is, too. Preparation of the test solution to take the product powder (over on the 3rd screen) of about 0.4g, accurately weighed, and placing a conical flask, add 25% methanol precision 50ml, said that given the weight. Ultrasound treatment (power 300W, frequency 50kHz) 40 minutes, let cool. Then said that given the weight. With 25% methanol to complement the weight loss, shaking, filtration, the filtrate obtained, that too. Determination of precision drawing reference substance solution and test solution of 10μl, into the liquid chromatograph to measure, that too. The dried product by product basis, with HSYA A (C27H30O15) not less than 1.0%. Kaempferol according to high-performance liquid chromatography (appendix Ⅵ D) determination. Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test to octadecyl silane bonded silica as a filler; methanol -0.4% phosphoric acid (52:48) as mobile phase; detection wavelength of 367nm. Number of theoretical plates kaempferol peak should not be less than 3000. Preparation of standard solutions that take precise mountain to Nai appropriate reference. Plus acid per 1ml of solution containing 9μg, that too. Preparation of the test solution to take the product powder (over on the 3rd screen) met 0.5g. Precision _set_ that, sophisticated by adding methanol 25ml, said that given the weight, refluxed 30 minutes. Let cool, then said that given the weight of methanol to complement the weight loss, shaking, filtration. Precise amount of filtrate added 15ml, _set_ in flat-bottomed flask. Hydrochloric acid solution (15 → 37) 5ml. Shake, hydrolysis of heated water bath for 30 minutes, immediately cooled, transferred to a 25ml volumetric flask, diluted with methanol to the mark, shake, filtration, the filtrate obtained, that too. Determination of precision drawing reference substance solution and test solution of 10μl, into the liquid chromatograph to measure, that too. The dried product by product basis, Hanshan Nai Su (C15H10O6) not less than 0.050%.
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Chinese herbal medicine
FLOS CARTHAMI
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Medical Dictionary
Asteraceae. Annual or biennial herb. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, thorn-like sharp teeth edge. Like all of the tubular-shaped flower, yellow during the initial period, changed to orange. Achene white. Flowering from June to July, the fruit of 8 to 9 months. Like warm, dry climate, there are some cold, drought, salt tolerance, not waterlogging. Egyptian origin, is now in Europe, America, Australia and China, are cultivated in many places.
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Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 edition
Safflower Pinyin: Honghua English name: FLOSCARTHAMI Page number: 2000 a -119 This product Compositae safflower CarthamustinctoriusL.'s Dried flowers. From yellow to red flowers in summer, when taken Abstract, dried or dried. 【Properties】 This product is not tape the tubular housing, long 1 ~ 2cm. Surface of the red and yellow or red. Corolla tube slender , Tip 5 lobed, lobes were narrow strip, long 5 ~ 8mm. Stamens 5, anthers aggregated into a tube shape, yellow-white; stigma oval Column, the top micro-bifurcation. Is soft. Gas slightly fragrant, slightly bitter taste. [Identification] (1) the product powder orange. Corolla, filaments, stigma fragments common, with a long thin pipe-like secretion Cell, often located adjacent to catheter diameter to about 66μm, with yellow-brown to reddish brown discharge. Corolla lobes thin top skin Cell wall showed a short villous processes. Style stigma and upper epidermal cells to differentiate into hair cells, single cone, apex acute or slightly Blunt. Pollen grains are round, oval or olive, to a diameter of about 60μm, with three holes germination, the outer wall of a dens Onwards. Calcium oxalate crystals present in thin-walled cells, diameter of 2 ~ 6μm. (2) of this product powder 0.5g, plus 80% acetone solution 5ml, Mesa, shaking for 15 minutes, put it aside, supernatant Solution, as the test solution. Alternative medicine safflower control 0.5g, with the rule of law, medicine solution. According to TLC (Appendix Ⅵ B) experiment, to learn the two solutions of 5μl, respectively, at the same point for the bonding of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Agent of silica gel H thin layer plate, ethyl acetate - formic acid - water - methanol (7:2:3:0.4) as the agent, started taking Out to dry. Test products for chromatography, chromatography with the reference drug corresponding position, substantially the same color spots. [Check] impurities not more than 2% (Appendix Ⅸ A). Determination of water according to water (Appendix Ⅸ H first method), not over 13.0%. Not over 15.0% of total ash (Appendix Ⅸ K). Yellow pigment absorption of this product, _set_ the dryer silicone dry for 24 hours, and research into a fine powder, accurately weighed 0.1g _Set_ conical flask, add water, 150ml, soak 1 hour, shaking from time to time, with the filter paper filtration, the filtrate flask 500ml , Fractional water filter paper and residue to wash lotion colorless, add water to the mark, shake, according to spectrophotometry (Appendix Ⅴ B), was measured at 401nm wavelength absorption, not less than 0.40. Take the red pigment powder of about 0.25g, accurately weighed, _set_ conical flask, add 80% acetone solution 50ml, even Connected the condenser. _Set_ 50 ℃ water bath temperature and immersion on 90 minutes, let cool, with 3 vertical melting glass filtration funnel, collecting the filtrate in 100ml flask, 25ml with 80% acetone graded wash, lotion into the flask, add 80% acetone solution to the moment Degree, shake, according to spectrophotometry (Appendix Ⅴ B), was measured at 518nm wavelength absorption, not less than 0.20 . [Owned by] the properties and acrid, warm. Heart, liver. 【Functions and Indications promoting blood circulation, stasis pain. For amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, lochia not, levy} {Zheng Jia lump in the abdomen, Flutter injury, sore throat. Usage and Dosage】 3 ~ 9g. [Note] pregnant women with caution. 【Storage】 Store in cool dry place, moisture, decay.
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Encyclopedia
honghua Safflower Carthamus tinctorius ① physical name. The Ming Hongji "Descent profile regimen secret treasure." Special language for the surgery room. Specific to women's menstruation. See section menstruation. ② name of the drug. Out, "Kai Bao Materia Medica." This product Asteraceae biennial plant vegetation of the tube-shaped flowers Carthamus.Tmctorius Corolla. Of spicy warm, heart, liver. Efficacy: stasis, pass through. Applications: a. for dysmenorrhea, son pain, fine closed. b. dark color for the spotted fever due to blood stagnation Yu. Dosage: 3 ~ 10g. Caution: during pregnancy.
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English Expression
: Flos Carthami, Carthamus tinctorius linne
n.: safflower
Thesaurus
carthamus tinctoriu, honglanhua Gonghua Village Safflower Juweihui, safflower Community Gonghua Town gonghua Township Gonghua Subdistrict