Qing government's main new navy. In 1874 the Qing government planning Haiphong. The following year supervision order Li Hai Phong, offering Naval Academy, the purchase of foreign warships, and Weihai Port Arthur construction of Guards in Hong Kong. The establishment of the Navy Yamen in 1885. Enacted in 1888, "Northern Navy charter", compiled the Northern Navy. Include the size of the vessels 25, men over four thousand people. Sino-Japanese War, the destruction of the Northern Navy.
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Establish background
While China's naval construction on track for a time, in May 1874 using the Okinawa Japan to Taiwan fishing boats drift in conflict with the local Gaoshan people as an excuse to send troops landed in Taiwan 3000, "For this to confirm Okinawa as Japanese territory," and thus invasion of Taiwan, the Qing government to send emergency Shen Bao Zhen rate "Alan", "Fubo" and other ships to Taiwan, due to both poor troops, awed by the power of the Qing, the Japanese army forced to flee to Taiwan. Because Japan was just a big country look down on the DPRK behind the small country, while several foreign warships in the post was actually dared to violate the Qing empire, this incident shocked the whole nation made China, the Qing government began to feel that Japan "will China permanent scourge, "Christine Prince made" training, simple device, shipbuilding, raise rates, employment, sustainable "and 26 of the emergency unit should, the former governor of Jiangsu Ting that" the proposed ocean navy "statute into play recommended the establishment of Sanyo Navy, Li have proposed temporarily abandoned customs, lovers of Haiphong. Concerted effort in the Westernization of the "coastal" and on the overwhelming "anti-Serbian", the Qing Government's determination to accelerate the construction of the Navy. On May 30, 1875 ordered by the Shen Bao Zhen and Li points either north-south foreign minister to expedite construction of north-south ocean navy, and decided a year from customs and likin Nanyang Minister Shen Bao-zhen total tax department Hart revenue extracted four million taels of silver as a naval military , from foreign decomposition uses, Nanyang Minister Shen Bao-zhen from the overall situation, saying that "off the coast of the Northern navy was founded to be the first to make appropriate, per the strength of thin and success inevitably slow," taking into account the Chinese Qing government was the main adversary in Japan, Shen Zhen Bao then adopted the recommendations of the first creation of a Northern army, and other northern naval strength, the "to one of three, into a Sanyo Navy," decided to give priority to construction of the Northern Navy, of the Army of Northern Road to begin.
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Building process
From 1875 to 1879, commissioned by the Northern Minister Li Secretary General of Hart (robert hart) from the British Armstrong (armstrong) Arsenal ordered the "Town", "Town," "Town," "Town" and 8 mosquito gun boat fleet for Moriguchi, and the other has ordered two cruisers "super-Yong", "festivals", followed by the discovery of Hart's warships ordered by the poor quality German-made warships Li Youci turn. After the Japanese annexation of Okinawa in 1879, the Qing government in view of urgency of the situation as soon as possible to buy ironclads Ji Ling Li, Li Xu Jianyin send Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau (scientist Xu Shou's son) and in the German Minister Lee Bong-shell access in European countries, the final _select_ion of the German V Erkeng (vulkan) shipyard custom-made two ironclads "given away", "Chen-yuan" and an armored cruiser "economy far", in order to ensure shipbuilding quality, Li mission had studied English, French, Liu Buchan, Wei Han, Chan Ao, Zheng Qing Lian Mill Supervision, who failed were required to re-rework, and sent round tube leading craftsmen led by student Lu Linqing yellow belt, Linxiang Guang Chen and Qing Mill along with 10 other practice period in the ship into the school has become. November 1879, ordered from the British Li to the "Town", "Town," "Town," "Town" mosquito gun ship after another home, the Northern ships the day, to the Qing court petitioned the Huai anonymous Admiral Ding Yu to stay in the Northern, the acting prefect. September 1881, October in the UK-made cruiser "festivals", "super-brave," mosquito gun ship "town", "town side" has also returned, the Northern navy shape, then petitioned for Li Admiral Ding Yu northern naval command, and to international standards and will be changed to a rectangular triangle navy flag navy flag. In the northern naval forces will become when the 1883 Sino-French War broke out because of fear of northern naval ironclads opened assist in the work back home, the French government to put pressure on Germany, about to return to "_set_ far", "Chen-yuan" stranded in Germany. Sino-French War ended in 1885, undefeated and defeated China, France and numerous wins, Fujian navy annihilated in this war. Qing government decreed immediately after the war "when the matter determined, the pedagogical, mainly from the Navy to promote peace and order" and the formal establishment of the Navy Yamen, read the appointment of Prime Minister Prince Yi Naval Affairs, Qing Jun Wang and Li co. The northern naval command again, the Army accelerated the speed, the same year, ironclad "given away", "Chen-yuan," cruiser "Jackie far," Xiang returned and the Anglo-German cooperation in all custom-made two new cruisers, 1887 ordered out "Zhiyuan", "Jingyuan", "by far", "to far" completed, ordered Li Deng Shichang, leaves ancestral Gui, Lin Yongsheng, Qiu Baoren then went overseas with, and drove back the motherland with the fall of 1887, bringing order out of all of China ships have been returned, together with the original self-made ships of the Northern Navy ships more than 50 ships total, for 5 million tons.
