Including the terrain and artificial features on the natural surface features and location of the topography, including
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No. 2
Topography is the surface features and landscapes collectively
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No. 3
The shape of the ground. "Qin Warring policy 2": "Gan Maoxian, non-permanent disability also. Their home Qin, generation after generation heavy men, and from 淆 plug, valleys, topography insurance easy to make aware of." Tang Bai "in early spring or something," Poetry : "Things change with the weather, Chunsheng by topography." Ming Wang Shou-ren, "Chuan Xi Lu" volume: "the emperor said, the school hall with a circlet, lords of the study said, Pan Palace, whom were all ears as the terrain." Mao Zedong "On Protracted War "70:" Shooting the principle of 'shading the body, promote the fire' what does that mean? the former to save themselves, the latter to destroy the enemy. because the former, then use terrain to take leap forward motion, thinning and formation All these methods have taken place. "
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No. 4
That location. Su Song, "the two governments Xuzhou Xie Kai": "terrain lapel to be, when the surface of red things; people eat hard, dry spring and summer are the occasion of locusts."
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No. 5
① In the geography, topography or "landscape." ② In the mapping study, the mean surface relief of the terrain (topography) and the surface of all fixed objects (such as houses, bridges, roads) in general.
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No. 6
Terrain [topographyf] refers feature and landscapes in general. (1) [land forms; physical contours; general configuration of the earth's surface; topographic] (2) Includes natural terrain and the location of surface features and man-made objects, including surface morphology (3) surface features and topography of the terrain is collectively A shape of the ground. "Qin Warring strategy II":. "甘茂贤 people, who are also its non-permanent UN Qin, lifetimes heavy men, from stuffed meat dish, valleys, dangerous terrain is easy, do know it." Tang Bai "in early spring that matter," Poetry : "things change with the weather, by Chunsheng terrain." Ming Wang Shou-ren "teaching record" volume:. "said the emperor circlet school, the school said Pan Palace princes, whom were all ears as the terrain of" Mao Zedong "theory Protracted War "Seventy:" Shooting principle 'shade body firepower' What does it mean to save yourself the former, the latter because of the former in order to destroy the enemy, so the use of terrain, take the leap forward motion, thinning and formation?. , various methods have taken place. " 2 refers to the location. Song Su "Xuzhou Xie Kai, two governments": "Terrain lapel want to, when land and sea of the red stuff; people eat tough, dry spring and summer being the occasion of locusts." A variety of land surface morphology, collectively terrain. Can be classified according to their morphology mountains, plateaus, plains, hills and basins five types. The terrain is a common effect of internal and external forces acting, it always changing. In addition, by external force and the formation of river deltas, waterfalls, lakes, deserts and so on. Distinctive topography seven continents, Europe, Africa, Antarctica terrain is single. European terrain with plains, low-lying flat, so an average elevation of 300 meters, is the world's lowest elevation of a continent; African continent, mainly highland terrain, called "plateau continent"; Antarctica is covered by ice and snow and more ground, The average altitude of over 2,000 meters, is the world's highest continent. Australia, South America and Oceania terrain continent, can be divided into western, central, eastern three terrain areas, the difference is a combination of western North and South American mountain terrain, the central plains, the eastern plateau, the terrain is a combination of the Australian continent western plateau , the central plains, the eastern mountains. Asia's most complex terrain, which the Ministry of high and low around the central highlands, mountains and vast plains distributed around the continent. Divided into the continental shelf seabed topography, continental slope and ocean floor three parts. Seabed topography type complex, with a deep trench Vast area of ocean basins, as well as stretches of ridge and so on. The world's deepest trench is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean, is the highest mountain in the Himalayas. The main characteristics of Chinese topography 1 varied terrain in the vast land of China, there are majestic plateau, undulating mountains, vast plains, low and hills, as well as the surrounding mountains, the size of the middle flat basin. Five basic types of terrain on land, China has distribution, which offers a wide variety of conditions for the development of Chinese industry and agriculture. 