(~ Children) an integrated arts, with a strong light to capture the image of the continuous projection on the screen, it looks like the image of the activities.
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No. 2
◎ Film diànyǐng
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No. 3
Into a series of photo images, rapidly generate a continuous projection on the coherent sense of the activities
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No. 4
A complete expression of the theme, with a coherent, active sensory images
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No. 5
Lightning, Lightning light. Tang Li Yong, "Borneo tree Chuzhou Huaiyin County monument": "Although the film Shi whip, Kuafu Zhangce to the neglect of its rapidly evident, When shall I like the exclusion of Moments!" Song F, Ngok, "Huan Xisha double-Hui Tong," words: "Film thunder reminder pelting rain, very cold." Ming Yuan Hongdao "Do Kung San wood" Poetry: "trips, such as movies, flash too melt unprovoked."
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No. 6
Yu short years. Zhou Yu "Week 骠骑大将军 Cai Lie Lifu people epitaph": "Love did I hear, over the first movies, only meal on gas, empty drink Milky Way." Tang Sun Xiang was "his wife Zhang Qinghe County Epitaph": " Xi Ying hard back, died wave does not return, one male and high-sister, the film is not divided, hibiscus flowers have been laid. "
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No. 7
Buddhist language. Yu unreal no real quickly impermanence. "Manuscripts" volume are: "Observing such as movies, what the bodhisattva path."
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No. 8
Ancient Arrow name. "Six Strategies military": "Disabled Crossbow spears material for the wing, flying Fu film from the deputy. Fei Fu red stems, white, copper-headed, green stem Akabane film to iron headed."
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No. 9
According to people with an instant visual impression of the principle of reservation, with a video camera to the activities of people or other Pi Sheti shot into the continuity of the screen image, through the projector at the screen reappeared. The early silent film, the ensuing sound film, is both black and white, color film and widescreen movies, three-dimensional movies. Types of film are feature films, documentaries, science education films, art films and so on. Xia Yan, "a written reply to the two forums": "in the cultural sense, the film is a very powerful educational tool." Ling "Wei Hu" Chapter 6: "Ritz-Carlton was like to watch this movie, now Wei protection accompanied, naturally more willing. "
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The birth of film
Improvements in photographic technology, the film can be an important prerequisite for the birth, but also that the development of photography for the film of the invention provide the necessary conditions. As early as 1826, France succeeded in W Fournier Phillips the world's first photo shoot "scene outside the window", the exposure time of 8 hours. In the early emergence of the silver plate camera, a photo shortened to 30 minutes, due to the constant renewal of photosensitive materials used are constantly shortening the time of photography. 1840 only 20 minutes to take a picture, 1851, made wet bottom plate after the tincture Luo Ke, photography, speed is reduced to 1 seconds, this time, "Motion Picture" The shooting has been Crawford Bernadette, Du LANDesk etc. experiments were successful in shooting. 1872-1878, San Francisco photographer Edward Mubuliqi soar by 24 camera group of horses according to the decomposition of movement, more than six years after numerous experiments succeeded in shooting, and then he slides again on the show a success. That is seen on the screen of the running horse, Inspired, 1882, the French physiologist Mallett photography method of continuous improvement, a successful trial of the "photographic gun", and another inventor Johnson produced "Turn Photography unit "basis, but also created a" continuous film cameras activities ", September 1888, he captured on film using a floppy disk event photos dedicated to the French Academy of Sciences. In 1895, Samuel and 路易卢米埃尔 France 奥古斯特卢米 brother, Edison's "movie, as the mirror" and developed their own "continuous camera", based on the successful development of a "campaign movie machine" . "Event movie machine," a photography show and printing and other three main functions. It is 16 frames per second shooting speed and screening films, the image clear and stable. March 22, 1895, Paris, France, they put science and technology conference's first film "Lumiere factory gate" to be successful. December 28 the same year, they Kapu Xin Road 14, Paris, a large coffee shop, a formal release to the community group of their own documentary video crew, the "train station", "irrigated Gardener," " baby's lunch, "" factory gate "in 12 films. Lumiere Brothers was the first use of projection-type screen for screening of the film people. Historians believe that the Lumiere brothers, and screening have been taken out of the experimental stage, so they put December 28, 1895 the day the world premiere of the film as the film was born when the Lumiere Brothers Natural deserved to be "the father of the film."
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Reason like to watch movies
● This is mainly because watching TV, watching movies on the survival of our great potential benefits. ● you have not noticed: We often hear people talk involuntary, see other people doing it? So why is it so it? That is because the information is too important for us, especially the experience of others and personal experience, etc., and this instinctive reaction, of course the information would cause a variety of television programs, TV shows, movies and other large worth seeing, and it is often Some also mimic television behavior. ● As a result, people who have high-tech, high content of the film will be relatively large interest (to get the latest science and technology and method of handling things); for those interested in romance (an increase of the virtual experience of love, a good deal love all kinds of possible problems); for Gao Xiaopian interested in (you can reduce stress, relax); short their lives are a side benefit at. ◆ Use 【Collection】 logical course of civilization: the natural world there is something there to guide them, we referred to as the "lead memory"; and human "emotion" but also "secondary lead deposit" (consciousness) in the "super instructions" to guide people towards "better there" direction; interest and entertainment are "positive special show" that indicates the content: this direction is correct, please move on; the film can give people a variety of important and comprehensive information, so there is a "positive special show."
