Qian (1897 ~ 1986), the esthetician, literary theorist, educator and translator. Meng real pen name, league stone. Anhui Tongcheng people. September 19, 1897 students. Support came from a Marxist reading of the hole city of upper primary classes, admitted to the Tong Cheng Secondary School, after graduating from primary school teaching at North Rural mark. Tong Cheng youth in secondary schools, Wuchang Higher Normal School learning, educated at University of Hong Kong Faculty of Arts. He also invited the famous calligrapher Tong Cheng Fang Shoudui wrote "Constant, Tim, honesty, courage," 4 the word banner, as the motto. May Fourth Movement, he gave up classical, rewritten vernacular. 1921, published a vernacular Guangqian debut, "said Fu Lude implicit sense of psychological analysis," and then issued a "rough behavior of school psychology and its critics", "Evolution Card" and other reading experiences, the initial formation of the scholarship and their view of academic research activities. In 1922, his "how to transform academia", the advocacy training "the spirit of truth and love," "critical spirit of science," "creative spirit" and "positive spirit." These views have affected his long academic career. University of Hong Kong after graduating University in Shanghai Wu Song School of Chinese Ministry of Public School, Zhejiang Shangyu White Horse Lake Chunhui Middle School. In 1924, wrote the first article in aesthetics, "the beauty of silence." Went to Shanghai and tao, Hu Yuzhi, Xia Yan, summer hideaway respect, such as the establishment of Lida Feng Institute, founded Rieter academy, extensive testing of new educational reform, promote education, free and independent. Guangqian mainly write a "literary psychology" "Tragedy Psychology" "On Beauty" "Poetry", "On Literature", "Philosophy of Benedetto Croce," "History of Western Aesthetics," "Proceedings aesthetic criticism," "Letters about the U.S." " Aesthetics Gleaners _set_ ", etc., and translated the" Goethe Conversing, "Plato's" Art Dialogues ", GE Lessing's" Laocoon ", GWF Hegel's" Aesthetics ", B. Crowe Sarkozy's "aesthetics", GB Vico's "new science". Guangqian not only works very lucrative, he is more noble spirit and lofty scholarship academic integrity. He criticized his courage, perseverance in quest of truth: when he realized that under the past system of idealistic aesthetics "is the diameter of the fan in the power of beating about the bush" to start with more advanced guide their study of Marxism, to make their own aesthetic ideological tendency into the truth; he was against aging, rigid, to promote constant progress. To facilitate the study of Marxism-Leninism the original, in his sixtieth year he started learning Russian, but also the occasion of the eighty-old wrote, "On the United States and Letters" and "aesthetic Gleaners _set_," the first modern translation of social scientific work - Vico The "new science" to learn of life near death. Guangqian master English, French, German, for decades, has translated the works of more than 300 million words. Of which 1.1 million words of Hegel he masterpiece "aesthetics" translation, as he won a historic high reputation. He also published translations Aike Man's "Goethe Conversing," Lessing's "Laocoon," Croce's "aesthetic principle", 路易哈拉普 the "art of the social roots" and "Park La Art Dialogues, "and so on. In addition, he carefully studied the system for the Marxist classics "on Feuerbach," "Das Kapital", "Dialectics of Nature," some of the translations of great value proposed amendments. Qian is a patriotic duty to save the country prosperous intellectuals. The long years in old China, although the road has twists and turns, but his pursuit of truth, longing for light, in a complex struggle, identify the direction, to see the trend of historical development. The eve of a crucial moment in the liberation, the lure KMT authorities flatly rejected the threat, resolutely decided to stay in Beijing. Together with the majority of the people he meet in the days of liberation, he excitedly said: "I like the home of the orphans, returned to his mother's embrace, restore their youth." After the liberation, he consistently supported the Chinese Communist Party's leadership, adhering to the socialist road, the party meet sincere, utter devotion. Although he had been treated unfairly, but never wavered in the party and the faith in socialism and the motherland, serve the people's determination. Smashing of the "Gang of Four", he wholeheartedly supported the party since the Third Plenary Session of the line, principles, policies, spirits, healthy and strong, positive translation masterpiece, written presentations, speeches, guiding graduate students, academic research and education in the ride unremitting. March 1983, he was invited to lecture the Chinese University of Hong Kong, started his own identity on the statement: I am not a Communist, but a Marxist. This is his own half after the solemn evaluation. Qian Chinese and Western, erudite. Shenzhan of his own to communicate the aesthetics of western and traditional Chinese aesthetics, communication, aesthetics and idealism of the old Marxist aesthetics, communication and the "May Fourth Movement" in China since the modern aesthetic and contemporary aesthetics. He is an across the ancient and modern history of Chinese aesthetics, communication and foreign "bridge" is the most prestigious contemporary China and has won high international reputation of aesthetics.
