Tao (1897-1979), also known as Teli, Pingxiang, Jiangxi people on the chestnut. One of the early leaders of the Communist Party of China in 1938 was expelled from the party. Into the Beijing University in 1916. May Fourth Movement in 1919 were active, pushed for the Union speech, Minister of the Beijing students. October 1920, the Communist Party in Beijing to participate in the early organization. July 1921 to attend the first time the Chinese Communist Party National Congress, elected to the Central Board, in charge of organizational work. Combination will be served as secretary of the Department of Labor and Director of "labor Weekly" editor in chief, led the workers movement. July 1922 to continue in the second largest Communist elected to the Central Executive Committee. June 1923 the Chinese Communist Party three, the opposition KMT party members to join the revolutionary united front in order to establish the correct approach. January 1924 to attend a major and was elected to the KMT Central Executive Committee alternate member. January 1925 the Chinese Communist Party was elected four members of the Central Bureau, and director of the Central Workers and Peasants. After 1926, the face of right-wing Nationalist exclusion, to combat the Communist Party, the KMT-CPC cooperation, conspiracy to destroy, he implemented the policy of compromise or concession. The end of 1926, Party Secretary of CPC Hubei. July 1927 the provisional Central Standing Committee, went to stop the launch of Nanchang Nanchang Uprising. 1928 went to the Soviet Union Communist six, in the Sixth Plenary Session elected a Politburo member, after the Communist International as the Communist presence in Moscow. Early 1931 return of the Central Political Bureau Standing Committee of Henan, Anhui, after the base, he served as branch secretary of the CPC Henan, Anhui and Soviet Central Military Commission Chairman. November was elected the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic Vice President. Henan, Anhui Wang Ming He actively promoting the "Left" policy of adventurism, and presided over the conduct wrong "revolutionaries." In October 1932 after the Soviet withdrawal from Henan, Anhui, led the Red Fourth Army into northern Sichuan, the Sichuan-Shaanxi and Sichuan-Shaanxi border created party base any of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Committee. April 1935 began the Long March to abandon the Sichuan-Shaanxi base. June Red Fourth Army and the Red Army joined forces in the Sichuan region after Mao power against the central authorities on the establishment of Sichuan Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Red Army base north of the decision to split the party and the Red Army's activities, October Kang led his troops south in chomo Watchtower announced a separate "central." June 1936 was forced to cancel the second "central." Tao and Mao Zedong in the same year in July in Northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee secretary of the Northwest. Then with the Red, Red Fourth Army together with the north, in October reached northern Shaanxi. March 1937, the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau held an enlarged meeting in Yan'an, critical of his errors separatism and warlordism. In order to educate and save him, the same year, September is still sending his Vice President as Ningxia Border Region Government, on behalf of the President.
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Soviet Purges
In the Agrarian Revolutionary War, China has six Soviet, the largest of which two are Henan, Anhui Jiangxi Soviet Central Soviet. April 1931, the CPC Central Committee sent tao, Chen Changhao, Henan, Anhui Shen Zemin to the Soviet, the tao of any secretary of the Central Bureau of Henan, Anhui Soviet and the Central Military Commission chairman, Chen Changhao total less any Soviet Central Bureau of Henan, Anhui, secretary, sole leadership of E Yu Wansu area. Tao coming soon to a recorder of Henan, Anhui and the Red Army carried out a comprehensive reform, the word "transformation of the Bolsheviks," "step up revolutionaries" and other banners. August 1931, it was a Red 12 XJ Shen Division Commander sent a letter, the contents of the KMT a large expansion of intelligence agents who capitulate to write the book. Shen Xu Ji Xu Xiangqian immediately handed the letter carrying the man and had the