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The development and origin of the film
1893, TA Edison invented the movie mirrors and create a "Black Maria" studio, is considered the beginning of the history of American film. 1896, Victoria began the launch of the projector is too American film mass screenings. Late 19th early 20th century, the U.S. industrial development and the lower middle class urban residents increased rapidly, the urban poor need to adapt the film to become a mass entertainment. It at first playground in the dance, and then into the theater, after the show screened in the repertoire. Appeared in 1905 in Pittsburgh theater nickel (nickel tickets for 5 cents) for all cities and towns throughout the United States soon, to the weekly movie-goers in 1910 as many as 36 million people. At that time one of the film are single, the monthly output of 400, the main production base in New York, like Edison, Biograph Company, and Victoria too Graf companies. 1903 E. S. Bolt's "life of an American Fireman" and "The Great Train Robbery," the film from a novel items can develop into an art. Use of film editing techniques, editing techniques Bolt as caused by cross-drama's first director. Status of contemporary American film The golden age of American film after the end of the mid-major companies from India began to disintegrate, or converting, Hays Code was officially abolished. It came the mini-cinema, art cinema, car theater. With independent film and experimental film development. Chinese film history (1896-1949) With the light in this world, then there shadow. Film is a relationship between the ability to play the most superb light of modern invention. Some people think that if you want to talk about the film, there will be traced back to the Han Dynasty in China and after the lights in there a shadow puppet show. But the real interesting movie, not invented from China, but technologically advanced modern Europe. December 28, 1895, the French Lu Mier Brothers Cafe 14 巴黎卡普辛 Road show success, officially marking the film era. Since the invention of China and missed the film, that the development of Chinese film from the film screening to begin. 1896, Lu Mier Brothers hired an assistant to the twenty five continents to show movies. Is one such film which has double the value of art and culture of commodity products, in the Western businessmen to expand the market, driven by business strategy, introduced to China. Subsequently, many Americans and Europeans see China's show business profitable, have to invest in China. They show business industry, construction and development of a chain of movie theaters, and even established film companies in China, filming videos. 1896 to the twentieth century by the twenties, although the foreign film market in China, occupies a monopoly status, but also can not prevent the start of film events. In 1903, three German students wishing to carry video and forest projector home, rent Beijing Tin Lok tea factory polished front door screening of the film. In 1905, Beijing Ren Qingtai Winterthur studio's birthday in order to opera Laodan Tan Xinpei, filmed a starring opera by his "Ding Junshan" part of the scene. She said that the establishment of New China in 1949 after 17 years, the emergence of a "White-Haired Girl," "Blessing" "Linjiapuzi" a large number of the combination of realism and romanticism of good works, create a large number of strong national style screen image, the formation of a new development of Chinese film's first climax; Cultural Revolution decade of disaster, the Chinese film out of the doldrums, take out the "flowers", "middle-aged people to" a large number reflects the practice of reform, and commented on social ills of excellent films. Especially in the late eighties, early nineties, "founding ceremony," "Armageddon" and other major revolution in the history of the Films and "Jiao" "Fenghuang Qin" and the reality of the Films, the formation of a second climax. First, visual retention "Making a piece of burning charcoal was waved into a fire zone, this phenomenon has been discovered in ancient times the people" However, the phenomenon of this kind of visual link with the invention of the film, but it is what the 19th century. In 1829, the famous Belgian physicist 约瑟夫普拉托 light in order to further examine the limits of the human eye, and the residence time of the images, he was facing a long and strong sunlight Ningmu as a result blind. But he found the sun's shadows are deep into his eyes. He finally found a "visual retention" principle. Ie: when people in front of the object is removed after the object is reflected in the images on the retina will not disappear immediately, will continue to stay a short period of time. Experimental results show the time remaining images generally 0.1-0.4 seconds. At the same time, the physics textbooks and in the European physics laboratory, also began to use "Faraday wheel" principle and the picture "magic disc" Vision Research rotation. Them to humans showed that the physiological function of human vision can be a separate series of images together into a continuous movement of the video. 19th century, 30 years, sly disk, cursory disk, wheeled disk, endoscopic and stroboscopic observation of activities, etc. visual toys have appeared. Very much the same basic principle, namely, the activities of the rotating disc can draw on a series of images, and when the disc when you turn up those dull, lifeless images of it in motion, vivid. Since then, the Austrians and activities of the optic disc slides in turn combine to make a still picture projector to draw on the screen, create slide activity, the formation of early animation. However, by 60 years of this century, film theorists and educators on the "visual retention" problem raised new doubts, they found that all the movement on the screen is actually a jump phenomenon, not coherent, but the audience is aware of That is a unified, complete, continuous movements. Thus proving that the real work is not "visual retention", but "psychological recognition." Second, photography Kang Yongsheng photography produced in the world the same 19th century European cultural transmission. In 1839, the French Daguerre after the Renaissance in painting based on the principle of pinhole imaging, and using chemical methods to permanently fixed image, "Daguerre photography" generated. Before consciousness, is not satisfied still, beautiful, single photos, but imagine one day be able to link them to each other faithfully reproduced image of the action and the material realization of natural space. In 1872, the first of "photography" has been applied continuous shooting, the photographer Edward Bridge screen. He has worked in 5 years time, many times more than the use of a camera to a horse is running continuous shooting test, and in 1878 a success. The genius of the photographer will be 24 cameras in a row, the time when the horse ran, the camera's shutter was open, horseshoe, vacated by order of the moment gesture to shoot it down. To this end, Edward • curtain Bridge was a "method of shooting moving objects and installations," the patent. In 1882, the French Mallett intermittent use of a revolver principle, developed a continuous shooting can be a "photographic gun." Since then, he has invented a "film-style camera straight." Finally began to replace the curtain a camera Bridge camera with a method of moving objects. In Europe, this period many countries ... scientists, inventors have also developed different types of cameras. Among them, the United States, Thomas Edison and his mechanic Dick in order to make the film in the camera to move in the same interval, and marked the invention of holes in the film on both sides of the traction method to solve the technical problems of mechanical drive. "Event photography" and "photography" has been completed. Third, the screening technique In 1888, the French 爱米尔雷诺 invented "optical video game machine", people began to see a few minutes to screen the activities of shadow play, such as "poor than Egypt." Lumière brothers in 1895 to show to the public, "the station" screen, the audience is almost scared the living image panic scattered. Since then, the activities initiated by their photography (cinematogrphy) documentary tool not only in the history of mankind shows the epoch-making significance, the station is also a symbol of the film camera technology from the source.