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_Set_ slightly past
Guangqian, Tongcheng County. Father, Zhu Hong, a rural private school President, quite knowledgeable. Guangqian juvenile in his father's urging to read private school, 15-year-old city on the upper primary holes (holes in this town in Tongxiang Academy), six months later promoted to Tongcheng School. Tong when he jumped in from the classical text by Chinese teachers, the influence of the opposition Pan quarter of a keen interest in Chinese classical poems. After high school, Wuchang Higher Normal School into a free secondary education. One year after enrollment and obtain delivery of the Northern Government Ministry of Education, Health, University of Hong Kong to the British Office of Education. Republic of China seven years (1918) to the Republic of eleven years (1922), learning the English language and literature, education, biology, psychology and other courses, educational activities and laid his life in the direction of academic activities. Into the University of Hong Kong shortly after the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement China, qian by the "New Youth" magazine article that Hu advocated the vernacular, by the shock, gave up classical and classical, rewritten vernacular, later published in the vernacular aesthetic debut "Silent Beauty" . University of Hong Kong after graduation, the classmate and friend introduced deposited high sense of public schools met Wusong long Dongsun China, and was invited to eleven years in the Republic of China (1922) Secondary school summer to teach English, and the school magazine "Xunkan" editor in chief. Assistant editor was to progress in the face of emerging Yao Mengsheng students (Yao Peng child). In Wusong period, qian yearned for progressive youth are not interested in the partisan struggle, do not ask political, and left Zhenduo, Thoughts from, right CHEN Qi days, Li Huang and others have contacts. China Jiangsu and Zhejiang war Wusong Public School closed, introduced by friends to a summer hideaway Zhejiang Shangyu White Horse Lake respect Chunhui Middle School to teach English, get to know Marina alternate, qing, Feng Zhu friends. Chunhui near Marina alternate school principals less autocratic style of the proposed reforms were not adopted, then resigned from the Senate Officer. Guangqian sympathize with him, left the Springfield school with absolutely living in Shanghai. Respect after the summer hideaway, Zhang Tin Chen, Feng, weeks after another group left the Springfield Middle School, also arrived in Shanghai. Shanghai area with tao, Hu Yuzhi, to the same week, the Buddha Chen, Liu Pak, Xia Yan and so on, established a _set_ of learned, in the Bay Rieter organized an academy. Alternate views by Marina, opened Guangqian drafted purpose put forward the slogan of independence and freedom of education, directed at the Northern Government's authoritarian education. They also organized an open book (China Youth Press, the predecessor) and the "General" magazine (later renamed the "School"). After the academy run from Rieter, qian obtain Anhui government fees in England, the Republic of fourteen years (1925) University of summer into the UK Maiding Fort, elective English literature, philosophy, psychology, ancient history and art history in Europe, the Republic of Ten eight (1929) transferred to the University of London after graduation, while the University of Paris in France, up to speak, President of the University of Paris literature taught Delakuwa "psychology of art" is very interested in, and be inspired to write from the read "literary psychology." Leave the UK after the Rhine into the University of Strasbourg, Goethe's alma mater to complete the "tragedy of psychology." Britain and France to study 8 years, qian has been Master of English Literature and French national doctorate. However, fees are often not made official, financial difficulties, he had to side and lectures, while reading, while writing, by the royalties to support themselves. Has an open book for the "general" and later "students" writing, has compiled a "second letter to the Youth" was published. The book reflected the small young intellectuals in general psychological state, selling the country a significant influence. Since then he and the young become attached to. Then "literary psychology" and its abbreviation of the "talks the United States", translated Croce's "aesthetic principle", summing up his understanding of abnormal psychology, "Abnormal Psychology factions" (open book) and "Abnormal Psychology "(Commercial Press) gradually come out," Poetry "to write the first draft, still under the influence of Bertrand Russell wrote a description of symbolic logic factions of the book (issued to pay the Commercial Press, the War of Resistance were burnt.) These books are tremendously well-refined and informative, reliable, clear and thorough reasoning, offer unique brilliant, renowned academics at home and abroad. Before returning home the same class by the teachers to Friends Xu Shu Jieshao Hu, Dean of Peking University, Peking University Hispanic appointed professor, in addition to teaching Readings in Western history and literary criticism, but also the Chinese Department of Peking University and Tsinghua University to open classes too "literary psychology" and "Poetics" and later in France should be about an old friend of Xu to the Central Institute of the Arts about a year "literary psychology." War broke out, qian be acting president of Sichuan University, Sichuan Zhang Yi literature about any president. Twenty-seven years the Republic of China (1938), in autumn, the KMT Department of the Second Chen Zhang Yi sent a formal process to succeed long Liberating the school in an attempt to implement the party of education. Guangqian institutions in order to maintain the dignity, to defend freedom of education and academic independence, firmly opposed to prone. He presided over the General Assembly, school teachers, called teacher's strike, the teachers have to respond, we generally acclaimed his message and the teacher's strike to protest the drafting of the Declaration. "Easy to long wave," a sensation, but under pressure, ended in compromise: one does not refuse to process Liberating president, while school personnel not allowed to drive Liberating action. This struggle has the support of the Chinese Communist Party, the news reached the Sha Ting and Zhou Yan, Zhou immediately about the letter by qian They turn to visit Yan'an, qian want to reply. Then he went to Chongqing, Chen Li-fu invited to interview, but also to stay in Europe by some of his friends discouraged, then arch and Chen Xi Ying Wang Xing, a few old friends pulled him to teach, Wuhan University, Yan'an trip in vain. Guangqian later years recalled the matter is that the unsuccessful trip to Yenan because of his "revolution did not have the will" is "a painful lesson." Eve of the liberation of Peking, the national government to send special plane take "eminent persons" to Taiwan, Hu topped the list, qian column names third. Professor Yuan Hanqing then the trust by the underground, retaining his familiar "intellectuals" Do not leave Peking. Guangqian resolutely decided to stay. The early stage of the founding of thought reform, he is a key target, subject to a number of education, especially in the Federation of Literary and participate in the CPPCC National Committee (CPPCC has served as the second, third, fourth and fifth members of the Sixth Standing Committee of China Democratic League third, fourth and fifth Central Committee, Quanguowenlian members etc.), often had the opportunity to visit the country, by comparing old and new China, he willingly recognize that socialism can save China. In 1957, the country began 6 years old Grand Aesthetic discussion. Guangqian actively involved in this effect since the original aesthetics of his past "critical" debate, not to conceal or evade his past aesthetic point of view, not easily accept criticism of his view is not correct, objective, he led the people constantly advance and promote the aesthetics generally unprecedented boom. This discussion into a series of articles published in six "aesthetic discussion _set_", qian Debate articles published in other series as "aesthetic criticism Proceedings," published by the author. In 1962, qian invited to teach Aesthetic History of the Central Party School. The same year, liberal arts colleges of liberal arts teaching was decided to gradually Kaishe aesthetics class, and specify the preparation of his materials. 