South America blue shrimp (penaeus stylirostris) belongs to Arthropoda, Crustacea, Decapoda, suborder swimming, shrimp Branch, shrimp genus, subgenus vannamei. Close to its biological characteristics vannamei, also known as red in the forehead on the taxonomy of shrimp. Maximum body length of 11.6cm, the minimum length of 9.4cm, the average weight of 16.4 g / tail. Natural distribution in Latin America's Pacific coast, mainly along the coast of Mexico. In 2000 the introduction of our culture. South America blue shrimp with fast growth, breeding cycle is short, anti-disease ability, euryhaline, suitable high temperature resistance, low dissolved oxygen, food requirements of low protein content, the economic value of higher benefits, can adapt to the climatic conditions of China's coastal areas, is excellent replacement shrimp species. Delicious shrimp, crustaceans harder, more protective. Stamina, stand away from the water a long time than vannamei, suitable for long-distance transport. [Biology] 1, morphology, South America, the blue shrimp shells thin, white or slightly yellow body, black body with small round flower points, two long to be pink, to be about the length of the 2 • 5 times as long, pointed rostrum, and the upward tilt, on the edge of the eight teeth, the lower edge of four teeth. 2, habits (1) blue-water shrimp in South America for the optimum growth temperature 20-28 ℃, 10 ℃ feeding is not normal, 8 ℃ basic non-feeding. Water temperature exceeds 32 ℃, when its growth adversely. (2) salinity in South America is a euryhaline blue prawn shrimp, fresh water can also grow, and the optimum salinity range of 5 ‰ -25 ‰. (3) PH value to adapt the range of 7 • 6-8 • 6, the optimal range of 8 • 0-8 • 5. (4) dissolved oxygen in water dissolved oxygen requirement greater than 4 mg / l, not less than 2 mg / liter. (5) Ammonia 0 • 2 mg / liter. (6) Hydrogen sulfide 0 • 1 mg / liter. (7) transparency of 30-60 cm. 3, molting and growth of shrimp farming 4-6 days pre-moult once a month, who started a lot of shell around the shrimp will ,60-80 days to reach the product specifications. 4, the feeding habits of South America, the blue shrimp are omnivorous animals, requirements for feed protein content than the Japanese shrimp, black tiger shrimp is low, like cluster activities during the day, all night feeding. [Technology] to develop 1, site _select_ion available in most parts of coastal aquaculture, with a fresh supply of sand at the bottom and build the pool as well. 2, clear pond disinfection manual or mechanical dredging, the use of high-pressure spray gun repeatedly washed white sand to the bottom of the pond. 30-40 cm of water into the use of bleaching powder, such as formalin or chlorine dioxide in either of disinfectants poison pond. If the bottom acidic, need to add lime to vote 50-100 kg / acre, if wild trash fish to be added tea bran 10 kg / mu. 3, to develop basic food into fresh water about 1 meter, or a quaternary ammonium disinfectant with chlorine dioxide disinfection, and then applied into fertilizer, water and other inorganic fertilizer plant growth hormone, may be applied if necessary treated by disinfection organic fertilizer. Color to yellow-green or dark brown as well, transparency 30-60 cm, PH value control in the 8 • 0-8 • 6. 4, shrimp fry stocking _select_ group _select_ion and development of neat, individual large, smooth surface, the muscles are not opacity, responsive to external stimuli, dynamic and strong, disease-free, length 1 • 0 cm or more. South America blue shrimp survival rate is generally higher, so stocking densities extensive pool put 1-1 • 5 万 seedlings / acre, intensive pond 3 • 5-4 • 5 万 seedlings / acre can be. Fangmiao water before the water quality should be fine, and the shrimp pond water and strive to close. 