A brown algae that grows in the sea rocks, shaped like a tape, contains a lot of iodine, used to distill iodine, potassium. When Chinese medicine called kelp.
Translated by Google
hǎi dài
Longer than a submarine rock band iodine brown algae, are consumed, the system iodine and medicinal value. Chinese medicine called "Tangle"
Translated by Google
No. 3
A brown algae. Growth in the sea rocks. Shaped like a tape, up to several meters long. Rich alginate and iodine, can be processed into dried products for edible and medicinal, can also be extracted iodine, alginate, mannitol and other industrial raw materials, high economic value.
Translated by Google
Plant Introduction
[Name] laminaria japonica aresch [Classification] Phaeophyta, Phaeophyceae (the only one of the doors Gang), seaweed head, kelp Branch, Laminaria. [Alias] kelp, seaweed and vegetables, cabbage river. [Form] brown algae, long ribbon, leathery, generally 2-6 meters long and 20-30 cm wide. Frond is divided into distinct regions holdfast, handle and blade. Holdfast rhizoids like, stubby cylindrical shank, shank upper part of the large elongated leaves. In the center of the blade has two parallel shallow trench in the middle of the band section, 2-5 mm thick, with a portion of the two edges of the thin wavy folds. Also algae, just like the root part played a role in fixing the root-like, as part of the leaves called fronds. [Origin, season] northern Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong provinces have our coastal aquaculture, wild kelp are on the low tide line 2-3 m depth under the rocks. From north to south due to the effects of temperature, light and other factors differ, so there is already growing kelp late maturity, in the same sea kelp rope or the same vaccine, which also has matured, so the harvest period from May In mid extended to early July. [] Kelp nutritional value is very high nutritional value of vegetables per hundred grams of dried seaweed contains: protein 8.2 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrate 57 g, fiber 9.8 g, 12.9 grams of inorganic salts, calcium 2.25 g, 0.15 g of iron and 0.57 mg carotene, thiamine (vitamin b1) 0.69 mg of riboflavin (vitamin b2) 0.36 mg, 16 mg of niacin, can send 262 dry calories. Compared with spinach, rape, in addition to vitamin c, the crude protein, sugar, calcium, iron levels were several times higher, several times. Kelp is a very high amount of iodine in seaweed. Iodine kelp farming generally 3 to 5% 0, up more than 7 to 10 flood. Distill obtained from iodine and alginic acid, widely used in pharmaceutical, food and chemical industry. Iodine is one of the essential elements of the human body, iodine deficiency will develop thyroid enlargement, eat kelp can prevent the disease, but also to prevent atherosclerosis, reduce the accumulation of cholesterol and fat. Kelp sodium alginate salt leukemia and bone pain and disease prevention role; hemostatic effects of arterial bleeding there, radioactive strontium-90 can reduce oral absorption in the intestine. Sodium alginate with antihypertensive effect. Kelp starch with lower blood lipids. In recent years, also found that a seaweed extract has anti-cancer effects. Kelp mannitol for the treatment of acute renal failure, cerebral edema, B encephalitis, acute glaucoma are valid. Spleen Deficiency less consumption. [Application] In addition to food, kelp seaweed can also be made soy sauce, seaweed sauce, flavored powder. Japanese powdered kelp as sausages and other food additives, expressed jubilation as the kelp tea noble foods. Seaweed extract with potassium alginate, mannitol industry, used in place of flour sizing, pulp cloth, when wine is used as a clarifying agent, but also for medical supplies. Seaweed for export varieties, the English called sea belt, exports to the country and region: Japan.
Translated by Google
Therapeutic and medicinal
[English name] kelp [Latin name] thallus laminariae [Source] for kelp fronds of kelp plants. Shandong, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong coast distribution or farmed. Summer and autumn harvest, generally dried for use. [Sexual flavor to the taste: salty, cold. ① "Wu Pu Materia Medica": "sour and salty, cold, non-toxic." ② "then the new Materia Medica": "bitter, cold, non-toxic." Meridian: the liver, stomach and kidney by; ① "to the drug sub-agent": "the stomach through." ② "then the new Materia Medica": "Rupi." [Application] 1 for gall, M. dysentery. FDA alone or with kelp, wakame compatibility to enhance the power Phlegm and Endometriosis. 2 for dysphagia diet high. Available Amomum of powder, milk delivery service, played a total of phlegm, stomach achievements. 3 for hernia, testicular cysts. With seaweed, cumin compatibility. 4 for edema, beriberi. Be compatible with other diuretic drugs. In addition, modern and for hypertension, coronary heart disease, cancer and so on. Single FDA, or compatibility of suitable drugs. [Usage] decoction, cooked, salad, sugar dip, or doing pills, scattered clothes 【Indications】 Phlegm Ruanjian Xiere diuresis, cough and asthma, Quzhi blood pressure, relieves congestion cancer. For gall tumors, scrofula, hernia of falling, cough, edema, hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity. [_Select_ion] kelp therapeutic side 1, the rule gall tumors, scrofula: seaweed 50 grams, 50 grams fried pork. 2 times a day. Or 50 grams of kelp, kelp 30 grams, 2 times water a day. 2, treatment of poisoning caused by itching skin: seaweed 50 grams, green beans 50 grams, 50 grams of brown sugar boiled taken once a day. 3, heat, high blood pressure, high cholesterol: seaweed 30 grams, 100 grams of melon, yi 30 grams with the soup. Plus the amount of sugar consumption, a twice daily. 