1963, "History of Western Aesthetics" This devoted his years of research, describes a comprehensive system of development of Western aesthetics monograph published by the People's Literature Publishing House, which represents the date of the level of Western aesthetics and promote aesthetic education in our country and research work. "Cultural Revolution", qian thrown into the bullpen, although subjected to unfair treatment, but never wavered in the party and the faith in socialism and the motherland, serve the people's determination. He insisted exercise, always ready to re- New pick up the pen. "Gang of Four" after the fall, he revive the spirit, healthy and strong, positive translation masterpiece, written presentations, has published "Letters about the United States" and "aesthetic Gleaners _set_", also directs the graduate students, academic research and education in the gallop work, achievement Fei Ran. May 1980, China held in Kunming, the first national meeting on aesthetics, he was unanimously elected president of the Chinese Arts Association. March 1983, the Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangqian was invited to speak on "Qian Mu (Qian Mu), Mr. Lectures" at the out_set_ declare their own identity: I am not a Communist, but a Marxist. This is indeed the conclusion of his later life. In the same year, organized by Peking University, taught for the 60th anniversary commemoration Guangqian. The following year, the University awarded him an honorary doctorate. Qian summer of 1984 the work was too tired due to years of suffering from fatigue syndrome, cerebral thrombosis occurred. March 6, 1986, qian in Beijing, died at 89 years old. In the 3 days before his death, his mind a little bit awake, while the family did not prevent, actually struggling along the staircase alone quietly crept upstairs study, family members found anxious to discourage, he softly said, to catch in the death of " new science, "the comment section to complete. Guangqian vision, of Chinese and Western cultures have a high attainments. 700 million words in his essays and translations (from the Complete Works of Anhui Education Press, a total of 20 volumes), the study of Chinese culture in depth, introduced to Western aesthetics and comments, coherent and West, creating his aesthetic theory, teaching and research in the field of aesthetics has made pioneering contributions to literary history and aesthetics in our history have an important position in China after a generation of modern aesthetics following the master Wang Guowei, and enjoys high international Reputation, Japan, Germany, Britain, the Netherlands, France, the United States there are people who study him. He spared no efforts in dying for the Chinese people left a precious cultural as_set_
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Interesting Life
● qian experience "Zhu Shan" Name esthetician Guangqian earlier published "Twelve letters to the youth", was one of the most popular books. Not long after the early 1936, qian in writing "literary psychology" and other monographs while they write a kind of nature, "On Beauty" booklet. Bookstore at the time of publication, the "On Beauty" on the cover note "to the youth of the thirteenth letter" words. After the book was published, was widely welcomed. Soon, Shanghai bookstall will appear on a signature, "Zhu Shan", entitled "To Youth" book. Title close, do not say the name is almost difficult to distinguish the book actually has a subtitle: "Thirteen letters to the young"; and Mr. Zhu Guangqian little book subtitle only a "first" word, drill and looked no different; G-shaped cover design also tracks: the title font, position similar to, and even some straight-line embedded in the middle of some of the stars are the same, so a friend sent this book to Guangqian, even the qian himself thought it was your own work. To be upon closer scrutiny, Mr. Zhu Guangqian even to this "Zhu Shan," wrote a letter. First, he invited Zhu Shan pardon, saying that his book is mistakenly identified as his. Take over, said: "Light Shan President, I do not know you, but your face, the words move, gesture, character, etc., to the point mentioned above on Funny, motivate me a lot of curiosity ... do not know you and write ... to you, it seems that some offensive, please remember that I am one of your readers. If this qualification is not enough, it can only blame you name surname light Shan Zhu, who wrote "letters to the youth of thirteen," the! " Took over, Mr. Zhu Guangqian will write "letters to the youth of the second," back when the situation slightly. That was "childish and stupid ", but in vain Yintan Tan revealed only by young love. Subtext of these words is about to tell who "Zhu Shan," who was "Tan-Tan in vain," "honest" man; otherwise even if temporarily successful, are bound to not be exposed a long time and ended up with a wicked name. The letter of the inscription is also quite mean: "Almost the same name and your surname friends." Can not send the letter, of course, had to "declare" published. ● Guangqian Sanlih motto Mr. Zhu Guangqian is a famous modern aestheticians of himself, and achievements quite good. The motto of his life, a three-_set_, people left a long thought. The first time was in school at the University of Hong Kong Department of Education. His "constant, Tian, honesty, courage," the words as their motto. Constant, is the perseverance, that regardless of doing things, we must persevere, perseverance. Tim, is tranquil, simple, self-denial pragmatic, not the pursuit of material comfort. Honesty, is honest, sincere, open-minded frank, heart like a mirror, do not fool yourselves, not deceptive. Yong, it is the courage, ambition, courage and enterprising spirit. The words not only reflected Mr. Zhu Guangqian focused state of mind in school, and throughout his life. Mr. Zhu Guangqian said: "This is my lifelong abide by the enduring words." The third is 30 years in the 20th century. 6 characters motto "this body, here and now." This body, the body is that above activities should be done and can do, not try to shift to others; At this point, is who should do and can do at this time things, never deferred to future; here, is that above activities in (the status of the environment) should do and can do, not waiting to imagine a better situation. In this article, inspired by the motto, Mr. Zhu Guangqian continue to give their own _set_ new goals, in his more than 80 years old, is still difficult to assume with confidence the Vico "new science" of the translation task. Mr. Zhu Guangqian three times the motto of the legislation, due to different environments, the focus is naturally different. First, the main ambition is to establish the school life; the second time, the focus is an ideal career choice; the third time, after the academic success of their own clear and specific requirements. Sanli motto from Mr. Zhu Guangqian, we see a self-tempering in addition, committed to a view of the image, why should not gain more strength of character and ideas of enlightenment it?
