Feng Yuxiang (1882.11.6 ~ 1948.9.1) Republican strategist, patriotic general. Formerly based good word Huan-zhang. Anhui nest County (now in Chaohu City) people. Feng little time from a poor family in 1896 (two years of the Qing dynasty) cast Huai Army soldiers. 1902 switched Bue Youjun, successive post long, team official, with the rank of pipes. 1911 (Xuantong three years) after the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, involved in starting Luanzhou uprising failed after dismissal, deportation Baoding. 1937 "77" after the outbreak of the Marco Polo Bridge War, have any of the third, sixth commander of the theater, and soon left by the exclusion Jiang, still running in Hubei, Henan, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other provinces are actively engaged in anti-Japanese national salvation activities. After the war, as such circumstances, water investigation in 1946 to name envoy to visit the United States, while being compelled to retire. Since 1947, Chiang Kai-shek in the United States denounced the civil war, dictatorial policies, and actively support the national people's patriotic and democratic movement, and personal experience of 20 years, wrote, "I know Chiang Kai-shek," a book on Chiang's dictatorial regime for a deep reveal. In 1953, according to Feng lifetime of desire, his remains buried in the Mount. Burial ceremony, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other state leaders wrote the elegiac couplet, Guo title Mubi, "Mr. Feng Yuxiang tomb." Feng spent his whole life, from the soldiers rose to a general, his troops into one from a mixed brigades have hundreds of thousands of 1. Left-wing military equipment up before the camp Beijing, 1913.4 4. 7 Division 14 central Army brigade Tongguan, 1914.6 7. CSKA 11 divisions, 7 mixed brigades, 8 mixed brigades, 25 mixed brigades (Army Surveillance period), Beijing, 1922.11 National Government 12. Protect the party's National Salvation Army Second Army (double 10 Chiang) Tongguan, 1929.10 Tomb of Feng Yuxiang Mr. Feng Yuxiang epitaph U.S. not seeking wide do not speak Invasions in this fight to the death rather further shift Hard work that is true Lao Feng in Xuzhou, green trees. In 1911, after the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, Feng Zhang Jiang and His will, Lee ring the bell, sheng, Han Fu-ju and others playing the anti-flag, participated in the "Luanzhou uprising", but was betrayed, begin with. Later, Feng dismissed deportation Baoding, shortly after Feng official Lord, they strictly follow the requirements of the Bible, man, regardless of the military, or everyday life, all Christians should live out the character, but also due to make on the Christian part. Feng advocate of "military education", with Christian teaching to manage the officers and men. Thrift, against luxury, requiring officers and soldiers abstinence. Like Feng and soldiers with gray cloth uniforms, sleep straw ground floor, only a soup meal, a few years as one day. Feng Jun is strictly prohibited in Chihepiaodu prohibited wearing satin, or even cigarette smoking is strictly prohibited, Feng himself never used tobacco and alcohol treat. To make men know more about the Christian faith, pastor of the church are invited to Feng to the military in the gospel, to teach the officers and men to the Christian faith as their own code of conduct for officers and men willing to baptize the Lord. Meanwhile, Feng hired for the military chaplain, to better spread the Gospel and shepherd the faithful army. In Feng's such efforts, the men of many men of believers in Christ. A gathering of 1924 alone, 5,000 soldiers have received baptism. Feng Jun in the Christian men, the most famous is the General Jiang Zhang, Zhang Jiang has strongly opposed Christianity, but under the influence of Feng Yuxiang, eventually became a devout Christian. He had spent 30,000 silver dollars in 1925, printed 10 000 Bible, cover with hot gold: "This is great world through it." This grant distributed to his men to read the Bible, but also sent to a number of seekers willing to accept the Christian faith. Feng and porcelain Feng often frugal porcelain from the show. He was said to the rank of vice-premier of the KMT, the dinner party, are owned in the rough with the bowl Cuci dish. Direct instructions from the warlords in 1924 war broke out, the two sides fighting in the Jidong area, direct secret general Feng Yuxiang his troops from the front lines back to Beijing, Beijing launched a coup, imprisoned President Cao Kun, forcing the eviction of the emperor Pu Yi, Sun Yat-sen invited north. He announced that from the Warlord, the army renamed the National Army, with himself as commander in chief. After collaborating for Duan Qi-rui and Chang Tso-lin, depriving the Feng Feng declared step down and go to visit the Soviet Union. September 17, 1926, Feng Yuxiang and the Soviet Union in the assistance of the Chinese Communist Party, five of the original oath-taking, to participate in the Northern Expedition, the coalition commander in chief of KMT troops. His troops shoot with Liu Bojian, Xuan Xia Father, Deng Xiaoping, a group of Communist Party members, advisor to help train the army engaged the Soviet Union. At this time, he gradually inclined revolution, and eventually became a famous patriotic democrats. According to test, my collection of ceramic plate, is in second after the Northern Expedition, Feng greater development of military forces, pledging to commemorate the second anniversary of the five original custom. Li Feng and his wife all Qiuqin the most impressive person to count the daughter of Field Marshal Cao Kun. One day, Cao Kun, Feng General sent lieutenants to home, to him that the CAO would like to be the daughter betrothed Marshal General, Feng 1, a sense of annoyance, because of the sensibilities, they are not directly rejected, had to decline the Road: " Marshal love, I could wish for, just need to get the daughter of window-after, must be 3 wronged her: one must not wear grade silk, wearing coarse clothes; two spinning weaving; Third, we must carefully