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Heraldic flag
Flag is a symbol of national army is an army honor lies. China when the Qing government and no modern sense of the national flag, flag, until September 1881 in the United Kingdom ordered "festivals", "super-brave" after returning two cruisers, and international standards for the approval of Li Qing court established by the flag, flag texture, color chapter. Years the flag of camlet texture, is yellow with blue mosaic camlet Ipomoea dragon, leading upward, into the size of the 4th, long a top cross-husband 5 feet 6 inches, 6 inches wide and ten feet 5 1; II horizontal length 1 husband 3 feet 9 inches wide and 9 feet 5 inches; 三号 cross ten feet long 1 1 6-5, W 7-6; 四号 horizontal length 9 feet 6 inches wide and 6 feet three inches. Admiral rectangular flag with a colored flag, Zhujiang rectangular with three-color flag, decorated with anchor-shaped corner.
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Off against
Prime Minister of the Navy Yamen off against the silver, the font for the Seal, 2 3-inch long, 2 inches wide, the text says, "Prime Minister Naval Affairs Yamen off against." (Off anti refers to the informal sector of the seal, rectangular, square to distinguish it from the seal, the use of inks of the relevant anti-purple, also known as purple seal)
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Medal
Ssangyong Po Sing the middle of inlaid precious stones have a different color, license issued to Po star winner (top 1, except for the first two), with the lid off anti-Yamen effect; awarded to the procedural requirements of manufacturing: the first second-Po Star awarded by the Yamen manufacturing, three, four, five stars and other treasure where petitioned reward, that is where the manufacturer was awarded according to style, still covered with the relevant anti-Yamen, issue licenses, to prepare for inspection.
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Bureaucracy
Into pipe band, Bangdai mate, torpedo mate, driving two, two firearms, three armed boats, sampans three, is shot Bian, sailors mastermind, auxiliary guns Bian, inspections, Explorer round, two , third-class tube round, deputy leader of the sailor, the first, second, third-class sailor, first and second pipe flags, torpedo head, first, second, third Stokes, second control module, the first and second oil pipe, a steam pipe, etc., painters, carpenters, lighting, boilers, guns, torpedoes and other craftsman, husband served, copy, cope officer, medical officer, first and second Duogong, first and second mine soldiers, first, second, third training Yong, learning to teach, students. PLA Navy admirals a _set_, command the army, stationed in Weihai. Taking part two, sub-left-right, the system iron ship, the leader of wing length. The following officer lieutenant, carried by ships to the size, severity of the ministry, do not rank their products. Taking part in the following Guan Chuan home, not to build Government Office. Lieutenant, five, participants will be four, guerrilla nine, all Division twenty-seven, garrison sixty, 1000 General sixty-five, the total ninety-nine, the system of assigned forty-three. Rank: are all systems, Dutong commanders, the Association are President, is participating collar, lead deputy participation, co-lead parameters are military, deputy military, military co-
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Military System
"The Army regulations are established by the prefect to be impartial discretion, reported Minister of the Northern nuclear run, the light demerits, severe demotion, dismissal, withdrawal of any of its other criminal and other things, by the prefect citing military regulations will be the first year of typical forty Yongzheng , taking into account any line of. The patrol also reading Jane, a small daily exercise, a monthly big parade. After the beginning of winter, Ge Jian went to Southeast Asia, and Nari, South Chen, Kaiji, mirror clear, Huan Tai, Paul co-operation of the public and other ships, patrol read Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, wide coastal strategic pass to the islands south of Singapore, protection of Chinese businessmen, and qualifications to practice. Each over three years, the Minister and the Northern Wangda Chen Chin sent out to sea Review, to be rewards and punishments. "