4, cure testicular swelling: seaweed 15 grams, 15 grams of seaweed, cumin 6 grams, decoction, day 1. 5, treatment of hypertension, arteriosclerosis and chronic bronchitis and asthma: seaweed 15 grams, 100 grams of rice, pork 50 grams, with the porridge, with the amount of salt or sugar to taste food. 6, cure anger, headache, conjunctivitis: seaweed 20 grams, 30 grams Cassia, cook, eat kelp Yin Tang. 2 times a day. 7, treatment of iodine deficiency goiter and adolescence: seaweed 25 grams, 10 grams of seaweed, oysters 100 grams, with the soup, regular consumption. 8, treatment of chronic pharyngitis: kelp 500 grams of water, washed and cut into small pieces, cooked fish, add 200 grams of sugar, mix well, you can eat a pickled future. 2 times a day, each eating 50 grams. 9, treatment of obesity: kelp powder 2 grams, plum one, taking water immersion, 2 times a day. 10, prickly heat treatment of skin, cervical lymph node inflammation, simple goiter: seaweed 60 grams, green beans 70 grams, 100 grams of rice, dried tangerine peel 1, with the porridge, eat with the amount of white sugar. 11, candied kelp: kelp 500 grams of water, washed and cut into small pieces, cooked fish, add 250 grams of sugar, mix well, pickled day edible. Twice daily consumption of 50 grams. Endometriosis role, can cure chronic pharyngitis. 12, seaweed soup: kelp 10-15 grams, 100 grams of rice, pork amount, with the porridge, with the amount of salt (or sugar) seasoning food. There Ruanjian, antihypertensive, diuretic effect for hypertension, arteriosclerosis and chronic bronchitis, cough embolism. Sclerosis and chronic bronchitis, cough embolism. 13, kelp yi melon soup: kelp (or algae) 30 grams, 100 grams of melon, Coix 10 grams, with soup, flavored with the right amount of sugar consumed. Have lower blood pressure, blood fat, Qingshu fever, spleen dampness, anti-cancer effect. 14, oyster drum seaweed soup: 100 g oyster drum, 25 grams of kelp, seaweed 10 grams, with soup, regular consumption can cure iodine deficiency goiter and adolescence. 15, kelp green bean dessert: seaweed 60 grams, shredded, green beans, 150 grams, with the soup, add the right amount of brown sugar to taste food. Complemented heart, diuretic, Ruanjian, Phlegm, scattered galls effect. For hypertension, beriberi edema, cervical lymphadenopathy, simple goiter, children summer day prickly heat boils poison, phlegm cough embolism. Kelp medicated side 16, kelp amount, often eating soup can cure high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, obesity, high cholesterol, and have anti-cancer effects. Dosage decoction, cooked salad. 15-50 grams each. [Taboo] spleen and stomach were cut, body weight loss unfit for human consumption. Ingredients and Pharmaceutical] This product contains a variety of organic compounds and iodine, potassium, calcium, iron and other elements, but also contains protein, fatty acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and niacin. Prevention and treatment of endemic goiter can significantly lower cholesterol. Eat kelp iodine intake can increase, a significant increase in the absorption of calcium, there is that this is one of the factors that have anti-cancer effects. Hypertension, atherosclerosis and lipomatosis have some preventive and adjuvant therapy.
Translated by Google
Nutrition
Best paired with: Tofu with seaweed Tofu nutritious, containing saponin components, can inhibit the absorption of fat, promote lipolysis, prevent arteriosclerosis peroxide produced quality. However, saponins can cause a lack of iodine in the body, and seaweed rich in essential iodine (iodine per 100 Ridge with 24 g). Because kelp iodine much, but can induce goiter, both with the food, make tofu more than saponin excretion that allows the body of iodine in equilibrium. But note that the kelp cold, spleen and stomach were cut. Patients with hyperthyroidism do not eat kelp. Pregnant women, nursing mothers should not eat more seaweed, kelp iodine because with the blood circulation into the tire (infant) child body, causing tire (infant) child thyroid dysfunction. With sesame seaweed According to modern nutrition analysis, sesame seeds contain a variety of nutrients needed by the body, and its protein content than meat, which is rich in amino acid content, the amount of two times the calcium of milk. Sesame fat is more abundant, up 54%, and more lecithin, prevents hair prematurely white or off. Which contains a variety of nutrients beneficial to skin vitamin e, can improve blood circulation, promote metabolism, received the effect of beauty. Kelp is rich in calcium and iodine, helps thyroid hormone synthesis. Both food with not only beauty, as well as anti-aging effect. Sesame seaweed salad is a very nutritious and tasty dish. 100 grams of sesame impurities, washing clean, into the pot, slowly fry over low heat, fry sesame hair when incense, pan and let cool. 350 g of wet kelp washed shredded. Kelp steamed stir the pot and let cool for 15 minutes, add MSG, vinegar, sugar, olive oil and mix well plate, sprinkle with sesame seeds, mix well and serve.
Translated by Google
Homophonic words
Kelp homophonic word "sea to be" means a work experience studying abroad, after returning to the country can not adapt to the environment had to unemployed people.