ex-wife raising three children. "This 3 1, Cao daughter naturally will not be accepted. Feng total of three sons and three daughters. The eldest son Ping Hongguo, joined the CPC in 1920, with Zhang Zhizhong, Ji Hongchang an anti-Japanese; second son, Chiang Ching-kuo was in the Soviet Union Feng Hongzhi and students, two deep friendship, now American scientists; son Feng Hongda early years in the Soviet Union, he served as commander of the North Sea Fleet members; daughter Feng Lida, a famous pathologist; two women von Arthur current CPPCC National Committee members had studied in the former Soviet Union to the Leningrad School of Medicine, 1950, returned to Tsinghua University Library, by her husband Philip Wu is a Professor of Architecture, Tsinghua University, They have two children studying in the United States; three women Feng Xiao Da, 1948, together with his father were killed in the Black Sea ships. Feng Hongzhi (1917 -) is an internationally renowned nuclear physicist, is also mechanical, mechanical industries experts. Born in Beijing in 1917, he was the first wife of General Feng Yuxiang Liu Dezhen born. General Feng Feng Hongzhi in 10 children, ranked second. 6 years old, his mother suffering from typhoid fever, treatment is invalid, then passed away, then, brought up by a stepmother Dishonor. Feng martyrdom through Ms. Pan Duifeng said, from a security point of view, it is best to go by the Soviet passenger ship, if other countries take the boat, there are two kinds of accidents that may occur: First, the KMT proposed by Feng Yuxiang was a political prisoner for the extradition; Second, in the course of a voyage hiding secret agents on board the KMT will be thrown into the sea Feng, marketing corpse to cover his tracks. Feng half leaning on the bed, opposite the two on the sofa, daughter of Arthur and Xiao sitting up. Door unlatched, exposing a seam, like a ray of smoke as the snake spends quietly. Are sensitive to the dawn everything up, suddenly sniffed and said: "What is that smell?" Read the next four, she found that the influx of smoke from the outside. "Fire!" She startle starting up, the first went out and ran down the corridor to the stairs up to the awe ... ... dawn stampede caused panic. Feng battle-hardened had time to think and judge, stood up out of bed, picked up a small portable box, instinctively went to the door. Ms. Feng grabbed her husband's coat, followed closely behind. "FK Pobeda" was non-small place, then the passengers and crew on board thousands of people, the fire burn from the top of the lower compartment, during which no one noticed how will it? The only explanation is: the fire is up in various key places at the same time, perhaps caused by high explosives ... ... According to all indications, "the Black Sea tragedy" is not general disaster, but one murder case, But who is that this case, the mastermind and murderer, the question mark 50 years have a clear answer yet. Feng served as brigade commander, the garrison Changde, Hunan, provides 2 hours every morning reading English. Study, the door is closed, the door hung a sign that read, "Feng dead," and refused to outsiders. Study is completed, the door plate is replaced with "Feng alive." Feng has a military adviser then called Usmanov. He especially likes the Northwest Army inquire about things, often wrapped around Feng asking questions. Northwest Army began to ask some of the general situation, gradually involving the administration of personnel arrangement. This day Usmanov You Xiang Feng asked something, Feng unhappy and said: Feng told him: "taking care of those who look too, and asked those questioned also. Consultant who is, when I look at you, have something to ask you, you answer it wants." A company commander, furious: "The lesson I want you to come! You this guarantee a long shelf no small!" "Platoon leader, company commander have done it, battalion, regiment has done it." Company commander scan this big, suddenly wake up, feet together: "You are a vice chairman of the Feng? Men damn, please, vice chairman of the action!"
Translated by Google
No. 2
(1882-1948) Nationalist patriotic general. Nest County, Anhui Province (this lake) people. The second straight 1924 war launched by Beijing Feng coup, will his troops into the national army, and telegraph sen north. In 1926, five of the original oath-taking, from the northern warlords, the National Revolutionary Army to participate in the Northern Expedition. 1930 and Yan Xishan, such as Ju-Bing Li Tsung-jen Chiang (Kai-shek), has the war broke out and the Central Plains War Jiang Feng. September 18 Incident, actively advocate against Japan, a former vice chairman of the Military Commission of the Kuomintang government. Early Sino-Japanese War, he was the third, sixth commander of the theater. After World War because of the civil war against Chiang Kai-shek, dictatorial policies, was forced to go to America. Communist Party of China in 1948 to respond to the call back to attend the preparatory work for the new Political Consultative Conference, died at sea en route.
Translated by Google
No. 3
Feng Yuxiang (1882-1948): Nationalist patriotic general. Nest County, Anhui Province (this lake) people. The second straight 1924 war launched by Beijing Feng coup, will his troops into the national army, and telegraph sen north. In 1926, five of the original oath-taking, from the northern warlords, the National Revolutionary Army to participate in the Northern Expedition. 1930 and Yan Xishan, such as Ju-Bing Li Tsung-jen Chiang (Kai-shek), has the war broke out and the Central Plains War Jiang Feng. September 18 Incident, actively advocate against Japan, a former vice chairman of the Military Commission of the Kuomintang government. Early Sino-Japanese War, he was the third, sixth commander of the theater. After World War because of the civil war against Chiang Kai-shek, dictatorial policies, was forced to go to America. Communist Party of China in 1948 to respond to the call back to attend the preparatory work for the new Political Consultative Conference, died at sea en route.
