French feudal emperors palace. Versailles southwest of Paris. A French king's hunting village, to the 16th century palace, half of the 17th century by the alteration and extension to the existing scale of the formation of the 18th century. Covering 1.11 million square meters. Front of the palace gardens, palace and radial road of three parts. Body symmetry axis from east to west. Its grand style and sumptuous luxury, who has imitated the royal family in Europe at that time. Since 1837, opened up the French National Museum of History. 1919, "Versailles Peace Treaty" signed here.
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No. 2
After the Versailles garden free ticket prices, 14 euros Versailles Palace Opening hours 10:00 am to 05:00 pm, closed on Mondays Versailles express train traffic rer (c5) line, to versaillesrivegauche stop, then walk up to fifteen minutes. Versailles (versailles) located twenty kilometers west of Paris, built by Louis XIV, known for its unique buildings. This length of Europe's most luxurious palace, 580 meters, because it is a long time coming on stream, so the overall effect is poor. Its overall including castles, gardens, trianon churches and Mirror Hall (galeriedesglaces) and so on. The appearance of magnificent palaces, interior furnishings and decoration are also full of artistic charm. More than 500 magnificent Basilica of the small room, very luxurious. Multi-colored marble walls _set_ by the system, or brocade wall paper. Crystal Palace room, huge variety of hanging lamps, Chiung-chih jade leaves, crystal bright. The main palace walls and ceilings were covered with painted murals and the zenith, the main theme is the myth and the King record.
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Chronology
In 1624, King Louis XIII to buy the 10,000 Li Fuer area of 117 acres of Versailles France near the site of the forest, wasteland and swampy areas and the construction of a two-storey red brick building, as a hunting palace. Palace of Versailles at the time only has 26 rooms, one for the weapons storage room and library furniture, office, second floor, king, sleeping, meeting rooms, Tibetan clothing room, bedroom and other rooms entourage. The back of the palace and gardens of Versailles in 1660, Louis XIV visited the Chancellor of the Exchequer Falcon (Fouquet) in the fertile Viscount Castle (Chateau Vaux-le-Vicomte), its magnificent house and garden impressed by, when the royal family in the outskirts of Paris None of the palace can be compared with other. Thus, Louis XIV, not the anger of their duty, to corruption will be put into the Bastille Fukai, and ordered Wal-Vicomte castle architect Le Notre (André Le Nôtre) and the famous architect Love (Louis Le Vau ) to design the new palace. Louis XIV was the royal court had decided to move out because of rising public rebellion against the royal family against the noisy and chaotic city of Paris by Louis XIII decided to study trade-offs in the Versailles palace based on the construction of new hunting palace, and to this procurement 6.7 square kilometers of land. 1667, Le Notre designed Versailles gardens and fountains, Love in the hunting palace of the west, north and south side Tim build a new palace, the original hunting palace surrounded. The east facade of the original palace was retained as the main entrance, the construction of a marble courtyard (Marble Court). In 1674, architect Mengsha (Jules Hardouin Mansart) took over from Love Versailles project, he build a palace north and south wings, churches, stables, orchard and size of ancillary buildings, and the former palace built in the three radial Boulevard. In order to attract residents to the Versailles _set_tlement, the town of Versailles is also a large number of residential building and office space. To ensure the smooth construction of the Palace of Versailles, Louis XIV ordered within the 10-year nationwide ban on use of other new construction stone. October 6, 1789, Louis XVI was the French Revolution in the city of Paris, people rely on to Paris, then brought to the guillotine decapitation. Palace of Versailles, as the history of the French court to this end. During the next revolution in horror, Versailles was washed repeatedly swept people, the palace furnishings furniture, murals, tapestries, chandeliers and furnishings were looted items, the palace doors and windows were also smashed removed. 1793, Versailles palace of art and furniture are remnants of re-export to another art treasures of Paris city hall - the Louvre, Versailles Palace ruins. In 1833, King Louis Philippe of Orleans dynasty, ordered the restoration of Versailles, to read History.
