Plantain alias. See Ming Li's "Compendium of Materia Medica. Grass 5. Front. "
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dì yī
Lichen thallus door many complex plant of any kind, this is a variety of algae and a fungus in the solid surface (such as rocks, bark surface) of the symbiont, a branch of the thallus by the composition
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The carpet
The carpet. Tang Bai "embroidered red cones" poem: "to know who to warm winter, lichens, small wins were for clothing." Ming Tang "Handan dreams": "classroom old paintings Guqin, Baoding Dongjak, Bi coral, red lichen . "Cao Yu" Wang Zhaojun "Fifth screen:" behind the grassland, put up a flat altar, which is sealed shut to Chanyu Jin's preparations for the ceremony. altar covered with beautiful lichens. "
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A class of lower plants
A class of lower plants. Plant is a symbiont bacteria and algae, many species, growing in the ground, bark or rock, especially the capability of dry, cold. Xiao Hong, "The Town in March," a: "March of the wilderness have turned green, as green as lichens, showing here, there."
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No. 5
Lichens are perennial species of fungi from 1 and 1 algae complex organism combinations. Because the two plants combined with the long-term closely, both in morphology, structure, and physiological and genetic have formed a separate fixed-organism is the result of historical development, therefore, the lichen as an independent door look. The door is more than 500 plants worldwide, more than 25,000. Fungus lichens constitute the vast majority belong to ascomycetes door sclerotiorum Asia Programme (discomycetes) and nuclear bacteria Programme (pyrenomycetes) a small number of Basidiomycotina the Agaricales and non-Aphyllophorales (Polyporus mesh) of a several genera. There are very few sub-door is imperfect fungi. In addition, l species found in Central Europe cystocoleus racodium, algae-like bacteria belong. Lichens in green algae and cyanobacteria algae to some 20 genera. Green algae in the total sp is (tyebouxia), orange algae belong (trentepohlia) and blue-green algae Nostoc door is (nostoc), accounting for about 90% of algal lichens. Hyphae in lichens algal cells wrapped and surrounded by algae from the outside. Manufacture of organic photosynthesis of algae, fungi, most of the seizure, algae and isolated from the external environment can not absorb moisture from the outside, inorganic salts and carbon dioxide, have to rely on fungi supply, they are one kind of special symbiotic relationship. Fungus control algae, lichens fungi form is almost entirely determined. There have been experimenting the lichens algae and fungi take out, were cultured, and algae growth, reproduction, strong, fungi were starved to death. Visible fungus lichens, algae must rely on life. Most lichens are hi-light plant, requiring fresh air, so in densely populated, especially near the industrial city, did not see a lichen. Lichen General Growth is very slow, a few years before a few centimeters long. Lichens can tolerate long drought, drought dormancy, resumption of growth after the rain, so can students in the cliffs, rocks, bark, or the desert floor. Lichens very cold, so in alpine zone, tundra and South, the North Pole, and other plants can not survive, and lichen growth and reproduction alone can often form a vast expanse of the vast lichen community. Based on external morphology, lichens can be divided into three categories: shell-like lichens, leafy lichens and branched lichens. In addition to criss-cross the body of lichens, with density a true hyphae colorless thin outside layer of the middle algae from the algae cells. Also extended into the lower beam from the rhizoid, it is not true roots, stems, leaves and other organs. Lichens and algae in the combination of this fungus it has amazing adaptability to the environment, the material of life needed for growth, mainly from rain and dust, can adapt to extreme drought and barren environment. Of them, some hanging in the trees, showing clusters of hairy, as gray brown "litmus"; some fixing in the bare rock, a variety of shapes, such as the colorful "Stone Flower." Year-round ice in the Antarctic, lichens have become the dominant species of plants, as many as four hundred species, with black, gray, yellow, white and red, they are really colorful and exotic as the scenery of the Antarctic added. Lichens is not only beautiful, but the wide range of uses. Lichens of the litmus, clusters of rocks in the Arctic tundra or ice surface, is important boreal caribou animal feed, a living, so called it "reindeer moss." China and Japan have a valuable food - Umbilicaria in a timely manner in the cliff on the growth of a lichen. Different types of soil lichens in the world food products or raw materials. Such as the Icelanders, the lichen powder added to the bread, porridge or milk to eat. Clothing manufacturing sites in France and chocolate powder. Some countries also land clothing liquor.
