Scorpion, also known as Scorpion, all insects, scorpions, the origin of a dozen provinces in China, 15 species, collectively referred to as Scorpion. Mainly produced in Shandong Province Yimeng Mountain, also known as "Yimeng Scorpion." Scorpion Yiyuan for high yield, good quality, the Chinese Academy of Inspection "for the first in the country virulence" and famous. Scorpio food, medicine has a long history. Scorpion's main medicinal components of scorpion toxin (buthotoxin), According to the "Compendium of Materia Medica" and "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" _set_, Scorpio has a "Xifeng antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory drugs attack, Tongluozhitong" function; attending "children shock wind, convulsions cramps, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, hepatitis, cancer, "and other diseases. Scorpion is a high-end cuisine, rich in nutrition, food prevent and cure diseases, enhance immunity and anti-aging and other functions, much favored by Chinese and foreign guests. Scorpion Scorpion is the main essence of medicinal drugs, scorpion venom of increasing importance to scientists from various countries, high prices in the international market, has two toxins from scorpion venom, the neurotoxins and cellular toxins, which in the nervous elements, molecular immunology, Molecular evolution, protein structure and function has a broad application prospects. Some European and American countries have scorpion venom preparations for clinical use. Currently, there are many research institutes to study and plan production. Scorpion venom on the nervous system, digestive system, cardiovascular system, cancer, skin diseases, other diseases, as well as great harm to the human viruses are the prevention and inhibition. Scorpion venom can be expected for human health care business will play a significant role. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences determined according to: Yimeng clamp Buthus martensii Karsch venom contains toxic protein, hyaluronidase, biogenic amines and other ingredients, toxins of the total protein content of 75%. Semi-lethal dose for mice (ld50) 1.6 mg per kg body weight (males) and 1.4 mg (females) less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg. 【English name】 scorpio 【Source】 This species can Scorpion Scorpion buthus martensii karsch dry body. Late spring to early autumn capture, removal of silt, and placing in boiling water or boiling salt water, boil the whole body stiff, remove, home ventilation, dried. 【Method】 to remove impurities, washed and dried. 【Properties】 The product was the first flat chest and abdomen before the long oval-shaped after the end of abdomen, shrinkage curve, complete by body length 6cm. Were green-brown head and chest, in front of one pair of claws short limbs and the 1 foot long to be like a large clamp, shaped like pincers on the back covered with trapezoidal carapace, four pairs of ventral surface there is sufficient, both 7, at the end of the with 2 claw hooks; before the abdomen formed by the seven, VII, color depth, the carapace has five ridge line. The back greenish brown, brown abdomen after, 6, the festival has longitudinal groove, a sharp distal hook stinger, stinger-free from the bottom. Gas micro-fishy taste salty. Tropism of taste】 【Sim, Ping; toxic. Owned by the liver. 【Indication】 Wind, antispasmodic, attack drug Sanjie Tongluozhitong. For children with convulsion, convulsion spasm distorted in the air, hemiplegia, tetanus, rheumatism, paralysis stubborn, prejudiced, headache, sore, M. scrofulaceum. Dosage 3 ~ 6g. 【Storage】 home dry place, moth. Extract】 【"Chinese Pharmacopoeia"
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Pharmacokinetics
125i with radioisotope labeled drug l.quinquestcmlibiatus scorpion venom, im and ip to female rats. Found in the death of the rat kidney in the highest radioactivity, and radioactivity in the brain the lowest. 1. The former shows excretion of scorpion venom in mice is very fast rate, because 15 minutes after injection of urine discharged by the high radioactivity were also found; 2. While the latter is illustrated by scorpion venom is not easy to blood-brain barrier. 3. The results also suggest that the lung and heart have high radioactivity, which may be due to the initial site of action of scorpion venom of these organs, and then, with the spread of the distribution Youxiang organizations.
