Subject to observation locations meridian measured astronomical time. As the Earth's rotation from west to east, kept at different observer by the line, with the moment when the place is different. The difference between the two places shall be the difference between their longitude.
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No. 2
Due to the longitude difference around the sun through the meridian of time around the different a place the sun is on the meridian of time set to 12:00, this time set up called places.