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Architectural Features
Versailles Palace for the classical style building, the Palace of Versailles facades _set_ a standard classical face three-step treatment, the facade will be divided into vertical and horizontal three sections, symmetrical architecture, modeling profile neat, dignified and majestic, is called is the reason for the representatives of the United States. Baroque interior Zeyi its main hall is a small number of the Rococo style. Is a unique house in front of the "French style" garden, garden trees and plants ingenuity, people look and feel a beautiful. The buildings around the garden is world famous. It is classical and imperial gardens in China have very different styles. It is completely artificial polish, symmetry and geometry of great stress. If you give the appearance of Versailles magnificent feeling, then its interior furnishings and decor is more artistically attractive, luxurious interior decoration is extremely rich and beautiful is a major feature of the Palace of Versailles. More than 500 small room between the hall resplendent everywhere, luxury extraordinary: wall decorated with sculptures, huge paintings and tapestries based, superb styling with a 17-18 century, exquisite furniture. Marble House and the Hall of Mirrors is one of the most prominent of the two, in addition to the above mentioned interior decoration, the sun is also a common subject, because the sun is the symbol of Louis XIV. And sometimes weapons, armor appear together on the wall. In addition to employment as interior decoration, but also by the lion, eagle, giraffe and other animal images to decorate the room. Some of them into the stair railings with metal casting, and some gold-plated metal parts also, coupled with various colors of marble, it is extremely bright. In addition, as the ceiling arches like the Hall of Mirrors, there are flat, there are hemispherical dome on top in addition to painting but also relief. Chen placed anywhere intrauterine precious works of art from around the world, including fine porcelain in ancient China. Palace of Versailles, there are more than 1,400 fountains fountain water they spent even more than the whole of Paris, while Parisians are often due to lack of water when ill, many people would have just one more drop of water can be saved to one or two. King of the 30,000 soldiers in the construction of giant water of 14, composed of more than 200 pumps a big machine, you can water from the Seine to the fountain, but this machine often fail. Spent the entire construction process 3,000 construction workers, 6,000 horses - from construction workers to complete the rock work, horses to carry the thing. Even so, the construction or continued for a whole 47 years.
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Construction problems
However, the existence of the Palace of Versailles is also some construction issues. As the entire building is built of mud on the ground in valuables, some foundations will sink, so the construction workers who live and began to reluctantly Moreover, never can not get good wages. They have hundreds of people killed at work, and some died in accidents, some nearby marshes by moisture contamination, died of fever. Louis said this very sad, but he did not take any action, but to prohibit any person from instituting death and disability. Meanwhile, the excessive pursuit of grand luxury residence features make a very inconvenient. The palace is not a toilet or washing facilities, even the dauphin had to defecate in the bedroom fireplace, but that Louis XIV is probably nothing, because he only washed once a year. Horror chambers of Louis XV also that although it spacious and luxurious, but not warm. This is where the shortcomings of the Palace of Versailles.
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Historical value
The architectural style of Versailles caused Russia, Austria and other countries to follow the envy of the monarchy. Peter I built a summer palace outside St. Petersburg, Maria Theresa built in Vienna, Schönbrunn Palace, Frederick II and Frederick William II built Sanssouci in Potsdam, and the Bavarian King Ludwig Greece II palace built in Lake Helen Rahim (Schloss Herrenchiemsee) are modeled on the Versailles palace and gardens.
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Political activity
Initially in order to eliminate the powerful local aristocracy of France (such as holes on behalf of the Prince family) risk of separatism and insurgency, Louis XIV at Versailles immediately after the completion of the National Palace of Versailles mainly focused on noble living. From 1682 to 1789, the French political and diplomatic decision-making decision in the Palace of Versailles, Versailles became the de facto capital of France. In order to show the majesty of monarchy, Louis XIV and Louis XV was held in the palace scenes are often vast spectacular ceremony, party, parties, hunting and other recreational activities. 1751 Louis XV to celebrate the birth of the Duke of Burgundy Sun organized fireworks consumed 66 million Li Fuer fireworks, as the dauphin Louis XV in 1770 at the cost of up to 9,000,000 Li Fuer wedding. At its peak times - the late Louis XV and Louis XVI early, the cost of maintaining the palace of Versailles in France accounted for a quarter of revenue. However, these activities have received some results: Louis XIV ascended the throne before the forces strong, disaffected, often rebellious to the great lords of France has been extravagant Louis XIV's court life win over corruption, and even invited to the palace to live in Rong, scrambling to follow the King and palace etiquette, dress, fear of losing favor with the king. June 20, 1789, the French National Assembly hall was closed, the third meeting of representatives and some lower level monks, the radical elite gathering at the Palace of Versailles indoor tennis courts, signed the famous "Declaration of tennis," said oath, such as failed to draw up a written constitution in France, would never be dissolved. 1870 Franco-Prussian War, the Versailles Palace by the Prussian army. January 18, 1871 King William I of Prussia was crowned in the mirror hall Emperor of Germany the same year, February 26 at the Trianon Palace, where the big match with France Seoul signed a preliminary peace treaty. Check the Palace of Versailles after Thiers repression of the Paris Commune government action plan. June 28, 1919, the Allies in World War I in Germany in the Hall of Mirrors and signed the "Treaty of Versailles." June 4, 1920 in the Great Palace of Trianon with Hungary, the Kingdom signed a "Treaty of Trianon." In 1937, the Palace of Versailles as a museum open to the public. French President and the Prime Minister repeatedly held in the palace and gardens in the foreign affairs activities, to convene an international conference to sign international treaties.