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No. 6
Lichens Lichens are one kind of perennial species of fungi from 1 and 1 algae complex organism combinations. Because the two plants combined with the long-term closely, both in morphology, structure, and physiological and genetic have formed a separate fixed-organism is the result of historical development, therefore, the lichen as an independent door look. The door is more than 500 plants worldwide, more than 25,000. Lichen General Growth is very slow, a few years before a few centimeters long. Lichens can tolerate long drought, drought dormancy, resumption of growth after the rain, so can students in the cliffs, rocks, bark, or the desert floor. Lichens very cold, so in alpine zone, tundra and South, the North Pole, and other plants can not survive, and lichen growth and reproduction alone can often form a vast expanse of the vast lichen community. Plant called lichen thallus. Leaf-shaped body with the layer of lichens, algae, many number of cells (referred to as algae composition) distributed in a small number of scattered fungal cells (called lichen symbiotic bacteria) between. Different layer of lichen contrast between the number of dominant fungal cells. Out of the lower surface of thallus hairy architecture, called rhizoids, which will be fixed in thallus Substrates. Some lichens, and its shell-like and thin fronds, firmly affixed to the base material on the secret, known as the shell-like lichen. Scaly lichens form small, the shape of leaves, loosely attached to the base material. Leafy lichens is big, like leaves, some species of several feet in diameter, with its large discoid thallus central rhizoid or umbilical fixed in Substrates. A combination of fungi and algae, nature's most prominent, most successful symbiosis of the range column. About 15,000 species. Which is usually green algae algae, fungi, mostly ascomycetes or basidiomycetes. Once upon a lichen was classified as a separate plant, but the microscope appears that lichens and fungi by a combination of algae. How about the classification of lichens, there are some different views. Lichens have been used as human food and the medicine, dye materials. Lichens and in the far north for the roaming caribou and reindeer in North America to provide 2 / 3 of the food. Plant called lichen thallus. Leaf-shaped body with the layer of lichens, algae, many number of cells (referred to as algae composition) distributed in a small number of scattered fungal cells (called lichen symbiotic bacteria) between. Different layer of lichen contrast between the number of dominant fungal cells. Out of the lower surface of thallus hairy architecture, called rhizoids, which will be fixed in thallus Substrates. Some lichens, and its shell-like and thin fronds, firmly affixed to the base material on the secret, known as the shell-like lichen. Scaly lichens form small, the shape of leaves, loosely attached to the base material. Leafy lichens is big, like leaves, some species of several feet in diameter, with its large discoid thallus central rhizoid or umbilical fixed in Substrates. Fungus lichens constitute the vast majority belong to ascomycetes door sclerotiorum Asia Programme (Discomycetes) and nuclear bacteria Programme (Pyrenomycetes) a small number of Basidiomycotina the Agaricales and non-Aphyllophorales (Polyporus mesh) of a several genera. There are very few sub-door is imperfect fungi. In addition, l species found in Central Europe Cystocoleus racodium, algae-like bacteria belong. Lichens in green algae and cyanobacteria algae to some 20 genera. Green algae in the total sp is (Tyebouxia), orange algae belong (Trentepohlia) and blue-green algae Nostoc door is (Nostoc), accounting for about 90% of algal lichens. Hyphae in lichens algal cells wrapped and surrounded by algae from the outside. Manufacture of organic photosynthesis of algae, fungi, most of the seizure, algae and isolated from the external environment can not absorb moisture from the outside, inorganic salts and carbon dioxide, have to rely on fungi supply, they are one kind of special symbiotic relationship. Fungus control algae, lichens fungi form is almost entirely determined. There have been experimenting the lichens algae and fungi take out, were cultured, and algae growth, reproduction, strong, fungi were starved to death. Visible fungus lichens, algae must rely on life. Most lichens are hi-light plant, requiring fresh air, so in densely populated, especially near the industrial city, did not see a lichen. Lichen General Growth is very slow, a few years before a few centimeters long. Lichens can tolerate long drought, drought dormancy, resumption of growth after the rain, so can students in the cliffs, rocks, bark, or the desert floor. Lichens very cold, so in alpine zone, tundra and South, the North Pole, and other plants can not survive, and lichen growth and reproduction alone can often form a vast expanse of the vast lichen community. Based on external morphology, lichens can be divided into three categories: shell-like lichens, leafy lichens and branched lichens. In addition to criss-cross the body of lichens, with density a true hyphae colorless thin outside layer of the middle algae from the algae cells. Also extended into the lower beam from the rhizoid, it is not true roots, stems, leaves and other organs. Lichens and algae in the combination of this fungus it has amazing adaptability to the environment, the material of life needed for growth, mainly from rain and dust, can adapt to extreme drought and barren environment. Of them, some hanging in the trees, showing clusters of hairy, as gray brown "litmus"; some fixing in the bare rock, a variety of shapes, such as the colorful "Stone Flower." Year-round ice in the Antarctic, lichens have become the dominant species of plants, as many as four hundred species, with black, gray, yellow, white and red, they are really colorful and exotic as the scenery of the Antarctic added. Lichens is not only beautiful, but the wide range of uses. Lichens of the litmus, clusters of rocks in the Arctic tundra or ice surface, is important boreal caribou animal feed, a living, so called it "reindeer moss." China and Japan have a valuable food - Umbilicaria, that is, in the cliff on the growth of a lichen. Different types of soil lichens in the world food products or raw materials. Such as the Icelanders, the lichen powder added to the bread, porridge or milk to eat. Clothing manufacturing sites in France and chocolate powder. Some countries also land clothing liquor.
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Encyclopedia
diyi Lichen lichen Symbiotic algae and fungi, the specific type of plant. Algae, lichens are composed of Nostoc (Nostoc), a total of sp (Trebouxia) and Jin Qing algae (Trentepohlia) and other cyanobacteria and algae. Fungi, lichens composed mainly ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and a few are very few algae-like bacteria. Lichens, algae through photosynthesis in the manufacture of organic matter, for the needs of their own and fungi, fungi can absorb water and inorganic salts, for lichens, algae, photosynthesis and to maintain a certain humidity. This symbiotic relationship between the lichen has a unique shape, structure, physiological and genetic biological properties. Lichens form, according to growth pattern can be divided into three, namely, leaf-shaped, shell-like and branched, some species is a transitional type. Construction of a typical leaf-shaped points on the cortex of lichens, algae cell layer, medullary layer and lower cortex, the rhizoid or umbilical fixed in a matrix. Construction of a typical shell-like lichen or only on the cortex without cortical to medullary layer of hyphae fixed in a matrix. Radially branched structure of lichens, with the outer cortex, algal layer and myeloid cells. Lichen size (Jiang Zhi Studies)