penaeus (marsupenaeus) japonicus bate Commonly known as flower shrimp, shrimp, bamboo, flower shrimp, prawn, shrimp truck, is crustaceans crustacea, Decapoda decapoda, swimming suborder natantia, shrimp Section penaeidae, shrimp is penaeus
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Identification
Body was blue and brown horizontal stripes pattern, tail is bright blue. Forehead slightly positive bow-shaped, 8 to 10 teeth on edge, lower edge of the 1 to 2 teeth. First whip antennae very short, shorter than the carapace of 1 / 2. The first section of the walking legs no seat thorn, males transfer device has a very thick middle of the top protruding, elongated cylindrical female transfer device. Mature female than male shrimp.
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Colonization
Japanese shrimp habitat at depths 10-40m of the sea, like habitat in the mud bottom, with a strong potential of Saudi Arabia during the day hidden in the depth of about 3cm less activity in the sand at the end of the night for feeding and frequent activities. Often slow swim in the water feeding the lower, sometimes swim to the middle and upper classes. In the high-density shrimp farming, the parade was when the state of hunger. But generally found little swimming, especially in the early breeding is more difficult to observe.
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Distributed
Shrimp are very widespread in Japan, Hokkaido, Japan, south China coast, Southeast Asia, northern Australia, eastern Africa and the Red Sea and other information are placed. January to March in coastal and 9 to 10 months can be caught broodstock, spawning peak in December each year - in March next year. Shrimp flood season is l ~ 3 months. Often associated with black tiger shrimp, shrimp mixed with a wide ditch habitat.
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Habits
1, habitat and activities: Japanese shrimp habitat at depths 10-40m of the sea, like habitat in the mud bottom, with a strong potential of Saudi Arabia during the day hidden in the depth of about 3cm less activity in the sand at the end of the night and make frequent activities feeding. Often slow swim in the water feeding the lower, sometimes swim to the middle and upper classes. In the high-density shrimp farming, the parade was when the state of hunger. But generally found little swimming, especially in the early breeding is more difficult to observe. 2, the adaptability to the environment ① adaptation to salinity: Japan is euryhaline shrimp shrimp. Appropriate range of salinity is 15-30 ‰, but when high-density culture less able to adapt to low salinity, generally not less than 7 ‰. ② the temperature adaptation: a subtropical species of shrimp in Japan, and the optimum temperature range of 25-30 ℃, stop feeding at 8-10 ℃, 5 ℃ these deaths, higher than 32 ℃ life is not normal. ③ on the dissolved oxygen (do) requirements: Japanese shrimp tolerate oxygen in the pond in the critical point is 2mg / l (27 ℃ pm) below the critical point that began to die. Resistance to dry and strong, long-distance transport is easier to type. ④ ph value of seawater adaptation: water ph value more stable, generally around 8.2, but the majority of shrimp ph value changed greatly. Japanese shrimp to adapt to the ph value is between 7.8-9.
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Economic value
Japanese shrimp is Japan's most important shrimp species in Japan, raising to 25 grams of the highest sale price, sells live shrimp. China's Fujian, Guangdong and other southern coastal areas in recent years has begun farming. Culture 180 days weighing up to 20 to 25 grams. Spawning body length of 12 to 20 cm, weight 20 to 95 grams. The shrimp shells thick, resistant to dry gel, suitable for in vivo distribution of profits is higher. Nutritional value similar to other major shrimp.
