Chinese name: short-tailed albatross Chinese common name: Haiyan Latin name: diomedea albatrus, Species name and age of people: pallas, 1769 English name: short-tailed albatross Category: Industry: animal kingdom animalia Door: Door chordata chordates Gang: Aves aves Head: Procellariiformes-shaped head procellariiformes Division: Division diomedeidae Albatross Is: phoebastria Types: short-tailed albatross p. albatrus
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Species Profile
Scientific name: diomedea albatrus Distribution: Fujian, Taiwan, Shandong Quantity: rare Morphological features: length 90-95 cm (about 2 times the width of desk) Body weight 7-8 kg (about 14-16 cans of Coca-Cola) Special skills: in the ocean on the sky, with the wind Xiang skills are superb. Wings long and narrow, can adapt to changing ocean air, wings to start, you can stay in the air for hours without flapping its wings. Understanding of methods: the mouth of the front end, covered by a number of films made of skin, were tested two nostrils tubular, so separate. Wings long and narrow, the body feathers are white, with black feet, toes. Habits: live: habitat over the ocean, only the breeding season was on the shore, islands, life on land. Line: These are nocturnal. Shan Yu Fengxiang, swimming, walking on land can be. Rest: the sea, the breeding season on the shore, islands and other land-based shelter. Food: Carnivorous. To fish and mollusks for food. When they can not fly in the air to capture prey, not light into the underwater prey, foraging activities are carried out on the water. Personality: a higher alertness, lonely and quiet, alone or in pairs. Breeding: breeding season is from October to December. On the shore, nest on islands of rock, the nest is very simple, mainly on the ground is the use of wetlands, with hay, moss and soil into the building. Spawning a litter, incubation period is 75-82 days. Growth: chick need to carefully raise the birds, the birds out of food to ruminants, to raise chicks. Born chicks who are dressed in light hair, long hair off and became concentrated in a layer of curly hair chicks. Until the chicks start to white body, when the birds on the fly, leaving only the young birds who rely on the consumption of stored body fat for winter. About through more than 270 days after the young birds learn to fly stand-alone wind can take off into the sea over the life. Sexual maturity is about 9-12 years. Life: Unknown Level of protection: protection of animals in country i level Endangered reasons: 1, to get their feathers and excessive hunting. 2, human fishing line used to catch fish, add up to 130 kilometers above the safety of thousands of bait, short-tailed albatross in the pursuit of fish, often mistakenly hooked and drowned quilt . 3, marine pollution, affecting their habitat, food reduced.
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Shape features
短尾信天翁 外形特征
短尾信天翁 外形特征
Total length of about 92 cm. White body, head, pillow stained orange, wings, shoulders and tail brown, inner wing coverts white. Shape like seagulls. Head; mouth long and strong, covered by a number of skin pieces, buckling on the nozzle tip downward; nose into the tube; short neck; the body is strong and stout; tail short; wings narrow, large, up to 55 cm. Description: The adult birds: great body (length: 89 cm Wingspan: 216 cm), white back, feet flying far out black tail. The gradual process of body feathers from chicks dark brown to light-colored abdomen sub-adult birds, and white on the wings and back with scaly markings. Adult birds is the only body of Pacific white albatross, its neck slightly yellow. Chicks and juvenile birds: color-type phase is possible with the smaller Blackfoot Albatross confused, the difference in the mouth pale pink, blue foot, mouth-based non-white. Iris - brown; mouth - pink, blue mouth end; feet - blue-gray. Cry: at sea are usually silent.
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Distribution
North Pacific, has been particularly scarce. Distributed in China's coastal provinces, the number of very rare species. Breeding in northern Taiwan, Diaoyu Islands and Akao, in the past is also found in the Penghu Islands. Record when movement is seen in Shandong, in eastern coast record.
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Habits
Habitat in the sea surface, good gliding and occasionally follow ships. Often in the ocean air, flying all day, tireless, and not afraid of storms. Also diving. Sounds loud. Feet short, activities on land is very clumsy. The main food for molluscs, such as fish, squid, krill, etc., usually in early morning or sun_set_ time eating.
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Growth and reproduction
短尾信天翁 生长繁殖
Clustering breeding short-tailed albatross in the North Pacific island group National Cheng Kung University on reproduction. Rock cave on the ground or soil within the nest. Each producing only one egg. Eggs nearly white. Incubation period of 2 to 3 months. Male and female co-incubation and brooding. Young late into the nature. Chicks all brown. Short-tailed albatross can live to 40-60 years. They can fly at sea five years after the birth of the island before returning to its land. Pairing for life, usually beginning at age 6. Back to the end of October each year with a place to meet, to sand, shrubs, branches and rocks nest. One pair of only one egg, the parents take turns incubate the eggs, hatch about 65 days. The end of May early June, the birds almost grown, the parents abandon the nest and birds. Birds will soon fly the success of their practice.
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Population Status
Short-tailed albatross is the North Pacific sea birds, was breeding in the Penghu Islands. Between 1887 to 1932, because they were over-hunting of white feathers, have been reduced to 50 birds. 1960s to protect, restore to 500-1000 or so, of which about 180 adults. When all short-tailed albatross in Japan only a remote small volcanic island torishima. This island is an active volcano, has erupted in 1902, killing all local residents, the number of albatrosses nest on the island buried in the lava below. Later, the Japanese scientist for the Animal Protection albatross on the island grass, began to plan how to help them migrate to other areas. In 1979, another Japanese island (minami-kojima in the senkaku island) found a group of short-tailed albatross. 1988 to determine where they breed. In 1991, the island has 75, including 15 adult. 1940s, a young short-tailed albatross has appeared in the United States in the island until 1960, also saw. Have found a pair in the island laid an egg, but no hatched birds. By the 1980s, California began to see short-tailed albatross.
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Protection level
National protection: a China Red Data Book rating: e Included in the "Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora International Trade Convention," Appendix i.