students, the two that this is among the KMT's anti-plot, the letter reported to the central branch. Tao see below treasured XJ Shen immediate investigation. Soon, security bureau, "cracked" a mutiny plot, under torture, confessed the parties XJ Shen, Zhou Weijiong, bears, who were both affected by Xuan involved. Tao immediately ordered the arrest of all the "case" related to personnel. Soon, XJ Shen, Red 11, Division of Zhou Weijiong, red 11 division of the Political Department bears by Xuan, Henan, Anhui Military Staff Officer Li Ronggui, Red 10 division staff officer Ke Bonian element, the original red 33 division political commissar of the ginger mirror hall, the military and political director Wang Peiwu, the Secretary-General Chen Han Hong , Red 12 division political commissar Pang Yongjun, Wu Jing Chi successor political commissar of the Red 12 Shifushizhang Xiao Fang, Cheng Shao-Hung 10 Shifushichang Hill, staff director of Van Da, Uncle Guan Yi of the Political Department, Head of Mission 28, Pan Gui-red Buddha, Deputy Head of the small ultra-28, Red 30 fighting team leader Gao Jian, Feng Jun, political commissar, team leader Wang Ming Red 35, Red 12, Red 36, division chief of staff and team leader Wei Mengxian, who have been arrested. Two months later, XJ Shen, Zhou Weijiong, bear by Xuan, Jiang Jingtang, Wangpei Wu, Han-Xiang, Wu Jing Chi, Xiao Fang, Kuan Shu Yi, Pang Yongjun, Cheng Shao Shan, Ke Bonian Yuan, Wei Mengxian, Pan Gui-Buddha and others, and a large number of battalion and company-level commanders were killed. XJ Wang Chun Wang Shen's wife is a teacher of political secretary, was already pregnant, has also been secretly killed. In clearing out these "counter-revolutionary", the tao and command review the whole Soviet purges. This "purge" of the Fourth Red Army killed many people, still do not have a specific figure, only the November 22, 1931 Chen Changhao in the "School Report revolutionaries after Peng Yang," admitted within the article: "The total purge change against a thousand people, rich peasants and all the bad elements six hundred fifteen dollars. " According to the "Red Army Fourth Front Army war history," reads: "From September 13 to 11 mid-January, has so-called 'restructuring of the school', 'third party''AB group' and other trumped-up charges of killing a red four-arrest senior cadres in the army there: XI Division of Zhou Weijiong, 12 Division President and Division President of West Anhui Branch of the XJ Shen Jun, 12 division political commissar of the Pang Yongjun, Fang Xiao, deputy division commander, the political director of Bear by Xuan, 10 Division of the Political Department Officer Kwan Shu Yi, staff director of Ke Bonian yuan, 28 Regiment Pan Gui-Buddha, political commissar Luo Binggang, 29th Regiment search sub-ching, political commissar Li Xi Shi, 30 Regiment Goh Doo, political commissar of the closed Jun, 32 groups political commissar Jiang Ziying, Huang Gang, Head of Mission 33, long before the king, political commissar of the Yuan Gao Fu, political commissar of the 34th regiment Chi Wu Jing, Wang Ming, 35th regiment, 36th regiment Weimeng Xian, political commissar of the 38th regiment of any hard , and twelve regiments of the political department director, etc., have been killed in the Bai Que Park senior cadres of military systems, as well as the political director of the Central Military Commission Wangpei Wu, the former President of West Anhui branch of the military and political commissar of the 12th Division ginger Mirror Hall, the original red one Independent Army Brigade Liu Qi, and many industries. " Xu Xiangqian in the "Historical Review" in the description: "Almost three months 'revolutionaries', Su-out of more than two thousand five hundred officers and men of the Red Army." At the time the Fourth Red Army, but 1.5 million people, lost a full one-sixth of Su! After the revolutionaries continued to expand, and he moved in and killed a lot of senior generals. June 1933, Kwong Jixun killed by tao secret Hung Tongjiang County in Sichuan port field, when he was 36 years old. In 1935, Hu were killed during the Long March end, only 30 years old. August 1935, had been secretly killed by the students in the Zhuo Keji in the woods, when he was 35 years old. Once in life is determined after the founding of People's Liberation Army Central Military Commission, one of 36 military strategist.