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Pharmacology
1. Anticonvulsant effect: 2. Antiepileptic effect: 3. To the heart and cardiovascular function: 4. The role of the brain: 5. Scorpion venom on the skeletal muscle nerve function: in the rat phrenic nerve diaphragm specimens, observing scorpion venom on nerve, muscle, and the role of neuromuscular transmission results show that: 5.1. In scorpion venom (3 × 10-5g/ml) under the action of the electrode by the adsorbed phase of phrenic nerve led the decline phase of action potential gradually extended to form a platform, 3 hours after the potential duration of up to 100ms or more. 5.2. Scorpion venom (5 × 10-7-6 × 10-5g/ml) significant changes in muscle fiber action potential waveform, reducing muscle cell resting membrane potential. If using 6 × l0-5g/ml scorpion venom treatment the concentration of the diaphragm, within half an hour to make the phase of muscle fiber action potential was decreased greatly extended to form a platform. Membrane potential after 1 hour by the control of 78 ± 4mv reduced to 59 ± 13mv, 2 hours later to 55 ± 8mv. 5.3. Tetrodotoxin can be reduced by 3 scorpion venom shocked membrane potential of muscle recover quickly, but with the extension of time to slow slightly again can be reduced. 5.4. In tetrodotoxin to myocytes disappeared, adding to the solution of scorpion venom, 0.5 hours after washing away the two together, the re-emergence of the action potential also with a clear platform. 5.5. In the joint delivery has been high mg2 + or tubocurarine repressor plus scorpion venom on the specimens, the single indirect stimulation elicited a string of end-plate potential, and even cause muscle contraction. 5.6. Scorpion venom (1 × 10-5g/ml) significantly increased the release of small end-plate potential frequency, the role of l hour after the frequency up to 100 times / sec or more. 5.7. Muscle contractile response to indirect stimulation after joining the first increase of scorpion venom, and then gradually decline in concentration of 1 × 10-5g/ml 1.5-2 hours under the action of scorpion venom delivery repressor, this time on the direct stimulation of muscle contraction responded quickly lost, scorpion venom also significantly longer single contraction is mainly diastolic duration, the role of the single contraction of 2 minutes duration of 1sec or more, and wash away part of scorpion venom can only recover. 6. Scorpion venom on cultured mouse myocardial cells in the sodium channel blocking effect: Cultured mouse myocardial cells, and guide their action potential, scorpion venom 3.75 or 7.5ug · ml action potential of myocardial cells during depolarization process and all the parameters become smaller, vmax, tp, apa showed a significant dose dependent, elution recovery. Similar effect 2.5ug · ml tetrodotoxin, nimodipine 3.0ug · ml of action potential duration shortened, bacl20.1mmol · l-1 to extend the duration, in addition to extremely reduce the parameters that have sodium channel blocking scorpion venom effect. 7. Anti-tumor effects: Scorpion extraction should be 0.2ml (quite crude drug 0.04g / only), across a large subcutaneous administration for 5 consecutive days after treatment discontinuation 8 days and 11 days, on the cell sarcoma (srs) solid tumor inhibition rate of 38.8% and 55.5%; on a 737 ma breast cancer, daily administration of a total of 12 times, the inhibition rate was 51.8%, 30.4% discontinued 8 days. Ascites of srs survival rate of mice with a tumor on longer than the control group 12.5% -20.7%. The data indicate that mice with tumors significantly inhibited tumor growth. Scorpion 530 Crude Extract from cultured cells were all dead heal off the wall. 795 lung adenocarcinoma of la a prolonged survival of mice with tumors 29.2%. Heliconia East Asian clam stomach, preventing inhibition rate of treated group s180 sarcoma 45.o%, treatment of sarcoma treatment group s180 inhibition rate of 47.6%, indicating that both prevention and treatment.