Translated by Google
No. 8
Kelp ("Jiayou Materia Medica") Synonyms】 【Iris sea, seaweed ("Northeast medicine plant Chi"). [Source] for eelgrass plants eelgrass grass. Plant morphology] eelgrass ("Herbal Supplements") The Shen perennial plants. Roots lying, white hypertrophy; stems branching at the base, flat, light maroon. Leaf green, linear, up to 50 cm or more, about 5 mm thick, soft; stipules membranous, long and narrow. Meat spike-like inflorescence, was born in the grate-like bracts; small flowers, male and female flowers are arranged in two lines cross, without perianth, naked out; ovary ovate-oblong, apex chisel-shaped style, stigma second crack, wiry . Flowering from April to May, the fruit of five to six months. Born in the sea. Distribution of Liaoning, Shandong coast. Modern commonly known as kelp seaweed herbs in use (see "kelp" section). Kelp "Tengchow of human stem to bundle objects" and "Jiayou Materia Medica" describes, is eelgrass and sea chives. Tengchow area births eelgrass and sea leeks, two plants in Shandong called "kelp grass", whose traits are the "Jiayou Materia Medica" call "flexibility and long" match. Today, Liaoning Province were also eelgrass medicine, called kelp. [Collection] spring, summer, autumn can be harvested, remove impurities, washed with fresh water, dried. [Medicine] dry grass, was slender ribbon, entire, often wrinkled or curled, and more chopped, about 2 to 8 mm in diameter, thin paper, brown-green to brown the surface, there are white efflorescence. Crisp as paper, fine hair-like fibers have broken the surface. Smell the faint; taste salty. Produced in Liaoning, Shandong and other places. Chemical composition of dry eelgrass moisture content of 28.5%, ash content of 17%, 21.2%, crude fiber, nitrogen 0.71%, 4.81% protein, 1.2% fat, 8.82% pentosan. Also included eelgrass prime, there galacturonic acid, galactose, arabinose, xylose, o-methyl sugars xylose and parsley. Still contain tannin, vitamin B2 and so on. Iodine content of less algae. Pharmacological effects of ether with an ingredient made from seaweed (eelgrass), the inhibition of M. tuberculosis. [Cooked] pick impurities, water drift net, cut wide wire, dry. [Taste] salty, cold. ① "Essentials Collection": "bitter, salty, cold, non-toxic." ② "With the interest rate spectrum of home eating": "salty sweet, cool." 【Indications】 Ruanjian phlegm, diuresis Xiere. Governance gall tuberculosis, hernia refer, edema, beriberi. ① "Jiayou Materia Medica":. "Birth, treatment and cure of wind woman, but also for launching the drug" ② "The sketches by": "water speed in the seaweed." ③ "outline": "flood diseases, galls, work with seaweed." ④ "Yu Catalpa drug solution": "Ruanjian heat, phlegm and Water." ⑤ "Doctor Lin compile":. "Make up the heart, the water line, Phlegm, Ruanjian galls tuberculosis, cold and heat Jia attack hernia, beriberi edema, through Yege." [Usage and dosage] Oral: decoction, 1.5 to 3 money; or into pills, powder. [Election] ① rule superfluous: kelp, seaweed, sea clams, kelp (four flavor are baked), Alisma (fried), forsythia, and above each decile, dimple pigs, sheep dimple each ten. For the fine, pill, such as beheaded large, temporary hold in the mouth of a lying, two pills. ("Confucian pro-door thing" than gall Dan) ② rule three kinds of gall: seaweed, kelp, kelp, Rayone each twelve, green salt, Hiroshige half two. The decile, fine, old rice drink for the pills big stick, hold in the mouth. In refining pill is also good. ("Miscellaneous name party" okho bulk) Famous paper] "Materia Medica words":. "Kelp, to gall the water line, lower gas phlegm, work with seaweed, kelp; woman Fang has experience with this birth, the ear is slightly different."
Translated by Google
Plant Introduction
[Name] Laminaria japonica Aresch [Classification] Phaeophyta, Phaeophyceae (the only one of the doors Gang), seaweed head, kelp Branch, Laminaria. [Alias] kelp, Jiang cabbage. Description Use a brown algae growing on the seabed rock, shaped like a ribbon, contains a lot of iodine, used to distill iodine and potassium. When TCM medicine called kelp, the "Crown of alkaline foods" one said. [Form] brown algae, long ribbon, leathery, generally 2-6 meters long and 20-30 cm wide. Frond is divided into distinct regions holdfast, handle and blade. Holdfast rhizoids like, stubby cylindrical shank, shank upper part of the large elongated leaves. In the center of the blade has two parallel shallow trench in the middle of the band section, 2-5 mm thick, with a portion of the two edges of the thin wavy folds. Also algae, just like the root part played a role in fixing the root-like, as part of the leaves called fronds. [Origin, season] northern Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong provinces have our coastal aquaculture, wild kelp are on the low tide line 2-3 m depth under the rocks. From north to south due to the effects of temperature, light and other factors differ, so there is already growing kelp late maturity, in the same sea kelp rope or the same vaccine, which also has matured, so the harvest period from May In mid extended to early July. [] Kelp nutritional value is very high nutritional value of vegetables per hundred grams of dried seaweed contains: protein 8.2 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrate 57 g, fiber 9.8 g, 12.9 grams of inorganic salts, calcium 2.25 g, 0.15 g of iron and 0.57 mg carotene, thiamine (vitamin B1) 0.69 mg of riboflavin (vitamin B2) 0.36 mg, 16 mg of niacin, can send 262 dry calories. Compared with spinach, rape, in addition to vitamin C, crude protein, carbohydrate, calcium, iron levels were several times higher, several times. Kelp is a very high amount of iodine in seaweed. Iodine kelp farming generally 3 ~ 5 ‰, and more up to 7 ~ 10 ‰. Distill obtained from iodine and alginic acid, widely used in pharmaceutical, food and chemical industry. Iodine is one of the essential elements of the human body, will suffer from iodine deficiency goiter, eat kelp can prevent the disease, but also to prevent atherosclerosis, reduce the accumulation of cholesterol and fat. Kelp sodium alginate salt leukemia and bone pain and disease prevention role; hemostatic effects of arterial bleeding there, radioactive strontium-90 can reduce oral absorption in the intestine. Sodium alginate with antihypertensive effect. Kelp starch with lower blood lipids. In recent years, also found that a seaweed extract has anti-cancer effects. Kelp mannitol for the treatment of acute renal failure, cerebral edema, B encephalitis, acute glaucoma are valid. Spleen Deficiency less consumption. [Application] In addition to food, kelp seaweed sauce can also be made, seaweed sauce, flavored powder, kelp can also be processed into chips, seaweed chips as a new class of marine leisure food. Currently in the forefront of China's hundred counties in Shandong Rongcheng City, a large farming seafood processing enterprises have been developed to produce this new product, which will no doubt be more abundant kelp products product chain, while increasing the depth of fine seaweed industry development of processing. Japanese powdered kelp as sausages and other food additives, expressed jubilation as the kelp tea noble foods. Seaweed extract with potassium alginate, mannitol industry, used in place of flour sizing, pulp cloth, when wine is used as a clarifying agent, but also for medical supplies. Seaweed for export varieties, the English called sea belt, exports to the country and region: Japan.
Translated by Google
Optional kelp
Quality thick, wide, long shape, body dry, thick dark brown or dark green color, edge chipping or yellowing phenomenon is of high quality kelp.
