the Book of Odes > Hiroto
Contents
《Shuo Ren》
Poet: Wei Feng

　　Large was she and tall,
　　In her embroidered robe, with a [plain] single garment over it: --
　　The daughter of the marquis of Qi.
　　The wife of the marquis of Wei,
　　The sister of the heir-son of Tong
　　The sister-in-law of the marquis of Xing,
　　The viscount of Tan also her brother-in-law.
　　
　　Her fingers were like the blades of the young white-grass;
　　Her skin was like congealed ointment;
　　Her neck was like the tree-grub;
　　Her teeth were like melon seeds;
　　Her forehead cicada-like; her eyebrows like [the antenne of] the silkworm moth;
　　What dimples, as she artfully smiled!
　　How lovely her eyes, with the black and white so well defined!
　　
　　Large was she and tall,
　　When she halted in the cultivated suburbs.
　　Strong looked her four horses,
　　With the red ornaments so rich about their bits.
　　Thus in her carriage, with its screens of pheasant feathers,
　　she proceeded to our court.
　　Early retire, ye great officers,
　　And do not make the marquis fatiqued!
　　
　　The waters of the He, wide and deep,
　　Flow northwards in majestic course.
　　The nets are dropt into them with a plashing sound,
　　Among shoals of sturgeon, large and small,
　　While the rushes and sedges are rank about.
　　Splendidly adorned were her sister ladies;
　　Martial looked the attendant officers.
No. 2
　　"Poetry of Wei" English Version. Qiguo Guo Jun's daughter, married Jiang Weiguo Zhuang, Wei Zhuang Gongfu for the people, defending people praise her for this poem. Poem with a hand like physique, skin as creamy "and many praised the village metaphor ginger beauty, and their descendants who then submitted master" for the beauty of representative said.
Translated by Google
No. 3
硕人
　　Beauty. "Poetry of Wei Shuo" and: "Hiroto their Qi, Yi Jiong Jin Yi." Zheng Xuan 笺: "Master, big too, made a long Zhuang Li Jun Jiang a good instrument, Qi Qi, Ran."
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No. 4
　　Virtuous people. "Poetry Bei Feng Chien Xi": "Hiroto Minamata Minamata, public court the dancing." Mao Biography: "Master of people, monks also." "Later Han Zhou Chuan Huang Xu Jiang Shentu praise": "desolately Hiroto, Ling A poor back. "Li Xian Note:" Master of people, that the Sage. "" Wei Shu Gao Zu Ji on ":" si Recommendation for those who are more not in fact, Shuo quiet person so Impasse narrow, ignorant person so super-sub jump into, not at those who have so-called Jing Yin Shu-Te? "Song Wang," Ji Zhong Yan Wen Fan Yingzhou City ":" Master of people this fall, Premier of worry. "Qing Zhao Yi," Hanlin Academy with land Si-Han Changli Temple is said "Poetry:" I'll Show Ye chat mockery, do not place people complain about the Environment Master. "
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No. 5