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Northern Navy warships
北洋海军 北洋水师军舰
Ship History Dingyuan ting yuen Displacement (tons) 7335 Captain (m) 90.98 Breadth (m) 19.5 Draft (m) 5.97 (Hp) 6200 Speed (knots) 14.5 Artillery 305mm * 4/150mm * 2/75mm * 4/47mm * 2/37mm cannon * 10 Torpedo 380mm * 3 / 2 艘 torpedo carrier Armored turret 355.6mm / lateral side of 304.8mm / deck 76.2mm / bridge 203.2mm Crew (persons) 331 Liu Buchan Pipe band Ship History Qing government to the German company Krupp-made "Saxon" first-class armored battleship improved ship. This type of ship's hull design with reference to the German "Sachsen" class, the configuration is drawing fire British "white British interest Fleming" class battleship of the main advantages. February 1881 in Germany stettin the vulcan 100 dock shipyard began building, tentatively named "the first iron ship." December 22, 1881 water, 1883 completed by the end, cost 1,699,500 two. As the Sino-French War, will be far-ship and ship Chen-yuan, Jiyuan ship until October 1885 before the Taku joined the Northern Division. August 1886 _set_ting, the town, six-ship visit in Nagasaki, Japan, and Japanese sailors ashore during the violent conflict has arisen, known as "Nagasaki incident." When the Sino-attended as the Northern Yellow Sea naval battle and the flagship Weihaiwei war, naval warfare was hit 159 bombs, 38 dead and 17 injured. 1895 February 04, broke into the harbor on the night was the first Japanese torpedo boat launch 9 torpedo hit the port side of the forced landing. February 9, Japanese troops occupied the fort was destroyed. 10 blew, Liu Buchan anger management with suicide. Dingyuan ship salvage in 1896 by the Japanese people, the steering wheel by the British thomas black glover (1838-1912) income, was hit by converted into a coffee table, placed in Nagasaki, Japan, Otemachi, Nanshan his waterfront house. In 1957 the house over to the club by the Mitsubishi Nagasaki city government, together with its near an area _set_ aside for the Glover Park (glover garden), then given away for years at the helm of this ship on display. Chen-yuan chen yuen Displacement (tons) 7335 Captain (m) 90.98 Breadth (m) 19.5 Draft (m) 5.97 (Hp) 6200 Speed (knots) 14.5 Guns (clear) 305mm * 4/150mm * 2/75mm * 4/47mm * 2/37mm cannon * 10 (Japan) 305mm * 4/152mm Su Shebao * 4/47mm * 10/37mm cannon * 2 Torpedo 380mm * 3 / 2 艘 torpedo carrier Armored turret 355.6mm / lateral side of 304.8mm / deck 76.2mm / bridge 203.2mm Crew (persons) 331 Tube with linte have Ship History Qing government to the German company Krupp-made "Saxon" improved sub-class armored battleship ship. Early 1882 in Germany stettin the vulcan 112 dock shipyard began building, tentatively named the "second iron ship." November 28, 1882 into the water, built in early 1884, cost 1,699,500 two. As the Sino-French War, will be far-ship and ship Chen-yuan, Jiyuan ship until October 1885 before the Taku joined the Northern Division. August 1886 _set_ting, the town, six-ship visit in Nagasaki, Japan, during the ship ashore Zhenyuan violent conflict has arisen with the Japanese sailors, known as "Nagasaki incident." When the Sino-war and took part in the Yellow Sea Weihaiwei war, naval warfare was hit 220 bombs, 28 people died and 13 injured. November 14, 1894 Chen-yuan in the mouth into the North Village, Weihai, unfortunately, ran aground, the management has consciously with linte dereliction of duty, commit suicide, by Yang Lin took over with duct tape. February 17, 1895 Zhenyuan ship was captured by the Japanese, on 