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Film invention
If you ask the U.S. film industry, and they will answer in unison: "Yes Edison." But if you ask the French, they would say: "Yes Lumière!" So who is the real invention of the film ones? Answer: Two of them are! And for the record: In 1888, Edison began to study the photographs, and when the invention of a continuous film after Eastman, Edison immediately bought the film continuously, please Raleigh Dickerson William Kennedy and proceed with the study. The second year in October, Dike Sheng presented results of the study, which he shot into the activities of the horse, this is the first photographic history of the success of the film. After the success of the Dike Sheng, continue to indulge deeper study, in 1890, the pictures he can apply to the patent, these activities can take forty pictures per second, which is the originator of the modern movie. 1891, Thomas Alva Edison reflected image management application for the patent and photographic equipment, which is "peep show" the originator of the film. Thomas Alva Edison invented the "peep show" movie idea is that the worker, one person can only go "peep" through the people's curiosity, so they can increase the benefits, so this kind of film in a time is very popular. Soon, Thomas Alva Edison also created the world's first studio, a significant contribution to the development of the film. At first, in Europe, there are people in photos for research on these activities. 1895, London, two named Bud who Aika and RW Paul, the studio initially improved after a large crowd held before the show. The same time, two in France and named Louis Lumière brothers Augustus Waterloo Meander, they mapped the curtain on the photo has attracted a large number of curious viewers. Screening of the film kicked off this. Lumière brothers in Paris and then learned on the industry screening of the award called a "door Lumière Factory" movie, in December, busing slave Street in Paris "Great coffee shop" of the underground hall, the formal public exhibition Twelve films, and sell tickets. In September, the United States at the World Exposition in Atlanta, show that mapping to type the movie, also sells tickets. So we can see, early in the film produced at the same time, had forged a deep bond and for-profit. Herald (Lumière) French chemist, co-inventor of its North and easy movie cameras and projectors, as a pioneer in experimental film.
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Film screenings in the form
Large screen movie: The 70 mm film projection technology, known for its huge and large screen. The screen height is 21 meters, a width of 30 meters, equivalent to seven-story height. The large screen as the world of rare. It has a picture stable, clear, color reproduction and other characteristics of the normal, real and magnificent scenery on the screen scene, giving people appreciate the beauty and dynamic feel, with the sliding distance of the lens, will take you to exotic beauty into nature. Water curtain movie: with a conventional film is entirely different. It is the use of high-pressure pump through a special nozzle, the water bottom spray, spray the water and the formation of fan-shaped screen. This screen and the contiguous nature of the night sky, the characters out of the screen, suddenly Jumping into the sky, then suddenly fell from the sky, creating a false sense of ethereal, like a mirage. Currently, the water screen movie in China is still very rare. Movie screen: movie screen, also known as 360-degree circumference of the film, Chamber rounded by nine screens surrounding the formation of a circular screen, the projector also Jiutai screening, the audience to observe, the standing circle center, forward-looking visions after , looked around, dizzying, the screen is a magnificent sight, the magnificent, plus multi-channel stereo sound effects, an immersive feeling strong, will be presented in front of you. Three-dimensional film: is the use of optics matched with the human eye produced a strange disparity space images and three-dimensional effect, when you wear special polarized glasses, you will find everything on the screen as landscape and nature, there the distance around the different distances, and some scenes in sight, it seems within reach, when an object towards you fast forward, you will feel the object suddenly hit to the head, making you a surprise. p2p network movie: With the development of the Internet, P2P as a new form of Internet movie player, with its speed, small buffer, the more people the advantages of a vast number of non-card users enjoy a number of films playing the situation, the network The movie plays in the form known as online films, so you can stay at home in the sea of the network, see what you want to see the movie. The role of the film; is still not released, but with its development, will soon enter our lives. In fact, the role of the film is to first person view to shoot out of the movie. The game we can count. Hollywood Movies Hollywood (Hollywood), intention is a concept of geographical names, the Hong Kong Translation "Hollywood", Los Angeles, California in the United States northwest of the urban area, is the Los Angeles neighborhood, about 30 million inhabitants. Is "Hollywood" is often used to refer directly to the southern California film industry. However, the scope of the distribution of film studios in Hollywood had not limited corner of Hollywood and its surrounding cities such as Burbank constitute the center of American film and television industry. And now Hollywood movies have become a unique culture, Hollywood movies to the development of the overall year-old can not for two stages. Classic Hollywood period: the basic shape in classic Hollywood movies on behalf of the last century, ten years. Audience tastes were biased in favor of the classical narrative style, the use of audio technology also makes the film narrative in the complex dialogue with the smooth as possible, all contributed to the classic Hollywood style of heavy drama. This style is also in line at the same time the studio system. Mike • Se Nate by the Hollywood giant to create the studio system which calls the film have to meet the aesthetic needs of the overwhelming majority of the target audience, and by the public are familiar with the traditional dramatic aesthetics is clearly the best choice. Type of film in this context came