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Mysterious overnight Guge dynasty in the history of 300 years ago disappeared, leaving only those records of our glorious ancient lattice site of cultural and artistic achievements.
Just 15 years ago, ancient cell for many people is a strange term. But since 1985, the Tibet Autonomous Region will be organized paper tube expedition launched a series of harvest in this great archaeological work after 350 years the demise of the kingdom suddenly appear in people's field of vision, and attract more and more travel persons.
Past ten years continuously around the Guge ruins unearthed sculpture, statues and murals unveiled the mystery of Guge Kingdom.
Guge mostly gold and silver sculptures of Buddhist statues, which is known as the highest achievements of Guge Silver Eye of the statue. The largest number of relics, the most complete of its murals. Guge murals mighty and unique style, comprehensively reflect all aspects of social life at that time. Painted outstanding character, a pen succinct, full dynamic female characters, especially representative. The geographical location and by many foreign cultural influences, the art of the Guge style with obvious characteristics of Kashmir and Gandhara Art.
Guge rich in gold and silver, in Tuolin Si, Sapporo let the skin have been discovered on the Central East Ga juice of a gold and silver by writing books, and unearthed a great number. This book is the text written by a slightly green blue in the black paper, a row of gold juice, juice of a row with silver writing, to be added level of luxury.
Guge Kingdom Ruins is one of the first batch of key cultural relics protection. Now the site from the foothills to the summit more than 300 meters high, and mud everywhere, the same color as the buildings and tunnel kilns, except for a few temples, all the houses have collapsed roof, leaving only the next round after round of walls. Site built outside the walls, corners with towers. Built on the ruins of a small hill of soil, construction at the upper, middle and lower layer, followed by the palace, temples and residential areas. Hongmiao, and reincarnation Baimiao carving statues and murals of the temple no shortage of quality. Guge around the important sites around the capital also East Ga, Ahmedabad, leather Central, Hong Zi, which have a large number of cultural relics.
History
The predecessor of the Guge dynasty can be traced back to the Shang-Shung country, establishment of dynasty probably start from the 9th century, the unified Tibet plateau established after the collapse of the Tubo Dynasty, to the end of the 17th century, before and after the 16 hereditary king. It is the Tibetan royal descent in the Tibetan areas in Western regional regime established by Ali, when the height of its rule over the scope of Ali throughout the country. It is not only a continuation of Tibetan descent, but also after the collapse of Buddhism in Tibet to re-gaining a foothold, and thus gradually to reach its peak. Therefore, Guge Kingdom in Tibet, the history of great significance.
Lang Darma last Tsenpo Tubo Dynasty period, the suppression of Buddhism temple destroyed, many monks Yuandun Ali asylum. Ali is located in the western border, by the great food, Indian influence, plus is the birthplace of Bon, it has become all kinds of ideas, the gathering of the land forces. 843 AD by a monk in the assassination of Lang Darma, civil war flared up, four years after the civilian uprising, the collapse of the Tubo Dynasty. Size has had appeared after 7 kingdom, Tibet had long been in the Military Governors Separatist.
Lang Darma Aosong two sons Dan and cloud fight each other for battle royal, the son of Tony Aosong test like the rebels killed a slave, the son of Tony Kidd test like Nima Gun see the hopeless situation, conceding, then with three ministers and more than 100 people, they go to Ali, and married the daughter of the local headman. Majid Ali, Nima Gun will later be split into three, 3 packet to his son, the third son of tride Gun Guge Kingdom that the manor.
17th century, civil unrest in the Guge Dynasty, the king's younger brother, please Ladakh force to attack the palace, dynasty was overthrown. After the fall of the ancient cells, and Ruladake (now Kashmir) for some time, after the Dalai Lama, the Tibetan local government headed back again.