Translated by Google
Later evaluation
Premier Zhou Enlai in the memory of General Feng Yuxiang, said: "General Feng Yu-hsiang was a change from the old soldiers from the Democratic firm of soldiers; Although all of the historical figures, due to the limitations of political vision, in his possession that inevitably exist kind of defect, however, have fundamental, General Feng Yuxiang contribution to the cause of democracy in China, will be immortal. "
Translated by Google
Information on the military designation of Northwest History
冯玉祥 西北军番号沿革资料
冯玉祥 西北军番号沿革资料
冯玉祥 西北军番号沿革资料
Northern Government 1. Make military equipment left before the camp Beijing, 1913.4 2. Guards left a group of Beijing, Beijing, 1913.9 3. Beijing Guards Brigade left Mianchi 1, 1914.5 4. 7 Division 14 of the Central Army brigade Tongguan, 1914.6 5. CSKA 16 mixed brigades (into the military at the beginning), Xi'an, 1914.9 6. 11 central Army divisions (the Governor of Shaanxi period) Xi'an, 1921.7 7. CSKA 11 divisions, 7 mixed brigades, 8 mixed brigades, 25 mixed brigades (Army Surveillance period), Beijing, 1922.11 8. 1 Army National Army (Beijing after the coup), Beijing, 1924.10 9. Northwest Army (Northwestern Frontier during informal bugle. Used to call now) Zhang Yuan, 1925.1 National Government 10. National coalition First Army (five of the original oath-taking after) five of the original, 1926.9.17 11. Second Army National Revolutionary Army (during the Northern Expedition) Xi'an, 1927.5.1 12. Protection of the party Salvation Army Second Army (Double Ten Chiang) Tongguan, 1929.10 13. Second Army National Revolutionary Army (on behalf of the commander in chief during the deer) Tongguan, 1930.1 14. Republic of China Army Second Army (Central Plains War period) Tongguan, 1930.4
Translated by Google
Tomb of Feng Yuxiang
Unfortunately, after the death of Feng Yuxiang, Chairman Mao Zedong personally by the site, buried in Tai'an City, Shandong Province, Mount Tai Xi Lu. Xixi Shek Kip across the bridge on both sides of the public is patriotic general Feng Yuxiang built in 1935 years. The first in the mass grave east Feng, broke ground in 1952, October 15, 1953 buried the ashes burial ceremony was held. Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Huang Yan presented elegiac couplet, Li Jishen, the Yi Fu, Meigong Bin, Zhang Zhizhong, Yuxin Qing, Wang Kunlun, Shao Lizi, Ms. Feng Tai Li all their children and local leaders, the masses of more than 800 people attended the burial ceremony. Mu Jie Feng Feng poem inscribed stone tablet in 1953 "I", embedded Mubi. Gar high 1.09 m wide and 1.9 meters, official script. Mr. Feng Yuxiang Feng Yuxiang my epitaph Civilian Health and civilians living Do not speak the U.S. does not seek wide Just to the country just to the people Shou-Cheng Shou-Zhuo endless struggle Poet recounts fight to the death of this shift I wrote I said dedication I is my teeth Good to work harder
Translated by Google
Feng anecdotes
Emphasis on tree planting General Feng Yuxiang in Xuzhou, the great emphasis on afforestation, has done a poem: Laoping in Xuzhou, trees green. Who cut my tree, I cut who the head.
Translated by Google
General defection
Feng life defection three times, the "defection of General," said! The first "defection" in Luanzhou uprising, the main purpose is to oppose the Qing dynasty. Early 20th century, the Qing government sold the sovereignty of external, internal plundered the people, working people unwilling to press, many Jubing resistance. In the spring of 1910, when the Northern Army in the Qing Feng Ren eighty-third mark with a three-battalion, he was revolutionary thinking, and Wang Jinming (Township Seventy-nine of the twenty-one battalion marked with), who sponsored organization " martial Research Society ", the soldiers in the secret anti-revolutionary propaganda, and actively carry out revolutionary activities. After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, Feng Yuxiang and Wang Jinming conspiracy and other positive response, decided to step up their savings revolutionary forces in preparation for an armed uprising in Luanzhou and revolutionary organizations and Tianjin, "Republican Council" President Bai Yukun, who worked closely together the justice issues held . December 31, 1911 Luanzhou intifada, January 2, 1912, announced Luanzhou independence, _set_ up a "revolutionary junta North," power to the national issue, published the Declaration and a variety of internal and external message, clear the military government the principles and policies. But the rebels preparing to attack Tianjin, near Chong Qing in the mine to start fighting. By outnumbered, getting home disadvantage, fighting to the next dawn, the rebels failed. Luanzhou after a failed uprising, was dismissed deported Feng Baoding. The second "defection" to launch a coup Beijing, the main purpose is to oppose the Warlords rule. 1923, Cao Kun, Unite Wu control the Northern Government, General Feng Yuxiang progressive ideas promoted in the Sun, and the suspense of Shaanxi, section 1 Division of Contractual Joint Ventures and 15 mixed brigades brigade-wing alliance Sun Yue, determined to look for an opportunity down Cao, Wu warlord rule, support the leadership of the Chinese National Sun Yat-sen revolution. Upon the second straight 1924 war, armies in Shanhaiguan direct instructions from the front line contacts, expand the days of fighting, both sides put into 20 million or more troops were deployed naval and air war, the war's scale is unprecedented in the history of modern warlord. General Feng Yuxiang straight when he was military commander of 3rd Army, he was to take advantage of direct, on instructions from the two armies in Cross Village, Shanhaiguan and so fierce fighting, the direct force behind the emptiness, he led the troops pulled out, starry night return in triumph in Beijing, launched the famous "Beijing coup" imprisoned Cao Kun, owners and power to overthrow the Warlord Government, the