into being. These are to meet the audience Kracauer called "deep collective psyche" of the film, through stylized plot, the type of characters, the audience quickly took the vision of science fiction, dance, and other forms of crime, the type of film to theaters in the world popular. Westerns, as the most "American" of the type of film in the classic Hollywood period plays an important role. Westerns praised, admired the kind of rugged individualism and survival of the fittest spirit, and embodies the ideals of good moral evil win, so enduring in the United States on film. Fred • Jinni Man shot in 1952's "High Noon" in many ways embodies the characteristics of Westerns, or a manifestation of the characteristics of the classic Hollywood period films. New Hollywood period: art commercial films, art films commercial films of this period the development of a trend, many European art film approach is used in Hollywood movies. "American Beauty" for the lens, color, light and other exciting and unique details of the deal, rather the style of the film. The film convey the concern of society is also tradition for a new realism and new wave of blood.
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World Film Festival
British Film Academy Awards (British Academy Awards) Venice International Film Festival Venice International Film Venice in Italy, is the world's first International Film Festival, which was initiated in 1932, known as the "Father of the International Film Festival", to participate in the festival of the first activities of only a few countries, two dozen film competition. Italian government funding, but also specifically for the construction of the film festival palace, so the scale is gradually expanding. World War II began, the Italian fascist government down the road, attached to the fascist colors awards program, so that Germany and Italy, frequently winning film, causing the British, the United States, France and other countries strongly dissatisfied with the film industry. Anti-fascist film-makers have refused to state competition. Film Festival have closed. Did not resume until 1946. Venice International Film Festival and other major international film festivals, as has its own purpose: to reward the valuable parts of the world, creative, and suitable for international distribution and showing of good films from around the world to promote exchanges between film makers and cooperation and facilitate trade for the development of the film. At the same time as the situation different, each also proposed a different slogan. Film Festival in the following terms: An awards program. Nice film festival awards, established that there are many, "Mark Golden Lion Award", "Saint Mark Silver Lion", "Saint Mark Bronze Lion Award", the Italian Film Critics Award, International Film Critics Award, the International Catholic Organization Award, International Film Press Association Award, documentary prize, and so on. Awards prior to the assessment committee composed of authoritative, China director Xie Jin, Chen Kaige have been a judge. Chinese film since the eighties has been frequently winning in Venice. Sundance International Film Festival, the world's leading independent film festival. Sundance Film Festival is known for the film and the film did not _set_ up the film festival. By Robert Redford handedly founded in 1984, after years of accumulation, the United States a small independent film festival has become an important spiritual pillar of the industry, many of them as Hollywood's new directors have directed mainstream commercial tracts of springboard. The Hollywood studios are looking for New Horizons, "Sundance Film Festival," is not to be missed in the human resource base. The annual Sundance Film Festival January 18 -28 year at Park City, Utah held for a period of 11 days. Tokyo International Film Festival (Tokyo International Film Festival) Began in the 1985 Tokyo International Film Festival (TIFF) is the world's 9 major A-level film festivals. Images from the Tokyo International Culture Promotion Association and hosted the Tokyo International Film Festival Committee. Film Festival scheduled for late October each year to be held in early November. To explore new and reward young director, film director requested formal entry work no more than three. So much for the new generation of film directors nominated person. Is a recognition of the international film festival Union, and the Cannes, Venice and other famous eponymous Film Festival, Asia's largest film festival. Changed since 1992, an annual event. Berlin International Film Festival Formerly known as West Berlin International Film Festival, European first-class international film festivals. The early fifties sponsored by the Alfred Bauer planning, has been at the federal German government and film industry support and help, by the end of June 1951 to early July in West Berlin held its first session. The main prize of "Golden Bear" and "Silver Bear." "Golden Bear" awarded best feature film, documentaries, popular science, art films; "Silver Bear" award for best director, actor and actress, screenwriter, music, photography, art, youth work or other special achievements in feature film. In addition, the International Critics Award, Special Jury Award. 80, 30 to 40 countries each year and regions to participate in, showing 200 to 300 films. Film Festival, held annually. 1978, and France for the Cannes International Film Festival competition, advanced to the end of February to early March, held for two weeks. Berlin International Film Festival in 1951 in the United States or the broader sense, from the three Western allies in the creation of the initiative. For the next ten years, the festival has established the importance of the cultural life of Berlin. Ingmar Bergman, Satyajit Ray, Michelangelo Antonioni Bo that Rorty, Roman Polanski and the French "New Wave" director Jean - Luc Godard, Francois Truffaut, Claude Rolle linen are in their videos at the Berlin Film Festival was a huge international success. Berlin Film Festival is the most important part of the film around the world participate in the competition unit, the contest ended, the international film festival jury awarded the main prize. Berlin Film Festival "discovered" a large number of film director, and now their position has been included in the film history. Berlin International Film Festival winners, including 赖纳维尔纳 Fassbinder, Michelangelo