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After a mutiny
Tao, founder of the Chinese Communist Party, from the workers and peasants engaged in the student movement to engage in sports, hands, responsible, but never became number one, one, four Army joined forces, he has 8 million people, Mao is only less than one million horses, they to compete for the central leadership, the results openly separate central, split the Red Army, then the party's criticism of disaffected, often refuse to save, and eventually even in April 1938 Sitao rebels seeking refuge with the KMT, staged a scene, "the founder of Communist China against the Chinese Communists "farce. Tao rebels seek refuge with the KMT camp, the real reason is because of the fear of death. And give him a fear of death is Wang Ming. Is roughly what happened: In 1938, Wang Ming Feng departure from the Soviet Comintern instructions back to Yan'an, as if the imperial ministers and leaders of the CPC itself. Wang Ming, Chang Kuo-tao to survive the whole, the cold, he said. Tao heard his men was hit by a trusted execution, sad to say: "Ritter, Huang Chao is a Trotskyist, that anyone accused of being Trotskyist" Wang Ming quickly explained: "You are not Trotskyist, but the trustee school use. "tao could not bear, snapped his own comrades when accused Ming Trotskyist to clear, this not help the enemy? See Ming tao look angry, said: "This thing we talk about it another day." And hurried away. From that day tao restless, restless. If the previous period of his struggle against the central and critical, he can accept. However, the return of Wang Ming had made him the terror of death. He will not forget, in January 1931 after the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth CPC Central Committee, the Shanghai underground leaders Hemeng Xiong, Ming Lin Yunan is framed under attack, by the KMT authorities arrested and killed in Longhua. Henan, Anhui Soviet vigorously recall revolutionaries themselves, have killed quite a few Red Army generals. If the central clearing him of these crimes, the consequences can be imagined. From this point, tao to plan rebellion revolution. Soon, Wang Yanan to leave the auspices of the CPC Wuhan Yangtze River Bureau. Tao still when the Border Region Government on behalf of the President. Mao Zedong and other leaders of the central command of the Eighth Route Army was busy, deaf ears tao. Tao leisurely surface, but secretly looking for the opportunity to escape from Yenan. April 4, 1938, is the tomb of the Communist days of mutual worship. Tao as acting chairman of the Shaanxi to attend worship activities in the tomb to see the KMT before the Director of the Office of appeasement Jiangding Wen Xian. Worship is completed, tao of the escort who said he was to Xi'an something, ask them to go back to a security officer with the KMT on the car sped away. To Xi'an, the KMT was admitted to the Xijing Guest House, but not with the Eighth Route Army in Xi'an office. April 7 tao arrangements for KMT to Wuhan, the then National Government Resident Chiang Kai-shek, Chang Kuo-tao Lin Boqu was called, asking him to talk to the station. Tao of the forest and old vent dissatisfaction with a pass, and said he wanted to go to Wuhan. Lin old good offices to persuade him to discuss the Eighth Route Army, by Zhang refused. Lin had to return to the old offices to the Central Bureau of transmitters and the Yangtze River, reports the case of Chang Kuo-tao. Morning of April 8, the Yangtze River Bureau has received a telegram from the Central and Xi'an, Chou immediately with Wang Ming, Bo Gu, Li Kenong discuss other responsible person, be sure to grab the KMT before the Bureau of the Yangtze River to the tao received. Zhou Li Kenong to explain to this task to his chief with a confidential OF ZHANG adjutant Qiunan chapter, Wu Zhijian to the Hankou Railway Station waiting for a tao. 12 restoration of the Central Committee Wang Ming, and Zhou Enlai, Comrade: "doing everything humanly possible for the table, we decided to give tao a power, do so transferred." Message is: "Comrade Tao country: to go after my brother, and even read that. When This national crisis, in particular within the Party should unite, universal model for the whole party before they can unite to save from peril. my brother love the patriotic party, and when to see the truth behind this. the important work of the government, still hope to return home, victorious expect. Di Mao, Luo Fu, Kang Sheng, Chen Yun, Liu Shaoqi. " Zhou took the telegram to the hotel to the central tao read, and patiently advised tao to the office to live, everything can be discussed. Tao can not say anything, but persistently refused to go. So the evening of 14 Zhou Enlai, Wang Ming, Bo Gu, Li Kenong and go tao, persuasion failed, Li Kenong it out in Shanghai, the ability to engage in underground work, half semi-tao mop into a car, back to the Yangtze River Administration Office. Tao moved offices, the total excuse to go out. Zhou Enlai, he repeatedly proposed to see Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang reported to the Border Region government. Not be removed because the tao, Zhou could not refuse. 