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Chinese Medicines
With scorpion venom (katsutoxin), a similar drug, Department of neurotoxic proteins, scorpion venom contains a variety of toxins, including neurotoxins insects, crustaceans, nerve toxins, mammalian nerve toxin, anti-epileptic activity of the peptide (aep) and analgesic activity of peptides such as scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) Ⅲ, hyaluronidase (hyaluronidase). Scorpio amino acid hydrolysis with acid are: aspartic acid (aspartic acid), threonine (threonine), serine (serine), glutamate (glutamic acid), glycine (glycine), Ala (alanine ), cystine (cystine), Val (valine) methionine (methionine) isoleucine (isoleucine), leucine (leucine), tyrosine (tyrosine), Phe (phenylalanine), Lai acid (lysine), histidine (histidine), Arg (arginine), proline (proline) (as essential amino acids). And with 29 kinds of inorganic elements, there are sodium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, aluminum, copper, manganese, chlorine and so on. In addition, still with trimethylamine (tcmlibimethylamine), betaine (betaine), ammonium salt, picric acid hydroxylamine (hydroxylamine picrate), cholesterol (cholesterol), lecithin (lecithine), scorpion acid (katsu acid), taurine ( taurine) palmitic acid (palmitic acid), linolenic acid (linolenic acid), Hill (Lv Yu) acid, are seventh carbonate (15-methymargaric acid), different oleic acid, twenty-carbonate (arachidic acid). Effect Qufeng Zhijing; Tongluozhitong; Mei drug Sanjie
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Research
From "Shu Materia Medica" ("Chinese Dictionary"), "New Revised Materia Medica" ("Chinese drug sea") 1. "Youyang Miscellaneous ZU": Old South was no scorpion, Kaiyuan early taste of one main book, bamboo Sheng river, often of far south, commonly call the main book worm. Often eaten by scorpion snail, the first to trace the rules, no longer go. That the scorpion stung before and after that the insect. 2. "Kai Bao Materia Medica": scorpion out of Green Island, who form tight little good. 3. "The sketches by": scorpion people today get caught, are forced to dry out and die closing of the fire. Ceramic reclusive "_set_ prescription," says: scorpion has male and female, the male stinging pain only in one place; female who led several pain. If males are mud deposited by the well, temperature is easy; females were under the mud when deposited with the tile roofs of the ditch. Yun: who can not tolerate the pain drug sting, dharmas treatment is not effective, some people make the cold water stains are stains that hand, that is, no pain, pain re-warm the water slightly, that is easy to cold water, cold water is not available at more than, places it Extension of the cloth, the small warm is easy, all experience. 4. "Outline": scorpion water turtles, eight feet and tail, and with restraint, color blue, this catch more than those who eat the salt mud. 5. "Materia Medica prepared to": people have been stung by scorpion, snail that the solution coating. Classification of families and genera Scorpion Section Latin name
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scorpio drugs (drug) Science
1. Scorpion venom (buthotoxin, formerly katsutoxin) primary role is to respiratory paralysis, the minimum lethal dose for rabbits was 0.07, and 0.5 in mice, frogs to 0.7mg/kg. Limbs of rabbit poisoning symptoms tonic spasm, salivation, respiratory arrest, and increased blood pressure, frogs are shown in fibrous contracture of the limbs, following the excited state in mice after the limbs and respiratory paralysis. No scorpion venom hemolysis and blood coagulation. On the inhibition of isolated frog heart, blood vessels of the frog hindlimb contraction on isolated rabbit intestine and frog bladder were excited. 2. Tetanus scorpion soup on the efficacy of experimental animals: Scorpion 15g, red peony 12.5g, rhubarb 10g, licorice 7.5g, 200ml decoction made of is the scorpion soup. Scorpion soup with 1-10% 60-90 minutes, mixed with tetanus no inhibitory effect, but mixed in the culture medium, there is a certain extent. Not in and of tetanus toxin or damaging. Scorpion soup, whether oral or subcutaneous injection, experimental mice against tetanus in guinea pigs or no treatment or preventive effect. Mice by oral, subcutaneous or intravenous injection of scorpion soup 0.1-1ml / only, guinea pig oral or subcutaneous 0.2-5ml / only, showed no obvious symptoms of poisoning. 3. Toxicity: From the north of the abdominal section of live scorpion venom gland was mentioned toxins can be produced in mice intravenously 0.5-1.0mg/kg salivation and convulsions, leading to the rabbit intravenous 0.07-0.1mg/kg miosis, salivation, tonic convulsions, and finally suffocated. Scorpion venom in mice ipld50 to 2.4mg/kg, mammalian neurotoxin from scorpion venom in mice ipld50 Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 0.48mg/kg and 0.63mg/kg.