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Farmed
- Zhao Litian First, the shrimp pond conditions: Japanese shrimp pond bottom sediment as the best in mud, water depth should be more than 1 meter, salinity requires more than 15%. Second, prepare Fangmiao 1 shrimp pond disinfection. Water in the ponds 15 days before to 20 days, disinfected with lime of shrimp ponds, the pool to kill all the wild fish and miscellaneous harmful bacteria, viruses, lime dosage of 75 kg / mu to 100 kg / mu. 30ppm ~ 50ppm bleach can also be used for clear pond disinfection. 2 shrimp pond water. Fangmiao the first 10 days, after the water filter inside the water to shrimp ponds. Mesh with 60 mesh strainer is made, the water level should be determined depending on weather conditions, if the weather is stable, should the water 50 cm to 60 cm, to facilitate the water temperature increases, promoting growth of shrimp, such as inclement weather, should be deeper, reduce temperature fluctuations. 3 shrimp pond fertilization. Fangmiao should normally be the first 7 to 10 days to choose sunny fertilization, the shrimp pond water 50 centimeters to 80 centimeters per acre nitrogen 1ppm, phosphorus 0.1ppm. Xintang mix may be appropriate if some of the chicken and other organic fertilizer to accelerate the breeding of phytoplankton, the amount of chicken is 3 kg / acre to 5 kg / mu, after a week depending on degree of water to conduct top-dressing fertilizer. Better reproduction of natural-based bait shrimp ponds, shrimp farming early in less than 3 cm in length can not vote when the basic feed. Third, the _select_ed seedlings and transport: put shrimp should be stable at the temperature above 13 ℃ for. Buy shrimp with the nearest appropriate, if it is to air the shrimp should be fully prepared before transport seedlings, requiring quick, Express, quick release, try to control the transit time of 10 hours. Nearby to buy shrimp for more than 1 cm in length as well, by air shrimp body length of 0.8 centimeters for the better. Shrimp's body should be healthy and active, specifications and tidy. Fourth, shrimp serving: as much as possible when Fangmiao sunny windless day. When the wind is not available raceway, but must upwind of the raceway, nursery and shrimp ponds of water salinity water salinity difference is not greater than 3 ‰, water temperature not more than 2 ℃, such as greater than the above values, should be subject to Huanmiao processing, then put the shrimp ponds. Fangmiao density of 10,000 / acre to 1.5 million / acre. Fifth, to develop management: 1 water quality management. Fertilizer-based farming early days, depending on fertility and water quality conditions and changes in color, add water daily to the pool every day to add 3 cm to 5 cm or 3 to 4 days plus 15 cm to 20 cm of water to maintain the ecological balance of the pool. To the shrimp body length of 5 cm or more, it will add water to 1 m above the pre-culture medium from the "fertilizer" to "living water", the general day for 15% to 20% water. Post-breeding as water pollution, may be appropriate to increase the exchange of water. 2 feeding. Shrimp growth depends mainly on the pool of pre-natural food to maintain, in the latter part of feeding the artificial granule bait, no matter what homemade or purchased food, its protein content should be higher than with the Chinese shrimp with bait, preferably in more than 50%, in order to ensure normal growth of shrimp in Japan. Feeding time should be in the evening to night 8:00 and 1:00 is the best. Under normal circumstances in the 8 pm vote on feeding 70%, 30% voted early. Network used a small crane breeding early, middle and late quantitative determination of free spin network the total weight of shrimp pool, and then determine the amount of feeding on. In general, shrimp weighing 1 gram to 5 grams of body weight when feeding amount of 7% to 10%; 5 g 10 g at 4% to 7%; 10 grams to 20 grams of 3% to 4%. 3 daily observations. Daily observations during the Japanese shrimp develop basic work should focus on the following aspects: (1) shrimp feeding conditions: feeding reflects the adequacy of food, sediment and water quality is normal, will directly affect the shrimp growth and health. (2) shrimp growth: growth and survival observed mainly in the estimation of average weight, weight measurement and shell and so on. (3) the activities of shrimp: shrimp according to Japan to observe the activity habits, abnormal, such as sand shrimp is not hidden, decreased activity, unresponsive, or in the water floating head spin, etc., should take timely measures to deal with. (4) shrimp pond sediment and water quality: including bottom color and odor, water quality indicators and daily testing. 4 disease prevention. Japanese shrimp develop in late every 10 days to 15 days with lime water Quanchiposa 1, to improve the water's physical and chemical factors. Prevent occurrence of disease, lime dosage 15ppm ~ 20ppm. Add oxytetracycline in feed made of bait, can prevent bacterial disease, generally with the addition of bait 1 ‰. In recent years, the cultivation of shrimp in Japan during the white spot disease virus also occurred on the viral diseases is currently no effective treatment, only a means to slow down by prevention of the occurrence, such as feeding high-quality food to enhance shrimp constitution, in the food fortified with vitamin c, vitamin e, ginseng saponin and other immune-enhancing substances to improve shrimp immunity. Six harvest: shrimp grow to 80 / ~ 100 kg / kg, can be a shrimp. Methods of harvest method of closing plug shrimp trap net, trap net into the pool, it should be checked in within the shrimp net trap density, the density is too large to prevent shrimp death.
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Identification
Body was blue and brown horizontal stripes pattern, tail is bright blue. Forehead slightly positive bow-shaped, 8 to 10 teeth on edge, lower edge of the 1 to 2 teeth. First whip antennae very short, shorter than the carapace of 1 / 2. The first section of the walking legs no seat thorn, males transfer device has a very thick middle of the top protruding, elongated cylindrical female transfer device. Mature female than male shrimp. Body length 8-10 cm. Forehead gear 8-10/1-2. With the amount of stomach ridge, back-end dual-fork. Forehead side channel length, stretch near the posterior margin of carapace; brow ridges after the central sulcus is longer than the carapace length of 1 / 2. End section with 3 spines of activities. Female cystic transfer device, the front opening, there is a round protrusion; prominent male mid-transfer device to the ventral bend. Soil surface with a distinctive yellow and blue and white horizontal stripes, tail limbs with brown transverse band.
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