Translated by Google
Literature excerpts
1 "Ben Cao Jing Shu": under kelp, salt to soft-kin, their sexual moist, cold can remove heat relieves congestion, so the main twelve edema, gall coalescence of gas, fistula sores. Higashigaki cloud: gall hard as stone, non-this is not removed, are salty able Ruanjian the power also. Details of the performance of its odor treatment with seaweed roughly the same. 2 "Materia Medica": Tangle of sex, the male in the seaweed, the constant use of choke disease, remove the old cover whichever sputum. 3 "doctors do not record": Main twelve edema, gall coalescence of gas, fistula sores. 4 "resistance": Lee waterways, to swollen face, to malignant sore rat fistula. 5 "Herbal Supplements": Main decadent egg swollen. 6 Choi Woo-suk "Cuisine": Governance nine fistula wind hot, hot hate, pain, numbness of hands and feet, in order to benefit the people eat raw. 7 "Herbal Tongxuan": the main Yege. 8 Yao can become a "food Materia Medica": crony Levin, the main women vaginal discharge, fine man vent nocturnal emissions. 9 "Jade Catalpa drug solution": drain dehumidification, breaking product Ruanjian. Heat water, treatment of water, gas swollen swelling, scrofula galls, TUI hernia malignant sore, and seaweed, kelp isoenzymes. 10 "Modern and practical medicine": cure edema, lymph disease, wet beriberi. Mataji goiter, chronic bronchitis, cough. Harvesting and storage Summer, autumn harvest, fish from the sea, and dried. Distribution of resources 1. The distribution of natural growth, China's Liaodong and Shandong limited fertile waters of two Peninsula. Artificial breeding has been extended to Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other places along the coast. But as cool temperate species. 2 country located in Zhejiang, Fujian coast. Warm temperate species. 3 of crony Levin can be divided into two types: the North Sea type (. Forma distans Miyabe et Okam) algae are more slender, feathery cleft close to the ribs, spores from leaf leaves a considerable distance. Growth in Dalian, Shandong coast. Nanhai type (forma typica Yendo) is just the opposite, that body is short, feathery cleft shallow, fertile leaves close to the leaves. Zhejiang Shengsi Islands waters grow naturally guilty of this type. Drug contraindications Spleen Deficiency Yun wet Jifu. Animal and plant morphology 1 kelp frond olive-brown, dark brown when dry. Zonal mature leathery, usually long 2-6m, width 20-50cm, the blade has two parallel vertical travel center shallow trench, ditch the two middle thicker part "in the band section," thickness of about 2 - 5mm, both edges gradually thin, wrinkled and wavy blade base cuneate, thick into the stage, compared with flat circular, cylindrical or flat the next round with a short handle and long 5-15cm, stem and leaves are internal pith, cortex and epidermis components. There mucus cavity within the outer cortex, cavity-secreting cells can secrete mucus to the leaf surface, constitutes a gelatinous layer, so slimy algae sky protection. Pith composed of many filaments, filaments dilated end trumpet tubular cells. Young frond of glossy small leaves appear uneven phenomenon of kelp. Annual frond lower leaves, usually that is able to see Sori growth was nearly circular plaque; are grown algae biennial sori on almost all of the leaves. Holdfast forked branches rhizoids formed. Spores mature in autumn. 2 black kelp frond brown to dark brown, leathery, high 30-100cm or more. Flat fronds large, central thicker, since both sides of one to two pinnatipartite, tongues like lobes or longer, slightly wrinkled, generally coarsely toothed edges. Petiole stem-like, cylindrical or slightly flat, long 4-12cm, diameter 3-8mm. Cortical cells in mucus algae as arranged in a ring cavity for 1-2 layers. Pith by the indefinite strike speaker tube filaments. Tour sori on the surface of mature fronds lobes and the central part of the lateral formation. Holdfast by the dichotomous branching rhizoids components. Sporangium formation in early summer, the spores mature in autumn. 3 wakame frond brown, soft leathery, high 1-2m, width 50-100cm, flat fronds, a significant uplift in the middle of the ribs on both sides gradually thin soft, feathery lobes form a majority, or in size of the missing notch, but no teeth. Foliage scattered many small black spots, mucus cells into epidermal openings. When ripe, raw on both sides of the petiole below fungus spore-like folds overlapping leaves, slimy flesh, which the dense sporangium. Petiole lower end forked branches composed of rhizoids holdfast. Efficacy classification Cough medicine; Ruanjian drugs; diuresis medicine Cultivation of medicinal plants Biological characteristics of the original cold water kelp seaweed. The growth temperature is 0 ~ 13 ℃, with 2 ~ 7 ℃ is the optimum temperature. Kelp photosynthesis needs to have sufficient light and absorb nutrients from seawater, because seawater turbidity or different transparency of the water layer is also suitable for the growth of other shades, deep subtidal were greater than 2 ~ 3m, were in shallow water deep down lm (in seawater chase nitrogen and phosphorus can increase the yield kelp). The flow rate of a large sea grow well, whereas the growth is very slow and easy to dye diseases. Average flow rate at 50 ~ 80cm / s is more appropriate. Kelp is a significant generational plants, algae treasure ascus release zoospores, formed after germination oocysts and seminal vesicles gametophyte gametophyte combine to form a zygote, the zygote germinated to produce young sporophyte, young sporophyte through asexual reproduction is the Khumbu . Although a variety of kelp seedling breeding techniques, but 6 to July summer seedling cultivation is the main source of China's Miao kelp farming. _Select_ breeding sea kelp reef at the bottom of the sea pollution construction of a refrigeration system, pumping from sea water purification systems, and nursery room can adjust lighting glass house structure. North and south of the larger temperature difference, it should be in 6-8 months, the temperature rose to 23 ℃ before picking good spores. _Select_ the blade straight from the sea, large, thick, robust, dark brown color, multi-spore soup and moderate maturity, no rotting kelp individuals for the species, the water continues to move to the indoor cultivation. Water temperature is