idiom > distinguished service in war
Contents
Contribution
　　Explanation: Khan MA: Mercedes-Benz soldiers riding horses sweat, toil expedition analogy. Refers to the establishment of military exploits on the battlefield. Now refers to the contribution of hard work.
　　Usage: Partial official; as object; with compliment, describing military exploits
　　Source: Han Fei, "Han Feizi": "abandoning private matter, while the horse will sweat labor, family hardships, of the Front, the poor and carry on."
　　Examples: ~ When will I forget the prime minister, banished to live free in Jinan government. (Yuan Wang Shih-fu, "Li Tang Chun" The fourth fold)
No. 2
　　That merit. Yuan Anonymous "make Kuai Tong" fourth act: "because a large contribution, do Pingyang 10 000 Hou closure." "Awaken the common saying Cairui Hong insults and revenge": "A recipient of a contribution at the head, can not make it without issue." Wu Han, "the emperor Biography "Chapter 2:" They not only contribution but also with political status. "
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No. 3
　　Refers to the credit. Yan Guopei "Bashan on" Chapter 2: "I am under many years of contribution to Huang Jiali, live frugally saved by a few hard-earned money, buy some land expansion also other people's eyes Yeah!" See "Khan horse labor."
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No. 4
　　汗马功劳 ( hàn mǎ gōng láo )
　　解 释 指在战场上建立战功。现指辛勤工作做出的贡献。
　　出 处 《韩非子·五蠹》：“弃私家之事，而必汗马之劳。”
　　用 法 偏正式；作宾语；含褒义，形容战功
　　示 例 将俺丞相～一旦忘了，贬在济南府闲住。（元·王实甫《丽堂春》第四折）。晋剧《打金枝》第二场：“父王的江山，是他郭家父子南征北战，东荡西杀，十大汗马功劳争来的。”
　　近义词 丰功伟绩、劳苦功高
　　反义词 一事无成
　　典 故
　　古时作战多用马。战马疾驰疆场，冲锋陷阵，每战都要出很多汗。战斗次数越多，战况越激烈，出汗当然也越多。因此，形容有战功，就叫“汗马”。
　　《韩非子·五蠹》就有“汗马之劳”的说法。《战国策·魏策》也有：“张仪说楚曰：‘不费汗马之劳，不费十日。而拒扞关’。”（扞，扞关，地名。）
　　《史记·晋世家》叙述春秋时晋文公的一段故事时，也说过“汗马之劳”的话。晋文公，名重耳，是晋献公的儿子，所以又称公子重耳。他曾流亡国外达十九年之久，后来回国做了国君，而且称霸一时。当他回国之初，即位为晋文公时，对于随从他流亡的人员，一一论功行赏。有个小臣名叫介之推，没有提出自己有什么功劳，也不求赏赐，躲到深山里隐居起来了。另一个小臣名叫壶叙，见三次行赏都没有他的份儿，便对晋文公说：“君行三赏，赏不及臣，敢请罪！”晋文公当即把行赏的标准向他说明：“夫导我以仁义，防我以德惠，此受上赏；辅我以行，卒以成立，此受次赏；矢石（箭矢炮石）之难，汗马之劳，此复受次赏；若以力事我而无补我缺者，此复受次赏。三赏之后，故且及子。”
　　《史记·萧相国世家》和《汉书·萧何传》也有一段有关“汗马之劳”的故事。萧何是汉高祖刘邦的同乡，刘邦起兵反秦，萧何始终帮着他，筹谋划策，忠心耿耿，是刘邦最可靠的得力助手。秦亡以后，刘邦又打败了项羽，建立汉朝，做了皇帝，萧何便担任相国。刘邦认为论功劳应以萧何为第一，所以首先封他为“酂侯”（酂，县名，今湖北光化县），食邑八千户。但是其余功臣多不服，他们说：“我们拼死拼命，多的经过百余战，少的也打过几十仗，而萧何未有汗马之劳，只会耍笔杆、发议论，根本没上过战场，封赏反在我们之上，这是什么道理？”刘邦问道：“你们知道打猎的事吗？”大家同声回答：“知道。”再问道：“那么你们知道猎狗吗？”又是同声回答：“知道。”刘邦于是接着说：“打猎的时候，追杀野兽的是狗，而指示野兽的住处、去向，让狗去追杀的，却是人（‘夫猎，追杀兽兔者狗也，发踪指示者人也’）。你们只会追杀，不过是‘功狗’而已，至于萧何，能‘发踪指示’，他才是‘功人’。而且你们多数是单身跟随我，有同族两三人一起入伍的就算难得了，可是萧何，他叫全家族的几十个男子都参加了我们的军队，跟着我一同出力。他的大功劳是怎么也不能忘记的！”大家听了，便谁也不吭气了。
　　“汗马之劳”，现在一般都说作“汗马功劳”，形容辛辛苦苦立下的功劳，已不限于军事方面。
　　“发踪指示”，也成为一句成语，比喻指挥冲击。
成语词典
　　成语名称 汗马功劳 汉语拼音 hàn mǎ gōng láo 成语释义 汗马：将士骑的马奔驰出汗，比喻征战劳苦。指在战场上建立战功。现指辛勤工作做出的贡献。 成语出处 《韩非子·五蠹》：“弃私家之事，而必汗马之劳。” 使用例句 将俺丞相汗马功劳一旦忘了，贬在济南府闲住。
　　★元·王实甫《丽堂春》第四折
English Expression
  1. n.:  distinguished service in war
French Expression
  1. n.  exploits accomplis au champ de bataille, actions d'éclat
Thesaurus
Does not reward the successful, Peerless The power, brilliant exploits, outstanding service, scholarly honour or official rank in feudal China peerless, Power standard legacy, with toilsome service and with distinctive merits, meritorious works; boundless beneficence, Vertical Bamboo and Silk Company, brilliant light gate and courtyard, Power cap scope of operation
Antonym
East wind Malta, go in one ear and out the other like the east wind blowing the ear of a horse, unpardonably wicked, look on coldly, wormwood, a great crime (so great as to fill the universe), turn deaf ear to, Heart like a stone, abide in sin, Bad long-Ying Guan, Wuguanhuoying, a lance Nevertheless to stop, Pale and tire, Heinous crimes, towering crimes, go against one&rsquo, No one percent per, Article accomplish nothing, catch, did not know sb. before, have never met before, even death cannot atone for the offense, flagrance, be sinful, Impeccable sin, crime monstrous, be guilty of crimes for which even death can't atone, Consistent offense fill, Kuaxiazhiru, Crotch Po V, See meaning proof, a heart of steel, watch a fire from the safe haven of immunity, be haunted
Containing Phrases
Distinguished service in war Once Lose