expulsion of the Qing emperor Pu Yi Xun eviction, changed his troops to the Republic of China National Army, with himself as commander in chief and military commander 1, electric business affairs of state were invited to Beijing Sun Yat-sen. Sun Yat-sen at this time is very ill, he decided to go north the country's future, and that "national conference and the abolition of unequal treaties," the two calls, with the struggle against imperialism and the northern warlords. Unfortunately, Sun Yat-sen on January 26, 1925, was diagnosed with liver cancer, died March 12, though Sun made two calls did not materialize, but the direct rule of the warlords was a devastating blow. Third "defection" to launch Chiang war, the main purpose is to oppose Chiang Kai-shek dictatorship. After the victory of the revolution the Northern Expedition, Chiang Ren Guomin Government Chairman and Chief of the Armed Forces commander, established his personal dictatorship to the situation, decided to restructure the National Government and a "failure for" the "political tutelage," the disarmament building "phase call trying to "reorganize and discharge surplus personnel," Feng Yu-hsiang, Yen Hsi-shan, Li Tsung-jen's army, intensified with the military strength of the faction within the KMT conflict between the Suizhi resort to arms, in May 1930 defection led the troops of General Feng Yuxiang and Yan Jun-Sui Chiang Xishan Forces jointly launched the war, known as the Central Plains War, this war has gone through three stages. Although the capture of the first phase of Henan Duguid Chiang (now Shangqiu) and other places, but the overall situation was unfavorable, Chiang stationed on Kinmen Southwest and south of Henan Luohe areas. The second stage was held in Beijing, Chiang factions enlarged meeting of the KMT Central Committee, the Chairman announced the establishment of the Yan Xishan, Feng Yan Xishan ﹑ ﹑ ﹑ jen Dengqi Ren Wang as a member of the National Government , and the Nanjing government confrontation, but because of its internal factions own ax to grind, especially some of the practices Yan Xishan the main cause of the anti-Chiang - Feng's general dissatisfaction with many of the Northwest Army, in Chiang's offensive, the war situation worse, in August to give up Jinan Jun Yan, Feng "August offensive" also failed. Chiang Jin Pu in the two lakes ﹑ ﹑ ﹑ Ping Hon Hai to achieve a comprehensive victory in the battlefield. The third stage on the sidelines of the Zhang September 18 Yong Chiang power after day, Zhang rate of occupation of the Northeast Army entry level ﹑ ﹑ Tianjin, Hebei, Chiang rapid disintegration of the coalition forces, moved to Taiyuan, Beijing held an enlarged meeting, soon pursue their way, Yan ﹑ Pinger general power to step down, the Central Plains War to Feng Yan coalition ended in failure. Christian General Christmas 1917, Liu Fangmu division Elias Christian Church hosted a grand baptism, a total of 94 people baptized, General Feng Yuxiang was among them. Since then, Feng formally joined the Christian and became a devout Christian. After the official Lord Feng Yu-hsiang, they behave in strict accordance with the requirements of the Bible, regardless of running the army, or life, all Christians should live out the character, but also due to make on the Christian part. Feng advocate "to teach running the army," the teachings of Christianity to manage the officers and men. Encourage frugality, against luxury, requiring officers and soldiers nose clean. Feng Yuxiang and the soldiers did wear gray uniform cloth, straw sleeping ground floor, only one meal soup, a few years as one day. Feng Jun is strictly prohibited in Chihepiaodu prohibited wearing a satin, or even non-cigarette smoking, alcohol and tobacco Feng himself never used the others. To make men know more about the Christian faith, Feng pastors are often invited to the military in the gospel, teaching men to the Christian faith as their own code of conduct, and the officers and men willing to baptize the Lord. Meanwhile, Feng hired for the military chaplain, to better spread the Gospel and shepherd the army of the faithful. In Feng's such efforts, many officers and men of his men return to believe in Christ. A party in 1924 alone, there are 5,000 officers and men baptized. Feng men in the Christian, the most famous is the General Jiang Zhang, Zhang Jiang has strongly opposed Christianity, but under the influence of Feng Yuxiang, eventually became a devout Christian. He was 30,000 silver dollars spent in 1925, printed 10,000 copies of the Bible, cover with hot gold: "This is the big thing in the world through it." This grant distributed to men reading the Bible, but also distribute them to some of the seeker is willing to accept the Christian faith. In 1922, he served as military governor of Shaanxi, the Feng still keep faith with great enthusiasm, and Shaanxi, the church associated with the work more, which is most Benedict is the Anglican Church when he was president of Shaanxi pump of human priests. Pu of people were arrested after the KMT, or Feng managed to save their security prison. Period in Shaanxi, Feng plans to Chahar Province (now in Hebei Province) in the Zhangjiakou construction of a "Gospel village", and has asked people to draw a blueprint. Is the center of the village church, all around the residential, as well as schools and cinemas. Unfortunately, after the outbreak of war, making this a better plan ultimately failed to achieve. In 1936, Nanjing Road Christian Church in Mo new church ground-breaking ceremony was held, Feng invited to participate in activities of the sermon, the church's cornerstone back issues of the word - "because it _set_ a good foundation is Jesus Christ." Feng's masterpiece remains the Lord, often attracting visitors enjoyed. Feng Yuxiang and porcelain Feng frugal often porcelain from the show. He was said to the rank of vice-premier of the KMT, the dinner party, are owned by the rough bowl Cuci dish.