27 February by the Port Arthur ship Atlantis pills drag Hangzhi. From March 26 to June 1 of the machine parts and hull repair. July 4, arrived in Yokosuka facelift weapons. March 16, 1895 was incorporated into the Japanese fleet. March 21 was listed as second-class battleship. Russo-Japanese War was incorporated into the 3rd Fleet No. 5 team, participated in the attack on Port Arthur and April 10, 1904 Battle of the Yellow Sea. May 27, 1905 to participate in battle of Tsushima. December 12, 1905 are classified as first-class coastal defense ship. April 1, 1911 Chu Ji, the latter as a target ship. April 6, 1912 in Yokohama disintegration. Zhenyuan ship disassembled, the left part of the anchor, anchor chain, shells, etc. are on display in Tokyo, Japan, Ueno Park, until after the victory by the Customs anti-smuggling ship meteor numbers, China Merchants Steam Navigation Longshun number back, now in the possession Beijing military museum, but there are still some relics left behind in Japan. Zhiyuan chih yuen Displacement (tons) 2300 Captain (m) 76.2 Breadth (m) 11.6 Draft (m) 4.88 (Hp) 7500 Speed (knots) 18 Artillery 210mm * 3/150mm * 2/57mm * 8/37mm cannon * 6 Torpedo 457mm * 4 Armor 50-100mm Crew (persons) 202 Tube with Deng Shichang Ship History August 4, 1885, Li received electric purpose, ordered him to press the "economy far" style and then ordered four cruisers. The day he Bianxiang in Europe Tseng Chi-tse and Xu Jingcheng transmitters, command their respective order in the country two cruisers. Which the British ambassador to the Minister Tseng Chi-tse that contact with the British Department of the Navy purchases ship matters, the British gave him two talking points, a discussion of "economic far" of the disadvantages that the ship eight defects, the British introduced a new design of the warships, the more "economy far" there are 10 advantages, it launched in 1884 with the British Chilean cruiser "爱斯米拉达" was very similar. So Tseng Chi-tse was made to the British Armstrong's custom-made two high-speed cruisers. Two ships from the Ming Lin Xun, Zhang positive, Qing Chen, and supervision. The "Zhiyuan" ship built in 1887, joined the Northern navy in November, cost 845,000 taels. Interest from the God machine operators by the Department of Jardine Matheson and the allocation of foreign money donations and Jianghai provinces, Zhejiang and Shanghai, Fujian and Shanghai three-level drug money to pay taxes determined. Since only the main parts of the turret and the ship is the use of armor protection, the rest were covered with iron, it is also known as the Northern Navy "semi-armored ship." June 25, 1888 Taiwan, Jia Wang FānShè rebellion, the siege of Puyuma Qing Camp. August 28, Ding Yu rate "Zhiyuan", "Jingyuan" arrived Puyuma, September 21 to help break Jia-Qing Wang. Cause, Jing, deputy head of a casualty total of the two ships, sailors injured eight. Zhiyuan ship participated in the September 17, 1894 in Yellow Sea battle, sea battle in the pipe band under the direction of Deng Shichang, fought bravely in the ammunition case report chime, Yoshino resolutely toward the ship date, unfortunately, was torpedoed and boiler sank at latitude 39 degrees 32 minutes east longitude 123 degrees 34 minutes of the sea, with the following tube 246 but he died, only seven people were rescued. After the war, the death of Deng Shichang shook the ruling and opposition parties, Guangxu Emperor heard of their heroic sacrifice too great, then personally give elegiac couplet, "Man this day play the world tears, there are enough strong naval prestige of public", but also for the poem goes: "City on the divinity extremely heavy artillery, military _set_backs in vain crown-owned theater; was no way to end Xu Yu; Zhiyuan deep first-hoon. " Jingyuan ching yuen Displacement (tons) 2300 Captain (m) 76.2 Breadth (m) 11.6 Draft (m) 4.88 (Hp) 7500 Speed (knots) 18 Artillery 210mm * 3/150mm * 2/57mm * 8/37mm cannon * 6 Torpedo 457mm * 4 Armor 50-100mm Crew (persons) 202 Tube with progenitor Gui Ye Ship History Ambassador to the United Kingdom by the Qing government to the British Minister of Tseng Chi-tse Armstrong's custom-made high-speed cruiser. 