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Indications
Infantile convulsion; twitch spasm; in the air ; hemiplegia; tetanus; rheumatoid stubborn Bi; prejudiced headache; toothache; deafness; carbuncle swollen sore; M. scrofulaceum sputum nuclear; snake bites; burn; rubella; stubborn psoriasis Ecological Environment Hi rock bottom and crevice habitats in the humid shadows.
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Each paper
1. "Kai Bao Materia Medica": treatment of various wind urticaria, and stroke hemiplegia, eye and mouth Wai oblique, language astringent, hand-foot-pumping button. 2. "The sketches by": governance shock convulsions in children. 3. "Materia Medica will compile": Tetanus should adopt a Scorpio, wind-based. 4. "Outline": governance adults Jie malaria, deafness, hernias, and various wind sores, women vaginal discharge, vaginal removal. 5. "Materia Medica is": open air sputum. 6. "King of Catalpa drug solution": wear bars Speranskia, except by the wet wind. 7. "Shandong herbal Manual": Wind, meridians, antispasmodic. Governance tied obliterans blood, lymph node tuberculosis, bone and joint tuberculosis, mumps. 8. "Ben Cao Yan Yi": scorpion, adults and children with GM, Treating Infantile convulsion, not Que also. Useful to all those who have only shoot, shoot, especially work force. 9. "Outline": scorpion, foot Jueyin The drug is also, therefore treatment of various diseases Jue Yin. Dizzy all the wind out, pull the button, malaria, chills and fever, deafness obscure, as both the dedication chilly wind wood, so Li Gao Yun, who hernia vaginal discharge, all belong to the wind, the wind scorpion is the rule to the drug, both should be added and used. 10. "Materia Medica truth": Scorpio, specifically hepatic expelling wind, where the children tire spirit twitch, adult half fail to materialize, mouth and eyes? Oblique, language Jian Shibuya, hand, foot and pull the button, malaria, chills and fever, deafness, vaginal discharge, because the outside air inside the passenger, no need of. 11. ZHANG Shou Yi: Scorpion is a worm, Weixin. It can cure the wind, good at taking cover Yiyi channeling, therefore, to the wind prostitution can be cured by wet paralysis may benefit. If the action of the wind, should be static not dynamic, like non-toxicity of the insect as this may be a large jump again. However, the wind ancient constant saliva for governance adults, children were scared Luan, good dynamic within the storm, and young families wind Luan, are relying on increased phlegm, sputum will drop open air, before it can be temporarily level the flame. View Cuba Multi Heliconia, cover the power of this worm, all that end, temperament down, and the drugs begin with Stanford in this matter saline, the salt has run, is working with the blood on the condition Ivana tit for tat. Decoction into the light those three, four reusable, five, also into pellets and users, can be more.
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Harvesting and storage
After the beginning of autumn harvest, if it is small-scale farming, can be directly scorpion grip on the use of chopsticks or tweezers to collect the container, if the custody or use of room inside to _set_ more complex and difficult to remove the scorpion nest, may apply to the fossa spray liquor or alcohol, scorpion ran out due to ethanol, which can stimulate the collector. Scorpion processing methods, one is the "salt Scorpion" will scorpion cleaned soaked in salt water pot 6-12h (salt concentration of 4% -5%), fish, and then placed in boiling salt water to boil for 10 -20min, then remove and lay it dry and ventilated place. The other is "short Scorpion", the first scorpion venom extraction, high-frequency electrical stimulation can also be used sub-grip clip Heliconia, artificial stimulation of head and chest, so to get the venom of scorpion toxins. Distribution of resources Mainly distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, and Hubei.