2. Mountainous area the majority of people usually put mountains, hills, and relatively rugged mountain plateau called. Chinese mountainous areas account for the total area of 2/3, which is another significant Chinese terrain features. Mountainous area of the majority, bring some difficulties to transport and agricultural development, but the mountains can provide forest products, minerals, water and tourism resources, to change the face of the mountains, the mountains of economic development provides resource guarantee. 3 low-lying west to east stepwise distribution of surface topography is undulating general trend. China low-lying west to east, roughly ladder-like distribution. The first stage of the ladder is lying Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an average elevation of 4,000 meters. Its northern and eastern edge of the distribution of the Kunlun Mountains, the Qilian Mountains, mountain range, is a lying, two ladder boundaries. Distribution of second-class terrain ladder with large basins and plateaus, with an average elevation of 1000-2000 meters east of its Mountains, Taihang, Wushan and Xuefeng mountain terrain is two, three steps of the dividing line. Distribution of third grade ladder lying on the vast plains, between hills and low mountains, more than 500 meters above sea level. If by latitude 32 ° line, from west to east as a Chinese terrain profiles, from the large plateau west of the central basin, to the eastern plains, west to east, declining progressively stepped terrain features is obvious. Continued to extend from below the surface of the third stage of China's land ladder is shallow continental shelf, which is part of a natural extension of the continent to the ocean, the general depth of little gentler slopes Mountain Mountains extend into veins is the mountains. Mountains constitute the skeleton of Chinese topography, boundaries are often different terrain areas, called direction extending toward the mountains, the mountains of their distribution towards China can be divided into five kinds of situations. The main east-west mountain ranges 3 (including five mountain ranges): North Tianshan as a Yin; listed as the Kunlun Mountains - Qinling; south as Nanling. Northeast - southwest trending mountain ranges are located in the eastern part of China, there are three main (including seven mountains): West as Daxinganling - Taihang Mountains - Wushan - Xuefengshan; listed as Changbai Mountain - Mount Wuyi; East as Taiwan's mountains. Northwest - southeast direction mainly in the mountains of western China, there are two famous mountains: Altai Mountains and Qilian Mountains. The main north-south mountain range there are two, located in the southwest and northwest, respectively mountain range and Helan Mountains. Curved mountain by the juxtaposition of several mountain ranges, from the essentially east-west and north-south into contact with the mountain range, where the most famous mountains of the Himalayas, located in China and India, Nepal and other countries border stretches 2400 km, an average elevation of 6,000 meters, and its peak of Mount Everest, 8848.13 meters above sea level, is the world's highest peak. China's terrain types 1 has four highland plateau China: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Inner Mongolia Plateau, the Loess Plateau, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. They are concentrated in the terrain of the first, two ladder. Because of different height, position, and by external causes erosion, the physical characteristics of different plateau. 2 basins China has four basins: the Junggar Basin, Tarim Basin, Qaidam Basin, Sichuan Basin. They are located on the second level terrain ladder, due to the different location, which is characterized not the same. In addition, the famous Turpan basin topography is also distributed on the second level ladder, which is China's lowest-lying basin (-155 m). 3 Plain China has three plain: Northeast Plain, the North China Plain, the Yangtze River Basin. They are distributed on the third level terrain of eastern China ladder. Because of the location, origin, climatic conditions vary, the terrain is also distinctive. Connected to the above three plains north and south, fertile soil, is China's most important agricultural areas. In addition, China as well as the Chengdu Plain, Fenwei plains, the Pearl River Delta, Taiwan's western plains, they are also an important agricultural area.
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The main peak of the mountains and mountain names