5, the management of water environment quality is directly related to the growth and survival of shrimp, shrimp manage a pool of water must be raised a good one. Weekdays should always test the water environment indicators, according to the need for appropriate water changes, applied drugs. Usually 15-20 days regularly disinfected with chlorine dioxide or a quaternary ammonium salt, herbs after the vote photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus, holes and other useful acid bacteria strains, and often applied some lime, black, zeolite powder and water quality protection agent. Throughout the breeding process to avoid water mutations, water transparency remained at 30-50 cm, PH value control in 8 • 0-8 • 5, and in the breeding process according to the growth and development of shrimp can be added in the appropriate feed Some nutritional additives (such as garlic, vitamin C, fish oil, etc.), or some of the prevention of bacterial, viral drugs to ensure healthy and normal growth of shrimp, usually 60-80 days to achieve product specifications. Also worth mentioning is the South American blue shrimp with euryhaline characteristics, about one month after the raceway proper pumping can dilute the pollution of freshwater aquaculture. Dilute the culture has three distinct advantages: First, add clean water, fresh water for farming, to avoid pumping water into the ponds when the virus; second is due to lower salinity, could boost the South American blue-shelled shrimp growth, accelerated growth speed; third is in a certain range of low salinity water to control bacteria, viruses multiply and spread, thereby reducing the shrimp disease. [Disease Control] Blue shrimp in South America in addition to some common diseases to be broken, bad eyes, red legs and other symptoms, there are some symptoms are less than in South America outside the blue shrimp to see. One is the first in the culture, the occurrence of chronic mid-term (and therefore symptoms of the new varieties, and the first time to see, have not been able to determine what specific disease), liver and pancreas symptoms are pink, floating on the water alone slow travel, empty stomach, jejunum. Approach is to change the water, disinfection, good water transfer facilities viable, and sand mixed in the feed star, antibiotic resistance and toxicity of some drugs fed, treated will gradually return to normal. There is also a Jirou whitish disease, which in the hot season Rongyi appeared in the hot season of South America Lan shrimp water quality poor or frightened interference, the body was Jingluan Zhuang, two close together, ventral abdomen Xiang bend a short Jirou Bai Cloud can not return to normal death. Prevention measures are not breeding the species in the hot season, and adjusted the water to avoid interference with shock. [Description] edge features (compared with P. vannamei) A low temperature culture (listed earlier) 2 to facilitate the transport of finished shrimp (survival rate) 3 anti-virus capability (not easy to get sick) 4 farming requires low energy by low dissolved oxygen environment (physical good) 5 large size (larger size) 6 fresh meat (good taste)
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Biology
1, morphology, South America, the blue shrimp shells thin, white or slightly yellow body, black body with small round flower points, two long to be pink, to be about the length of the 2 • 5 times as long, pointed rostrum, and the upward tilt, on the edge of the eight teeth, the lower edge of four teeth. 2, habits (1) blue-water shrimp in South America for the optimum growth temperature 20-28 ℃, 10 ℃ feeding is not normal, 8 ℃ basic non-feeding. Water temperature exceeds 32 ℃, when its growth adversely. (2) salinity in South America is a euryhaline blue prawn shrimp, fresh water can also grow, and the optimum salinity range of 5 ‰ -25 ‰. (3) PH value to adapt the range of 7 • 6-8 • 6, the optimal range of 8 • 0-8 • 5. (4) dissolved oxygen in water dissolved oxygen requirement greater than 4 mg / l, not less than 2 mg / liter. (5) Ammonia 0 • 2 mg / liter. (6) Hydrogen sulfide 0 • 1 mg / liter. (7) transparency of 30-60 cm. 3, molting and growth of shrimp farming 4-6 days pre-moult once a month, who started a lot of shell around the shrimp will ,60-80 days to reach the product specifications. 4, the feeding habits of South America, the blue shrimp are omnivorous animals, requirements for feed protein content than the Japanese shrimp, black tiger shrimp is low, like cluster activities during the day, all night feeding.