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Election party
1. Qianzheng Powder ("Young's home hidden side"), chills and phlegm Zhijing, attending stroke, Kouyanwaixie. 2. Zhijing powder ("Prescription study" Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine series), chills Zhijing, attending spasm Jue, limbs twitch, intractable headache, joint pain. 3. Fab Five Herd San (Shi Chuanen the well-known party "Traditional Chinese Medicine"), chills and spasm, pain, attending tetanus, trismus, tetany, who opisthotonus. 4. Summarized the wind scattered ("Treatment of the criterion"), attending panic epilepsy, tetanus, convulsions. Drug contraindications Blood deficiency causing wind and pregnant women cut clothing.
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Animal Forms
Scorpion, body length 60mm, torso (head and chest and abdomen before) for the green-brown, tail (after the abdomen) is khaki. Cephalothorax trapezoidal carapace. Side of the eye 3 pairs. Sternum triangular, chelation upper limb of the clamp-like 2 teeth. Contact clamp-like limbs, upper and lower limbs particles inside the 12 diagonal line. 3, 4 on the pereiopod are from the tibia, the end of each ambulatory leg tarsus with 2 claws and a distance. Back before the abdomen on the first ridge line 5. Reproduction by the two semicircular operculum composed of a film. 16-25 pieces of comb-like device with teeth. Abdomen after each of the first four ridge line 10, section 5 right, 5, Article 6 of the lethal-free from the bottom. Effectiveness of classification Pinggan Wind, medicine; Qufeng drugs
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Cultivation of medicinal plants
Living habits, likes living in dark and humid place, day out at night, afraid frozen winter in the soil in the underlying, long-term do not eat until after Jingzhe out activities. Carnivorous animals, eating small insects, ants, earthworms, Eupolyphaga worms, woodlice and other succulent mollusks. Perennial, and reproduce prolifically. Propagation time is normally in July or so. Breeding techniques (1) basin support: 1 with a big tub, the basin filled with water, put one in the big tub in the basin, small basin and put some soil field, in keeping scorpions on the Sui uncle. This method should be the initial small-scale farming. (2) Housing support: scorpion room styles and sizes, depending on environmental conditions and Yangxie how much, the general length, width about 3m high of about 2.6m. Left front door a wall in the back window 3-4, leaving the walls of the ground by the small hole, so the scorpion out. 1m from the wall outside the room is about place, about 15cm deep digging ditches one ring rooms, rooms to prevent the formation of a scorpion Shui Wai, run away. Scorpion room with adobe brick, adobe retain a gap between, for scorpion live outside of the wall with mud seals. Room along the wall 1.3m high wall around the adobe release layer, leaving a certain gap between the adobe for the scorpion to live. Care or housing support both basins, have to pay attention to the Committee in the spring before breeding scorpions do put their work in proportion to the male species of scorpion 1 / 3 or 1 / 4, female scorpion 2 / 3 or 3 / 4 is appropriate. (3) Quick Yangxie law: General Yangxie 2 times to go through hibernation, molting 6, 3 years to grow on. Has developed artificial control of temperature, light, humidity means vote for adequate food, without hibernation, 1 year to grow to maturity. Feeding and management, scorpions and more on insects, often need to put food feeding; night room window in the scorpion to lure small flying insects on the lighting for the scorpion predation. Housing needs keep moist scorpion, and anti-have frogs, snakes, lizards and birds and other animals attack victims. Underlying soil in winter no scorpion, scorpion room sealed with soil to prevent freezing, thawing until the following year, and then remove the seal mud layer.
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Processing Methods
1. Scorpion "San Franciscans overall record": "to the foot." "To the end." "Hondo _set_ prescription": "Soup to intra-abdominal soaked soil." "Zhu multi-_set_ prescription": "Heliconia to sting. "" Shou Shi Bao Yuan ":" wash away the smell of urine. "current, taking the original herbs, wash or rinse to remove impurities and dry. 2. Wine Scorpion "San Franciscans overall record": "Jiuchao." "Pu Ji Fang": "Jiujin soft, bamboo knife for two." "Sore book" "Jiuxi, tiles drying." present, take the net Scorpion, with Jiuxi after drying. 3. System Scorpion "Pu Ji Fang": "mint leaves wrapped with borneol, line is the bamboo Sunburn, Hou mint coke, go to." "Treatment of the criterion": "Jiujin dried mint leaves open, including the Sunburn is also can be. "current, take appropriate amount of mint leaves add boiling water, cover closely, bubble 0.5h, to Java. Mint water and then wash Yanshuang, remove, filtered water, dried or low temperature drying. Every Scorpion 100kg, mint leaves 20kg.
