Scientific name: nippon English name: crested ibis Alias: Toki Japanese limelight flamingo ibis ibis ibis Zhu face Crane
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Position Classification
Ciconiformes ciconiiformes Ibis Division threskiornithidae Crested Ibis is nipponia
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Endangerment
cites endangerment: Endangered (e) iucn endangerment: cites appendix i National protection: a China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals Endangered rating: Endangered
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Description
Rare crested ibis is rare, in the past there have been more widely distributed in eastern China, Japan, Russia, North Korea and other places, due to the deterioration of the environment and other factors led to a sharp decline in population, 70 years of this century, the field is no longer a trace. After years of study of ornithologists, in May 1981 rediscovered crested ibis population, but also the world's remaining population in Yang County, Shaanxi Province. Thereafter for crested ibis protection and scientific research done a lot of work, and achieved remarkable results. Especially in terms of captive breeding, artificial hatching success in 1989 for the first time in the world, since 1992, has been able to successfully chicks survived. To 1995, China's wild crested ibis population of about 35, there are 25 breeding populations, in order to save this rare hope. Also known as the crested ibis ibis, the world's an extremely rare bird, known as the "Oriental gem," said the bird was listed as the world's association "international protection of birds." It has been widely past life in our country, Korea, Japan and the former Soviet Far East. Now long extinct in other countries, Japan only cage reared three, our crested ibis is also missing for over 20 years. Until 1981, people in Yang County, Shaanxi Province Yao ditch rediscovered seven crested ibis, then had shocked the world. After careful protection, the number is increasing. Crested Ibis long beak, Coronet, red cheeks, covered with white feathers in red folder, sagging neck draped long willow-type feathers, body length of about 80 cm. It usually perched on tall trees, when foraging flew paddy fields, marshes and mountain streams Department to capture locusts, frogs, fish, snails and loach living. Crested Ibis many predators, crows and blue ferret often destroy the nest egg to fight, hurt chicks, so choose its nest area is very strict. Crested Ibis is generally one side hatchery brood, while expanding reinforcement nest. It spawning in May, three or four each spawning, the male and female take turns incubating the crested ibis. About a month or so, the chicks hatched, the parents still care shifts, common feeding. Xiao Zhu ibis wings gradually plump month later, began to learn flying skills, and soon will be able to go out alone in search of food Shape characteristics: Medium size (55 cm) partial pink ibis. Face red, long, recurved mouth, the mouth end of the red, long neck decorated with feathers, white or gray (breeding season), legs crimson. Juvenile birds gray, some adult birds remain gray. Summer darker gray, decorative feathers longer. When the flight feathers below red. Iris - yellow; mouth - black and red end; foot - crimson. Cry: gruff grunt. Crested Ibis is a medium-sized waders, body length 67-69 cm, weight 1.4-1.9 kg, body beautiful and elegant, dignified and generous action, very beautiful. With other classes, only its head is bare cheek, was scarlet, the iris is orange-red, black and slender mouth curved downward after the occipital also grows from a few dozen root composed of thick long feathers willow-shaped crest, loose on the neck. Legs not too long, the lower tibia bare, color is scarlet. One feather white as snow, part of the side of the two wings and round tail but brilliant scarlet shining, look elegant and beautiful. Since Zhu docile, Chinese folk regarded it as a symbol of good luck, known as the "lucky bird." Habits: Crested Ibis live in temperate mountain forests and hilly areas, mostly near rice fields, flood, ponds, streams and swamps and other wetlands. Eccentric temperament and quiet, timid afraid of people, usually in pairs or small groups. Crested ibis habitat conditions require higher with tall trees just like in available habitat and nesting, there are nearby paddy fields, marshes available for food, predators and relatively few quiet living environment. Night on the tree overnight, during the day there is no application had to fertilizers, pesticides on rice fields, mud or land, as well as other environmental clean streams go foraging. The main foods are carp, catfish, eels and other fish, frogs, tadpoles, salamanders and other amphibians, crabs, shrimp and other crustaceans, shellfish, snails, snails and other molluscs, annelids, such as earthworms, crickets, mole crickets, locusts, beetles, aquatic insects and insect larvae, and sometimes also eat some celery, rice, red beans, grains, seeds, leaves and other plant foods. They foraging in shallow water or mud, it was always the long, curved mouth constantly _insert_ mud and water to explore, once found food, pecking and eat immediately. At rest, the proboscis is _insert_ed back feathers, let's head crest fluttering in the breeze, very chic and moving. When flying head stretched forward, feet stretched back flutter slow and powerful. When the ground walking, walking light, slow, look Elegant and reserved. Their chirping sound very much like a crow, except for the occasional tweet takeoff, but rarely tweet. Spring is the crested ibis breeding season, when adult males and females form a spouse, leaving the wintering population composed of cork oak trees scattered trees and other tall trees to nest and lay eggs. Then it will continue to peck mouth secreted from the muscles of the neck out of a gray