kept between 13 ~ 18 ℃, natural light, chasing Nitrogen 400mg/m3, 520mg/m3 phosphorus, etc., through the leaf surface 14d Sori. In order to make a lot of relief tour spores, species of kelp can be hung in the shade to dry 2 ~ 4h, investment pools, water temperature 20 ~ 22 ℃, stimulate its diffuse travel spores, and can be attached to a bamboo or coir production growth based on , and then nurtured. Cultivation temperature below 10 ℃, more than 10h lighting time per day to maintain, adjust the amount of light by shading devices based on different growth stages increased from 500lx to 3000lx. Fertilization breeding period, the initial nitrogen 3xl0-6, phosphorus 0.15x10-6, medium nitrogen 4 × l0-6, phosphorus 0.2 × l0-6, the latter a 5 × 10 6 of nitrogen, phosphorus and 0.15 × l0-6. Regular replacement of part of the water, and maintain a certain flow rate, so that the water can reach the replacement of 1/6 to 1/3 per hour to keep the water clean. After about 100d, the seedlings grow to 1 ~ 2cm long, moved offshore holding culture, should be promptly blinds, fertilization and regulating water level, so that when the seedlings grow to 10 to 15cm to clip seedlings, using the "shake a lot of pull." tick postemergence method, the seedlings at 1.5 ~ 2m long clip clip seedlings ropes. Single folder trees from seedlings of trees in three forms 2.5 ~ 3cm, cluster clip 2 to 3 seedlings as a cluster, the cluster from 5 ~ 7cm, and then the seedlings rope hanging on the raft, can be vertical raising, rearing, inclined to support. There are pest-off against seedling green rot, white rot and other diseases, by mastering the proper density spore attachment (not too large), improving lighting, strengthen scrub, with 0.05% or 0.01% ammonium sulfate immersion, can play control effect. During rearing, raising the initial attention dense, sparse grow to 1m or so, and according to the different growing kelp used to adjust the light intensity, flushing fluid mud, spilled ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate fertilizers, adjust the water level and other measures to combat Green rot, white rot, white rot spots. Processing Methods Pick impurities, water drift net, cut wide wire, dry. Identification of raw medicinal herbs Identification of traits (1) kelp curled or folded into a slug into the tangle. All greenish-brown or dark brown surface with frost. With water until soft expanded into a flat ribbon long, long 50-150cm, width 10-40cm, central thick, thin and wavy edges. Class leathery, remaining flat cylindrical shank. Gas fishy, salty taste. (2) Department of black kelp tablets oval or flat round, 1-2 times pinnatipartite, tongues like lobes, margin sparsely toothed or entire. Gas fishy, salty taste. Water immersion, hand twist stratification. (3) Department of seaweed sheet 1 pinnatipartite, the central bulge of the ribs. Gas fishy, salty taste. To slice large, thick body, the color green is preferred. Quality mark "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" 1995 edition states: dry goods, kelp iodine (I) shall not be less than 0.35%, black kelp iodine (I) shall not be less than 0.20%. Taste Salty; cold; toxic Chinese chemical identification Take this product 10g, cut into pieces, add distilled water 200ml, dip 4h, the filtrate was concentrated to 1/2. Take Concentrate 2 ~ 3ml, add 1 drop of nitric acid, silver nitrate few drops of test solution, resulting in a yellow precipitate milky, slightly soluble in liquid ammonia, insoluble in nitric acid. (Check iodine) Medicine source As kelp Branch (Kun Buke) plant kelp and algae plants black-winged kelp, seaweed fronds. Formulations Khumbu eye drops. Dosage Oral: decoction ,5-15g; or into pills, powder. Source "Chinese herbal medicine", "Chinese Dictionary"
Translated by Google
Cooking guide
Kelp is a taste of delicious food, can be cold, but also soup. However, before eating, after which should be washed, then soaked, and then soaked in water and edible seaweed soup pot together. This prevents the water-soluble vitamins are discarded mannitol and some do not, and thus save the kelp active ingredients. Soaked with water before cooking 2 to 3 hours, changing the water several times in the middle. To ensure the seaweed fresh and delicious, with clean boiled for about 15 minutes, the time should not be too long. Do not eat before a long soak kelp First to find out, whether it contains kelp "Arsenic"? Arsenic, commonly found in the environment and in nature plants, animals, aquatic organisms especially marine life, there is a strong arsenic enrichment capability, generally fish arsenic 1.l mg / kg, lobster 70 mg / kg, kelp 35 -40 mg / kg, of course, different from its waters polluted to varying degrees, there are differences in their arsenic content. No toxic elements arsenic, arsenic compounds such as oxides, salts and organic compounds are toxic. Arsenic is the body of trace elements, play a role in the metabolism of human cells, but long-term excessive intake can cause chronic poisoning. Arsenic in the body mainly in the form of arsenic trioxide, mainly by the kidneys, intestinal tract. Normal blood arsenic was 0.0064 mg / 100 ml, urinary arsenic <0.5 mg / l. World Health Organization provisional maximum allowable daily intake of arsenic was 0.05 mg / kg body weight. Arsenic contamination of food are often ways: ① polluting industries and hazardous substances; ② arsenic contamination of pesticides; ③ contamination during food processing; ④ vessel pollution. The kelp marine pollution is mainly caused by arsenic. Therefore, when eating seaweed, from a security point of view, must be washed clean by the water after soaking kelp, arsenic and arsenic compounds dissolved in water, arsenic will be greatly reduced. When soaked in water to more, or change one or two of water, as the soaking time, do not say very definitely, it has a great relationship with the texture and arsenic seaweed, kelp more tender, less arsenic soaking time not too long. If the texture is hard, much arsenic, soaking time can be relatively long, but because of how much arsenic is difficult to visually identify, therefore, the general said soak 6 hours or so on the line, because the soaking time is too long, kelp nutrition substances, such as water-soluble vitamins, inorganic salts, etc. can also be dissolved in water, will reduce the nutritional value.