Translated by Google
Marriage and children Feng
冯玉祥的婚姻与子女
冯玉祥的婚姻与子女
First wife Liu Dezhen The first sub-Ping Hongguo The second sub-Feng Hongzhi The first F von Funeng Cutting the second F von Eph Front boast the third F von Second wife, De-Quan Li The third sub-Feng Hongda The fourth female Feng Lida V F von Yingda Feng Xiao of the Sixth Women General Feng Yu-hsiang had two marriages. Results issued in 1905 with his wife Liu Dezhen Feng became husband and wife, married couples for one another. They have two men and three women a total of five children, the eldest son Ping Hongguo, the second son of Feng Hongzhi, the eldest daughter Feng Fu Neng, second daughter von Vladimir cutting, three women and Jin-Feng Eph. In 1923, Liu Dezhen whole body was severe illness died in Beijing Union Medical College Hospital. Feng Liu Dezhen living together with almost 20 years, as the official wife, with no official wife of the shelf, usually with children eating is bread and water, wearing thick clothes and go out never Zuojiao, still sewing at home. Therefore, people called her "civilian lady." General Feng Yuxiang middle-aged widower and you're with a group of young children in urgent need of re-organization of a family. At that time many people want to marry the girl led the powerful army, the generals on the battlefield rush ahead. For a time, come for the General Feng matchmaker or in person is almost endless stream of suitors. When General Feng asked why these girls to marry him, they replied: "Because of your official major, and your wife the marriage is to become the official" or "You are a hero, I love Heroes" and other words of like After listening to their answer to that sour, Feng generals shook his head declined. Qiuqin of the most impressive person to calculate the daughter of Field Marshal Cao Kun. One day, Cao Kun to send Lieutenant General Feng apartment to show him that Marshal would like to Cao betrothed to the daughter of General Feng Yuxiang one to think that turnoff, because of the sensibilities, and not direct refusal, had to politely refuse: "The Marshal love, I could wish for, just need to get the daughter get married, you must do three wronged her: one must not wear grade silk, wearing coarse clothes; two spinning weaving; three ex-wife to raise three children well. "This three one, Cao daughter naturally not accept it. The General Feng Yuxiang's marriage with Miss Li Dequan was introduced, hit it off. Miss Li Dequan is also a poor family background, his father was a herdsman, live frugally for her daughter by reading the capital after the woman admitted to Concordia University. After graduation to teach in a Girls. In 1924, Miss Li Dequan and General Feng Yuxiang married. One day after marriage, De-Quan Feng asked why I like her, Feng immediately replied: "I like your candid innocence!" Then the whole Li Feng asked why his wife to marry him, laughing the whole Li replied: "Do not you fear God people work, sent me to supervise you. "At this point they will be understanding smile. Feng There were three sons and three daughters. Eldest son Ping Hongguo, joined the CPC in 1920, worked with Zhang Zhizhong, Ji Hongchang an anti-Japanese; second son, Chiang Ching Feng Hongzhi and the Soviet Union is the students, two deep friendship, is a scientist in the membership; son Hongda Feng served as the North Sea early in the Soviet Union Fleet members; eldest daughter Feng Lida, a famous pathologist; Feng Ying Da and two women serving member of the CPPCC National Committee, had studied in the former Soviet Union to the Leningrad School of Medicine, 1950, returned to Tsinghua University Library, by her husband Philip Wu is a professor of Architecture, Tsinghua University, They have two children studying in the United States; Feng Xiao of three women, along with his father in 1948 on the ship were killed in the Black Sea. National liberation, Miss Li Dequan was Minister of Health, the National Women's Federation, vice chairman of CPPCC National Committee Vice-Chairman, State Sports Commission, deputy director of the China Red Cross president and other staff. Feng Hongzhi (1917 -) is an internationally renowned nuclear physicist, is also the mechanics of materials, machinery industry and other experts. Born in Beijing in 1917, he was the first wife of General Feng Yuxiang Liu Dezhen born. General Feng Feng Hongzhi in 10 children came second. 6 years old, his mother died of typhoid fever, treatment failed, he passed away, then, brought up by a stepmother De-Quan. Mr. Feng Hongzhi and his 12 year old sister with Fu Su Feng Eph cutting study, then transferred to Berlin University to study mechanical. In 1941, China and Germany broke off diplomatic relations, Feng Hongzhi has returned to the general manager of China Hu Ziang Industrial company as mechanical engineer. The Feng Hongzhi United States to study in early 1945, the first thing to enter the New York Institute of Technology, to obtain a master's degree and entered the University of California Institute for a doctorate. After years of struggle, Feng Hongzhi has finally become the nation's high-tech influential scientists. He personally participated in many large U.S. nuclear power plants, nuclear submarines of the major equipment design work for the U.S. nuclear industry and machinery industry has made important contributions to the development. Feng Hongzhi also served as the world's leading pump manufacturing companies - Wo Erxin Dayton vice president.