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Famous landscape
Versailles 1789 Versailles major landscape plan focused on the main floor and gardens. Marble courtyard: the front entrance of the Palace of Versailles, is enclosed on three sides of a small square. The central building of the original Louis XIII's hunting for the palace, Louis XIV, with or without transformation, retain the original red brick walls, and to increase the marble sculptures and gold-plated trim. Garden ground with a red marble. A positive one for the courtyard Marie Antoinette's private room and salon, two-story dormitory for the king. Hercules Hall (Salon d'Hercule): two-story main building is located in the northeast corner of the junction with the north wing, Road connecting the north wing and the Royal Palace and the church. Louis XIV era, here is the royal chapel, later renamed the Office of the King interview. Venus Hall: Hall, also known as Venus. Office of the West in the harvest. Louis XIV, hall with pool table and a _set_ of sterling silver casting, precision carve furniture. The furniture was later cast molten silver, to compensate for the expenditure of the Spanish Succession war. Diana Hall: Hall, also known as Luna, is located north of the main building on the second floor, the Office of the West of Venus, the walls decorated with a variety of fine porcelain. Mars Hall: Hall, also known as Ares or Mars Hall, Diana Hall in the west. Alderaan on the ceiling painting "God of War Yu-wolf chariot drivers." Both ends of the hall fireplace marble platform, has arranged a pool table. Bourbon king during the regular convening of the court in this music or gambling licenses will be. Apollo Hall Mercury Hall: Mercury, also known as Yu-bed room or hall, in the Mars room of the West. Chamber has a large bed, surrounded by silver railings, and had a silver big clo_set_. Around the walls with gold and silver brocade. An Rugong Louis XIV's youngest son Christopher (who later became King Philip V of Spain) had lived. Apollo Hall: also known as the Office of the sun god, the Office of the French king's throne. Beautiful layout very luxurious, gilded carved on the ceiling light relief, the wall is deep red velvet, gold and silver trim, central casting for the silver throne, 2.6 meters high, covered with dark red Persian carpet in the high platform above. As self-proclaimed Louis XIV "Sun King", so the main hall of the Versailles palace are named after planets around the Sun. The location of the second floor of the hall and corresponding to the first floor of the north side of the French princess living suites. War Room (Salon de la Guerre): the northwest corner of the main building, the Apollo Hall of the west, north and west sides of the garden facing the south, leading to the Hall of Mirrors. Hall decorations completed by the Mengsha and Le Brun, Louis XIV, mainly reflecting the conquest of Spain, Germany, Netherlands and other merits of the painting. Louis XIV gilt fireplace riding on top of the relief image. Hall of Mirrors Peace Hall (Salon de la Paix): the southwest corner of the main building, south of the Hall of Mirrors, the one room, decorative style similar to the Hall of Mirrors, but the painting on the fireplace theme of "creating the King Louis XV suite make peace." Like the Roman emperors decorated hall, the lion, emblem of France, and the theme of the Kingdom of Navarra. King Suite: Located in the main building to the east of the old hunting palace of Louis XIII within. Central to the king's bedroom contained gold and red brocade embroidered canopy bed, enclosed by a gold barrier, the ceiling is called the "guardian of the king of France sleep" great relief. Here is the center of the political activities of the Palace of Versailles, where the ceremony was held to get up early pilgrimage, Hajj and greet the evening ceremony. Palace north of the small conference room, south hall for the bull's-eye, named after the king of the bedroom door leading to the shape of the skylight above the bull's-eye is a noble prince and minister-designate to see places. East of bovine Hall waiting for the big room and see the guard room. Queen Bedroom Queen Suite: Located in the south of the main building, including the queen bedroom, private queen room, queen ante rooms, palace women back room, guard room, the seven queen rooms. Queen suite downstairs for the dauphin Suite (Apartment du Dauphin) Theatre: From Louis XV ordered the construction, located in the North Wing. Designer Gabriel (Ange Jacques Gabriel). Theatre 26 meters deep, 22 meters wide, can accommodate 750 spectators, its more than 3,000 candles lighting needs. October 2, 1789 at the theater last performed in honor of Louis XVI, king of Flanders provoke protective guard. During the Paris Commune in 1871, the Government of the National Conference of Versailles was located here. Church: the southern tip of buildings in the North Wing, built in 1700, Louis XIV said that the church is dedicated to St. Louis. Louis XIV built Versailles to beat Spain in the momentum Escurial house (monastery, the palace building complex), but not arranged in the main axis of the church, and reflects the period of Louis XIV of France , has been higher than the divine right of kingship. Louis XV, Prince Louis (the dauphin Louis XV), Louis XVI, Count of Provence (Louis XVIII) and the Earl of Artois (Charles X) have the wedding in the church. War Gallery: In the South Wing building group. The residence of the Prince and Prince worked. Number of exhibited paintings of war subjects, such as "Napoleon crossing the Alps," "Victory Poitiers", "Rivoli campaign," "Henry IV into Paris," and so on. Garden garden: the existing area of 100 hectares, the Poseidon fountain as the center and north of the Radon Na main fountain, a citrus orchard south of the main building and greenhouse. There are 1,400 garden fountains, and a 1.6 km long artificial cross the Grand Canal. Louis XIV was arranged on the canal boat for naval show, or the layout of gondolas and gondoliers, imitation Venetian canal scene. Gardens and forests, flower diameter, greenhouse, colonnades, temples, villages, zoo and many marble statues scattered. Great Trianon Palace: 1687 by Louis XIV built his mistress Madame Maintenon Lennon, only one layer, relatively simple compared to interior decorating. Trianon Palace Road, a small and easy XIV, the king sometimes tired of the luxurious Palace of Versailles, will be to live here. 1805 to 1815, Napoleon always lived here. Little Trianon Palace: Queen of Louis XV of its construction. Typical classical style architecture, the main room has a large salon, a small salon, studio, bedroom, dressing room and so on. Near Louis XVI Queen Marie Antoinette for the construction of the Swiss farm, there are cottages, mills, sheep pen, the queen often make up for the country shepherdess in this play.