Antonioni Bo that Rorty, Jean - Luc Godard, Ingmar Bergman, West Germany Nilv U.S. special, Claude linen Rolle, Roman Polanski, Satyajit Ray, Carlos Saura, Ang Lee, Zhang Yimou, Robert Altman, John Casablanca Horowitz and many others. Cannes Film Festival Cannes Film Festival was founded in the summer of 1939, and during World War II and 1968 for "May Revolution" of the financial factors, have been off for several years after the film festivals in 1969 serving the growing stability and the addition of "director Fortnight "in 1971, the market trading more and more popular on the ... Part of the award is divided into the "Golden Palm Award", "Special Jury Award", the first awards are awards, regarded as the best picture, a symbol of the director's highest honor, the second prize often choose one to three excellent works presented, many other names have some personal awards, such as: "Best Director Award", "best acting award", "Young Critics Award" mixed. Competition part is usually picked from around the world twenty-four film, and as the opening or closing of the film, does not participate in the Shanghai International Film Festival Competition (Shanghai International Film Festival) Shanghai International Film Festival (Shanghai International Film Festival) is the first China International Film Festival in China, has a high importance. June each year, held in Shanghai, China. Shanghai International Film Festival by the Chinese State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and the Shanghai Municipal People's Government, Shanghai, Guangzhou and cultural activities of the Office of Film and TV Group of major international contractor. Film Festival was first held in 1993, 1994, to obtain recognition of International Film Producers Association, held in early June each year, one of the only Class A International Film Festival, the highest award the name "Jin Jue Award," which consists 8 awards from various countries by the international jury reviews generated. Shanghai International Film Festival is divided into four main parts, including the competition part of the Jin Jue Award International Film exhibition screenings, international film market, and the Jin Jue International Film Forum and the Asian New Talent Award.
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World Cinema Award
American Academy Film Awards (Academy Awards) Impact of the current world's largest and oldest film awards, the issue of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Origin Awards: May 1927, in the United States of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences suggested the establishment of the banquet, in order to promote the development of film art, and should be rewarded with success. The participants agreed to participate in the meeting by the then art teacher Cedric MGM. Gibbons drew on the tablecloth sketches, art school just after the young artists George. Stanley molded statue. This statue is holding a sword, standing on a male body on film statue, 10.25 inches high, the surface of gold, so called Awards. The award was named for the Motion Picture Arts and Sciences of the Year Award, referred to as "Academy Award." Name Origin: One day in 1931, the college's new librarian Mameilite. Harrison found the office very much like gold, like her uncle Oscar. A reporter if her reported the next day. Since then, "Oscar" in the name gradually been used, Academy Award but is rarely mentioned. Awarded the first Academy Award, taking the form of the banquet, after the prizes to the General Assembly, and later at the awards the General Assembly increased the cultural and entertainment programs since the first years, except 1930 and 1933, but are held once a year. History: January 1929, the United States of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the second half of 1927 to 1928 carried out the first half of the film-making _select_ion, May 16 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, the first award ceremony was held, were awarded fifteen gold. 1928 production of "Wings" is the first film award for best film; the first woman to win best actress is Jennifer. Vinorelbine; the first one is the best actor Emmy award winner. Jenning Adams, who died in Germany in 1950. Major projects: Award for best film, best actress and actor, best director award. Others include the best photography, art, costume design, original screenplay, adapted screenplay, adapted music, editing, visual effects, composers, sound award. Also awarded special honorary award. Each campaign is divided into two stages: nomination and voting stages. Voted by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and conducted more than three thousand members. They were _select_ed from the group to vote for best film, and then categorized according to their professional best electoral actors, directors, writers, photographers, etc., after the vote announced the award ceremony. By the actor as master of ceremonies, award by former Oscar winner. European Film Award (European Film Awards) French Caesar Award (César Awards) The highest film award in France, the "French Academy," said the French Society of Motion Picture Arts and Technology and the French ZDF in cooperation. And the organization named vote. It named after the famous French sculptor 巴勒达西尼 Caesar (Yin Kaisa Award trophy designed by him.) Began in 1976, the annual session. The first _set_ of 13 individual awards, the best French film, director, screenwriter, actor and actress and so on. 1982 Best Debut Award added. Best of 1984 young men and women and additional actors hope Award. American Film Golden Globe Awards (Golden Globes) Golden Globe, Oscar has always been shrouded in shadow, more like a rehearsal before the Oscars. Golden Globe Awards began in 1943, hosted by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, the American film and television industry one of the most important awards, a total of 24 Golden Globe Awards, Golden Globes nominees list is usually before Christmas announced the awards show was held in mid-January election. Golden Globe awards show changes in the venue on many occasions, but in recent years seems to have fixed the Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills. Awarded each year as the first film award, is regarded by many as the Golden Globe Oscar wind vane. Over the last decade seems to compare the two results can well prove it. American Film Institute Awards (AFI Awards) Motion Picture Association of America was founded, January 15, 2002 issue of the first Academy Award. Referred to as the AFI Awards (American Film Institute's Awards), an annual session. 