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Editor Career
Chinese modern writers, without any relationship with the press, probably can be said to be unique, not editors, is the author. Many writers have been a newspaper editor, it is through their hands, a major works, from the press into the reader into the historical glory. Master of modern aesthetics Guangqian (1897 ~ 1986) has edited a variety of newspapers, especially before and after the war he was twice editor of the "literary magazine," was the most popular literary journals, twenty thousand copies of each issue are more than marketing, the reader impressed. Qian is the home of a successful newspaper editor in 1948, was praised, said: "Two years in the most solemn manner to support the most dedicated almost exclusively to guide China's literary circles Zhu (light potential) President a man." While these words right a bit too far, but the attitude of its editor in chief in terms of publications, qian is worthy of "the most solemn, most dedicated," the title. Looking qian "literary magazine," the editorial practice, reflect the following characteristics and the arts. 1. The pursuit of individual publications. Personality characteristics of the print to win the reader to occupy the market an important means of publication. Publication no personality, even if short-term survival, is difficult to develop, it is difficult for long. Newspaper editors personality is ultimately the ideal explicit, is to edit the main pursuit of practical work in the freeze of the results. Guangqian the practice of editing in the press, the pursuit of individual style of newspaper editors thought their work has always been firmly throughout. The end of 1935, "Human World" essays out fortnightly to 42 discontinued. Xu pry journal editors in the spring of 1936 and founded the "Heaven, Earth," fortnightly. Founded on the eve of qian Xu pry the two wrote to the "Heaven, Earth," write a little manuscript. Qian wrote "Essays on (an open letter)," warned him not to "Heaven, Earth," accomplishing and "Human World", "cosmic wind" essays similar publications. "" The Human World "and" Cosmic Wind "there are many things I love to read the article, but I think they have done, regardless of their mission, and if one more for the same properties and their publications, I am afraid that success is only icing on the cake, bad can not help but superfluous the. "here reflects a strong personality to pursue new publication design innovation. Qian editor of "literary magazine" in Chuang Kanci "I hope publication", the explicit claim to _set_ up a new publication: "a large and serious literary publications free." He's unique mission is to give publications: it should do as part of the obligation to correct and guide; it should _set_ the national writers do to separately explore the work of everyone being in the free development of personality, is still aware of each other looking at the development of new literature and art share a common goal; it should be recalled that from time to time has occupied the field, give calm and solemn assessment, to see what success and failure lie and make progress to the reference; same time, it should be the new trend for the diffusion of the masses to develop in the reader's fun-loving art and pure enthusiasm. Boring should be worn slick by the hospital with superficial habits of news habits among the provision of a fresh and serious level. Editors forging press to create awareness is the premise of personality. Qian said that newspapers and the art editor with the same token, "I have always believed in the arts, a person has a unique person, if he is not unique, designed to imitate a unique style of others, which do the exercises in the school age, No non-solid, and if it as a serious cause to do, it seems totally unnecessary. "any kind of good things, more people to imitate, the end must be attributed to vulgar abuse. Publication design is an art. Founder of the press in particular literary, cultural press in the process, we must first be Shenke detailed socio-cultural analysis, research, prediction of a plan to organize social and cultural newspapers 接纳 and refusal of the possibility of, just as Zhu Guangqian said, "it should be recognized ills and needs of the Qing era. " Found in the existing gap between the media and weaknesses, and thus break the existing balance of the newspaper market, static state, to re-cultural structure of the periodical adjustment of the layout of the readers to be reallocated. Newspapers charged with the task of leading the trend of the times, whether it has the spirit of creation, to create awareness of the community will have a direct impact. Newspaper editors on the choice of works is bound to the author in a hint of a boot. A newspaper is not creative, can not guide the work of the creative, and can not devote to the people the spirit of creative products. 2. Inclusive, heterogeneous in see the unity. Guangqian the basic attitude of cultural ideological movement germinal free, free discussion. Disseminated by the prevailing cultural ideology, in the press editorial work, he argued that newspapers can not edit accomplishing personal and partisan, partisan tool. Newspaper editors can have their own literary theory, but his literary theory should only be reflected in their creations, and not able to claim his own literary theory choice as the standard publication manuscript. Guangqian firmly opposed to newspaper editors, "the personal information of special interest to advocates, making it the atmosphere filled with I's." He believes that great literature and art has a rich cultural harvest root of thinking to do, to really want to edit the literary and cultural development of helping hand, it might make a lot of different schools at the same time thinking of brewing unrest or even conflict struggle. Ideological struggle of conflict necessary for hair growth stimulant. "While other people's taste and style and