Altitude (meters) Peak and elevation Mountain Name Altitude (meters) Peak and elevation Altai Mountains 3000 Friendship Peak 4374 Helan Mountain More than 2,000 Helan Mountain 3556 Tianshan Mountains 5000 Tuomuer 7435 Yinshan Mountains 1500 more Call and Ba Shige 2364 Altun Mountains 4000 Sura Wood Tage 6295 Daxinganling 1100 more Huanggangliang 2029 Qilian 4000 more Qilian 5547 Xiaoxing'anling 500 or more Pingdingshan 1429 Shule Nanshan 4000 more Kong then I knot (unity peak) 5827 Changbai Mountains 1000 Bai Yunfeng 2691 Kunlun Mountains 5000 more Kongur Hill 7719 Zhangguangcailing 800 or more Big bald son 1669 Algar Hill 5000 more Buka Daban Peak 6860 Longgang Mountain 700 or more Hill Gang 1347 Hoh Xil Mountains 6000 Gang Zari 6305 Yanshan 1000 Wuling Mountain 2116 Mts. 5000 more Golok Hill 5369 Taihang Mountains 1000 more Xiaowutai 2882 Animaqing Hill 5000 more Ma Qing Kangri 6282 Nishiyama 1000 East Mountain 2303 Tanggula 6000 Geladaindong 6621 Mount Wutai 2500 Northern Taiwan Top 3058 Gangdese Mountains 6000 Cold cloth Kangri 7095 Luliang Mountains 1500 more Nanyang Hill (Kwan Tai Shan) 2831 Nyainqentanglha Mountains 6000 Nyainqentanglha peak 7111 Taishan Mountain 1000 Yuhuangding 1524 Karakoram 6000 more Chogori 8611 Yuntaishan 300 Mount Wutai (Yunufeng) 625 Himalayas 6000 more Everest 8844.43 Tianmashan 50 or more Tianmashan 98 Mountain range 4000 more Gongga Mountain 7556 Mount 1000 Qingliangfeng 1787 Nushan 4000 more Meili Snow Mountain 6740 Cave Hill Palace 1100 more Huangmao tip 1921 Shaluli Hill 4000 more Que 6168 Wuyi 1000 more Huanggangshan 2158 Snowy Mountains 5000 Gongga Mountain 7556 Huangshan 1000 Lotus Peak 1873 Wuliangshan 1600 Oxytropis Hill 3306 Luo Xiao Shan 1000 Southerly side 2120 Ailaoshan 1600 Ailaoshan 3166 Xuefengshan 1000 Su-ding 1934 Wumengshan 2000 Jiucaiping 2900 Nanling 1000 more MAOERSHAN 2142 Wuling Mountain 1000 more Phoenix Mountains 2570 Dayaoshan 1000 Pit Kong Mountain (fierce pit Stone) 1902 Coach Mountains More than 2,000 Motian 4072 Five Fingers 1000 Five Fingers 1867 Dabashan 2000 Shennong top 3105 Lotus Hill 800 or more Tongguzhang 1560 Qinling 2000 Taebaek Mountains (Formosa Taiwan) 3767 Central Mountain 3000 more Xiuguluan Hill 3833 Huashan 1500 more Grass chain Ridge 2646 Yushan 3000 more Yushan 3997 Dabie 1000 Huoshan (Baimajian) 1774 Alishan 1500 more Big Tashan 2663 Liupan 2000 Migang Hill 2942 Taitung 500 or more Newport Hills 1682 Plateau and the location and characteristics of the four Location Feature Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Southwest China, including Tibet, Qinghai and western Sichuan; at Kunlun Mountains, Qilian Mountains and the Himalayas between transverse ① high altitude, with an average elevation of 4,000 meters above the mountain glaciers and more ② area, the country's total area of 1/4 ③ big mountain plateau, but relatively small height Inner Mongolia Plateau Located in northern China, including Inner Mongolia, part of the majority and Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei, and in the Mountains, between the Qilian ① gentle rolling terrain, small mountains ② is China's second largest plateau, with an average elevation of 1,000 meters ③ multi prairie east and west more than the Gobi Desert Loess Plateau Located in central China, including the part of Shanxi province and Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia's. Including the south of the Mongolian Plateau north of the Qinling Mountains, west of the Taihang Mountains east Qilian Mountains, the easternmost ① altitude of 1000-2000 meters deep loess land cover ② ground broken, ravines ③ less vegetation, soil erosion is a serious Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Southwest China, including eastern Yunnan, Guizhou most. In the east of the mountain range, west of Xuefeng Mountain, south of Sichuan Basin ① rugged terrain, altitude 1000-2000 meters ② multi Canyon, between multiple small basins (ie Bazi) ③ limestone widely distributed, multi-typical karst topography 5 Chinese hills hills numerous widely distributed. In the eastern region there are hills Liaodong and Shandong hills southeast hills. Some wooded hilly areas (mostly forest or fruit trees), mineral-rich; Some were turned into terraced hills. Or contains water, as well as the hilly ridges and peaks King show, the famous tourist destination. And the location and characteristics of the four basins Location Feature Tarim Basin Located between the southern Xinjiang Tianshan and Kunlun Mountains ① large area, is China's largest basin ② wide desert, the Taklimakan Desert is the largest desert in China ③ low-lying west to east elevation of 800-1300 meters, margin oasis Junggar Basin Located between the northern Xinjiang Tianshan and Altai ① China is the second largest basin ② multi-terrain erosion, desert smaller ③ low-lying East West, 500-1000 meters above sea level, the gap between the west side of the mountain Qaidam Basin Located between the northwestern Qinghai Province, Altun, Qilian Mountains and the Kunlun Mountains ① high altitude 2000-3000 meters above sea level, is the highest-lying basin China ② multi Salt marsh southeast Sichuan Basin Located in the eastern part of Sichuan, in Wushan, Daba Mountains, Hengduan Mountains, between daloushan ① altitude of 300-600 meters from north to south, the plains, hills and low mountains distribution ② many rivers, is China's largest outflow basin Three plain and location, composition and characteristics Location Feature The main components of Northeast Plain Located between northeastern China, size of the Mountains and the Changbai Mountain. Including the part of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning provinces and Inner Mongolia ① China's largest plains, fertile black soil widely distributed ② more than 200 meters above sea level, higher-lying central, most flat, Sanjiang Plain and other regions more than a swamp Sanjiang Plain, Plain, Liaohe Plain North China Plain Located in north eastern China, between the Yanshan, Taihang Mountains, Huaihe River, including part of Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Beijing, Tianjin and Jiangsu and Anhui's ① China Second Great Plains ② most 50 meters below sea level, flat surface Haihe Plain, the Huang-Huai Plain Yangtze River Basin Located in China in the east, in the east of Wushan Yangtze tributaries along the coast, including Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai ① Most altitude 50 meters below the low-lying ② crisscrossed rivers, clouds Hudang Plain, Dongting Lake Plain, Poyang Lake Plain, Jianghuai Plain, the Yangtze River Delta