Translated by Google
Dangerous "victory" sign - the death of Feng Yuxiang
This caused the Russian Black Sea Fleet News veteran Oak Bristol • Best Ball - more than the curiosity to remain Cove. You know, in the autumn of 1948, Feng Yuxiang and died "Victory", this event caused a sensation in the West European and American media have reported, but the Soviet press on the "unfortunate incident" is a closely guarded secret. Fall to the Soviet Union in 1948, which Feng is no accident. July 1948, should be invited to the CPC Central Committee, he prepared to return to participate in the preparatory work of the CPPCC. If not returned to the way in misfortune, he might be in the new Chinese government in key positions. As a key figure in the future of new China, one of his accidental death gave rise to endless speculation. As anxious to solve the mystery of his death General Feng, Ball check after years of perseverance to find the details related to the accident and then tries to reveal the "victory" was the truth of the fire. "Victory" sign After World War II, the Soviet salvaged some of the German semi-submerged old ship, the shipyard in Germany carried out the repairs, and then added to the Soviet commercial fleet. In these vessels, there is a liner made of 1928 "Irbesartan Elijah" number. 14,039 tons full load displacement of the ship, length 153 meters, width 18.6 meters, 18 meters high, 9 meters high freeboard, draft 7.49 m, speed 15.5 (28.7 km / h). After taking over the Soviet fleet, it played a proud name, called "victory" sign. In those days, it can be regarded as a very large passenger-cargo ship can carry 340 passengers, and also carrying 4,000 tons of cargo. The spring of 1948, "Victory" sign was placed under the Black Sea Maritime Board, began to and from Odessa and New York, carrying along the coast from the Mediterranean and Black Sea passenger and cargo back to the Soviet Union. "Victory" a total of 199 crew members on board, master Pahuoluoke is an experienced old seaman, from childhood growing up in the sea. His assistant called Nabokov gold fire, the fire received specialized training. Other command personnel on board are experienced, fully qualified for their jobs. Way back June 1948 to July, "Victory" was ushered in the sailing school's 50 apprentices. After they cross the ocean well onboard, July 31 and from New York _set_ sail, with the "victory" was embarked on a return voyage Odessa. Leaving New York Harbor, the board accepted only 323 passengers, 277 tons of cargo. Except for a small individual, the passengers on board the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade Ministry staff and their families based. Feng and his family are also on the boat, and they diverted the Soviet Union prepared to go to China. After a few days at sea, the captain received a telegram from the Black Sea Maritime Board to order a "victory" was stopped by Alexandria, Egypt, receiving repatriated from Egypt Armenian people and bring them back to the Georgian port Batumi. August 22, ships left Alexandria, drove to Batumi. Captain immediately reported to the bureau, said he accepted the 2020 repatriation of personnel, six Soviet diplomats and their families in Egypt, while 1,500 tons of cargo loaded on. In the final days of August "victory" was finally on the bus system by the terminal. August 31, "Victory" was exhumation west, towards the leading Odessa. Due to a large number of Armenians to evacuate, passengers on board at the moment only 310 people. At 1:00 on September 1st, located in Odessa on the Black Sea Maritime Board received a ship sent by radio traffic reports, that "victory" was already passing through Novorossiysk, at 2:00 on September 2 to reach the proud German Sa Hong Kong. Since then, the ship's radio communications to interrupt, but at first no one was alert to this generation. Until the morning of September 2, the Black Sea Maritime Board began to explore the reasons for the radio silence, and asked to sea vessels and monitor vessel movements along the port, but no one with the "victory" was achieved through contact, nor heard "SOS" signal . Maritime Board that something was wrong, the Black Sea Fleet to seek help quickly, along with several aircraft were sent to naval aviation aircraft at sea. At nine o'clock that night, a pilot in the air reported that 70 nautical miles southeast of office in Yalta, has been found burnt "victory" sign, there are five ships loaded with people around the sampan. After receiving notification, the rescue team immediately from Feodosiya and Sebastopol Haier to start, rushed toward the crash boats. Fire "Victory" was what happened on board in the end it? Soviet officials later say is: at 13:00 on September 1 that "victory" was passing through the liner Novorossiysk, continue towards Odessa. The weather was good, can be described as sunny. See the end of the ship will sail, agents show, radio technicians Kovalenko decided to tidy up film to film the return of cultural base upon landing. To this end, he had the sailors Intrinsic Philip Kafelnikov, please help him after the show wrapped around the film. Film usually stored in a small boat in central warehouse, which is next to some of the newly established third-class cabin. Packed in tin film part of the yard, others ready to rewind the film is open on the table. In addition to film many movies, but it also kept sit warehouse about two thousand gramophone records. Device with a hand down in the course of the film, due to friction and sparks mechanical parts, thereby causing the film on fire. Mars and stood next to the film ignited the flame for a few seconds to fill the entire warehouse. Surrounded by flame radio operator 韦杰涅耶夫 duty after the windows out from the radio room, did not had time to send signals for help. The captain was informed of this situation, the command to send SOS signals spare radio, but unfortunately it has been burned in the pilot house. After some time, the bow of the ship bell was sent to all ships fire alarm. After receiving the fire, the chief engineer Wadsworth Bo Luo, led by engineer duty officers in the machine next to the water to intercept the fire dragon tenacious. Just from time to time in the fire, there are some crew members began to rescue the passengers, a number of lifeboats and junks were placed in the water. Most women and five children were placed in the junk, and the boat rowed to a safe distance, male