1887 completed in November to join the Northern Navy, cost 845,000 two, is the sister ship Zhiyuan ship. 1888 Jingyuan ship with the ship took part in the pacification of Taiwan Zhiyuan Wang Jia-fighting FānShè uprising. Jingyuan ship took part in the Yellow Sea battle and Weihaiwei war, naval warfare was hit 110 bombs, dead 2 injured 16 people. February 9, 1895, Jingyuan ship was the Japanese occupation of antlers mouth fort fired two shells hit the sink. Was salvaged in 1897 after dismantling. By far king yuen Displacement (tons) 2900 Captain (m) 82 Breadth (m) 12 Draft (m) 5 (Hp) 4400 Speed (knots) 15.5 Artillery 210mm * 2/150mm * 2/47mm * 2/37mm cannon * 5 Torpedo 457mm * 4 Armor 50-240mm Crew (persons) 202 Tube with Lin Yongsheng Ship History August 4, 1885, Li telephone order custom-made in Germany to Germany Minister Xu Jingcheng two cruisers. Xu Jingcheng shipyard immediately consult with the vulcan, seek to amend the "economy away" design flaws, such as a higher dome, increasing coal storage warehouse, enlarge the engine room. German made, new ships can be designed armored cruisers, which in addition to retain the original armored deck, the ship side at the waterline and then _set_ up a dressing area, this design comes from aa Popov of Russia, "Admiral" was armored ship. September 18, 1885, Xu Jingcheng shipyard agents Hake Si with vulcan ears he agreed order Clippers grass contract, signed on October 1 contract to the German shipyard custom-made stettin the vulcan two armored cruisers. Two ships have been cases by the Ying, Qiu Guoan, wearing yellow supervision. "By far" ship built in July 1887, after, to the two ships scheduled for the defense of Taiwan and Penghu, the latter retained the Northern, and in November the same year joined the Northern Navy, cost 865,000 taels. The ship participated in the Far September 17, 1894 Battle of the Yellow Sea, Battle of the tenacious fight, and finally lost, sunk at latitude 39 degrees 51 minutes east longitude 123 degrees 40 minutes 7 seconds of the sea, with the following tube 231 he died, 16 survived. To distant lai yuen Displacement (tons) 2900 Captain (m) 82 Breadth (m) 12 Draft (m) 5 (Hp) 4400 Speed (knots) 15.5 Artillery 210mm * 2/150mm * 2/47mm * 2/37mm cannon * 5 Torpedo 457mm * 4 Armor 50-240mm Crew (persons) 202 Tube with Qiubao Ren Ship History Qing Xu Jingcheng Minister to Germany by the German shipyard custom-made stettin the vulcan cruiser, is by far the sister ship ship. July 1887 completion, scheduled for the defense of Taiwan and Penghu, the latter retained the Northern, the Northern navy joined in November, cost 865,000 taels. To far-ship took part in the Yellow Sea in Sino Weihaiwei war and the war, naval warfare was hit 225 bombs, 13 dead 17 injured. At 4:00 on February 6th, 1895 attack on the Japanese team the first torpedo boat sank ships in the rear of the 30 people were killed. Jiyuan tsi yuen Displacement (tons) 2300 Captain (m) 72.1 Breadth (m) 10.37 Draft (m) 4.78 (Hp) 2800 Speed (knots) 15 Artillery 210mm * 1/150mm * 2/76mm * 4/37mm cannon * 9 Torpedo 380mm * 4 / 2 艘 torpedo carrier Armored turret 355.6mm / deck 101.6mm / 76mm waterline Crew (persons) 202 Tube with Fang Boqian Ship History Qing government to the German shipyard custom-made stettin the vulcan cruiser, originally as a "given away" class number three ship-made, after due to insufficient funds to build cruisers. June 6, 1883 launched, in August 1885 completed October of that year joined the Northern Navy, cost 620,000 taels. Jiyuan ship took part in the Sino Toshima sea, Yellow Sea battle and Weihaiwei war. Toshima naval battle in 40 dead and 13 wounded, the Battle of Yellow Sea was hit 15 bombs, 10 injured five people dead. After the tube with Fang Boqian