pigment, applied to the feathers, making it the head, neck, upper back and two wings and so become gray and black . Its nest like a disc, is very simple, diameter 73 cm, diameter 53 cm, depth 8 cm, height of 5-20 meters from the ground. Frame into a nest of twigs, corn stalks inside the pad, ferns, fine rattan, grass and roots, and sometimes also use the old nest. Each nest eggs 2-4 egg size is approximately 65 × 45 mm, egg weighs about 70 grams, the surface is blue-gray or pale green, with dark brown spots above. The male and female take turns incubating, hatching takes about 28 days. Birds often turn eggs during incubation, dry eggs, nest management, etc., when the hatchery song with shrink disc up the neck or the head, and sometimes stood up to stretch its wings, or shake the body. But often only one nest the birds, and the other does not hatchery birds are not only protecting the nest in the nest at night then go to the other tree habitat. Nestling late into nature, just hatched upper body is light gray feathers have lower body is white feathers, feet are orange-red. After hatching from the parent birds take turns mouth spit out half-digested food feeding, impatient chicks who are scrambling to put long-beaked birds into his mouth, the birds are hard to shake the neck, spit it out as soon as possible to make food. In the early brood of birds nest in the number of daily returns of 7-9 times, with the rapid growth of chicks and increased demand for food, later increased to 14-15 times a day. Food and feed the chicks but also to help clean up the droppings, the method is ran off the end of the twig nest, to go below the stool leakage, broken or stained with fecal matter Diao bedding to the outside of the nest, and then to the new nest Diao timber and bedding material to supplement. Nestling under the careful nurturing parent birds grow quickly, after 60 days will be able to follow the birds fly freely. Sexual maturity at the age of about 3 years old, a record for the longest life expectancy of 17 years. Rare crested ibis is rare, in the past there have been more widely distributed in eastern China, Japan, Russia, North Korea and other places, due to the deterioration of the environment and other factors led to a sharp decline in population, 70 years of this century, the field is no longer a trace. After years of study of ornithologists, in May 1981 rediscovered crested ibis population, but also the world's remaining population in Yang County, Shaanxi Province. Thereafter for crested ibis protection and scientific research done a lot of work, and achieved remarkable results. Especially in terms of captive breeding, artificial hatching success in 1989 for the first time in the world, since 1992, has been able to successfully chicks survived. To 1995, China's wild crested ibis population of about 35, there are 25 breeding populations, in order to save this rare hope.
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No. 6
Professor Zhu Huan, male, formerly known as CW Chu, CPC member, Han nationality, January 12, 1926 Born in Liaoning Wafangdian. After the city's fort Township Elementary and Antarctic Wang Tun Tun upper primary school, and into the complex chow cram school. 1941 admitted Shenyang Fengtian second national key high school high. The winter of 1946 into the National College of Changchun University Department of Foreign Languages Russian professional learning. In late April 1948, Changchun Institute study into nine months. August 1948 into Northeastern University (Northeast Normal predecessor), learning history, taught there in September 1951, November 1979 was exceptional promoted to professor. Served as director of the Department, Deputy Head, Head, Institute of History of the World Institute of Classical Civilization and the Ancient World Institute, also served as the Academic Degree Committee, and the Academic Degree Committee, director of the Department of History and other staff. 1986 was named the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, doctoral tutor. Professor Zhu Huan had served the Third Degree Committee of the State historical discipline group members; Former Chinese Philosophy and Social Science Fund "six - five" to "nine - five" world history discipline Jury; National Social Science Fund Board of Education "six - five." to - Jury "eight five" period; Jilin Social Science Fund "six - five" to "eight - five" historical discipline judges and convener; adjunct professor at Jilin University, Xiangtan University adjunct professor and so on. Northeast Normal University is currently honorary professor and doctoral tutor in ancient history and the Chinese world honorary chairman. Professor Zhu Huan committed more than fifty historians _set_, fame, diligent, nearly eight years, he has been active as the history of the world, especially the world of academic disciplines ancient history and made outstanding contributions. In 1962, the editor of New China's first World Ancient History Textbook - "World History - Medieval volumes." In 1994, the second "World History" (six volumes) published, Professor Zhu Huan and Professor Ma Keyao co-chaired the second volume of the series Ancient compilation work. Two books reflect the level of development of different periods of world history subjects, landmark, respectively, to obtain the State Education Commission issued a national liberal arts colleges outstanding teaching award. In 1996, Professor Zhu Huan editor of the "feudal economic forms ASEM Comparative Study" published the book in December 1998 won the second national college scientific research Humanities and Social Award, and in 2001 the Ministry of Education has been assessed national liberal arts graduate teaching. In addition, the editor of "Ancient World" (Jilin People's Publishing House, 1983), "World Elder in ancient history" (Higher Education Press, 1987), "Concise History of