passengers on board to help out the fire. After a full fight the blaze, the fire was finally brought under control. Although the ship can sail alone, but the damage was very heavy. The middle of the ship superstructure and driving bridge, completely destroyed all the wood siding, metal siding and framework already distorted. All the restaurants on the promenade deck, salon and other compartments are to be burned, the other decks of the cabin, salon, restaurant, shipping places have also been damaged. Bow hold is spark ignition, but fortunately fire in a timely manner, the fire did not continue to expand, but most of the items carried by passengers have been difficult to restore. Watertight engine room wall played a role, tenacious stand in the extravehicular the flame, only to bow and stern to be spared. Remove the material damage, the fire caused a large number of casualties, most of which are in the cabin of the first few minutes of flames hit the fallen. The ship had 40 passengers were killed in the fire, killing two crew members were also life: one is the sailor Intrinsic Philip Kafelnikov, the other was dressed in trendy nylon clothing Yang Gong restaurant waitress. The victims, 19 were women, 15 were children under the age of 16. September 3, when the rescue workers near the wrecked ship, the ship has been basically put out the fire. September 5, "Victory" sign into the Odessa port, rescued passengers were transferred to the "Vyacheslav Molotov •" No ships. Man? At the time that time, the world's film industry is commonly used nitrocellulose film, in addition to its soft, plastic, clear image, there is a fatal flaw - flammable. Because the chemical composition and the powder is very close to this film when heated to 40 degrees, it will be like as violent burning gunpowder. Members of the old show was often joked that a photo of the sun can put it on fire. Given this situation, then developed a very strict fire code. Thus the court pointed out that the cause of the fire command staff and a board member of the human error supernumerary show is its gross violations of fire safety norms consequences. Due to an extremely passive fire to the Soviet government, the court has given direct responsibility of fire sentenced: Nabokov King was sentenced to 25 years, the captain Pahuoluoke and projectionist for 15 years Kovalenko, Political Assistant Pell Shu Kefu 10 years, radio operator 韦杰涅耶夫 8 years. Officer guilty of an indirect shore, so were given a lighter punishment: the Black Sea Maritime Board special radio station was sent to prison for two years out quarter Senanayake, fleet dispatchers Niefeiduofu unit labor reform in the former year and 25% less during salary. Unsolved Mysteries When Stalin was informed that Feng had died, he was Black Sea vacation. Soviet Council of Ministers Vice-Malenkov telegram sent to Stalin said: "There is no doubt, you are correct: Armenian immigrants in the United States intelligence officers, is their sabotage." In the next few telegram in He also reported on the succession of measures taken, and that it had ordered the spy agencies of ferreting out the whereabouts of espionage, but Barr did not find more on this follow-up information. Substantial attrition caused by the war, the Soviet Union after the war much-needed labor, the government abolished the death penalty is not only temporary, also called living abroad who return to participate in construction. December 1945, the Bureau of the Supreme Soviet issued a command, so that the Armenians in exile to return to their homeland. From 1946 to 1948, the repatriation of Armenians in the Soviet Union more than 10 million. But in "Victory" was a fire, the Soviet Council of Ministers on 14 September 1948 suspended the decision made, fully and completely blocked the influx of people to return to Armenia. By fire "victory" was being restored, still travel in the Black Sea Maritime Board on various domestic and international routes. The mid-20th century, 50 it is still regarded as one of the council the best ships. Until 1977, the "Victory" was the name of the roster was only _delete_d from the fleet.
Translated by Google
Witness the art of Feng Song of the command
Song of a rally morale of the troops, inspire the armies fighting a common language. Sing a Song of a fighting force, equivalent to the one political lesson; sing a war song, is equivalent to a sharpening blades, and inspired some feelings. Aware of the role of Song of General Feng Yuxiang. In the war years he wrote a lot of liberation. Now we work together to look back at these songs in general from one side to appreciate the style of the troops in war. Since the beginning of 1912, Feng led forces, the first of many popular song lyrics Feng, the most important are three - "Song of shooting discipline," "Combat Action Song", "use of surface features song." Feng asked the officers and men in Chucao, training on the way back and forth, first to sing this 3 songs, if not to sing the completion of the playground or camp, sing another song. Why Feng write this 3 song it? "Song of shooting discipline" (a total of 5 words, with the first paragraph): shooting discipline important, both to be really implemented. While under enemy fire, Be calm tenacity. Seeks to promote the effectiveness of gun fire, always pay attention to the terrain, always pay attention to the terrain. "Combat Action Song" (a total of 5 words, with the first paragraph): ACTION Qieyao, head soldiers (soldiers) are required to keep in mind: a smell advance orders, bravely ignoring the enemy fire. Ally casualties whichever bullets, if not ordered not to care of. "Use of surface features Song" (a total of 2 words, with the first paragraph): fighting, heavy fire, killing the enemy first. _Select_ the body very sensitive to surface features are covered ants together. Mindful command of the small row region, not deserting. Attack over time is difficult to refrain from occupying the land, but due to send soldiers shooting neighbor, pay attention. "Love Song of the people" (a total of 2 words, with the first paragraph): Information care of the military people, I have for the people of the forage. People eat the fat of the cream clothing people, the scourge of our event security. Level civil strife, against an enemy interference, not to the people affected by distress. Strict discipline and good reputation, the military and civilians national treasure.
