Mao
Contents
《Mao》
Poet: Ren Xiyi

  三百诗删麟笔前,周家积累瓞锦锦。
  须知正始基王化,只在关雎第一篇。
No. 2
  According to legend, the early Western Han Heng Mao Mao Chang to create a commentary, "The Book of Songs," meaning the school, School A surrogate is a classical spread in the community and the Eastern Han Zheng Xuan by scientists who have "gross mass" as "笺" ◇ Three Poems Folktales, Tang Dynasty generation, "Biography of Mao" and "ZHENG" became the official recognition of the "Book of Songs," based on comments by later generations respected. "Mao" has now become a "Book of Songs" on behalf of the said.
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No. 3
  Term of the present of the "Book of Songs." According to legend, the Chinese beginners, and Mao Mao Heng Chang preaching. School for allegedly disciple Zi Xia Confucius. "Han Dynasty History" was recorded in the "Mao" 29 volumes, "it Xun Mao," 30 volumes, it said. "Mao" is not established in the Han school officials, for which the classical school. Eastern Han Dynasty, the famous scholar Cheng Chung, Jia Kui, Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan h ave governance "Mao." Zheng Xuan as "s Work." Wei later, New Text Qi, Lu and Han three "poetry" becoming scattered or no transmission by death, the only "Mao" is predominant. Tang Dynasty Standard Interpretation be "five by justice", in "Poetry" take the hair mass and ZHENG, the case is still more later. Song Dynasty, before there is some doubt as Wei Tuo for Zi Xia said. Confucianism in Qing government "Mao" by many, to Chen Huan, "Mao Poetry Commentaries" Preparation for the exact details.
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No. 4
  【词语】:毛诗
  【注音】:máo shī
  【释义】:西汉时鲁国毛亨和赵国毛苌所辑和注的古文《诗》,也就是现在流行于世的《诗经》。《毛诗》每一篇下都有小序,以介绍本篇内容、意旨等。而全书第一篇《关雎》下,除有小序外,另有一篇总序,称为《诗大序》,是古代诗论的第一篇专著。东汉经学家郑玄曾为《毛传》作“笺”,至唐代孔颖达作《毛诗正义》。
  汉人传诗的加之毛诗本有四家,称为四家诗。后三家即鲁诗(申培公所传)、齐诗(辕固生所传)、韩诗(韩婴所传)。此三家又被称为三家诗,皆采用今文,在东汉被立于学馆,研究此一学的被称为今文经学。但是毛诗后起,逐渐取代三家地位,三家诗逐渐失传。因《毛诗》采用古文,研究此学的被称为古文经学。至唐代,《毛传》和《郑笺》成为官方承认的《诗经》注释依据,受到后世推崇。
  毛诗是春秋时期鲁国人毛亨学派的《诗经》。汉代《诗经》学分为四家,有《齐诗》、《鲁诗》、《韩诗》、《毛诗》四家的称谓。毛亨独传于世,今《十三经》中之《诗经》即《毛诗》。
  《诗经》是目前通用的称呼,在先秦古书中,仅称之《诗》或《诗三百》,据传由于孔子曾删定三千篇《诗经》成三百篇,所以称之《诗三百》,成了儒家的经典之一。秦始皇焚书坑儒,古籍遭劫,《诗经》至汉朝复兴。汉朝将《诗经》列于学官,多以《鲁诗》、《毛诗》称呼,到了宋、元之后,《诗经》这一名称才确定下来,沿用至今。鲁人申培《鲁诗》亡于西晋,齐人辕固《齐诗》亡于曹魏,燕人韩婴《韩诗》亡于北宋。今独《毛诗》传于世。
  《毛诗正义》
  《诗经》研究著作简称《孔疏》,40卷。唐贞观十六年 (642)孔颖达(574~648)等奉唐太宗诏命所作《五经正义》之一,为当时由政府颁布的官书。孔颖达,字仲达,冀州衡水(今属河北)人。历任国子博士、司业、祭酒等职。其时撰《五经正义》,孔颖达以年辈在先,名位独重,受命主持其事,诸儒分治一经,《毛诗正义》出于王德韶、齐威等人之手,而孔颖达总其成。《毛诗正义》是对于《毛传》及《郑笺》的疏解,“传”“笺”被称为“注”,“正义”被称为“疏”,合称《毛诗注疏》《四库全书总目》说:“其书以刘焯《毛诗义疏》、刘炫《毛诗述义》为稿本,故能融贯群言,包罗古义,终唐之世,人无异词”说明此书内容取材之广和在唐代影响之大。其中包括了汉魏时期学者对《诗经》的各种解释,汇集了两晋南北朝学者研究《诗经》的成果,有的地方并能提出一些新的看法,如对于《史记·孔子世家》所载孔子删《诗》之说表示怀疑等,但其书遵循“疏不破注”的原则,未能越出《毛传》、《郑笺》的范围,对二者的分歧也不敢加以判断,因而不可避免地承袭了《毛传》、《郑笺》的某些错误;在疏解方面此书颇多烦言赘语,这是唐人义疏的共同缺点。
  《毛诗正义》通行的有《十三经注疏》本,以阮元所刻为佳,书后附阮元的《毛诗校勘记》。
  [南宋初年复本《毛诗正义》]如图
Related Phrases
literaturethe study of the (Chinese) national classicsthe Book of Odes
poetics