Translated by Google
Develop technology
1, site _select_ion available in most parts of coastal aquaculture, with a fresh supply of sand at the bottom and build the pool as well. 2, clear pond disinfection manual or mechanical dredging, the use of high-pressure spray gun repeatedly washed white sand to the bottom of the pond. 30-40 cm of water into the use of bleaching powder, such as formalin or chlorine dioxide in either of disinfectants poison pond. If the bottom acidic, need to add lime to vote 50-100 kg / acre, if wild trash fish to be added tea bran 10 kg / mu. 3, to develop basic food into fresh water about 1 meter, or a quaternary ammonium disinfectant with chlorine dioxide disinfection, and then applied into fertilizer, water and other inorganic fertilizer plant growth hormone, may be applied if necessary treated by disinfection organic fertilizer. Color to yellow-green or dark brown as well, transparency 30-60 cm, PH value control in the 8 • 0-8 • 6. 4, shrimp fry stocking _select_ group _select_ion and development of neat, individual large, smooth surface, the muscles are not opacity, responsive to external stimuli, dynamic and strong, disease-free, length 1 • 0 cm or more. South America blue shrimp survival rate is generally higher, so stocking densities extensive pool put 1-1 • 5 万 seedlings / acre, intensive pond 3 • 5-4 • 5 万 seedlings / acre can be. Fangmiao water before the water quality should be fine, and the shrimp pond water and strive to close. 5, the management of water environment quality is directly related to the growth and survival of shrimp, shrimp manage a pool of water must be raised a good one. Weekdays should always test the water environment indicators, according to the need for appropriate water changes, applied drugs. Usually 15-20 days regularly disinfected with chlorine dioxide or a quaternary ammonium salt, herbs after the vote photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus, holes and other useful acid bacteria strains, and often applied some lime, black, zeolite powder and water quality protection agent. Throughout the breeding process to avoid water mutations, water transparency remained at 30-50 cm, PH value control in 8 • 0-8 • 5, and in the breeding process according to the growth and development of shrimp can be added in the appropriate feed Some nutritional additives (such as garlic, vitamin C, fish oil, etc.), or some of the prevention of bacterial, viral drugs to ensure healthy and normal growth of shrimp, usually 60-80 days to achieve product specifications. Also worth mentioning is the South American blue shrimp with euryhaline characteristics, about one month after the raceway proper pumping can dilute the pollution of freshwater aquaculture. Dilute the culture has three distinct advantages: First, add clean water, fresh water for farming, to avoid pumping water into the ponds when the virus; second is due to lower salinity, could boost the South American blue-shelled shrimp growth, accelerated growth speed; third is in a certain range of low salinity water to control bacteria, viruses multiply and spread, thereby reducing the shrimp disease.
Translated by Google
Disease control
Blue shrimp in South America in addition to some common diseases to be broken, bad eyes, red legs and other symptoms, there are some symptoms are less than in South America outside the blue shrimp to see. One is the first in the culture, the occurrence of chronic mid-term (and therefore symptoms of the new varieties, and the first time to see, have not been able to determine what specific disease), liver and pancreas symptoms are pink, floating on the water alone slow travel, empty stomach, jejunum. Approach is to change the water, disinfection, good water transfer facilities viable, and sand mixed in the feed star, antibiotic resistance and toxicity of some drugs fed, treated will gradually return to normal. There is also a whitish muscle disease, which is prone to the hot season, the blue shrimp in the hot season in South America due to poor water quality or interference by the shock, the body was spasm-like, two together, to the ventral abdomen bending, a short white muscle Cloud can not return to normal death. Prevention measures are not breeding the species in the hot season, and adjusted the water to avoid interference with shock.
Translated by Google
Advantage of the characteristics described
(Compared with P. vannamei) A low temperature culture (listed earlier) 2 to facilitate the transport of finished shrimp (survival rate) 3 anti-virus capability (not easy to get sick) 4 farming requires low energy by low dissolved oxygen environment (physical good) 5 large size (larger size) 6 fresh meat (good taste)