Bobcat Also known as red lynx, lynx in North America Bobcat to adapt to the environment is very strong, they are omnivores, to be able to catch any animal for food, including rodents, birds, small mammals, frogs, reptiles, animals and even carrion and so on. As prey animals, they also became the object of rounding up by farmers, in fact, more of their food source is the kind of impact on local agricultural development of the "harmful" animals. Bobcat head is not large, but for larger than its size ungulates is still a dangerous killer. Especially deer, once they stopped to rest while standing still, hit a short-tailed cat in the neighborhood, there may be at risk. Bobcat is a climbing expert, or a swimmer. Subspecies lynx rufus rufus - the subspecies (north-west and central United States) lynx rufus baileyi - Southwestern United States lynx rufus californicus - California subspecies (California, Nevada) lynx rufus escuinapae - Mexico lynx rufus fascinatus - British Columbia lynx rufus floridianus - Florida subspecies (South) lynx rufus gigas - maine lynx rufus pallescens - Rocky Mountain lynx rufus peninsularis - Minnesota, California lynx rufus superiorensis - Midwest lynx rufus texensis - Texas subspecies (Texas, northern Mexico)
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Species name
Chinese Name: Bobcat Chinese alias: red lynx, lynx in North America Latin Literature Name: Lynx rufus (Schreber, 1777) Synonyms: Felis rufus English Name: Bobcat
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Scientific classification
短尾猫 科学分类
Sector: the animal kingdom Animalia Door: Door Chordata Chordata Gang: Gang Mammalia mammals Head: Carnivora Carnivora Section: cat Felidae Genus: Lynx Lynx
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Shape features
The short-tailed cat is drinking water. Bobcat, like other species of the genus Lynx, but on average relatively small. Its fur varies, generally tan to grayish brown body, forelimb, and tail with black stripes. It can be used to camouflage the round spots. Black tip of the ear, with short hair clusters. Lips, cheeks and abdomen are usually beige. Desert areas in the southwest than light-colored short-tailed cat fur, and in the northern forests of the darker color. Kittens have been born with fur and spots. A few Bobcat melanosis was found in Florida. They are black, but may still retain spots. Bobcat's face because the hair under the ear appears to be very wide. It is easily damaged fur, but long and dense hair. Pink nose, face, sides and back, gray, yellow red or brown red. Yellow eyes, while the pupil is black. Pupils up and down long, would expand in the evening to get the most light. Short-tailed cat auditory and visual sensitivity, sense of smell is also very good. It is a superb climbing trees who can swim if necessary, but usually avoided. Adult male short-tailed cat, 0.7-1.2 m long, with an average length of 0.9 m, 10-18 cm long including the tail, standing 36-38 cm shoulder height, the general weight 7-14 kg. Female average weight 9 kg. Bobcat muscular hind legs longer than the forelimbs. Birth, weighing about 280-340 grams of Bobcat, length 25 cm. Students born in the first year up to 4.5 kg. And wild habitat in the northern region of the short-tailed cat in length. Morphological study found that the largest male and female specimens were somewhat in size, showing that the short-tailed cats of different gender have different conditions of natural _select_ion.
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Distribution
Bobcat southern Canada, through the United States, south to the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Distribution shaped like a bag, only part of the Midwest and Northeast, including southern Minnesota, eastern South Dakota, Iowa and Missouri most without their sight. Although I believe they have been extinct in New York and Pennsylvania west, but still find their sight, or dead.
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Environment
Bobcat has an exceptionally strong adaptability. They like to live in deciduous plants, pine doors, or mixed woodland, but unlike other species of the genus as lynx depends forest. They can be distributed in the wet marshes to the rugged mountains. They can place in the establishment of agricultural land near the nest, if living in rock crevices, swamps, forests, and its spots can be a camouflage. Bobcat depends on the number of number of prey, other factors will affect the number of places to withstand bad weather, for rest and as the nest place, avoid hunting and protection from harassment place. Bobcat amount of the distribution is not subject to human impact, in addition to large and dense agricultural land, but they can still find a suitable habitat. They may appear in the back garden, the range where the human and the natural environment. Ruobei hunting dogs, they often climb a tree. Bobcat distribution in Canada under the snow depth and the influence of the Canadian lynx. Bobcat snow can not resist, and the place will be covered in inclement weather waiting for the past. They are not the feet of the Canadian lynx as large a cushion, it can not support their bodies in the snow. Bobcat is not entirely lose out in Nova Scotia because of the coniferous forests into agricultural land relations, the Canadian lynx moved northward, while the short-tailed cats instead. In northern and central Mexico, short-tailed cat living in the dry bush, pine forest and oak forest, until the southern tropics.