our contrary, as long as their sincere and serious, we should still expressed considerable respect." He edited "literary magazine" The ideal is it to make a sizable national publications. "Those who care for publication and is willing to vote to see the good works we are all welcome." Actual situation is indeed the case. In the "literary magazine" published works, in addition to the Beijing School scholars, there are many left-wing writer. Xiao Jun is a well-known left-wing representatives of young writers. His novel "third generation" to be a Guangqian of all ages. Qian in the "literary magazine" Vol 1, 2, "Edit postscript" warm and recommend to the reader: "Xiao Jun" third generation "of recent novels can be a valuable harvest sector deserves special attention." Hu enthusiastic founder "literary magazine", perhaps the idea of revitalizing the Beijing school, but qian editor of the "literary magazine" is not exclusive pastoral Beijing school. Qing and Feng Zhi, such as not part of the Beijing school, and they are "literary magazine" core members. Qian has analyzed "the text as a vehicle," said the shallow and "for art and literature and art" that is not complete, what united front against the talk, he preferred to promote fair trade and gentleman, and stands for adventure and try a lot, so that each with different tastes and styles to observe each other and inspire each other remedy, resulting in fresh currents of thought freedom to wash away our prejudices and habits, and promote the prosperity and development of new literature and art. 3. Both theory and writing. Three to four decades of the 20th century in China, the general literary journals often only re-created, artificially separates the literature and the dialectical relationship between literary criticism, in particular, show a tendency to flout Literary Criticism. Guangqian very clear to see that the art world there is such a newspaper editor deficiencies. Although his literary criticism that comes from the practice of literary creation, but on the literary creation of the dynamic reaction of great and sometimes even a decisive factor in the strong trend of literary development. During his study in the UK, pay attention to several well-known European art through the presentation method of publication. Therefore, he edited "literary magazine" when to draw the European literary theory and creative publications both in the scheduling method. "Literary magazine" in the space allocation, accounting for about three-fifths of writing, essays and book reviews about two fifths of the "literary than popular publications, journal articles and book reviews seem more focused, but that does not is underestimate the importance of creation. paper is not limited to literature, sometimes involving cultural ideology. This allocation in the future may become a feature of the magazine. " Deliberate efforts to increase the theory, intentions are to give readers after publication, "not only to read, but also about, in order." Visible, and Creation both, which he edited "literary magazine" the intention to pursue an edit feature, the king of a "language of the make-up," Guo Shao Yu's "The Song residual Yi's Poetry," Lu Zhi Wei's "On the Rhythm" Zhi Tang's "talk about haiku culture", Qian "Chinese literary criticism inherent in a feature," Zhu Dongrun "saying" Yanei "," regression of the "talk about", etc., a total of eleven. These papers either explicitly or implicitly to highlight the concept of the Beijing School of Art and Literary History. Some papers also caused widespread controversy, expanding the Kyoto School. Qian shi not to edit the home, but he edited the "Literary Magazine" not only introduced a large number of significant works of literary history, but also trained a large number of new literature, and became the literary center in northern China and the headquarters of the Beijing School Scholars. His idea is that the newspaper editors Summary and Conclusion of the practice of editing, a lot of ideas and practices have a strong practical base, still shining with the light of reason and science, we can derive great lessons. As the years no disposition to change, new and his individual point of view there may not seem today, suspected of uncertainty, but this is caused by the limitations of history, we are not demanding on him.
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Learning Spirit
First, the self-dissection, and constantly criticized. Fifties and sixties of the 20th century aesthetic criticism and aesthetics debate, qian anatomical own courage, idealism, aesthetics seriously criticized, in particular, he had been preaching idealism. With excellent success as a professor, he is very valuable to this behavior. After that, he continued to criticize themselves, constantly put forward new ideas and new issues, called Scholars of the model. Second, seek the truth, correct style of study. Guangqian recognized in the past through critical idealism, he was "beating about the bush fan diameter in the force," began to study Marxism-Leninism after the original. In the nearly sixty years of age he began to teach himself Russian, and use a variety of texts (Chinese, German, Russian, French, English) a comparative study made a series of new results. He advocated independent thinking, never others, and in his later years "about the United States Letters" and "aesthetic Gleaners _set_" is a concrete manifestation of the spirit of his scholarship. Third, the "three of this doctrine," dedication. Qian believe in "three to this doctrine," that this body, here and now: "This body should do and can do, you have to take on this body, does not impute to others." "At this point should do and can do, you have to do at this time, no delay to the future." "Here (my place, my environment) should do and can do, you have to do here, do not impute to the status of the imagination to do another. "This is qian no-nonsense, focused now, down to earth's academic spirit.
