 春尺蛾
Family: Geometridae
Species Latin name: apocheima cinerarius erschoff
Domestic distribution: Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong,
Overseas Distribution: USSR
Biological characteristics: 1 occurred in a generation, to pupae in the soil under the canopy over-summering, wintering. The following year by the end of February, early March, the local Table 5-10 cm depth at 0 ℃ and the temperature began when the adult emergence unearthed. March, the middle see the eggs, in April, the mid-larvae hatch in May, and buried in mid-mature larvae pupate, pre-pupal stage 4-7 days, the pupal stage, up to 9 months. The worm appears in Shandong of both Bi Ningxia state as early as 10 days. General adult emergence at about 19 more. Males with phototaxis, and more at night, Bai Tianjing V in the litter and weed tree adult public has been hidden in the cracks of the bark is, the technology off at the trunk, and branches interlaced cracks Bo shelter. Adult life and negatively correlated to temperature. Feather earlier (the end of February, early March) the adult, when the temperature is low, life is long; emergence late (3 months, late) of the adult, the temperature was getting high, life expectancy is shorter. Life in general than the male moth moth long. Moth life up to 28 days; higher rate of adult emergence, indoor observation 89.1%, of which the first number of female moths to 1.1 times the male moth. Into the clear during the day 'was the suspended animation of the night is not obvious. Female moth can crawl on the tree 1 minute more than 1.32-1.63 m. adults to 23 o'clock in the evening before mating, mating of the longest five minutes, the shortest 4 minutes, an average of 10.6 minutes. Looking after mating and spawning sites, divided 2-5, the next batch will be eggs. 1 egg prolific in the trunk. sin bark below the skin cracks and snags, etc., more than 10 tablets to produce dozens of tablets together into blocks. Each female can lay up to 300 grains, an average of 104.4. In Shandong Province, can lay up to 600 grains. Oviposition period of generally 10 days. Fecundity of the first 3 days of 44-88% of total fecundity. Spawning at night most of the total amount of the other eggs. 8%. Especially Shangban Ye most concentrated, accounting for 73.34%. 13 eggs a day off. Hatchability close off%. 5th instar larvae, the larvae of 18-32 days. Newly hatched larvae fed on shoots and buds, the larger larvae feeding on leaves. Light leaves the victims were mutilated, all the fresh leaves of severe pruning of light, when the larvae and then the wind shifted to the nearby popular silk trees hazards. Larvae with a certain amount of endurance of hunger. The larvae of the 4-5 strongest resistance to hunger. Larvae at rest, often to 1 on the gastropods and special developed hip enough fixed on the branch, head, chest lifted, an accident alert, immediately spinning down, hanging under the canopy, slowly Youyi chest foot wire around the rose. In mid-May before and after the mature larvae gradually buried, parties, fluid secretion, so that the soil surrounding the formation of soil hardening room, including pupate. Leap to the crown under the distribution of more 74% of the total number of pupae, and under the canopy compared to the low-lying sections of the largest number of pupae. Pupa into the deep l-60 cm, while the 16-30cm deep at most, accounting for 64.96%; pupae in the soil chamber in the head stand upright, there were those 45-degree angle, almost horizontal individual pupae. Cover and natural mortality rate of overwintering pupae of 6-9%. Worm in the following spring emergence. The size of pupae and larvae of nutrition related to diets low in average pupal length 13.43 mm, pupal weight was 0.097 g; adequate diets, the average pupal length 16.87 mm, pupal weight to 0. 205 g. The number of male pupae than female pupae more, the sex ratio is 16.1:1. Parasitoid natural enemies of small larvae, parasitic rate of 27%.
Control methods: 1. Forest tending measures should be timely and reasonable thinning, excessive logging ban. Heavier on the occurrence of forest pests can be destroyed at the end of the fall cultivator wintering pupa; clear forest understory and near the weed host, and to be burned, to destroy the larvae or eggs and so on. 2. Transplanting seedlings to the attention of quarantine inspection to prevent the spread of parasite seedlings. 3. Manual control in the late autumn or early spring in the artificial cocoon of earth dug up to feed poultry and livestock, it is best to send the pupa into the container so that flies, parasitic wasps fly out; or a combination of reclamation measures to check pupa. Tea can also be used for earth buried moth pupae, the rationale for dead adults. Larvae generally have suspended animation, accessibility to the lower berth in the film, shaking the trunk, will destroy the larvae fall. In more serious pest where fishing is available on the artificial moths on tree trunks, scraping the eggs or kill the cluster of early instar larvae and eggs can also be difficult to press the base of the trunk or tied to 5-7 cm wide with plastic film to Block No moth on the tree and the tree in time will not kill the moth; or in the middle of August in the host plants and weeds on the dorsal foot end of Mindanao and other collection points in the cocoon; the main trunk of the fall in the odd round bales of hay or a Film Central (drug ring), bow l lure insects this winter winter and early spring to be burned; may be scraping the base of the trunk by two 5 a 10 cm wide, semi-interlocking rings, painted or coated with monocrotophos insecticidal gel rings. 4. The protection and use of natural enemies should endeavor to protect the use of predatory and parasitic natural enemies. Inhibited larvae against pathogenic microorganisms play a significant role, can be _select_ed according to the actual situation of rejection following microbial agents: lml credited with holding the amount of 0.5-0.7 or 1-2 billion in Bacillus thuringiensis strains budworm emulsion; per gram powder containing spores of Beauveria bassiana 100 billion with 100 million powder or lml solution of Beauveria bassiana spores; per ml 0. Tung ft 1.3 billion polyhedrosis virus polyhedrin Huang School (npv) moth control tung; mu with 1. 31x 10 'a 2 x 10' Niang npv Apocheima cinerarius polyhedrin control. Locust can be destroyed within 80% of herdsmen mulberry moth pupal wing fold; Camellia forest put a duck, let it roll off the feeding larvae. 5. Adult occurrence of available black light trapping. 6. Chemical control of young larvae and adults can be applied the following pesticides: (1) Conventional Spray: 800-1000 times 80% dichlorvos EC, fenitrothion 50% EC 1000-1500 times, 2.5% O cyanide dilution of permethrin EC 2000-3000, 90% trichlorfon Crystal 800-2000 times, times 30% efficiency fenvalerate 6000-8000, 50% Phoxim EC 2000 times, 25% carbaryl WP 300-500 times and so on. (2) ultra-low volume spray: 50% of the insecticidal net oil and diesel 1: 1 mixture, the amount per hectare 6 kg; 50% dichlorvos EC and diesel 1: 2 mixture. (3) The wingless female adults on the front of the tree at its base in the trunk containing bicyclic Australia cyhalothrin toxicity to killing of stroke. (4) occurs when a large area insect pests can be killed with dichlorvos intubation aerosol smoked 2-3 larvae per hectare treatment 15 kg. (5) days of the tung tree 2.5-3.5 moth eggs to try the juvenile hormone zr515. , The amount of 5 ppm. () With 20% off 1 plastic baby hanging late agent, per acre amount of 8-10 g (active ingredient) control young larvae. (7) of the mulberry moth spraying should seize the bud in early spring (winter buds are starting to turn green to the first green bud scales when the package is not far off) and after cutting the bud of the article, every 7 days after spraying Mulberry feeding silkworm. |
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