Latin name: tetraena mongolica maxim. Chinese name: Tetraena (diesel oil) La Dingke: zygophyllaceae Chinese Family Name: Zygophyllaceae Protection levels: national level to protect plants
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Endangered Status
Distribution: mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Wuhai City, Ih Ju League Etuoke Banner, Hangjinqi and Bayannur League Dengkou Xian. Allegedly Tetraena in the world found only a few scattered in Russia, Ukraine, parts of contiguous focus on the growth of Tetraena benefits only found in agricultural areas Shizuishan Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (North Street) trench around the northern tip of ephedra, Thus, in Ningxia have the appropriate Tetraena protected areas. Rare species. This species is also known as diesel oil, to the northwest and the Inner Mongolia Erdos Alashan unique to the eastern margin of the East good, constructive species in the region one. Tetraena burns easily, even in the fresh state, the fire is also very busy. Over the years, local people used as a combustion material, some local industries (such as brick, burnt lime, coke) are also used to use it for fire wood. Therefore, the damage was enormous, and its distribution area has been shrinking, are endangered. Born in elevation 1000--1300 meters.
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Morphology
Tetraena deciduous shrubs, 30-50 cm tall, multi-branched, rounded leaves, green, dripping, on the raw root ganglia with white hair root, shiny or soft wool, fluffy leaves, Yuan Huhu, like It is such a "cute panda-like" appearance in the wilderness can be regarded as a plant's "beauty." 1-2 years old branches greyish yellow or yellowish brown, densely white T hair. Even-pinnate, in the long branches of the students, clustered on short branches; leaflets 2, sessile, the raw leaves in a very short axis, succulent, oblanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, the two masks hair, a long 3 to 8 mm, apex suddenly, base cuneate, margin entire; stipules membranous. Flowers bisexual, solitary or 1-2 axillary flowers born on the spur; sepals 4, oblong, about 3 mm long, T Mao, persistent; flowers identified 4, white or yellowish white, obovate, about 4 mm, base with claw; stamens 8,2 arranged transportation, the outer four short, round 4 in long, flower wire based Department has membranous appendages; a faceplate; carpels 4, 4 ovary deeply lobed, hair, style single, filiform, with deeply lobed ovary was born in the base 4. Deeply lobed capsule 4, each lobes slightly curved, 5-7 mm long, 2 a 3 mm wide, with a seed inside, yellow when ripe; Seed without endosperm.
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Ecological and biological characteristics
Distribution of climate characterized by cold winters, hot summer continental strong. Average annual temperature is about 9 ℃, extreme maximum temperature of 39 ℃, extreme minimum temperature of -32 ℃, day and night temperature and the poor. Drought, is about 150 mm of annual rainfall, mostly concentrated in 6,7,8 months, evaporation far exceeds precipitation. Diesel oil for the xeric shrub steppe desert is the one of constructive species. Well developed root system, multi-born stone of low mountains, high plains and sandy and gravelly alluvial fans and other places, the surface covered with gravel or sand, sandstone bedrock, the soil is gray desert soil. Chai desert in the oil, the main accompanying plant has yellow red sand reaumuria trigyna maxim., Red sand r. soongorica (pall.) maxim., Salsola passerina salsola passerina bunge, King zygophyllum xanthoxylum (bunge) maxim. And so on. Flowering from May to June, fruit from August to September.
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Conservation value
Diesel oil is a relict species, as a single species of endemic plants, belonging to Zygophyllaceae, but the morphological characteristics and the main gold production in South America Division malpighiaceae relatives Formosa, reflecting it with the ancient Mediterranean flora links , has some scientific value. In addition, the oil there is a certain economic value of wood. Because the normal flowering mongolica was only 11% so that he can bear seeds and only 1% germination success, coupled with a large number of local factories serious pollution to the fatal injury mongolica.
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Protection measures
Chai distribution in the oil region, the local government and forestry departments have drawn up the relevant legislation for the protection of vegetation is prohibited for land reclamation and slashing wasteful of fuel. In addition, the protection of vegetation also organized professional team. After these measures, the protection of local vegetation played a certain effect. However, the oil-diesel-fueled phenomenon also occurs from time to time, therefore, recommended the establishment of origin in the concentrated nature reserves, the oil wood protected the rare plants, and its in-depth research and expansion of cultivation.
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Cultivation Techniques
With seed propagation.
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Endangered Status
Tetraena (TetraenamongolicaMaxim), Zygophyllaceae, is a deciduous shrub steppe desert of the strong drought plants, is 1.4 billion years ago the ancient Mediterranean relict species. Mainly distributed around the world and the surrounding areas in Wuhai, multi-born stone of low mountains, gravel plains and high quality alluvial fans, etc., is currently the only remaining 1 million hectares, is classified as national level to protect plant, the world's called "panda plant." The main distribution mongolica to Wuhai winter cold, summer heat, a strong continental climate, the average annual rainfall is only 150 mm, the groundwater level is very low, very few plant species, Tetraena can survive such harsh conditions East now, a miracle.
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Grass Wikipedia
Grass family name Zygophyllaceae Forage Latin name Zygophyllaceae English name Caltrop Family Forage Science Grass is a generic name Tetraena Grass is a latin name Tetraena Maxim. Grass is the English name Tetraena Natural grass Tetraena Grass generic Tetraena mongolica Maxim. English name Mongolian Tetraena grass Grass picture Geographical distribution Tetraena (alias oil diesel, four-winged) distribution is very small, from west to Inner Mongolia, China Hangjinqi Wuhai Shizuishan Yellow River to the area, and the low hills north of Helan Mountain. Endemic to the area. Morphological characteristics of small shrubs. High 40 to 60 cm. Multi-branched from the base, bending; old branches dark purple or brownish red, the skin smooth, shiny, yellow and white one year old branches, was fork-like hair. Stipules ovate, membranous; leaves clustered near the old branches, in the annual two branches, subsessile, oblanceolate, 5 to 7 mm long, 2 to 3 mm wide, apex acute, with short thorns, two close by Fu Sheng forked hair, greyish green. Flowers 1 to 2 was born in the short branches; sepals 4, about 3 mm; petals 4, white, about 3 mm; stamens 8, longer than the petals. If four points crack, fruit long oval or crescent-shaped flap, flat sides, skew, about 6 mm long, forked hair. Biological and ecological characteristics Tetraena as a more low, strong branches of small shrubs. Wood hard and brittle, the growth of its branches for 21 years only 4.4 mm thick radius. Because it is resistant to burning, people call it "oil diesel." Leaves succulent, rich, with the branches more closely together constitute the strains of cluster. April germination, flowering in June, 7 to August results, seeds mature in September, 9 at the end of fruit drop, leaves begin to turn yellow. Tetraena xerophyte as a strong, just born in steppe desert zone. From its very narrow distribution of view, the region temperatures are higher than the surrounding area, distribution area accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ 3000 ℃ were more close to warm temperate climate, and the distribution area is in the warm climate around the . Description Tetraena in its evolution, in addition adapted to cold winter, but also retains its Mediterranean coast of ancient relict species composition of tropical temperature trend characteristics. It often grows in rocky and gravelly desert calcium soil, dry soil habitats, barren, according to an analysis of soil samples from 0 to 24 cm soil organic matter content of only 0.34% or so. Tetraena desert grasslands of China's Alxa constructive species of vegetation, but also as the dominant species or associated species appear.