Translated by Google
Feng Celebrity Humor
Feng life is very hard to study. When the soldiers when he was a free to read, and sometimes actually through the night. Evening reading, in order not to affect other people sleeping, recruited a large wooden box, open a hole in his head into it, by the faint light reading. Feng served as brigade commander, the garrison Changde, Hunan, provides 2 hours every morning to read English. Learning, closing the door, the door hung a sign that read, "Feng is dead" and refused to outsiders. Study is completed, the door plate is replaced with "Feng alive." Feng of the time hated non-compliance. In 1927, because Wang did not keep the meeting time, meeting frequently absent, late, Feng huff, compiled into a couplet gave him: a table of snacks, fruit, half of the table, I did not realize the hardships; two o'clock in the meeting, four o'clock in attendance, did the revolutionary spirit. Chen Kaige (as Feng) then there is a military adviser named Feng Usmanov. He particularly likes asking what Northwestern Army, often wrapped around Feng asking questions. Northwest Army began to ask the general situation, gradually involving administrative personnel arrangements. You Xiang Feng Usmanov this day to ask something, Feng displeasure, said: "Consultants President, you know that we Chinese 'consultants' word when what you say?" Shook his head Usmanov : "Do not know." Feng told him: "taking care of those who look too, and asked those questioned also. consultant who is, when I look at you, have something to ask you, you answer it wants." War period, Feng Geleshan living in the outskirts of Chongqing, the local multi-housing for senior military and political executive, as the security of ordinary people dare not long, then to introduce ourselves as a guarantee Feng long. He has been active service, drew the residents received. One day, an army soldier stationed in the row, the company commander came to ensure long-run Guanci, borrowed houses, through furniture appliances, due to dissatisfaction unwarranted charges. Feng wearing blue denim pants coat, a white cloth wrapped around his head, which is the standard garb of farmers in Sichuan, he saw the company commander angry, then bent over and bowed deeply, said: "Your honor, it is tough! A lot when this place to live Officer, the job is really easy to get, temporary garrison, will that be it. "captain heard this, was furious:" The lesson I want you to come! you this guarantee is not a small length of the shelf! "Feng smile replied:" did not dare, I once too had been a soldier, never want to bother people. "company commander asked:" What you have done? "" platoon leader, company commander has done, battalion commander, head of the've done. "that bit captain rose, slightly polite, said: "What you have done?" Feng calmly, still smiling, said: "teachers, army commander has done, but also worked a few days commander in chief." company commander take a closer look The big man, suddenly awakened, feet together: "You are Feng, vice chairman? men damn, please, vice chairman of the action!" Feng Yu-hsiang and then a bow: "The adults sit down! I am in the Military Commission Vice Chairman , where I is Paul Long, an adult should wait. "fear and trepidation, a few words were the company commander, shame, hastily exit.
Translated by Google
Wikipedia Daquan
Feng Yuxiang Feng Yuxiang States during the patriotic general. Formerly known as the base of good, word Huanzhang. Nest County in Anhui Province. November 6, 1882 (the Qing dynasty eight September 26) was born in poor peasant family, the father Fengyou Mao for the Huai Army junior officers. Feng Qing Huai into the army, after the vote the Northern Army, served as battalion, regiment, brigade, division commander. Military governor of Henan and the Army after he was promoted to the rank of review. Aggression by foreign powers because of hate, resentment imperial corruption, which have been seeking Luanzhou policy uprising, Zhang Xun Restoration crusade straight Feng 1924 Second War, Beijing launched a coup to overthrow the Cao Kun government, the expulsion of the Qing emperor Pu Yi Xun eviction. He decided from the Warlord, changed his troops for the National Army, he served as commander in chief and First Army commander, and presided over state power plans please sen north. Soon, forced Feng, Anhui warlords two-line pressure, went to Northwestern Frontier Zhangjiakou any, will be renamed the First Army, the Army tentatively numbered Northwest. Since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1926 returned to study in the Soviet Union and the Communist Party of China with the help of consolidation team, Suiyuan five of the original oath to the military coalition Renguo Min (later changed to the second Army National Revolutionary Army) commander in chief, announced that his troops joined the group KMT, and he led the troops to participate in the Northern Expedition, sent troops to Tongguan, rendezvous Central Plains. Once in 1927, Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Jingwei's "total clearance" activities. The following year as the executive vice president and the KMT military and political ministers, due to the military reorganize and discharge surplus personnel and other issues, conflict of interest arise with the Chiang Kai-shek, in 1930 the United Yan Xishan, Li Tsung-jen and other Jubing Chiang, the outbreak of the Central Plains War, after the failure to step down, Chiang his troops were incorporated (see Jiang Yan Feng war). (Chen Min)
Translated by Google
English Expression
: Feng Yuxiang
Related Phrases
art
traditional Chinese painting
northwest
Chang'an Huapai
Nantong
the great names of history
Li Da zhao
Luanzhou rise
wuyuan
the National Revolutionary Army (of the Guomindang)
historical events
a rally to pledge resolution before going to war congress
the armed forces of the Republic of China general
Northwest Frontier defence colonel cadre School
serviceman
a famous general
Yanghu City
west Union soldiers, or Union troops (in the American Civil War)