16 am to accompany tao Wuchang see Chiang Kai-shek. Tao see Jiang said: "Brothers out confused for many years." Tit for tat Zhou Enlai once said: "You stupid, I'm not confused." Chiang Kai-shek to see this scene, not a lot said, answering a few words to the end of the meeting. Back to the Office, tao a negative attitude, said: "I am negative, allow me to return to his hometown in Jiangxi, and I still eat dinner at home. I had this before, but with politics." Zhang afternoon another excuse to go out, week Pine Wu Zhijian followers. Tao go dark in the streets, but also proposed to cross the river to go. In the ferry terminal, when guests finish off the iron bars to the door, Zhang suddenly jump onto the boat, to get rid of Wu Zhijian. Wu Zhijian taken precaution, followed by tao on the boat. Tao Wuchang refused to go back and insist to find a hotel stay. Wu Zhijian while tao rest, quickly call the Yangtze River Bureau. Office is looking for the tao, got the news immediately sent back to the tao Hankow. Tao would never go back to the life and death, he had to live down the arrangements in the Pacific Hotel. In 1946, seven or eight years the KMT has been the refuge of the tao hung Xu Xian, suddenly became a real power to local officials. In his hometown Xiong-hui's recommendation, became the Director of Relief and Rehabilitation Administration of Jiangxi points. This is a lucrative job, and Jiangxi Province is the land of their own homeland, tao soon have a "homecoming" sense of pride. Unexpectedly, when he _set_ foot on the homeland, President of Jiangxi Province is the tomb that base, I remember when, when the Red Fourth Army Sichuan, Liu Xiang in northern Sichuan in the hands of any teacher's Tomb base a complete defeat and flee. Liu Xiang angrily, when wishing to Tomb base shot, thanks to some good words, and Tomb was removed from the base of a death, but was dismissed, and detained for several months. It became the mausoleum of hate-based life-long argument that insult, and now enemy of each other, how can he let go of their own too! Tao took office on the day gave him a base Tomb played rough. That day, the tao is Tomb-based, please go to dinner. Party does not start, Tomb-based gang took tao "renegade," jokes his experience, made him restless, had to retire early, fled. Tomb of retaliation can not base this end. Tao of office began after the king from time to time constraints everywhere, often create barriers that are greatly embarrassed. In the Director's seat after two months spent on the chin, tao was no longer carrying it, and then quit the job and leave Jiangxi, fled to Shanghai. At this point, the liberation war is raging. Tao start "official position from the text," to 120 taels of gold to do the capital, was founded in Shanghai in Newsweek, called "a progress", a round of his ten years ago that has existed since the "ideologically anti-communist," the long-cherished wish. Chiang dynasty hopeless situation in 1949, the Kuomintang fled to Taiwan in many prominent officials. Tao hurried to "a progress" ceased to carry the family fled to Taipei. Tao with family members fled to Taiwan, unaccompanied, everything can only rely on himself. It was winter, he will be eager to find where the family _set_tled down, back and forth for several days, finally in Taipei to rent a house. Tao want to continue to force the KMT can be a year later, the KMT has neither arranged for him "work", did not say in his life. Although he always kept in mind that he is "the Sixth Central Committee of the Kuomintang," but the KMT has he forgotten. Soon, the house he lived in the vicinity of instructions by the Executive Yuan, has been _set_ aside for the South East of the Chief Executive Office, by the seizure. He angrily to the Executive Yuan to find someone to theory, some naughty after fruitless. After all, the house had been accounted for, down and out of the tao know that "small arm is the thigh", was moved to Taiwan after the second winter, once again migrated with his family, moved to the then British colony of Hong Kong. Eighth Party Congress was convened in 1956, tao noticed a lot of loose domestic situation, has to depend on others, he was a bad time, then returned to the idea of initiation. He through various channels, to the CPC Central Committee was conveyed to their request. Soon, the Chinese Communist Party come out, telling him: to go back to, but the prerequisite is to admit its mistakes. Although he had expected such a condition, but the other is really raised when he hesitated. He considered again, and finally make up their minds not to go back. In 1961, the tao of the United States about the University of Kansas, started writing the memoir, U.S. Kansas University, 2000 HK Chang paid a monthly cost of living, after more than ten years, the tao and more by selling the copyright for a living. In 1966, the tao from Hong Kong, moved to Canada, defected to Canada's oldest son, Zhang Haiwei study. December 1977, tao just after the 80th birthday, had a stroke, from bedridden. According to the Government of Canada provides over the age of 65 can apply for eligibility for government benefits, Yangzi Lie admitted to the government-run nursing homes, tao is admitted to the government-run hospital for the elderly free of charge. December 3, 1979, Chang Kuo-tao died. Tao has three sons, the eldest son of Zhang Haiwei teach mathematics in Toronto, Canada, the second son Zhang Xiang Chu in New York as a doctor, Yu-Chuan Chang third son as an engineer in Toronto, Canada.