Translated by Google
Therapeutic value
Kelp seaweed plants and algae plants winged kelp, seaweed fronds. Formerly known as the Khumbu Lun cloth. Also known as kelp seaweed dish, kelp also known as face their dishes, black kelp, tulip dish. Of Shandong, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Fujian and other coastal areas are distributed. Summer and autumn harvest, dry spare. When soaked in warm water with the soft, wash. [Performance] taste salty, cold. Kennedy can light Sanjie, Phlegm, diuresis. [References] algin acid containing kelp, kelp factors, mannitol, galactan, seaweed polysaccharides, kelp acid, potassium, iodine, calcium, cobalt, fluorine, carotene, vitamin B1, B2, C, P , protein, proline, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and other amino acids; laminarin containing algin acid, protein, mannitol, potassium, iodine, etc.; seaweed containing algin acid, protein, mannitol, iodine, bromine, Calcium and vitamin B12, kelp acid, alanine, glycine, proline and other amino acids. The product of the iodine, iodide can be used to correct the hypothyroidism caused by a lack of iodine, so swollen glands shrink; while hyperthyroidism can temporarily suppress metabolic rate and reduce symptoms (but not last). Iodine can promote the absorption of inflammatory exudate, and to diseased tissue collapse and dissolve. Kelp acid has antihypertensive effect; seaweed polysaccharide lipid-lowering effect. In addition, with seaweed, kelp is "carcinoma Dan" decoction on Ehrlich abdominal cancer inhibition; kelp seaweed liquid extract on rabbits schistosomiasis has obvious therapeutic effect. [Use] for gall tumors, scrofula, sputum nuclear; dysphagia, eating less; hernia, testicular swelling; edema, beriberi. Modern yet for hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity, cancer. [Usage] decoction, cooking, salad, powder and so on. [Note] "Herbal", said: "kelp gas, Jiufu lean, no such phlegm inedible." "Island of love eat, is no good food, just eat this thing; phase of acclimatization, disease nor students. "are the voice of experience. [With square] 1, kelp powder: kelp 30g, bleach washed, dried, ground into fine powder, each with 3g, wrapped in cotton wool, soaked in vinegar is good, hold in the mouth with the pharynx Tianjin, sleep Smell do that then swallow . From the "Sheng Hui Fang." The parties to take kelp Endometriosis Xiaoying; vinegar, "Nikka Materia Medica" that can "help various drug," the product's use as his assistant. For gall gas, nuclear sputum swollen and hard. Press the "elbow after party" with the same amount of seaweed to kelp for pill containing the pharynx, the function is basically the same as described above. 2, wheat boiled kelp: Kelp 100g, wheat 50g, add water, cook, waiting wheat when overripe, leaching juice, leaving kelp. 2 tablespoons each, always taking; while picking kelp chewing pharynx Tianjin. From the "Sheng Hui Fang." The parties take kelp Sanjie, Phlegm, wheat beneficial stomach. For "chest choking gas, less than food, throats if meat." 3, Kunhai Fennel soup: kelp, seaweed, hawthorn 15g, cumin 10g. Plus decoction. The parties take kelp, seaweed Ruanjian, hawthorn blood, cumin qi, qi and blood circulation were played validity Endometriosis. For hernia pain, or testicular enlargement. Description: also Mingkun Bu, known as "longevity food", "sea vegetables," "iodine champion" in the world. Its nutritional value, the food really is a health and longevity.
Translated by Google
Nutrition kelp introduction
Efficacy: Iodine is extremely rich, it is the main raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormone in vivo, and shiny hair is due to the body play a role in the formation of thyroxine. Therefore, eat kelp make your hair fluttering. Iodine can stimulate the pituitary gland to enable women to reduce estrogen levels and restore normal ovarian function, correct endocrine disorders, eliminate hidden dangers of breast hyperplasia. Glial kelp can promote the body of radioactive substances excreted along with feces, thereby reducing the accumulation of radioactive substances in the human body, but also reduced the incidence of radiation sickness. Kelp contains large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber, to remove the attachment of cholesterol in the blood vessel wall, smooth tone stomach, promote the excretion of cholesterol; rich in calcium contained elements can reduce the body's absorption of cholesterol, lower blood pressure. Synergy of these three substances, the lipid-lowering effect is better. For the crowd: Most people can eat. Applicable amount: every 15 to 20 grams is appropriate, pregnant and lactating women daily intake should not exceed 20 grams. Tips: As the world is now contaminated water, the kelp is likely to contain toxic substances - arsenic, so cooking should be preceded soaked with water two or three hours in the middle should be replaced by one or two of water. But do not soak too long, no more than 6 hours in order to avoid excessive loss of water-soluble nutrients. Do not drink tea immediately after eating seaweed, and do not eat sour fruit immediately. Patients with hyperthyroidism do not eat kelp. Pregnant and lactating women should not eat kelp. This is because Iodine can enter the blood circulation tires (infant) child body, causing tire (infant) child thyroid dysfunction.
Translated by Google
"Kelp" special stamps
Kelp "offshore aquaculture" special stamps 1992 in order to promote the development of offshore aquaculture industry to restore fishery resources proliferation significance of the former Ministry of Posts on April 15, 1992 issued a _set_ of "offshore aquaculture" special stamps 4, Section 4 of them piece "kelp." Stamp designer style using a side angle, vividly depicts a cluster of dark brown kelp image; stamp printed on the bottom left of Chinese and Latin name "Kelp · Laminaria Japonica", both depict the physical nature of kelp, with science, but also showed a kelp dignified and elegant, filled with a dance of strength and charm.
Translated by Google
Other
"Seaweed" or "sea to be": it refers to unemployed persons returning overseas students.
