US-made a "quark-gluon plasma." U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory scientists announced that they used the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (rhic) to create a "quark-gluon plasma." This is a new form of matter, has been widely exists within millionths of a second after the universe was born. Existing substances in the universe, quarks, etc. are confined within protons and neutrons, can not exist independently. Brookhaven National Laboratory under the high-energy and nuclear physics laboratory researchers gave gold nuclei collide at close to the speed of light, trying to collide tremendous energy and temperature generated by "melting" of protons and neutrons, quarks to make free-form released. Researchers in the laboratory to create the equivalent of 15 times the sun's heat and the core temperature of the quark-gluon plasma energy sufficient to form. Researchers originally believed that at such a high temperature and energy status, should be released as a gas, like quarks "free to fly." However, it was found that different pressures arising under the original particles collide gold nuclei collide to produce a change in the "collective move" like a fish in swimming. Due to the nature of this movement pattern is very similar to the liquid movement, the researchers referred to as "flow." The researchers believe that the quark-gluon plasma in liquid state, the study provides new insights into the universe in the original form after the birth of the universe in the millionths of a second after the birth may be a "perfect liquid." In addition, the new findings may also have an impact on the physics of the "string theory." String theory is based on the concept of ten-dimensional space to explain the nature of the universe, in the vicinity of the black hole's gravity describe the activities, and to explain how the motion of quarks in the quark-gluon plasma. U.S. Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman • said that the results of the Brookhaven National Laboratory is a significant progress in a historic physics community.
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The new material form
CERN latest research allows scientists to verify the cosmic spectacle, "Big Bang" after a few microseconds. This not only makes a major breakthrough in physics research to expand the boundaries of the universe was born close to the original, but the origin of the material nature of the universe and study have important implications for particle physics validate existing standard model. Modern Physics Research believes that structural units atoms are protons and neutrons and other subatomic particles, and subatomic particles composed of quarks and other more microscopic elementary particles. Through a combination of strong action between quarks into protons and neutrons, and this strong force main to pass through another elementary particles called gluons. Typically, due to the strong force and quarks bound in the nucleus quilt scale itself can not exist independently. However, some existing on the assumption that large enough energy and temperature should be able to disassemble the protons and neutrons, quarks and gluons and to recombine to form so-called "quark - gluon plasma." "Quark - gluon plasma" is different from the other protons and neutrons form a new substance. To dismantle bound quark strong force, to participate in "heavy ions" program scientists using ultra-high energy collision of lead ions produced by each experiment. Through the years a comprehensive analysis of the experimental data, scientists have finally discovered that there is a new form of matter produced in collisions of lead ions, characterized with the theoretical predictions - matches "quark-gluon plasma," a lot of features. CERN bulletin pointed out that the results proved that the new predictions of some existing fundamental forces between quarks is right, but also an important step in understanding the evolution of the early universe has taken forward. The new achievement is the product of the international physics community co-operation, about 500 scientists, including China, 20 countries participated in the "heavy ions" research program.