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Later life
张国焘 晚年生活
December 3, 1979, a stormy winter night, the weather was unusually cold, the elderly in Canada, a Toronto hospital bed, an old man suffering from cold attacks. No nurses around, and no relatives. He died so miserably off foreign land. He is the history of modern Chinese history and Chinese Communist Party, a special character, co-founder of the CPC, the CPC representative of a major 13-bit, one of the main leaders of the CPC in early, then a separate "central" and the Party Central Committee rival Finally, toward the embrace of the anti-communist Kuomintang tao. Trust is very hard but not anti-communist May Fourth Movement, the tao is one of Beijing University student leader. A major Communist, as a Marxist group in Beijing representative, he is the host of the General Assembly. At the meeting he and Chen, Lee was elected together leading members of the Central Bureau, responsible for organizing the work of Lee, in charge of propaganda, Chen appointed general secretary. Later, three times to go to Moscow, then seen by Lenin. Revolution failed, Henan, Anhui and Sichuan-Shaanxi tao has the revolutionary base areas in the work, as the highest leadership positions. Long March, he announced a separate "central", and the Central rival. After the Long March, the central tao in the northern route started clearing the error, tao this uneasy and unhappy. April 1938, tao defected in Wuhan, to invest in the arms of the Kuomintang reactionaries. Although tao very hard in the anti-Communist Kuomintang, but still not trust, to depend on others suffered a taste of the mainland eve of liberation, tao fled to Taiwan, became the forgotten historical figures. In Taiwan, the tao bullied by others, the house was rented Executive Office of the people of Southeast military occupation. Tao stimulus for this very popular in the winter of 1949 and the three wives and his son moved to Hong Kong. After the outbreak of the Korean War, the international price of gold in fashion and knew nothing about the tao of fried gold, see blonde people a fortune by speculation, he took out $ 5000 and began trading gold business. Make a lot of the beginning, tao very happy, they put all the savings brought fried gold. Who would have thought the war would end soon, the international price of gold fell, tao lose it all the money, and even their money can take into it, down the drain. Since then the family can only rely on a teacher's son just to get paid little, eat the bread and water, but also to support two sons and three sons to study, life is extremely tight. Shortly afterwards, however, the wife of Yang Zailie tao day Shangjie shopping, unfortunately fell and broke his hip bone plate, to live for half a year hospital, and was crippled, action is very inconvenient. Successive blow to tao situation is extremely embarrassed, I think of the days, tao tears in their eyes. To put on the spot in the tao in Hong Kong when the new China is booming at this time. Spring 1953, tao the idea of moving the back to the mainland, write a letter to the Trustee to find Xinhua News Agency Hong Kong Branch Huang Zuomei, please convey to Chairman Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi and Zhou Enlai and Vice Premier and express their ideas to go back. Huang Zuomei immediately sent a message to the tao of the South Branch of the CPC Central Committee and forwarded to the central. 3 weeks after the CPC Central Committee Liu passed down the name of words: tao willing to come back is, the central is welcome. However, he must first make a report to the central and profound review of the history of his stick to the wrong line, against the CPC Central Committee, which split the final betrayal of the party Central Committee and the people of the serious mistakes made to ensure that rehabilitation, in order to express their determination. Heard the answer, tao silent, not to mention the matter back to the mainland. Communist dignitaries living by selling information Summer day in early 1953, is for the living to worry about the tao, suddenly encountered an endless things to make him happy. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency through the U.S. Center for Asian Studies, found him, to his party and government leaders about the situation in China. U.S. Communist Party leaders hope that by understanding the past, personality, hobbies, communication, suggesting that its position in the party and the government, relations, internal and external policies and in the future. Tao and the vast majority of leadership positions, he served as the founding senior officials have had contact with, or even long-term work, hold the common people can not understand the situation. From July 1953, the U.S. Consul-General of the Central Intelligence Agency has sent its more than 20 times to visit tao, understanding of Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Peng Zhen, wu, Lin Boqu, Lin Biao, Zhang Wentian and other Communist dignitaries situation. Requirements for the Americans, tao is always best of our knowledge, to meet them. VIP by selling information on the CCP, tao from the Americans there, begging to some compensation to make their own economic distress of the situation has improved to some extent. 