The rule of Guge Kingdom Centre Zada Sutlej (Tibetan for the Langqin zangbo) River, north, on land, the most northern boundary up to the current Kashmir Sinuo Wu Mountain, south India, west Lada gram (now Indian-occupied Kashmir), the most eastern foothills of its sphere of influence once reached Gangdese. Sapporo is the capital to prevent its Zanda County in the west coast 18 km Sutlej. Hong Zi let Sapporo north, Hong Pakistan, East Ga, skin central site to the west of the more fragrant, south of Ahmedabad, Mana, music sites, such as dragons, are of considerable size.
Buddhism advocates the Guge dynasty, many sent to Kashmir by the school, translating Buddhist scriptures 108, may benefit Buddhism, dynasty after hundreds of years is not bad. 1042, the Indian monk Atisha preaching to Ali area, making Ali a revival of Buddhism, the Buddhist texts called "on the road preaching."
Guge in Tibet's economic and cultural development plays an important role in the history, when many important ancient Buddhist teachings in India, is spread to Tibet from the hinterland of the region here, this is also an important ancient trading port of Tibet's foreign trade is one.
Line
Along the path from the foot of the entrance walk, first through the four ancient temple, which Hongmiao, Baimiao, Tara Temple Hall and reincarnation. There is a hilltop temple shrine, to visit the temple door to be opened by the staff. The temple holds many fine murals, paintings, still shining on the living symbol of light, dazzling. Baimiao several temple to the largest, called "Lacan Gabo." Some holes in the mud kiln size of dinner plates lying Buddha India "wipe" is when the monks built to do this. It is said that in addition the soil, but also mixed a lot of sacred objects.
Hongmiao Baimiao and approximately the same area, about 300 square meters, the temple walls painted over a mural of different themes. White temple has an ancient Tibetan king Tsenpo cell lineage and ancient frescoes, very precious. Hongmiao the most striking is a 1038 Italian Shiv Ali king of ancient India to greet the master Atisha Buddhist mural paintings in a group of dancers dance, next to the number one hit advocate, vivid and lifelike. Although these paintings after a lapse of several centuries, the color is still bright.
There are two tunnels connecting the mountainside, through the Peak. Channel north edge of the cliff, still piled a lot of pebbles, remnants of the traces of that year against the enemy. Through the edge channels, again north line, a ground-up position, the remaining walls of the courtyard, is the current procedure of the king's palace.
Top of the main part of the guardian temple murals Shuangxiu mostly Buddhist tantric sex, forceful style, with strong color. Murals vividly demonstrates the bottom of the pain of hell, all kinds of criminal sight. Trim is a long row of dozens of naked dakini, feminine elegance, Yitaiwanfang, no one similar.
In the top of the site, there is an inconspicuous door, the door has a small card - "Winter Palace." Deep within the mountains along the steps can be. The channel is very steep mountain, only one person down. After tens of meters down the cave opening to expand, the size of dozens of houses, the majority of only 1.8 meters high. The outermost layer of breathable, light, similar to the terrace, more open. Here is the result of the Guge king of the land of the winter cold, but now there is nothing in the.
Turn back the mountain, around the three temples, a dozen holes in the kiln, which also harbors ancient weapons such as shields, armor, swords and machetes and the like. Dry weather, so that these artifacts intact.
Cells from the county road to the ancient hill, there a one walls, which also belongs to the ancient frame of the scene.
Guge ruins next to the janitor (which can lead the way to janitor) to the foot of the mountain home about 10 minutes walk to the mummified hole. Mummy is located in a rock wall below the hole, the hole about 2 meters off the ground, humble. Very spacious inside, tens of meters deep, filled with headless mummy. Most end of the tunnel is rumored Lama, next is the children, followed by women and men. The dry climate, the body is not completely corrupt, exudes a kind of smell. Hole on the mummy legend there are many kinds, the most credible way of saying is: When the Guge defeat, Ladakh will rather die than surrender to the Guge soldiers chopping off the head, while the bones were dumped in the hole. |