1996 American Film Institute to celebrate the birth of a hundred years the film, film history of the United States held a large percentage of the vote activities, classic film, winning a good reputation, so every year after the grand poll held on various topics, play a more established in 2001 Top Ten American Film recognition of the ten films Behind the Scenes with all the major film makers, not sub-awards, happy. American Film Critics Association Award (National Society of Film Critics Awards) American Film Critics Association as the top five oldest awards in national film awards, the Academy has always been regarded as one of the most important benchmark. National Society of Film Critics, 95-year-old, family members include film history and film art academics. Its various awards by a committee of 150 people and 12 people have voted the review team. National Critics Association Awards (National Board of Review Awards) American Academy of the vane. Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards (Los Angels Film Critics Association Awards) New York Film Critics Association Awards (New York Film Critics Circle Awards) One of the three major U.S. film critics awards. Chicago Film Critics Association Awards (Chicago Film Critics Circle Awards) One of the three major U.S. film critics awards. U.S. Razzies Awards (RAZZIE Awards) By John. Wilson _set_ up in 1981 by the "Golden Strawberry Award Foundation" organization named, is opposing the Academy, specifically assessment and worst of Hollywood actors worst movie awards, _select_ed once a year. Winners in the annual March 24 announced that the eve of the Academy Awards. Winners sometimes not the worst of the year (but probably not much better), but in 〔〕 loss as the theme, so some big budget films or big-name artists performing cross-border, often due to a big tree attracts the wind and win! Deliberately chosen each year the day before the Academy Awards winners announced. American Independent Spirit Award (Independent Spirit Awards) 1985. Special recognition of low-cost films, now has become the highest honor independent film industry awards, can not be underestimated. Awards ceremony held in late March each year. Japanese "movie Xunbao" Film Awards Founded in 1919, "the film mid Award" in 1924 began annual logo and slogan _select_ed, initially _select_ the best foreign film; 1925 art films to foreign films points, entertaining _select_ion of two types of conduct; and 1930 into "modern Japanese film", "Japanese costume film" and "foreign silent film", "foreign sound films" for _select_ion; after the 10 year fixed for the best Japanese films, 10 best foreign film, best Japanese movies director, best foreign film director the _select_ion of four projects, "Top Ten" is the most prestigious film awards before the war. With the arrival of the post-war boom period film, the film Xunbao annual award program, more and more becoming "Oscar" and into the best Japanese film, best foreign film, best director, screenwriter, starring men and women, men and women supporting role, the rookie actors and actresses, etc., and expand the participation of readers, the awards, chosen by the readers of the same again. Internet Movie Awards (internet movie awards) Most participants, the most famous online movie awards, all winners, without exception, is a Hollywood film production.
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Chinese Film Festival and Awards
Shanghai International Film Festival Shanghai International Film Festival (Shanghai International Film Festival) is the first China International Film Festival in China, has a high importance. June each year, held in Shanghai, China. Shanghai International Film Festival by the Chinese State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and the Shanghai Municipal People's Government, Shanghai, Guangzhou and cultural activities of the Office of Film and TV Group of major international contractor. Film Festival was first held in 1993, 1994, to obtain recognition of International Film Producers Association, held in early June each year, one of the only Class A International Film Festival, the highest award the name "Jin Jue Award," which consists 8 awards from various countries by the international jury reviews generated. Shanghai International Film Festival is divided into four main parts, including the competition part of the Jin Jue Award International Film exhibition screenings, international film market, and the Jin Jue International Film Forum and the Asian New Talent Award. Film Festival so far, has attracted more than sixty countries around the world continents and regions, the 3823 film of the application, 959 film screenings, a total of 27.7 million yuan at the box office. It is still not fully open China's film market and only time each year highlights the world's film, therefore, the annual Shanghai International Film Festival in Shanghai and neighboring cities of the audience is undoubtedly a long-awaited film pilgrimage, since it was launched, there are already more than 150 million people into this important film events in China. Now, the annual nine-day festival during June, has become an important cultural life of Shanghai's landscape. China Changchun Film Festival China Changchun Film Festival was founded in 1992, is the Republic of China approved by the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television has organized an international level film festival. Held every two years. By the People's Republic of Radio, Film and Television, People's Government of Jilin Province, Changchun Municipal Government; Changchun Municipal People's Government, Ministry of Radio, Film and Television film industry Authority, Jilin Province, Department of Culture, China Film Export and Import Corporation, China Film Co Changchun Film Studio production company and co-sponsored. The festival's aim is: friendship, exchange and development. Film Festival Committee will employ experts in all aspects of the film industry jury. The festival established the following awards: 1, the best Chinese Feature Film Award (including co-feature); 2, Best Foreign Language Feature Film award; 3, the best Chinese Feature Film award; 4, best foreign language feature award; 5, Best Screenplay Award; 