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Talks about life
Everyone can not help but have an ideal, or for food and clothing, or for fame, or knowledge, or virtue, or for Utility, or for wine, women, or for running dog fighting cocks, the so-called "general from those for adults, from their bodies were as villains. " Is this what were the standards? Philosophers have recognized: the highest purpose of life is happiness. What is the real happiness? For this problem each have their own opinions. Integrated Studies may be regarded as virtue happiness, hearty warm clothes can also be seen as happiness, Who is wrong? Our point of view from the people, who were the reason the noble beast is in his soul. If you want to show people his full humanity, to enrich his spiritual life. Happiness is a pleasure. Enjoyment or as a body, or mind. People both physically, that is not without physical enjoyment. If we do not have to hold the heartless Puritan asceticism, but we also have to understand: the enjoyment of the flesh is not the best on the enjoyment of human, but human and chicken are common dolphin Gouzhi. Enjoy the most is the human soul on the enjoyment. What is the soul to enjoy it? Three values is good and the beautiful. Knowledge, art, morals are all the activities of the mind, people in these areas if the highest state, while the state will achieve the most happiness. A person's life is rich, that is without value, depends on his spiritual life of the mind or the size of the efforts and achievements. If Zhigu eat warm food and clothing and for good and the beautiful are not interested, he would become a zombie out. Zhefan no deep sense of the text of Austrian Italy, but it seems very Yu Kuo said. Body and Soul was originally an ancient conflict is not easy to chemical control of the conflict. Many people were taken into meat and then forget the spirit, the phase study was rampant, and spiritual life has been regarded as bizarre ridiculous thing. Especially in the comfort of modern materials were confused by this concept, we compete to worship the God of Wealth, Wealth also enveloped everything. At the end, I hope all our young people to determine their life's mission as soon as possible, to seek their own life work.
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And Hegel
In China, Zhu Guangqian Hegel can be said to introduce the first results of its research with one of the scholars. From July 1929 to write "The basic principle of Hegel's philosophy" to the late 20th century, 70 translated Hegel "aesthetics", after over half a century. He himself said on many occasions: although the voluminous writings of Western aesthetics, but the real impact of a deeper scientific value and only Aristotle (Poetics) and Hegel (aesthetics). System logical view of aesthetics Guangqian evolution of life trajectory, and Hegel's philosophy has a very deep relationship. From the early aesthetic, qian on the one hand accepted the Hegelian "one of the original doctrine" instead of "two of the original doctrine" point of view; the other hand, think that rationalism philosophy Void mysterious, after all, a far cry from beauty and reality. So he accepted Croce was popular in the West Intuition, so inevitably produced Zhu Guangqian system contradiction: that the only theory can not stand Hegel Croce then the conflict between emotional intuition. War period (mid-term), the discussion in the Feng Feng and the "New Science" debate process, Zhu gradually feel their metaphysical aesthetics (philosophy) and the rift between art, which prompted him to send further philosophical idealism of Croce and . He found idealism sent to break the "dualism" after all attempts failed. But in the course of the study show that both the defects found in Croce; also see Hegel dispel the "dualism" is not complete. Hegel thus he began "thinking with the same" spirit of the proposition to fix the performance of Clinton, said that "thought and language is the same," the subjective and objective unity of proposition. However, where the "language" of objectivity is still under the unifying thought, as Hegel's "existence" was thinking the same unifying. In fact, the United States at this time Guangqian is "objective and subjective unity" proposition than his earlier, "the United States are neither in matter nor mind," the unity of subjective and objective idealism proposition more thoroughly ridiculed the position tilt. He himself is struggling to jump not open "binary" and "one dollar" is not complete the cycle "cycle." After the founding of New China, Mr. Zhu in the re-examine Hegel, to study the process of Marxism, found that in addition to the general epistemology of Hegel's philosophy, there are practical point of view of the bud, is precisely what it stood by Marx the position of dialectical materialism to be modified on the philosophy and aesthetics of the "radical" change. Accepted the practice of qian's point of view, the problem of subjective and objective aesthetic practice is essentially a grasp of the dialectical process. This digestion in the true sense of the metaphysical and aesthetic of his early years, the contradiction between art and the opposition. In short, clean-up the development of Hegel and the relationship between aesthetics qian, qian both deepen our understanding of beauty is "objective and subjective unity" proposition rich understanding of the content; same time to promote our philosophy of Hegel stretch are inclusive and A sober judge.
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Chu Quotations
Too much ambition, ideals too, welcome the fact that not on the head, the result is naturally disappointed with boredom; ambition is too small, procrastination, numbness, depression, he will regard the results fall. Some high and achievement is extraordinary talents, they do not like to make large capital and big business, while others are not specific talents and achievements are striking handsome, they like to take a small capital and big business. The difference between this effort and work hard in the. Entertainment is entertainment, no entertainment of course, is depressed. People who like the entertainment world, no matter how different their hobbies, have one thing in common is that they have a strong prosperous vitality. Right way is not necessarily a flat straight roads Tan, it is inevitable that some twists and turns and the rugged, dangerous, certain to be around the corner, or even inevitably go astray. Asked the mind question the moral grounds rather than moral, so the emotional sense of life is better than life. China's problems, not all because of system problems, more than half because of bad people. Slowly, enjoy ah! Imperfection is beauty. Who have born the spirit of the WTO can do business. This world is just a thick seamless web of interests, most people can not escape this trap, so turn around, still tied by two characters of interest. Surface of the stakeholders, who have been most co-ordination is not easy, and everyone gives to their first place, fraud, abuse, steal all the sins of all kinds of roots here. I like the home of the orphans, returned to the mother's arms, restored youth.