1961, University of Kansas sent to find tao, hope he can write his memoirs. Tao said yes, 4 years after the completion of the 100 million words tao "My memories." In this 4 year period, the monthly pay to the University of Kansas as a research cost of his 2000 HK, Ming Pao Monthly was made to the Chinese tao copyright, he received a substantial reward. After 10 years, the tao, a major book royalties by the living. In 1968, the "Cultural Revolution" was spread to Hong Kong. Tao much panic, the Communist Party as a traitor, he did not know what impact he would have been. To avoid disaster, he decided to went to Canada. Tao, Yang Zailie more Chinese came to Toronto, Canada. Zhanghai Wei Zhang's eldest son is in Toronto this time teaching mathematics, the second son Zhang Xiang Chu in New York as a doctor, Yu-Chuan Chang third son as an engineer in Toronto. Tao his wife to Toronto, living with a son. Soon, he and his eldest son's income Yangzi Lie found families to be difficult to feed, they moved out of the son's home, was admitted to the nursing home free. Funeral Cross Soul frozen exotic disease 1976 day, 79-year-old tao a stroke, right side paralysis, life can not take care of themselves. Yangzi Lie has over seventy, legs still disabled, unable to care for tao. Elderly people admitted to hospital had to apply for tao. Tao mobility after stroke, difficulty speaking, pronunciation is not clear, nor how the ear works, only a day sitting in a wheelchair indoors. Relatives over a period of time to see him, give him some comfort. When friends visit his past, tao always clasped their hands, and sometimes burst into tears. Tao clear that their days are numbered. November 26, 1979, is the tao of the 82-year-old birthday. Three sons of his eldest son received from the old hospital Zhanghai Wei's home, family happiness so tao good mood and are unwilling to return to the old hospital cold unbearable, could not help but blurt out: "Sometimes hospital heating off, cold I made the vomiting. "Upon hearing a family, and my heart are not the taste. But not back to the old hospital can go? Three sons just to get by, plus tao more constraints, and finally, he can return to his old man do not want to live in hospital. When tao left home, Yangzi Lie bed prepared for him a few blankets, some of his less cold. This unusually cold Canadian winter, the snow continuous. The night of December 2, when turning on the bed tao got the quilt and blanket the ground, several of nurses rang but no response. Tao only silently cold torture. Tao body has been badly weakened by this cold, state of health worsened. At 5:00 on the 3rd, tao is in dying. When he wanted to see a loved one, the side was empty. The elderly as relatives rushed to the hospital, the tao has died a long time. When in the cause of the peak rate of 100,000 during the tao best players together and fought the Red Fourth Army soldiers Sichuan and Shaanxi, watch for as the Fourth Army to come and join forces led by Mao Zedong more than ten thousand Central Red Army, he never thought of his old age is like this do not actually expect their children not afford funeral expenses after death. Tao three sons are small, unable to share all the funeral expenses, only this Caimeng Jian Yang Zailie. Cai Mengjian conveyed through the valley of the Chiang Ching-kuo Huang less. A few days later, the KMT Central Committee Secretary-General Jiang Yanshi wire Cai Mengjian $ 3,500, the funeral arrangements for dealing with tao. December 5, 1979, Chang Kuo-tao was buried in a cemetery in Toronto.
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The discussion about the failure of tao
小议张国焘的失败
First, he overestimated his own power, the struggle at the out_set_ he wanted the center of everything negative. He began is that the central power in the Luo Fu, Bo Gu and other high officials who back the hands of Moscow, so the start he wanted to deny the political line of the central grounds, Luo Fu, who denied the central leadership. However, he came to realize that a good while, then headed by Mao Zedong in the central reality. Battle of the Xiangjiang River in the Central Red Army defeat, massive downsizing of forces after the Zunyi Conference and the occasion of the war, Luo Fu, who is basically already on the toe of the hair. Tao mistake then, in turn targets also included hair, so that their enemies with the entire Politburo. Third, swayed by personal feelings, the political attack and defense are not definite planned. Red Army, Fourth Army joined forces, the military take north or south? Such a strategy could have a lot of discussion of the issue, just look at what strategies will be good for the Red Army. But the tao was like to support their opinion whether the "touchstone" and his Politburo negative views of most people, then assumed a posture of a pair of opinionated, not a lot of the correctness of their views into account, do not consider doing their own what effect will stay in the central, forced to make to his command, "You Lujun," insisted the decision of the south, and to "Left Column" in the Chen Changhao, Xu Xiangqian Ministry south. 1937 tao reached Yan'an, although due to the failure of West Column, he has not joined forces with the Central Red Army forces and the power and prestige when the great swift, but the Red Fourth Army with remnants of his power and influence, the Central Political Bureau Members of you just kind of want to be playing above the central top of his domineering. In this regard, not only did not reflect tao review their own mistakes, missteps, refusing to resolve grievances with colleagues in the Politburo statement, common look ahead and rebuild the friendly and cooperative relations, the result is his own isolation, the Chinese Communists blocked his the political future.