Russia" (Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1987), "World of Ancient Medieval History" (Peking University Press, 1990), "A Brief History of the World" (Central Radio and Television University Press published in 1995), "Europa civilization" (Shandong Education Press, 2001) and the dozen writings. Former "Encyclopedia of China? World history" section associate editor of Europe. Recent editor of the "rise of industrial civilization New Vision", together with other comrades joint translation of the Russian school chronicle "PVL" manuscript have to pay the Commercial Press, forthcoming. Editor of the "King Wen Academic Library" also are being published. Translate Russian 斯卡兹 gold "Medieval History" (Volume II), Xie Myanmar Ivanov, "the medieval world history" and works in English literature and the history of more than historical maps. Published "change the Moscow State feudal land system" (containing "historical research" in 1984 the first two), "A Comparative Study of the history of the world I see" (containing "historical research" in 1994 the first one), "How should we Evaluation of Columbus? "(Containing the" World History "1979 Section 2)," Peter and the Kangxi On Foreign Policy "(containing" social science "in 1987 the first three)," On <Ross Code> generate social conditions "( contained "Qiushi Science" 1994 3), "Reflections of civilization with its industrial and commercial relations between modern European history and tradition" (_set_ "History Bulletin" in 2000 the first one), etc. about more than 40 articles. Professor Zhu Huan research direction has two priorities: (1) research on the world history of industrial civilization embryology. In the preface, "Europa civilization," a book, the ancient civilization of mankind is divided into two categories: on land and marine areas of marine civilization civilized river basin. Ancient civilizations of the world's top five, four belong to the river valley civilization, only Crete - Mycenaean civilization belonging to the ocean, some of the subsequent rise of the Greek city-states belong to the sea civilization successor. Marine civilized tradition has been affected to a new route discovery, the Age of Discovery initiative, until the rise of industrial civilization. (2) study of the feudal system in the world is how to generate, as well as in the disintegration of the feudal capitalism mother how to prepare conditions. Professor Zhu Huan particular attention to comparative studies, both with magnificent vision of a comprehensive study of the history of mankind, while for some specific countries, events and personalities case studies. Their results with acuity, deep, quiet candle Exploration features. In order to promote the comparative study, Professor Zhu Huan still nearly three years doing important work - the creation of research centers of civilization in world history, Northeast Normal University; founder of "A Comparative Study of Civilizations" magazine (January 2000 official first issue); presided over the "nine five?" national key project - "A Comparative Study of Asian and European transition from medieval to modern times" and so on. Professor Zhu Huan love education, broad-minded, highly respected, humble and simple and helpful. In almost stick toward the frontier still rise steeply in teaching, trained a large number of senior personnel, students everywhere. Ancient and medieval history has opened the world of Marxism classics Readings, economic history of medieval Europe, the Western historiography, comparative study of the feudal economic forms, Russia ancient history, historical theory lectures, transition studies courses. Undergraduate cultivated countless dollars; began training in March 1978 graduate, to 1994 a total of 35 training graduate students, all to obtain a degree; training doctoral students from 1987 to 2004 until the recruitment and training of doctoral students 27. Most of them have become the backbone of teaching and research, for our history, especially the history of the world-disciplinary construction and development have made outstanding contributions. Professor Zhu Huan outstanding contributions in teaching and research have been made in praise of the state and society. Editor of the "World History - Medieval volumes" and "World History - Ancient compiled under the volume" of the State Education Commission issued a national outstanding teaching award first prize colleges and universities; editor of the "Ancient World" was the first social science excellent Jilin Achievement Award, the country obtained a bright cup of excellent academic work philosophy and social sciences prize; editor of the "foreign history series slide" won the first prize of excellent audio-visual materials issued by the State Board of Education; editor of the "ancient world in ancient history" by the national Board of Education awarded the National College of the second session of outstanding teaching award two prize; editor of the "Europa civilization" won its third Northeast Normal University social science excellent book Grand Prize, obtained a second outstanding achievement award Changchun social science books Third Class; 1992 the State Council issued a "certificate" and "special government allowance"; Tsang Hin-chi Education Foundation for State Board of Education Teacher Award 1993 awarded the second prize of the high-normal universities and Jilin provincial government awarded the "Excellence in Jilin "Medal; 1994 issued by the State Board of Education Educational Radio and Television" excellent speaker teachers "glorious title; 1995 for" outstanding teacher "and the State Board of Education awarded the honorable title of awards, prizes and medals. Under Professor Zhu Huan and others efforts, in December 1988 the World Ancient History, Northeast Normal University, in ancient history was named the national key disciplines disciplines State Board of Education.