6, Best Director; 7, best actor; 8, Best Actress Award; 9, best supporting actor; 10, best supporting actress; of the winners, were awarded Deer Film Festival Committee cup, silver cup deer, certificate and prize money. China's Beijing Student Film Festival "Beijing Student Film Festival," Art Department of Beijing Normal University, Administration of Radio Film Channel program production center, the China Film Archive, the Department of Beijing TV Station TV, China Film newspaper, the Beijing film company, limited liability company 北京新影联 Pictures China Film Foundation, Beijing Students Federation jointly organized a number of units of a large-scale cultural activities. "Student Film Festival" or the first test of China Youth art sound stage director, Huo Jianqi, Zhang Yang, Jin Chen, Shi Yun Jiu-generation directors such as was here the first award, Best Debut Award and Special Award for Artistic Innovation convey the establishment of college students the expectations of film and strength and encouragement. "Student Film Festival" will hold special festivals, symposiums and seminars and other academic activities, focused on academia, industry Geluyinghao, film and television to discuss the latest hot topic. Old young director and actor, in the new film premieres, film crew will meet competition, the film director workshops and other activities with the students gathered. "Student Film Festival" event is not only the film students, but also the film's young party. Chinese Taipei Film Festival Sponsored by the Taipei City Government, Taipei City Cultural Affairs Bureau of the contractor, the Taiwan Film Culture Association, the Executive Office of Taiwan University of Arts. Began in 1998, the annual session. The film is an important event in Taiwan, starting from the fourth located in the theme of "city, the public, students" by the theme of an international city, "City Film Festival" to "Taipei Film Awards," "Taipei Theme Award" for the Race condition unit "public film festival", as well as domestic and foreign-based student work, "Golden Lion International Student Film Award" class into three parts. Golden Rooster Awards The award was founded in 1981, the Chinese Year of the Rooster. It is organized by the China Film Association, and by the film artists, film critics participate in the _select_ion of professional film awards. Xiao gold trophy symbol contending the cock crow, but also contains incentives chickens dance film makers, to make meaningful progress. The award _select_ed once a year. Popular Film Hundred Flowers Awards The award was founded in 1962, closed in 1964. Recovery held in 1980. It is owned by the China Film Association, "Popular Cinema" magazine sponsored, voted by the general mass audience film awards. It flowers in full bloom symbolizes prosperity and film, and inspired filmmakers for the masses to create better videos. The award _select_ed once a year. China Film Huabiao China Film China Film Huabiao is the highest honor award, the trophy by the Tiananmen Gate in Beijing before the Chinese table style, each year by the Department of Radio, Film and Television of the previous year to complete _select_ion of video genres. Huabiao, formerly known as the Ministry of Culture Award for best film. Review began in 1957. Interrupted after 22 years, from 1979 to the awards program, one year term. Bureau of the Ministry of Culture in 1985, formed the whole film was placed under the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television, the renamed Ministry of Radio, Film and Television Award for best film. Apart from 1986 and 1987, combined 1989 and 1990 awards, but still one year term in 1994, opened its present name. Calf Chinese Film Awards Calf Department of Chinese Film Awards National Film Awards four is one of the children and adolescents for rewarding outstanding films, achieve good results in recognition of Children established filmmakers. China Children and Teenagers 1985 by the National Society of Film Radio and Television, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Culture, the National Women's Federation, founded the Chinese Communist Youth League Central commissioned film Calf Award. Its purpose is to unite children's film makers in the Party's literary policy and education policy under the guidance of children and adolescents continue to improve our level of film creation, capture the audience for the majority of small children and teenagers more and better films, so that good health spiritual food with the children grow. Hong Kong Film Awards Hong Kong Film Awards "in 1982 by" City Entertainment "was founded. This is from the" City Entertainment "Ten _select_ion each of the film critic invited to the expansion and continuation. The purpose of the form through the _select_ion and presentation of excellent performance filmmakers to recognize, but also to review the achievements over the past year the film, also hope to promote Hong Kong films and trade factors, raise the audience's appreciation. Radio Television Hong Kong in 1982 and held the first of the awards ceremony, there were only ten Great Chinese and foreign film and five awards. then jointly with the Sing Tao and the third the second, later on by the "City Entertainment" held alone. Hong Kong Golden Bauhinia Awards Hong Kong Golden Bauhinia Awards (Golden Bauhina Awards) by the Hong Kong Film Critics Association (HKFCA), organized since 1996, an annual event, members of the Association a total of more than forty, including film education, film studies, film makers, etc. the professionals and academics. Aims to promote the development of the Hong Kong film culture and encourage more outstanding film creation, summed up the year's achievements of Hong Kong cinema. Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards Organized by the Hong Kong Film Critics Society, began in 1995. 1-2 months each year at _select_ion, _select_ion range of the previous year for public exhibition in Hong Kong and Chinese movies. China Taiwan Golden Horse Chinese Film Media Awards in China Chinese Film Media Awards is the only film work to the mainland and Hong Kong and Taiwan into the field of vision while the film contest, sponsored by the Southern Metropolis Daily, was founded in 2001 to the three places through the exchange of film, the film's multiple comparison to create a more open and lively, cutting-edge movie reviews environment, promote the creation of Chinese films.