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Identification of raw medicinal herbs
Character identification, the goods before the first chest and abdomen was flat oblong, caudate after the abdomen, shrinkage curve. Full body length by 6cm. Were green-brown head and chest, 1 on the short front limbs and claws 1 on the large clamp-like feet long to be, the shape of pincers, the back of the Kumufengchun a trapezoidal carapace, ventral with less than 4 pairs, all seven, at the end of the with 2 claw hooks; before the abdomen formed by the 7, Section 7 color depth, the carapace has five ridge line. The back greenish brown, brown abdomen after, 6, the festival has longitudinal groove, a sharp distal hook stinger, stinger-free from the bottom. Gas micro-fishy taste salty. Microscopic identification, powder characteristics: yellow-brown. ① body wall (chitin exoskeleton) debris brown or yellow-green, shiny. Polygonal outer skin surface view was mesh-like texture, arranged in neat rows, and some irregular, while a slight tip protrusion, the surface of visible clouds of fine particles nest hair, small mouth hole and tumor-like processes. Prominent in the outer epidermal hair nest, round or oval, diameter 18-45μm, often at the base of the _set_ae break off or fall off; round population is also small-diameter 4-10μm, in the polygonal mesh-like texture or slightly below the prominent; tumor-like processes light brown or almost colorless, hash, or arranged in rows, surface view of centipede-like ridge; sectional view of the green outer skin yellow, the inside than the flat, colorless within the epidermis, with horizontal stripes, both inside and outside runs through the epidermis more micro-channels of varying lengths. Chek Lap Kok Having no or a few light greenish yellow skin colorless, surface view shows different sizes, arranged in irregular circular processes, like the toast, and was particulate. ② striated muscle fibers are more nearly colorless or pale yellow, more fragmented, side view over the edge was smooth or slightly wavy, out with a dark-bandwidth, out with a dark line in the dark with a dense short vertical texture, and some out with the dark band with several other wide and have a long vertical stripes, and some light and dark with a dense arrangement. ③ _set_ae yellow brown, and more fragmented, apex acute or obtuse, base slightly narrower, pale, middle body diameter of 8-40μm, with a vertical straight texture, marrow were thin, parietal than straight. Fat droplets and more colorless or pale yellow.
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Identification of drug application
Silkworm and the Scorpion, with the drugs for the insects, both to Qufeng spasm, commonly used in stroke, Kouyanwaixie, tetanus and other evidence, but the Scorpion sweet, and its role in Zhijing stronger than the silkworm, and toxic, can attack drug Sanjie; silkworm taste salty, human lung by, can Qufeng phlegm, and non-toxic, with phlegm Sanjie swelling of the power.