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Work work
Full-length memoirs: "My memories" Important leader of the party in the early, only tao wrote a lengthy memoir, "My Memories", 1980,1981 historical data compiled by the modern internal Publication Press published, and later published by the Oriental Press several times, indicating its authenticity are subject to certain attention. HE Fu-tao's bodyguards also St. oral history for future generations study provides an important historical tao.
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Encyclopedia
Zhang Guotao Tao Nabari Trinidad. Pingxiang County (now Pingxiang City) City on the Li people. Had studied in Peking University. Participate in the May Fourth Movement in 1919, joined Beijing in October 1920 the communist group, the activities involved in creating the Chinese Communist Party. July 1921 to attend the first National Congress of CPC, was elected member of the Central Council, he served as Director of Organization Department. After the combination of part-time secretary of the Department of Labor Director. Communist China in 1922 was elected member of the second session of the Central Executive Committee. The following year in Beijing-Hankou Railway workers led strike. May 1924, the Northern warlord government in Beijing has been arrested, treachery to surrender. After his release, concealed the renegade behavior. Communist China in 1925 was _select_ed as the fourth member of the Central Executive Committee, who serve as Minister of the Central Military. May 1927 was elected the fifth CPC Politburo Standing Committee. Chen had to follow the right compromises to the KMT. In the same year in July the Provisional Central Standing Committee of CPC. Communist China in 1928 was elected the sixth member of the Politburo. Communist China Communist International delegations take part in after work. January 1931 at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth CPC was elected Politburo Standing Committee. Soon return from the Soviet Union, was sent to Henan, Anhui Revolutionary Base, he served as secretary of the CPC Henan, Anhui Branch of the Central Military Commission and Chairman of the revolution. November was _select_ed as the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic Vice President. Because of his strategic guidance error, failed to break the Kuomintang Red Army Fourth Front Army of the fourth "encirclement and suppression", the main force in October 1932 Henan, Anhui Soviet forced to leave. He served as Chairman of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Committee, Leadership in Soviet Area. 1934, was elected vice chairman of the Chinese Soviet Republic of the Central Government. Henan, Anhui and Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet his work, the implementation of the "Left" adventurism, in the "revolutionaries" in the framed and killed a number of revolutionary cadres. March 1935, he took the decision to give up Soviet Area. 1 June the same year, joined the Fourth Army, Ren Hongjun general political commissar of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission Vice-Chairman. Left Column arrival rate and Zhu De, Aba, he refused to implement the strategic policy of the CPC Central Committee on the north and the south You Lujun power make an attempt to harm the Party Central Committee. Left Column and other units after the rate of the south, in the same year in October a separate "central." He repeated military _set_backs, the unit suffered heavy losses, the case of the CPC Central Committee has repeatedly urged and education, and Zhu De, Liu, Xu Xiangqian and others struggle, was forced to agree to the north, and in June 1936 announced the cancellation of separate the "central." July led the troops to rendezvous with the Second Front Army, in October with the first Army and other places in Gansu would rather join forces. March 1937, the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau held an enlarged meeting, criticism of his anti-party separatist error. Ningxia Border Region Government, he served as Vice President. Spring of 1938, Ningxia Border Region tao fled, seeking refuge with the KMT spy group. April 18 the same year, was expelled from the CPC Central Committee. 1949, fled to Hong Kong. After _set_tling in Canada. December 3, 1979 died in Toronto. With a "my memories." (Wang New)
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zhangguodao
from Head To Renegade Call [make] white black Life Zhangguodaochuan
from Head To Renegade Call [make] white black Life Zhangguodaochuan