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Writing theory contribution
Qian is a famous esthetician, but in writing theory research, qian also successes. Although his proposed theory of writing are scattered in other aesthetic works, do not form a thematic and systematic theory of writing monographs. But their views are indeed insights for the enrichment and development of writing theory to make a contribution. Such as: "a very simple article can be valued is the virtue of"; "practicality and artistry are not mutually exclusive but complementary. Practicability of the article is also required to produce beauty, not only as a house but also to be able to live in the same style appearance. ";" I believe that reasoning the text if you want to write, it is still moving a little emotional, thinking to use that image. ";" There has always been the "fuss" is called to write the article, said the Western writers to write home work to write products, which can easily and illusions, "write" and "for" has a "hand" and "intention" of the difference. "and so on. (See "Practical Writing" magazine No. 6 of 1992, "Application of visualization of Writing")
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Writing Directory
"I know Shen" (qian forward / Zhao and forward) 1986 Yuelu bookstore "Qian Anthology" (qian a) Tianjin People's Publishing House in 1993, Anhui Education Press, 1987 "I and the literary and others" (qian a) Anhui Education Press, 1996 "Aesthetics and the History of Chinese Art" (qian a) Knowledge Press, 1984 "Tragedy Psychology: Critical Theory of the tragedies of pleasure" (qian a) People's Literature Publishing House in 1983 "Tragedy Psychology: Chinese and English together in this" (qian a) Anhui Education Press, 1989 "Collected Works of Zhu Guangqian" (qian a) (1) Shanghai Art Press, 1982 "Twenty letters to the youth" (qian a) 170.7/2593 two decades of the Republic of open book "Poetry" (qian a) I052/20.1 Anhui Education Press, 1997, I052/20 1984 Joint Publishing "Abnormal Psychology factions" (qian a) B84-06/59 Anhui Education Press, 1997 "Literary psychology" (qian a) B849: I/15 Anhui Education Press, 1996 "The second letter to the young" (qian a) I266/17b Anhui Education Press, 1996 "On Literature" (qian a) I0/159d Anhui Education Press, 1996; I0/159d1 Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House, 2001; I0/159d2 Cambridge Publishing Company 1986; color research and culture of Chinese Art Ltd. 1989 "On Beauty" (qian a) I0/159a1 Anhui Education Press, 1997; I0/159a2 liberal Press, 1994; I0/159a Anhui Education Press, 1989; I0/159a3 study of Chinese culture Color Art Co., Ltd. 1988 "Tragedy Psychology" (qian a) B83-06/2a1 Anhui Education Press, 1996 "The second letter to the young" (qian a) I266/17b1 liberal Press, 1996; I266/17b2 open book thirty-seven years the Republic of China "History of Western Aesthetics" (qian a) 700.9/2593.1 People's Literature Press, 1979 "On Reading" (qian a) I106/126 Tianjin People's Publishing House 1998 "Aesthetics Gleaners _Set_" (qian a) B83-53 / 5 1980 Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House "Abnormal Psychology factions" (qian a) 155/2593a1 Shanghai Culture Publishing House 1989 "Aesthetics" (Hegel / qian) 700.1/0464: 3.2 Business 1981 "Proceedings aesthetic criticism" (qian a) 700.1/2593a Writers Publishing House in 1958 "Aesthetic principle" (Croce a / qian translated) 700.1/2702a1 Writers Publishing House in 1958 "Literary psychology" (qian a) Twenty-six years the Republic of 700.15/2593 open book; 700.15/2593/1936 25 years of the Republic of open book "History of Western Aesthetics" (qian a) 700.9/2593 People's Literature Publishing House in 1963 "Abnormal Psychology factions" (qian a) 155/2593a2 Shanghai Bookstore, 1989 "Art Dialogues of Plato" (Plato / qian translated) 800.1/1703.1 New Art Press, 1957 "Aesthetics. On Literature" (qian a) I0/159 People's Literature Publishing House in 1988 "_Select_ed Papers Zhu Guangqian Literature" (qian a) I0-53 / 5 1980, Hunan People's Publishing House "Arts Zatan" (qian a) I266/17 Anhui People's Publishing House 1981 "Qian Criticism Collection" (qian a) I206.7/501 Zhuhai Press, 1998 "Qian Autobiography" (qian a) B83/168f Jiangsu Art Press, 1998 "Abnormal Psychology factions" (qian a) 155/2593a (gift) in 1930, an open book "Qian academic and cultural essays" (qian a) I0/159e China Youth Press, 1998 "On two U.S. Letters" (qian a) D432.63/42 Shanghai Translation Press, 1999 "Poetry" (qian a) I052/20.3 Joint Publishing 1998; I052/20.2 Shanghai Ancient Books Press, 2001; I052/20.4 (SH) 2004, Guangxi Normal University Press "Abnormal Psychology factions" (qian a) B84-06/59.1 Commercial Press, 1999 "On Culture" (qian a) 188.6/2593 Press, 1946, in the week; B825/160 Guangxi Normal University Press, 2004 "Real Wen Chao Meng" (qian a) 817.8/2593 Shanghai Companion 1936 Book Printing Company "Aesthetic principle" (qian Finn) 700.1/2702a Cheng Chung thirty years the Republic of China "The second letter to the young" (qian a) 170.7/2593.1 Ariel Bookstore, 1931; 170.7/2593.2 open book 1929 "Wit in the essay on criticism" (Empson, a / qian a / Qian Xi a / Yuan Kejia forward / gold? A / Xia Jian a) of Peking University in 1948 "On the U.S.: the thirteenth letter to the young" (qian a) 700.1/2593 two years of the Republic of open book "Real Wen Chao Meng" (qian a) 817.8/2593.1 Shanghai Bookstore, 1990 "On the United States and Letters" (qian a 1979 completion) B83/252 Beijing Press, 2004 "New Literature Letters" (qian a) I266/17a industry strongly Press, 1988 "Silent Beauty" (qian a) Peking University Press, 2005
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Encyclopedia