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The first Chinese film
China's first film is opera film opera "Ding Junshan," there are "volunteered" "Knives" and other fragments, 1905 (the Qing dynasty, thirty one year), produced by the Beijing Fengtai studio. Silent film, about a half hour. China's first feature film was "difficult to husband wife hard," shot in Shanghai in 1913, silent films, Zheng Zheng writer, Zheng Zheng and Zhang Shichuan joint director. China's first sound film was "Showgirl Red Peony" Star Pictures produced in 1931. China's first video received international awards from the 20th century, 30 years director Cai Chusheng "Fishing Song", which in 1935 won the Moscow International Film Festival, "Honor Award." China's first color film was shot in Shanghai in 1948, the drama film "Shengsi Hen", produced by the film company Huayi. Directed by Fei Mu, starring Mei Lanfang, the famous photographer Huang Shaofen as director of photography, Lisheng Wei Ren photographer. After the founding of New China, the first feature film is a "bridge", writer Yu Min, Wang Bin, director of the Northeast Film Studio produced in 1949. China's first color feature film was shot in 1957, a "blessing" (Lu Xun a, Xia Yan adaptation, mulberry arc Director), Beijing TV studio filming. China's first color wide-screen feature film shot in 1959, "veteran New Biography", writer Lee Jun, director of ups and downs, the Shanghai Film Studio, filming. China's first wide-screen color stereoscopic feature film shot in 1962, the "magician's adventure," Screenplay: Wang Dong, Chen Gong Min, Sang-arc, and director Sang-arc, Shanghai Tianma Film Studio. Stage of China's first color film in 1954, the documentary is the "Butterfly Lovers", Screenplay: Xu Jin, Sang-arc, director Sang-arc, the Shanghai Film Studio. China's first wide-screen masking feature film shot in 1977, "Youth" Liyun Guan, Wang Lian screenwriter, director Xie Jin. After the founding of New China, the first dubbed the "son of regiment", the original translation of "Hero", Yang Fan, Chen Juan Translation Right Wing dubbing director, dubbing 1950 the Shanghai Film Studio. With foreign co-production of the first color feature film in 1958 by the Beijing Film Studio and the French Jia Langsi companies have taken the "Kite", the director Wang B, Roger than fruit.
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Early Film
An early movie projector film shooting the first film is described: daily life The first great director: Merina Johnson Early Film Classics Cast: Charlie Chaplin, Valentino Early in the film are "silent." However, the film distributors found that, in commenting on the movies that have a person to tell stories, make up the dialogue between characters can be more appealing to viewers. Did a few years, the film will play accompanied by subtitles in the bottom, so that actors can "speak", the show's content, he said. This allows greatly reduced the need for people commenting. The early film production, film special effects (special effects) together with the technology to match the lens. By now, computers have been widely used in film production with some lenses cast in a special chair to sit alone, to do some of the expressions and movements, appear on the screen background and the story is simply unthinkable, since the computer to do video editing that the tedious work of replacing the steps, so that the quality of the final copy of the factory's products are also quite different with the previous years, the.
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Film festivals around the world
This article is to introduce the "International Film Festival", "Oscar" is not to say. The following highlights some of the world have an impact on the international film festival. --- Father of the International Film Festival Venice International Film Festival Most prestigious international film festivals in Cannes International Film Festival --- Bridge East-West dialogue the film --- Berlin International Film Festival --- Film Festival Film Festival London International Film Festival The sake of peace and friendship --- Moscow International Film Festival North America Film Festival Montreal World Film Festival --- China's largest film festival award-winning film --- International Film Festival Karlovy Vary Asia's largest Film Festival Tokyo International Film Festival --- Africa's most influential film festival in Cairo International Film Festival ---
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Encyclopedia
Movies Film photography from the event with a slide show developed a modern Division Technology or art. Movie camera with a number of cells per second frame of the operation of intake rate, will be Photo shoot in the movement of the body strip film, a lot of gradual changes in cell movement Still images. Then the different scenes, different from many angles made into a plastic section of this Pieces link up, after a certain process, made many people can be screened simultaneously for the concept of Film. When these still pictures on film, 24 frames per second through the projector to draw Increase the speed at Silver Mu continuous projector, because the human visual impression of a special moment reserved Of the audience to see enlarged screen begins with the activities of photography. Film was invented in the 19th century The end is a silent film, the 20th century, there are sound film 20 years later another color power Film, three-dimensional movies. Many kinds of films, according to technology type, 70 mm, 35 Mm, 8 mm or Super 8 mm and 8.75 mm, with sound and silent films, black and white And color film. Content and performance by means of shooting is divided into three categories, namely, art films, new News documentary, science education film. Art films can be divided into feature films, art films, drama films And so on. Film as a cultural an integral part of the overall market, is a producer, publisher, Screening, audience, composed of the four. In China, the country is the movie studio founded Manufacturers. China Film Corporation, and the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities issued Line film distribution company is showing the main channel. Various types cinemas, theaters, clubs Department of Cultural Palace and the rural collective and individual screening by the film projection teams. China has a wide Pan-film audience. In recent years, advances in technology, increasing the means of mass communication, particularly Especially the popularity of home audio and video equipment to the film market may have some impact and influence, power Video market by the city to rural centers, especially in remote areas.
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Buddhist Encyclopedia
【Film】 (analogy) to the impermanence of power quickly Yu Law, no entity to affect Pi. Wuliangshoujing Next said: "Observing such as films, what the Bodhisattva Way."
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English Expression
: pictures, print film
n.: screen, cinema film, motion picture, spoken title, picture show, three handkerchief, pilot film, thriller, smash, movie, scenario, production, pix, photoplay, story, flicker, film, docudrama, cinematograph, cinema, cine
movie technology