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Terrain (topographyf)
Terrain [topographyf] refers feature and landscapes in general. A variety of land surface morphology, collectively terrain. Can be classified according to their morphology mountains, plateaus, plains, hills and basins five types. The terrain is a common effect of internal and external forces acting, it always changing. In addition, by external force and the formation of river deltas, waterfalls, lakes, deserts and so on. Distinctive topography seven continents, Europe, Africa, Antarctica terrain is single. European terrain with plains, low-lying flat, so an average elevation of 300 meters, is the world's lowest elevation of a continent; African continent, mainly highland terrain, called "plateau continent"; Antarctica is covered by ice and snow and more ground, The average altitude of over 2,000 meters, is the world's highest continent. Australia, South America and Oceania terrain continent, can be divided into western, central, eastern three terrain areas, the difference is a combination of western North and South American mountain terrain, the central plains, the eastern plateau, the terrain is a combination of the Australian continent western plateau , the central plains, the eastern mountains. Asia's most complex terrain, which the Ministry of high and low around the central highlands, mountains and vast plains distributed around the continent. Divided into the continental shelf seabed topography, continental slope and ocean floor three parts. Seabed topography type complex, with a deep trench Vast area of ocean basins, as well as stretches of ridge and so on. The world's deepest trench is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. The main characteristics of Chinese topography 1 varied terrain in the vast land of China, there are majestic plateau, undulating mountains, vast plains, low and hills, as well as the surrounding mountains, the size of the middle flat basin. Five basic types of terrain on land, China has distribution, which offers a wide variety of conditions for the development of Chinese industry and agriculture. 2. Mountainous area the majority of people usually put mountains, hills, and relatively rugged mountain plateau called. Chinese mountainous areas account for the total area of 2/3, which is another significant Chinese terrain features. Mountainous area of the majority, bring some difficulties to transport and agricultural development, but the mountains can provide forest products, minerals, water and tourism resources, to change the face of the mountains, the mountains of economic development provides resource guarantee. 3 low-lying west to east stepwise distribution of surface topography is undulating general trend. China low-lying west to east, roughly ladder-like distribution. The first stage of the ladder is lying Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an average elevation of 4,000 meters. Its northern and eastern edge of the distribution of the Kunlun Mountains, the Qilian Mountains, mountain range, is a lying, two ladder boundaries. Distribution of second-class terrain ladder with large basins and plateaus, with an average elevation of 1000-2000 meters east of its Mountains, Taihang, Wushan and Xuefeng mountain terrain is two, three steps of the dividing line. Distribution of third grade ladder lying on the vast plains, between hills and low mountains, more than 500 meters above sea level. If by latitude 32 ° line, from west to east as a Chinese terrain profiles, from the large plateau west of the central basin, to the eastern plains, west to east, declining progressively stepped terrain features is obvious. Continued to extend from below the surface of the third stage of China's land ladder is shallow continental shelf, which is part of a natural extension of the continent to the ocean, the general depth of little gentler slopes Mountain Mountains extend into veins is the mountains. Mountains constitute the skeleton of Chinese topography, boundaries are often different terrain areas, called direction extending toward the mountains, the mountains of their distribution towards China can be divided into five kinds of situations. The main east-west mountain ranges 3 (including five mountain ranges): North Tianshan as a Yin; listed as the Kunlun Mountains - Qinling; south as Nanling. Northeast - southwest trending mountain ranges are located in the eastern part of China, there are three main (including seven mountains): West as Daxinganling - Taihang