Translated by Google
Science knowledge
Forming kelp (kelp) seaweed belonging Branch (Laminariaceae) kelp genus hypertrophic zone plate cultivated species, a biennial scientific name of seaweed Laminaria japonica Aresch, alias Jiang cabbage, kelp. Is lower plants, brown algae door. Per 100g dried seaweed products containing protein 8.2-9.0g, carbohydrate 54.3-56.2g, Calcium 1177-1341mg, phosphorus 216-221mg, 122-150mg of iron and vitamins, it also contains a wealth of mannitol, alginate and iodine. Strip can be soup, fried, crisp vinegar or made jam. Can treat and prevent iodine deficiency thyroid disease, and is an important chemical raw materials, feed additives also can increase the iodine content of poultry eggs. Chinese edible seaweed has more than 1,000 years of history, is a large-scale cultivation. Classification and varieties: natural distribution in the Pacific coast kelp. Originated in the Bering Strait and the Sea of Okhotsk in the Soviet Union, the Kuril, Japan, the Pacific coast of Hokkaido and northern Honshu. After the formation of Quaternary Sea of Japan, and the development of the West Bank and the Soviet Union to Hokkaido and Sakhalin, including Korea, Japan rose western coastal areas north of Wonsan. In 1927, Dalian true kelp from Japan into China Sea, 1930 began stoning subsea tie seedling breeding, migration to 1946 by the Dalian, Yantai, Shandong Peninsula, North Shore coast, then moved to Qingdao coast in 1951. Since 1952, the seaweed "raft cultivation", "summer cold sterile seedling", "fertigation", "southward cultivation" and other tests are successful, a substantial increase in cultivated area. 1957 quickly expanded to Zhejiang, Fujian coast. 1979 planting area has reached 18,000 hectares, with an annual capacity 270,000 tons of dry goods, ranking first in the world. Liaoning is now north south coastal Fujian Lianjiang has cultivated kelp. To 1984 only, except for Japan, other countries have not yet carried out a large-scale cultivation of seaweed commodity. Botanical Characters: kelp with gametophyte (miniature) and sporozoites (large) two generations. Edible seaweed is sporophyte (2n), by the band piece, handle and solid first consists of three parts. Strip ribbon, unbranched, long 1-4m (up to 6m above), width 10-25cm (most wide around 50cm), brown and shiny, two linear throughout the longitudinal groove formed in the central zone plates with department. Chip-edge wave pleated, thin and soft. Handle length 1.5-6.0cm, at the upper end of the small sea stalk close to the base of a piece with the color depth of the critical state of the annular region, saying, "said the Central Zone", comes sheet length increases, shank and bold colors deepen and disappear. Holdfast from the tip of the double branching rhizoids components. Rhizoids top with suction cup, fixed in a matrix. Strip intermediate growth, meristem cells and the growth area is located in the base band chip to handle color ring area. When kelp mature, producing irregular bulge sori beginning at strip surface. Sporangia released by the pear-shaped, lateral two unequal-length flagella zoospores can be attached to a variety of substrates (such as shells, gravel, bricks, wood, bamboo, and even bottom and anchor ropes, etc.), long into male and female gametocytes, in appropriate environmental conditions combined to form a small kelp fertilization. Classification and species: There are three variants, namely model variants true kelp (L.japonica var.japonica), wedge base variant Lee kao kelp (L.japonica var.ochotensis) and broken edge variants ghost kelp (L.japonica var.diabolica) . Since 1958, China sea petiole length, strip length, width, thickness, color iodine content and type of genetic variation in the law for a more systematic study, and using a hybrid of the original population, rigorous self-directional _Select_ and X-ray treatment, hybridization between different strains, haploid breeding methods, inbred and bred many new varieties with different traits, including such high-yielding new varieties of iodine-rich kelp, No. 860, No. 1170, and the new high-yield One hybrid varieties of sea, sea One single in northern China have become major coastal cultivars. Growth Characteristics: The seaweed cultivation was introduced to China after years of domestication, produced a change of temperature adaptability, sporangium formation of optimum temperature 15-20 ℃, gametophyte growth temperature 15 ℃, 20 ℃, the water temperature can not gametophyte ovulation, fertilization. Spore formation temperature for 10 ℃, optimum growth temperature is 3-10 ℃, water temperature 13-20 ℃, the diminished intensity of photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation fastest. Water temperature exceeds 23 ℃, the release of zoospores can not grow into a gametophyte. Cultivation techniques: kelp cultivation of seedlings, seed separation and develop in three stages. Nursery: early Chinese culture in sea kelp and more education "autumn seedlings", later changed to indoor education "summer seedlings." When asked to cultivate summer seedlings under seawater containing 100 spores per microscope field of view 30-50 spores. The nursery is _set_ in seawater containing spores about 6-8 hours, so that the spores attached to it. Nursery has rope curtain (with the North) and bamboo (South by) two, should be boiled in water and a long soak. Strict control of temperature and light during the nursery, keep the water clean. Gametophyte stage water temperature is 12-14 ℃, the light intensity of 1000 lux (lx) or less; sporophyte stage water temperature is 8-12 ℃, light intensity 1500-4000 lux. Seedlings treated with purified sea water, and add nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and other inorganic salts, to keep the water flowing, changing the water every day for the 1-5-1 / 2. Nursery pond once every half a thorough scrubbing. Taken about a week after seedling nursery began to wash, a light early ears, late heavy wash, wash, to prevent a large number of attached algae hybrid breeding. In summer, seedling growth under low temperature conditions required 3-4 months after sea moved (temperature below 20 ℃) relaying. Temporary develop methods and the water layer varies by sea, the sea is less than 1m by transparency, the use of soft bamboo staves Yingjia or trapezoidal frame will hang in the nursery is flat raft shelves; seawater transparency over 1m and generally cut the rope seedlings Growth intercept 50-60cm, and single rope hanging under the raft. _Set_ initial hanging underwater 80-150cm, the latter gradually raised to 30-50cm. Of seedlings: seedlings moved to sea relaying, growth accelerated. When the seedlings 15-20cm in length, the need for timely transplantation evacuation (of seedlings). Southern "single seedling trees clip" show, seedlings from 2-4cm; production lines when using this method, seedlings distance of 4-5cm. If using a bunch of 2-3 trees, the beam distance of 7-8cm. When clip seedlings, seedling bogey clip color ring shank area, anti-strip deformity. Southern District using shallow layer mixing water level hanging, stocking 3-5 ten thousand acres of seedlings; northern general use of oblique and vertical rearing support, stocking 1.2-1.5 ten thousand acres. Training in child raising water levels deep water layer, typically 100-200cm. Develop: the fertile southern water quality, transparency is small, light conditions are generally required to meet the kelp-based; North Sea water quality slim, transparency changes, at different growth stages kelp, to regulate light, nutrients and water between the three factors influence each other. Take early "dense Zanyang focus fertilization" interim "shift rafts or transplant seedlings rope" technical measures to increase production. Harvesting and processing: kelp harvest period is based on the dry weight of algae growth, so-called "thick as a" case decision. Water temperature and light intensity are affected "thick as a" major factor, the water temperature is about 15 ℃ to begin harvesting. Single trees between the closing, closing and early every single rope between trees debt collection, the entire post-harvest methods such as rope. Immediately after harvest, dried kelp tiled Shaichang also dried and salted kelp, but the law more than the loss of nutrients and poor quality. Dried seaweed easy to absorb damp and mildew deterioration. Mass production in a timely manner when grading, packing; may be sealed when a small amount of dry goods production can be more long-term preservation. There seaweed seedling common deformity disease and rot, sea green rot disease and leaf roll with the disease. Keep the water clean, water flow, increased fertilizer, avoiding light is too strong and dramatic changes in water temperature, can prevent or reduce the occurrence and development of disease. There are three variants, namely model variants true kelp, wedge base variant Rishiri kelp seaweed and broken edges variants ghost.