Zhu Guangqian Qian Modern aestheticians, literary theorist. Real pseudonym Meng, Meng Shi. Anhui Tongcheng people. September 19, 1897 students. Wuchang Higher Normal School in 1916 admitted to the Department of Chinese, the following year into the University of Hong Kong, the main education. After graduating in 1922, in Shanghai and Zhejiang Province on China's Yu Chunhui public school high school coach, and with the Marina alternate, qing, Xia Gaizun, tao, Feng Li, who amounted academy in Shanghai, organized an open book and "general" magazine (later renamed the "School"). 1925 into the University of Edinburgh, graduating in 1929, transferred to the University of London, while the University of Paris in France, registered, and later into the University of Strasbourg, France, to paper, "Tragedy Psychology" by the literary doctorate. Home autumn 1933, has at Beijing University, Sichuan University, Wuhan university professor and former Dean of Arts, Sichuan University, Wuhan University Provost, Deputy Dean of Peking University, College of Liberal Arts. After the founding of the People's Republic, qian has been a professor at Peking University, served as second, third, fourth and fifth members of the CPPCC National Committee, the China Democratic League third and fourth Central Committee, President of the Society of Chinese aesthetics, executive director of the Chinese Institute of Foreign Literature, Chinese Social Sciences, academician, Professor Emeritus, University of Hong Kong and other staff. Scholars Guangqian origin, juvenile court and training commitments, familiar with the scriptures. Liang was occasionally have to read the "Collected Works of drinking ice room", this book reveals a new world to qian. He "began to dream of 'new school'", and "an interest in drama for the novel" ("how to learn Chinese from me talking about"). Studying abroad, he has extensive contacts with modern Western culture, mainly interested in literature, psychology and philosophy. When he found that aesthetics is common these subjects contact the clue, finally embarked on the road of aesthetics. "Literary psychology" and "Poetics" is qian representative before returning in 1933. The former is China's first systematic introduction and exposition of works of literary psychology specializing in the field of pioneering significance. In addition to providing a large number of book ideas in the history of Western Aesthetics information on Croce's Intuition, Bullock said the distance, empathy Phillips said Groos's theory of imitation and other factions within the doctrine, but also from the inductive some principles of literary criticism, applied to analysis of literary phenomenon, which broadened the vision of literature and ideas, at the time of academic, literary and art circles have a greater impact. According to "literary psychology," changed to the Popular Reading of "On Beauty", has widely spread in young readers. "Poetry" Poetry from the perspective of the establishment of view, are widely involved in the origin of poetry, nature poetry, and poetry the characteristics of the basic theories of poetics; start and from analysis of specific poems, focuses on the rhythms of Chinese poetry and rhyme; and the impact from the Han and the translation of Buddhist scriptures, Fine input of Chinese poetry has embarked on the road law. "Poetry" to promote poetry writing includes creative purposes. Guangqian that was urgent need to study two questions: "First, what sort of the tradition can follow, whether one is sort of outside influences can accept." Correct solution of these two issues, for promoting the development of poetry has a role can not be ignored. So he used the methods of comparative literature, both from a historical perspective vertical comparison on, he horizontal comparison of Chinese and foreign poetry, that poetry to explain the Chinese with Western classical poetry, Poems to prove the West with Chinese poetry. Qian in writing After returning in 1933 Guangqian, apart from the coach, continue to engage in aesthetic and literary research. Mainly the actual light of the new literary movement, writing papers and book reviews, articles, revenues were "real paper copy Bangladesh" (after the minor additions and deletions, changed its name to "I and the literature and other") and "On Literature". He also strengthened the links and writers. In 1936 about the beginning of a number of poets and scholars invited Peking Liang, qing, Feng Zhi, Yu Pingbo, Bian, Qifang, Shen, Li Jian, Cao Baohua, etc., form the "poetry readings"; the same year in May, but also with Hu Shi, Gu, Luo Changpei, Wushi Chang, Shen and so initiated the establishment of "China Wind Knot Society." May 1937, "literary magazine" founded, qian chief editor. In his foreword in the proposed "free hair growth, free discussion" slogan. This publication is a "Beijing School" writer's primary position, at that time had a greater impact on literary and art circles. This stage, qian study in literary theory literature on the one hand clearly expressed their opposition to the detective, sex, shady, romantic, dogmatic slogans for the content, against the authors hold, "making a fuss," "
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English Expression
n.: Zhu Guangqian
Thesaurus
zhumengshi, mengshi, mengshi
Related Phrases
literature
aesthetics
classic
philosophy
science
psychics
book
life
Containing Phrases
Zhu guang Qianji
Zhu guang Qiantanmei
Zhu guang hidden corpus
Xinkai Lay one's heart bear Zhu Guangqian
Tin Zhu guang hidden narrate aesthetics
Zhu guang hidden Aesthetics elevate research
Zhu guang hidden Aesthetics Literature thesis anthology