sea chop as desertion, his successor tube with Lin Guoxiang. February 17, 1895 the Japanese captured. March 16, 1895 joined the Japanese Navy, Captain Saburo Hirao blessing. March 21, 1898 was listed as third-class coastal defense ship. November 30, 1904 Japanese attack on Port Arthur in the Russo-Japanese War battle at Port Arthur that is outside Yangtouwa longitude 121 degrees 04 minutes 50 seconds north latitude 38 degrees 50 minutes 30 seconds of sea mine sunk. Jiyuan ship on May 21, 1905 Chuji. The early 1980s, the authorities had organized far-ship salvage economy, the economy away after the water gun. 1986 National Tourism Administration to salvage $ 3 million for economic Optima, when the two salvage and 1988, total water before the main gun, Su Shebao, the main anchor, etc. more than 300 pieces of precious relics, the protection processing, display in China Sino Museum. Pingyuan ping yuen Displacement (tons) 2100 Captain (m) 59.1 Breadth (m) 11.85 Draft (m) 3.96 (Hp) 2400 Speed (knots) 14 Guns (clear) 260mm * 1/150mm * 3/47mm cannon * 8 (Japan) 260mm * 1/152mm Su Shebao * 2 / 3 lb Su Shebao * 8 Torpedo 457mm * 2 457mm * 4 Armored turret 203mm / gun covers 51mm / Deck 51mm / ammunition compartment Crew (persons) 145 Tubes with Li and Ship History Yong-chao yung super Displacement (tons) 1350 Captain (m) 67.1 Breadth (m) 9.68 Draft (m) 4.27 (Hp) 2400 Speed (knots) 15 Artillery 254mm * 2/120mm * 4/70mm * 2/47mm cannon * 4 Torpedo Armored turret 25.4mm / bridge 12.7mm / Deck 6.8mm Crew (persons) 137 Tube with Huang Jianxun Ship History The Qing Government to the British Armstrong's custom-made cruisers. The class ship was originally custom-made to the United Kingdom, Chile, China 2 sold after that super-Yong, won in number; sold to Japan, one that Chikushi number. Ultra-Yong ship on July 15, 1881 built, 22 November 1881 arrived at Taku, joined the Northern Division. Sino-French War, super-Yong, who won in the two ships together with 5 South Seas Naval reinforcements south Fujian Navy ship, but repulsed by the French fleet. Sino Super Yong attended the Yellow Sea battle ships, naval ships in the siege by the Japanese, unfortunately, war sink in longitude 123 degrees 32 minutes 1 second, 39 degrees 35 minutes north latitude and sea, killed 125 people. Won in yang wei Displacement (tons) 1350 Captain (m) 67.1 Breadth (m) 9.68 Draft (m) 4.27 (Hp) 2400 Speed (knots) 15 Artillery 254mm * 2/120mm * 4/70mm * 2/47mm cannon * 4 Torpedo Armored turret 25.4mm / bridge 12.7mm / Deck 6.8mm Crew (persons) 137 Lin Lu-tube with Ship History The Qing Government to the British Armstrong's custom-made cruisers. Is super brave sister ship ship. Won in ship on July 15, 1881 built, 22 November 1881 arrived at Taku, joined the Northern Division. Sino-French War, super-Yong, who won in the two ships together with 5 South Seas Naval reinforcements south Fujian Navy ship, but repulsed by the French fleet. Sino Super Yong attended the Yellow Sea battle ships, naval ships in the siege by the Japanese, will again be far from economic crash, eventually sank in longitude 123 degrees 40 minutes and 9 seconds, north latitude 39 degrees 39 minutes 3 seconds of the sea, killed 57 people.
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Northern Navy (see Qing navy)
Northern Navy (see Qing navy) Beiyang Navy Beiyang Haiiun Northern Navy (Be wonderful ang NaVy) Qing navy Main. 1870s raised by the Northern Minister Li Built in 1888 (fourteen years the Qing dynasty) into the military. Japan A Afternoon war destruction. See the late Qing navy.
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Containing Phrases
The qing danasty name for the coastal provinces of liaoning, hebei and shandong commander Jianchuanzhi
The qing danasty name for the coastal provinces of liaoning, hebei and shandong Commander carry (suspended) governor-general office
The qing danasty name for the coastal provinces of liaoning, hebei and shandong commander Army getup