Mountains - Wushan - Xuefengshan; listed as Changbai Mountain - Mount Wuyi; East as Taiwan's mountains. Northwest - southeast direction mainly in the mountains of western China, there are two famous mountains: Altai Mountains and Qilian Mountains. The main north-south mountain range there are two, located in the southwest and northwest, respectively mountain range and Helan Mountains. Curved mountain by the juxtaposition of several mountain ranges, from the essentially east-west and north-south into contact with the mountain range, where the most famous mountains of the Himalayas, located in China and India, Nepal and other countries border stretches 2400 km, an average elevation of 6,000 meters, and its peak of Mount Everest, 8848.13 meters above sea level, is the world's highest peak. 2 There are four highland plateau China, they are concentrated in the terrain first, the second ladder. Because of different height, position, and by external causes erosion, the physical characteristics of different plateau. 3. Basin, China has four major basins, which are located on the second level terrain ladder, due to the different location, which is characterized not the same. In addition, the famous Turpan basin topography is also distributed on the second level ladder, which is China's lowest-lying basin (-155 m). 4 Plain China has three plain, they are distributed in the third grade ladder lying eastern China. Because of the location, origin, climatic conditions vary, the terrain is also distinctive. Connected to the above three plains north and south, fertile soil, is China's most important agricultural areas. In addition, China as well as the Chengdu Plain, Fenwei plains, the Pearl River Delta, Taiwan's western plains, they are also an important agricultural area.
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Encyclopedia
dixing Terrain topography Topography and surface features collectively. Natural form of the surface topography is undulating, the feature is the fixity of the object to the surface naturally and artificially constructed. Terrain is an important factor affecting the military combat operations. Different landscapes and intricate surface features combine to form different terrain, such as plains, hills, mountains, plateaus, forest land, residential land, water network paddy land, rivers, lakes, coast, islands, deserts, desert, grassland and marshes and so on. Military according to their observations, traffic conditions can be divided into: open land, shelter, the severed land and undulating ground. Open land is flat horizon open areas, such as plains, plateaus, grasslands. Shielding to prevent the observed feature is more significant or ground undulating region, such as residential areas, mountain, forest land. Is cut off to rivers, swamps, bluffs, gullies and other locations and impassable barrier. Undulating land is undulating ground significantly affect the observed regional traffic, such as mountains, hills. Commanders assess the situation, when you need to be determined to a comprehensive study of terrain. Method of terrain are: field investigations, the use of maps, aerial photographs, and terrain display sandbox research systems and military topography and so on. The study of the terrain, usually the first to know undulating topography and height to the overall relationship between the position of important towns, the number and capacity of railways, highways and other roads, rivers, lakes, distribution and flow, the nature and characteristics of the soil and vegetation, etc.; then Elements of the military terrain analysis configuration, movement, observation, affect shooting, nuclear, chemical weapons attack protection, and the impact on the implementation of various combat missions. Cities such as fighting organization should be studied outside the city and urban terrain, the high ground, street layout, sturdy buildings and underground facilities as well as airports, railway stations, power plants and water supply equipment. The study of the terrain, must consider the impact of weather, season and time of day and night on the possible use of terrain organization and implementation of operations. (Chen)
n.: face, geography, landforms, landscape, physique, terrain, topography, land forms; physical contours; general configuration of the earth's surface; topographic, stretch of land, with regard to its natural features, features of a place or district, esp the position of its rivers, mountains, roads, buildings, etc
French Expression
n. topographie, configuration du terrain
Thesaurus
balteum, banding, extent, zone, profile, ambit, cord, distribute, region, terrain, range, variety from which to choose, ambit, boundary, verge, sector, point at which sth is ended, clear statement, limit or boundary, esp between types of work considered by trade unions to belong to workers in different trades, Half, volume, extent, extent, acreage, length, border, era, official ranking, end, circumscription, extent, duly, balustrade, fence, determinant, percentage, Parts, scale, allow, analogy, abstain, abnegate, scale, rising rung, classification, landform, geography, tract, maximality geography, Geomorphology