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Habits
短尾猫 生活习性
短尾猫 生活习性
Bobcat Bobcat walking is the dawn of the animals, mainly in the dawn and dusk and go. They start three hours before sun_set_ activities until about midnight, then again in the sky after sunrise and three hours prior to the event. Every night they will move along the path of its habitat 3-11 km. This behavior will change according to season, as they correspond to their prey in the winter to adjust and become active during the day. Bobcat will hunt deer, especially in winter when the lack of small prey, or when too many deer. Although the shows that most deer are killed, but the weight of the deer Bobcat 8 times. Bobcat tracks the deer, be it lying down, fast approached and bitten its throat, the bottom of the skull or chest. Bobcat kills deer and when to eat, the deer's flesh will be collected in under snow or leaves, and feeding back again. Bobcat hunting range will have a similar niche with other medium-sized animals overlap. In the Maine study found that they are not coyotes or red fox how strife. Bobcat and the competitive impact of the Canadian lynx lynx distribution in Canada, so that they can not be extended southwards.
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Growth and reproduction
短尾猫 生长繁殖
Bobcat life generally 6-8 years old, rarely up to 10 years. Bobcat Field oldest 16 years old, and kept there 32 years. Female kitten will be raised alone. Short-tailed cat's gestation period is 60-70 days around April to May was born, each fetus is only about 1-6, usually 2-4 only. Sometimes a second child will be born no later than September. Females usually in a confined place, such as small caves or tree Kong Zhongsheng education. Kittens 9-10 days will be open eyes, and in about 4 weeks later began to explore the environment around two months after weaning. In the first 3-5 months after they started going out with his mother. They will be the first year of their own before the winter hunt, and will soon be living alone. Michigan had observed in the kittens no later than the spring is still with their mothers.
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Population Status
短尾猫 种群现状
Bobcat is listed in the Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora International Trade Convention Appendix Ⅱ, that they did not extinction, but their hunting and the need to monitor the sale and purchase. Bobcat in the distribution of the three countries have regulation. According to 1988 estimates, the number of American short-tailed cat between 700,000 to 1,500,000, and rising each year. Therefore, the United States had asked to be removed from the Convention Bobcat. Canada and Mexico, the number of short-tailed cat, very stable. The World Conservation Union as the short-tailed cat no danger, indicating that the relatively wide distribution, but in southern Mexico has failed to clear statistics. Short-tailed cat in a separate Ohio, Indiana and Iowa endangered. In 1999, they are in Illinois has been removed from the endangered list, and in Pennsylvania have canceled their hunting restrictions. New Jersey in the 19th century, the number of Bobcat also dropped, mainly due to commercial and agricultural development to reduce their habitat, so in 1991 in the state listed as endangered. L. rufus escuinipae subspecies in Mexico, once considered endangered, but in 2005 had been removed. Bobcat killed for their fur and sport, but the number still remain. Since kittens need mother's care and more Vulnerable. In the 1970s and 1980s, due to increase in the value of their fur have been a lot of hunting, but the price plunge in the early 1990s. Short-tailed cat in half the mortality rate due to control hunting, it is open to hunting in the winter, their numbers will decline.
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Myths and Legends
In Native American mythology, bobcat and coyotes are often together. Bobcat and coyote were concerned with wind and fog, the two are Native American relative of the elements. Nez Perce people and the legendary Bobcat is the opposite of the image of the coyote. However, another version is that they are the same.克劳德李维 - Strauss (Claude Lévi-Strauss) that is derived from the New World before the myth of an idea, but they are not on the image to represent such an open dualism, rather than the old dualism of world culture symmetry. While the latter is the European culture and the result of regular contact with Aboriginal culture. Version of the Nez Perce people have some complexity, and the same version of the story is lost the original meaning. Shawnee people in the story, refers to the short-tailed cat spots a rabbit from being deceived. It rabbit trapped in the tree, but was persuaded lighting of fire, and burning embers of its fur, resulting from the dark brown spots on the skin. Moha dream of Uigur believe that if the habit of some of the image or object, it will be characterized by supernatural forces. If the dream of the puma and bobcat, they believe it will be beyond the hunting skills of other tribes. Europeans _set_tled the Americas and the beautiful and admired for their fierce bobcat, and in the United States, they are legends sing the lead.