　　Song women's title. After the woman, the honorific. Song Pang Yuanying "On Cao Yong Tau Wife": "assistant minister Cao Yong Li's wife, Hiroto, Yuyao Han women." Qing Wang Shizhen "Hong ancestral notes" Book Nine: "" Fuso small slips "made by the woman title, since his wife Following all eight other. Shuo Feng as assistant minister for more than one ... ... this are all the time. Hiroto, Ru Ren, the woman was known as carry on. "
Translated by Google
"Book of Wei Shuo people."
　　Dirt: Tone 'exclusion', onomatopoeia;
　　Zhan: Tone 'stick', sturgeon fish, a red carp says
　　Tuna: sturgeon, one that Cyprinus
　　Hair: Tone 'Bobo' fishtail splashing into the water of the sound, one that is filled appearance)
Translated by Google
全文观略
　　硕人其颀，衣锦褧衣。齐侯之子，卫侯之妻。东宫之妹，邢侯之姨，谭公维私。
　　手如柔荑，肤如凝脂，领如蝤蛴，齿如瓠犀，螓首蛾眉，巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮。
　　硕人敖敖，说于农郊。四牡有骄，朱幩镳镳。翟茀以朝。大夫夙退，无使君劳。
　　河水洋洋，北流活活。施罛濊濊，鳣鲔发发。葭菼揭揭，庶姜孽孽，庶士有朅。
译文
　　窈窕淑女体修长，披风罩在锦衣上；齐侯女儿多娇贵，嫁给卫侯到吾乡。
　　她和太子同胞生，也是邢侯小姨妹，谭公是她亲姐丈。
　　双手白嫩如春荑，肤如凝脂细又腻；脖颈粉白如蝤蛴，齿如瓜子白又齐；
　　额头方正蛾眉细，笑靥醉人真美丽，秋波流动蕴情意。
　　窈窕淑女身材高，驻马停车在城郊；四匹雄马多矫健，马辔两边红绸飘，
　　鸟羽饰车好上朝；诸位大夫该早退，别让国君太操劳。
　　黄河之水声势大，奔腾向北哗啦啦；撒开鱼网呼呼响，鳣鲔跳跃泼剌剌，
　　芦荻稠密又挺拔。陪嫁女子服饰美，媵臣英武又高大。
链接
　　《硕人》是《诗经》“卫风”中的一首，赞美的是齐庄公的女儿，卫庄公的老婆庄姜夫人的诗。庄姜夫人如诗中提到，是当时齐国太子得臣的妹妹——可别小看这句“东宫之妹”，这是明写庄姜夫人跟太子是一母所生，也就是王后所生，凸显她娇贵的身份。有人说这位美丽的庄姜夫人嫁给卫庄公之后，受到了冷落谗嫉，没有子嗣，所以卫人同情她，为她做了这首赞美诗——这个“有人说”来自《左传》，力挺者是朱熹，不过这个解释向来很有争议，后人多认为这首诗看不出什么同情怜悯的成分，纯粹是赞美，是庄姜嫁到卫国时卫国人拍马屁的诗。从解释的不同看起来，朱夫子也不是纯粹道学，相当有人情味儿——我也宁愿相信这是人民同情美而无子的王后所做的诗也不愿相信这是无聊文人拍新女主人的马屁写的应制歌。
　　就算不看诗中的生僻字，单从字面也很好理解这首诗赞美的是庄姜夫人的美丽——其实这首诗里多数的语句还是在写庄姜的出身和排场，真正的外貌描写不过是“硕人其颀，衣锦褧衣”这一句和“手如柔荑，肤如凝脂，领如蝤蛴，齿如瓠犀，螓首蛾眉，巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮”这一段。
　　简单解释一下：“硕人”，原意是高大白胖的人，引申为美女，可见公元前七百多年的春秋时代，人们（至少是卫国的人们）喜欢高大丰满、皮肤白皙的美人，健康美还是比较吃香的。由此我们可以联想起古希腊罗马时代的女神雕像，无论哪一个都是高大丰腴、有着结实的臂膀、修长的双腿和一个圆润的小肚子——可见在人类的“先民”时期，无论东方还是西方，都是喜欢那种高大丰硕型的美女，可以说，其审美观是十分健康的。究其所以，还是“美与善相统一”的规则在起作用，先民时期的人们，受自然条件所限，寿命没有现在长，高大健硕的女人至少代表着健康、宜生养，所以，是“好”的，因此也就是美的。女人圆润丰满的身体，就如灌满浆的稻谷，代表了一种生命力，在与天地战斗、生命权得不到保障的岁月里，还有什么比这更能激发人关于“美好”的想象呢？至于“白皙是美的”这个观念，千百年来一直被我们所承认；伊丽莎白一世女王正因其苍白的面容而被赞誉为“有圣处女一般的容貌”；十八世纪的法国贵妇，为了使自己变得更白，不惜往脸上涂抹诸如鳄鱼粪便这种恶心的东西。（黑皮肤也很美，是现代才有的审美观。近几十年，法国女人才流行起黝黑明亮的皮肤，就算巴黎没有海，也要拜托市长在塞纳河边铺上海边才有的细沙然后大家去晒太阳。）而在中国古代也是以白为美的，李渔在《闲情偶寄》“声容部”中说：“……妇人本质，惟白最难。多受精血而成胎者，其人生出必白……”可见，“白”是中国古代一贯千年的审美观——总之，高大，说明出身娇贵、吃得好、营养好；白皙，说明她不用去室外劳动，从不经风吹日晒，可以说，这是一种属于贵族的美，是一种贵族时尚，除非天生丽质，老百姓是追不起的。“硕人其颀”是说“这位高挑的美女身材真修长啊”，原来古人所谓的高大白胖，是要求凹凸有致，不止是一味的胖下去，还需要颀长优美才是好的；“衣锦褧衣”是说“她穿着锦帛织成的长斗篷”，这位庄姜夫人，不仅美，而且挺会穿，因为身材高，再穿个长斗篷，看起来就会格外修长。
　　“手如柔荑，肤如凝脂，领如蝤蛴，齿如瓠犀。螓首蛾眉，巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮”这一段已经成为了千古传诵的写美女的名句，意思是：手指像细草般柔软灵活，雪白的皮肤像凝脂一般光洁平滑，脖子像天牛的幼虫那样既白且长，牙齿像瓜子儿一样扁而整齐；她额头丰满眉毛弯弯，浅笑盈盈，还有两个酒窝，眼睛黑白分明顾盼生波——看看吧，令人惊叹吧？庄姜夫人几乎没有缺点啊！弯眉亮眼、皮肤雪白、额头丰满、长长脖子、牙齿整齐、手指滑腻……甚至还有俩酒窝……好事儿都让她赶上了，看来山东出美女所言非虚！由此也可以看出，中国人的审美观好几千年其实并没有特别巨大的改变，除了皮肤白之外，黑白分明的大眼、长脖子等以上提到的优点我们现在仍然认为很美——以前我们认为樱桃小口是美的，后来西风东渐之后，国人也渐渐能接受大嘴之美了，这可能算是中国人审美观里比较强烈的一种变化，可是，《硕人》这首诗里并没有对嘴巴的描写，可能那时候的人不太注重嘴，只注重电眼吧？又或者庄姜夫人是个像朱丽亚·罗伯兹一样的大嘴？人们给她虚美隐恶了？无考。
　　在那种时代，女人想要在书里留名是件多么难的事，庄姜夫人以“色”走进了《诗经》，走进了《左传》，走进了朱夫子的研究论文等等等等一大批各朝各代好事者的著作里，也算个历史奇观吧。不管怎样，这个高个子美女已经袅袅婷婷地站在了黄河旁，带着她的绝世仙姿和悲情故事站在了字里行间，悠悠千年。