Translated by Google
Encyclopedia
haidai Kelp Laminaria japonica Phaeophyta (Phaeophyta) Tour spores Gang (Phaeospophyceae) kelp mesh (Laminariales) kelp Branch (Laminariaceae) Laminaria. Individual large, fast growth, high economic value of a large brown algae. Natural distribution in the Pacific Northwest coast, is a cold-temperate seaweed. Frond shape of leaves, stalk and holdfast three parts. Leaf ribbon, unbranched, color brown and shiny, there are two shallow longitudinal groove formed in the middle of the blade through the band department. Cylindrical shank, and local connections slightly flat circular blade, generally 5 to 6 cm long. Holdfast located at the base of the handle, many times by the two-branch composed of cylindrical rhizoids, rhizoids end of the birth suction cup for securing the entire frond. Distribution of the water layer and the natural life cycle of seaweed growing on rocks below the low tide line. The distribution of water depth due to sea water quality varies: in Hokkaido, Japan origin, water clear and transparent large, usually below the low tide line about 6 to 7 meters to 13 to 15 meters, the deepest of up to 45 meters. China's coastal waters are generally more turbid, transparency is small, the water layer which grow naturally very shallow, such as Yantai, Qingdao coastal kelp only near the low tide line to about 1 m below. But Luda coastal waters up to less than the clear waters of the low tide line 2 to 3 meters. Kelp life cycle, there are two different generations, namely sporophyte gametophyte generation and generations. Sporophyte generation biphasic generation, also known as asexual generations. After spore maturation, resulting in the blade surface sori, spore mother cell meiosis to form spores travel, diffuse, attached to the substrate, the growth of female and male gametophyte. Temperature 10 ℃, light 10 hours, the light intensity of about 1,000 lux suitable conditions, the male and female gametophyte after about 2 weeks to form oocysts and sperm sac and discharge eggs and sperm. Both combine to produce a zygote. Zygote can quickly grow into small sporozoites. From the formation of eggs and sperm to swim spore discharge for the single-phase generation, also known as sexual generation (a kelp life cycle diagram). Female gametophyte generally 1 cells, the formation of mature oocysts, each oocyst an egg, the male gametophyte by a number of cells, each cell to form a mature sperm sac, each sperm to produce a sperm sac . Growth and development of undersea natural reproduction of kelp general across three years, the growth of biennial kelp. Generally 10 to 11 months to produce sori and diffuse nature tour spores. Sporophyte newly formed gradually grew into late spring blade length of up to about 0.5 meters. Summer basically stopped growing. Autumn leaf tip formed sori. To the first three years in the spring, leaves accelerate the growth rate, apparent boundaries between newborn and old leaves. June and July frond up to 3 to 4 meters. When the summer, frond tip off. Fall water temperature drops, the leaves produce a comprehensive Sori, 10 to 11 months in a large diffuse tour spores, then quickly leaves senescence death. Raft cultivation of seaweed due to environmental conditions, particularly changes in light conditions, generally only across the two years of annual growth of kelp. New growth of young sporophytes autumn, during the following year, the growth rate reached a peak in March and April, generally up to a length of 2 to 3 meters. May and June blade tip produces sori, naturally diffuse tour spores. In the fall when the water temperature in northern China dropped to below 21 ℃, leaves that produce large sori. After a large number of 10 to 11 months between diffuse tour spores, rapid aging of death. According to morphological and physiological characteristics, spore body can be divided into the following growth period (Figure 2 kelp different growth stages of the external morphology): ① young period. Generally from the spore formation to 5 to 10 centimeters. Smooth thin leaves of this period, no bump, no longitudinal groove, brown. Under natural conditions, growth and spore-forming body 1 to 2 cm below the spore body needs a strong light; over 1 to 2 cm, growth requires light intensity waning. ② bump period. Commonly known as small kelp period. When spore body length reaches 5 to 10 cm or more, with a portion of the epidermis due meristem uneven division rate, leaf base square bump appears. This period length slower growth rate. Degree in strong light or poor water quality conditions and to be able to increase the bump bump prolongation. ③ crisp period. Commonly known as thin and tender period. Kelp grows to about one meter, increasing leaf thickness, leaf base into a flat, pleated reduce the degree of edge waves, and leaves the original convex part due to the growth of algae gradually toward the tip. The fastest growing blade length of this period, the optimum growth temperature 5 ~ 10 ℃, the average daily growth of up to 3 cm or more. More algae need nitrogen, the nitrogen content of seawater required to achieve 50 mg /