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Travel Information
Tickets: Ticket (including the Versailles palace's main attractions): July 4 to October 31, 25 euro / person, November 1 to March 31, to 18.16 euros / person. Versailles, 18 years old € 8 / person admission 6 euros after 03:30 pm / person, students and persons 18 years of age free of charge; Intuit pull thick Garden: 18 years old 5 euro / person, after 3:30 pm Admission is 3 euros / person, students, disabled persons and persons 18 years of age free of charge Carriage museum, over the age of 18 to 2 euros. People, students and persons 18 years of age free of charge; Garden, Jeu de Paume Room, free of charge to enter. Opening hours: Versailles: July 4 to at 09:00 on October 31 to 18:30 Last admission 18:00; November 1 to at 09:30 on March 31 to 17:30, last entry 17:00; In addition, on Monday, public holidays and time is not the official opening, held ceremonies. Intuit pull thick Garden: July 4 at 12:00 on October 31 to 19:30, the last entry time is 18:00; November 1 to at 12:00 on March 31 to 17:30. Garden: November 1 to at 8:00 on March 31 to sun_set_, April 1 to October 31, 9:00 to sun_set_. Carriage museum, the annual April 1 to Oct. 30 open weekends 09:00 to 18:30. Jeu de Paume Room, every year on April 1 to October 30 12:30 to 18:30 outside the opening weekend. Access:
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Literature
Versailles World famous Palace of Versailles is located in Paris, where 18 km southwest of the town of Versailles, is a world famous tourist attraction, the number of visitors each year after the Eiffel Tower in central Paris. It is a treasure house of human art, a brilliant pearl. Versailles building layout tight coordination. Are east-west palace, palace and ends with the dovetail Beigong to form a symmetrical geometric patterns. Baroque palace roof building abandoned the traditional dome and spire of the French architectural style, using a flat form, upright, bold look. Palace of Versailles is a unique style in front of French-style garden. Planting trees and flowers in the park uniquely, beautiful quiet, is refreshing. Standing is the former palace vistas, a jade-like artificial river stretch as far, the river sparkling, studded little bit, on both sides of towering trees, lush, greenery in Kingston jade sculpture jade goddess. Near the two pool blue, bronze sculptures along the luxuriant pool polymorphism, beautiful. Half of the 19th century, Versailles became the political center of world attention. In 1870, Prussian troops occupied Versailles. Kaiser held in this second year of the coronation ceremony. In the same year, Thiers Government entrenched in the Palace of Versailles, the Paris Commune's bloody suppression of planned projects. 1871-1878, the French National Assembly in here. In 1875 the French Republic was proclaimed at Versailles. June 28, 1919, with France and Germany, Britain and other countries signed the "Treaty of Versailles", the First World War came to an end. Today, the Palace of Versailles is a world famous tourist attraction has been that countries tourists flocked to the number of visitors each year more than 200 million north-south at the Palace and the main palace of Louis Philippe from the bottom has been changed to museum, a large number of valuable collection of portraits, sculptures , huge history painting and other art treasures.
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English Expression
n.: versailles
Related Phrases
Characters
architect
Baroque build
jinglang
refreshment
France big overturn
Containing Phrases
versailles imperial garden
versailles the Hall of Mirrors
versailles romantic records of personalities
versailles the life of Riley
Versailles very park
Versailles Park Standing figure through carving,etc. pillar