vegetation > Spot flowers
Contents
Plant name
  Plant names. Kapok of a kind. Also known as Panzhihua, hero tree. Tree height and large, bright red flowers, the fruit not of textile fibers, the kapok textile fiber can be different classes. Ming Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica wood three Kapok": "Kapok are two kinds of vegetation, cross wide kapok tree as big as a hold, its branches like Tung, its leaves the size of walnut leaves as big as a fist ... ... strong, solid in white cotton, cotton in sub. people today that the variegated flowers, and correct for the Panzhihua. "Ming Xu Guangqi" NongzhengQuanshu "Volume 5:" "History of Southern Dynasties," the so-called Lin Yi Jibei, "Wu Lu" so-called Yongchang kapok, all that cotton grass and trees, for cloth, which means Horse Chestnut tree. However, no class and spotted flowers. "
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No. 2
  斑枝花
  (《汪右丞集》)
  【来源】为木棉科植物木棉的花。
  【植物形态】又名:木棉花(《生草药性备要》) 木棉(杨孚《异物志》),古贝(《南州异物志》),攀枝花(《纲目》),琼枝(《梧浔杂佩》),英雄树。
  大乔木,高可达25米。干和枝有短而大的圆锥形的刺;枝平伸。掌状复叶,叶柄长8~12厘米;小叶5~7枚,具柄,薄革质,矩圆形至椭圆状矩圆形,长10~20厘米,宽5~7厘米,先端渐尖,基部阔或渐狭,全缘,两面均秃净。花大,红色,直径约12厘米或过之,叶前开放,聚生于枝的近顶端;萼厚革质,长3.5~4.5厘米,外面秃净,内被丝毛,分裂为阔而钝的裂片;花瓣5,肉质,矩圆形,长8~10厘米,两面多少被星状柔毛,但内面稍稀疏;雄蕊管短,多列,最内5枚于顶端分叉,每1分又有花药1枚,中间10枚较短,最外的多数,合生为5束;子房5室,胚珠多数,柱头5裂。蒴果大,矩圆形,木质,长10~15厘米,宽4.5~5厘米,果瓣内有绵毛;种子多数,倒卵形。花期3月。果期5月。野生或栽培。分布广东、广西、福建、台湾、云南等地。
  【采集】春季采收盛开花朵,晒干或烘干。
  【药材】干燥花多皱缩,不具子房和花柄。花萼杯状,顶端3~5裂,厚革质而脆,外表棕黑色,具不规则纵皱,内面被灰黄色短绒毛;花瓣5片,分离,皱缩戌破碎,外面棕黄色或深棕色,具纵纹,被星状毛,内面红棕色,被少数星状毛;雄蕊多数,花丝红棕色,扭曲,具粗纵纹,花药大部脱落。味淡微甘。
  产广东、广西等地。
  古书所载的木棉,常与锦葵科棉属植物混淆不分。《纲目》木棉条集解中即包括锦葵科棉属植物在内,而所述"交广木棉",乃为木棉科植物。
  【性味】广州部队《常用中草药手册》:"甘,凉。"
  【功用主治】清热,利湿,解毒,止血。治泄泻,痢疾,血崩,疮毒,金创出血。
  ①《生草药性备要》:"治痢症,白者更妙。"
  ②《本草求原》:"红者去赤痢,白者治白痢,同武彝茶煎常饮。"
  ③《岭南采药录》:"消暑。"
  ④《中药新编》:"利尿及健胃。"
  ⑤《南宁市药物志》:"去湿热。治血崩,金创。"
  ⑥《广西中药志》:"去湿毒,治恶疮。"
  ⑦广州部队《常用中草药手册》:"清热利湿,治肠炎,菌痢。"
  【用法与用量】内服:煎汤,2~3钱。