A deer. Summer hair chestnut red, back, white, seemed to plum; winter hair was brown, white is not obvious. Bucks Horn said the new-born deer, can be used as medicine.
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哺乳纲，偶蹄目，鹿科
MAMMALIA, Artiodactyla, Cervidae. Size medium. Summer hair reddish brown, with white, like plum-like, hence the name; winter tobacco brown, white spots less obvious. Of alertness. Bucks angular, new angle called "velvet" for the precious drugs. China is widely distributed at the national level to protect animals.
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Deer
Scientific name: cervus nippon temminck English name: sika deer Chinese Alias: Hua Lu, Lu. Category: Artiodactyla, Cervidae, deer are
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Shape features
Medium-sized deer, body length 125-145 cm, tail length 12-13 cm, weight 70-100 kg. Head slightly rounded, face a long, bare nose, large round eyes, infraorbital gland was crack-like, nest was tear, long and erect ears. Neck length. Limbs slender, narrow, pointed hooves main, side foot small. Tail short. Mao: The coat color is changed with the seasons, summer, yellow or brown body hair, chestnut red, no villi, on both sides of the spine and the lower edge side of the body there are many orderly arranged inlaid with white spots, the shape of plum blossom, hence the name. Body hair was brown smoke in winter, white is not obvious, and the color of dry grass similar. Grayish brown neck and ears, a black dorsal line from the tip, through to the end of the base, white belly, buttocks have white patches, surrounded by a black terry. Tail on the back was black, belly is white. Angle: Females hornless, male beast's head with a pair of magnificent real angle, the angle of a total of four branches of a tree, eyebrows and trunk branched into a obtuse angle, stretched forward in the near base, sub-branches of a tree and the branches of a tree from the more eyebrow large, high position, is often mistakenly think there is no sub-branches of a tree, the trunk again at its end into two twigs. General to both sides of the curved trunk, slightly semi-circular, eyebrow fork over Hengbao forward, bending slightly sharp angle, very sharp.
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Distribution
Specialty deer species in eastern Asia, eastern Russia in foreign Jianyu, Japan and Korea, the last widely distributed throughout China, but now only survive in Jilin Province, southern Anhui, northern Jiangxi, Zhejiang and west, Sichuan, Guangxi, a limited number of areas . Taiwan also has a unique subspecies distribution.
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Environment
Deer living in forest edge and mountain grassland areas.
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Habits
Sika twilight activity, changes in living areas change with the seasons, spring and more in the semi-shady, feed oak, chestnut, lespedeza, wild hawthorn, Burnet and other tender trees and shrubs, foliage and herbs just germinated. Slope summer and autumn the forest edge zone moved to the main feed vines and herbs, such as kudzu, fleece-flower root, Changium, strawberries, winter, warm sunny like, feed the mature fruit, seeds and a variety of moss lichen plants, sometimes to the foot of the mountain feed rapeseed, wheat and other crops, but also often to lick salt saline. Choice during the day in the sunny hillsides, dense thatch depth, body color similar to the local habitat, the habitat of the night on a hillside in the middle or upper slope variable, but still sunny slopes as more habitat is relatively low local grass dwarf scarce. Temperament alert, agile, and hearing, are very well developed sense of smell, visual weaker, timid and easily frightened. As limbs slender, narrow and pointed shoes, and therefore running quickly, jumping ability is very strong, You Qishan long steep climb, then jump continuous span, speed, light and agile.
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Growth and reproduction
Most of the time in groups, group size with the seasons, the impact of natural enemies and human factors changes, usually only 3-5, for a long time up to 20 only. In the spring and summer, the group is mainly composed of females and their young, male beast many separate activities, mating the normalized group. 8 10 each month of mating, females in heat when a characteristic of the courtship call, about a month or so to continue, while the male beast are courting the same issue as the old Mianyang, "baa" sounds. Male beast around the old horn off in mid-April each year, renewable grow new angle. New skin to crisp, no ossification, the outside covered with a layer of brown velvet-like skin, skin with blood vessels in the clouds, and this is the famous velvet. Then collected and dried if not, continue to grow to 8 months later, the bone of a deer antler gradually, gradually shedding the skin dried out, the antlers become hard and smooth, until the spring of next year, antlers fall off again, re-Length the velvet. Different stages of antler growth, morphological changes also occurred. Velvet wild deer and took off without sawing off the bone angle is called "dry Chazi" or off "clear sticks," while keeping the deer after sawing off the residue dried bone angle is called "off the face plate" or " off the plate. " Angle based on the faceplate off there after the solidification of the blood, known as "tiger eye." After the dried bud tissue ingrowth from the surrounding cortex, and the blood of the middle crust of the bowl together form a slightly concave, known as "light bowl child." Since then, the angle of the base above the meristem by the Velvet Antler formation of the rapid growth of buds, pink, initially referred to as "pull piles", growth to 1.5-2 cm referred to as "grinding umbilical child", and then after 10 days, and when the upward growth of 3-4 cm is called "eggplant package." Called "Big Ting" velvet trunk branches meristematic eyebrow, the shape is like a saddle, called the "small saddle", when the trunk grows to higher than when the eyebrow sticks called "big saddle" and then continue upward growth to a certain Height is also known as "small two bars", when the trunk 6-7 cm higher than the eyebrows shoot, its shape looks like the cucumber, it is also known as "melon corners." 2 lateral trunk early birth is called "mouth three branches of a tree", 2 lateral branch of the medium-term birth is called "big mouth three branches of a tree," to the lateral branch meristem before 3 shows the trunk in shape, eyebrow sticks and 2 collateral, a total of three branches of a tree, so called "three branches of a tree." To 3 after lateral meristem is called the "four branches of a tree." It is generally believed that most branches of a tree growing to 4-5, but there are also "spend less than five" argument. Angle of the juvenile bone is called "Mao bars," the three branches of a tree after peeling or four branches of a tree branch clearance known as "Qing branches of a tree" or "clear four branches of a tree." Economic value
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Population Status
Capture the history of over-hunting, very few wild for captive breeding population has now reached hundreds of thousands.
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Level of protection
National level to protect animals. China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals: Endangered
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Deer
Scientific name: Cervus nippon Temminck English name: Sika Deer Category: Artiodactyla, Cervidae, the deer are. 】 【Latin name: Cervus nippon 【Common name】: Hua Lu, Lu, Ha 【Product Name】: antler, deer 【】 Key state-level protection of animals: a 【The World Conservation Union (IUCN)】: Endangered Grade】 【Endangered: Endangered 【Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)】: not included 【Ecological environment: forest, forest steppe, steppe 】 【To risk factors: a pharmaceutical composition to be hunted, because trade is hunting is hunting for food, over-hunting, habitat destruction, population isolation, interspecific competition, natural enemies of animals 】 【Protection measures: Limit hunting 【Domestic Distribution】: Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi Overseas Distribution】 【: None