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No. 16
Scorpio ("Shu Materia Medica") 【】 Scorpion synonyms ("Book of Songs"), scorpion tail worm ("Shuo Wen"), Du Bo ("Guang Ya"), the main book worm ("Youyang Miscellaneous ZU"), wood-louse Qi ("Shu Materia Medica" ), all insects ("sexual experience shape identification method of Chinese medicine"), Fu back worm ("Shanxi Chinese Medicine Chi"). 【Source】 animal subjects for the Scorpion Scorpion dry whole insect. 【Form】 Scorpion Animal Ovoviviparous. More cave, hi habitat in rock crevices, or under dead leaves, nocturnal, predatory animals such as insects and spiders. Are distributed throughout the country, more areas to the north of the Yangtze River. 【Collection】 mid-spring to early autumn, the wild catch from the scorpion. Before and after Qingming to capture those Guyu, known as the "Scorpion Spring", when the soil is not food, better quality; summer production of more, called "V Scorpion", because it has fresh soil quality over time. Scorpion feeding following year, collected 1, usually in the autumn evening, with light trapping, to be sent out after the scorpion into the use of chopsticks smooth Cipen relying on, or in the hole under a basin, into the cylinder. After the arrest was first immersed in clean water, let it spit out the dirt, then remove, _set_ the boiling pot, add a small amount of salt, after boiling, water drift off, dry. 【】 Dry ingredients all insects, head chest and abdomen was flat before the long oval-shaped after the end of the abdomen. Complete by about 6 cm. All the green-brown, abdomen and limbs are yellow, brown spines tip. After the break seen in the chest with black or brown residue, after the abdomen hollow. Light body, crisp, gas micro-fishy taste salty. The color yellow, complete, and the belly of a small debris is preferred. Subsequently the abdomen by a single person, known as the "Heliconia", also known as "scorpion tip." Main Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Anhui and other places. Chemical Composition】 【with scorpion venom, a similar Department of neurotoxic snake venom proteins. In addition, with trimethylamine, betaine, taurine, palmitic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, lecithin and ammonium salt and so on. Europe and North Africa produced the venom of scorpion toxin with neural Ⅰ and Ⅱ, Ⅱ its neurotoxicity is a peptide of 64 amino acid chain. 【】 ① anticonvulsant pharmacological effect San Zhijing oral administration in mice (scorpion and centipede equal mixture of dry powder) 1 g per day, and even served 1,3,9 days after Wujia en tetrazolium, strychnine and nicotine were caused by seizures the role of a fight against the effects of strychnine convulsions most significant, followed by nicotine, Wujia en tetrazole worse, cocaine does not. Scorpion and centipede 1 gram per day alone were also effective, but the effect of Scorpion worse than the centipede. ② the role of the cardiovascular system 【Toxicity】 primary role of scorpion venom as the respiratory paralysis, the minimum lethal dose for rabbits was 0.07, and 0.5 in mice, frogs and 0.7 mg / kg. Limbs of rabbit poisoning symptoms tonic spasm, salivation, respiratory arrest, and increased blood pressure, frogs are shown in fibrous contracture of the limbs, following the excited state in mice after the limbs and respiratory paralysis. No scorpion venom hemolysis and blood coagulation. On the inhibition of isolated frog heart, blood vessels of the frog hindlimb contraction on isolated rabbit intestine and frog bladder were excited. Scorpion soup effect of tetanus on the test animals: Scorpion 15 grams, 12.5 grams of red peony, rhubarb 10 grams, 7.5 grams licorice, make 200 ml decoction is the scorpion soup. Scorpion with a 10% mixture of soup and tetanus 60 to 90 minutes no inhibitory effect, but mixed in the culture medium, there is a certain extent. Not in and of tetanus toxin or damaging. Scorpion soup, whether oral or subcutaneous injection, experimental mice against tetanus in guinea pigs or no treatment or preventive effect. Mice by oral, subcutaneous or intravenous injection of scorpion soup from 0.1 to 1 ml / mouse, oral or subcutaneous injection of guinea pigs 0.2 to 5 ml / mouse, showed no obvious symptoms of poisoning. Processing】 【drift salty water, dried, or baked with Weihuo. ① "outline": "baked enough medicine to use." ② "this by every original": "rolling bubble vinegar to salt, stir the dry." 】 【Taste salty, flat, toxic. ① "Japan Hanako Materia Medica": "Ping." ② "Kai Bao Materia Medica": "sweet and acrid, poisonous." ③ "medical Lin compile to": "bitter salty, cold." Meridian】 【"Gang Day": "Foot Jue Yin Meridian." 【Indications】 Qufeng function, Zhijing, meridians, detoxification. Governance convulsion pumping pick, epilepsy, stroke, hemiplegia, Kouyanwaixie, migraine, Fengshibitong, tetanus, lymph node tuberculosis, rubella sores. ① "Kai Bao Materia Medica": "treatment of various wind urticaria, and stroke hemiplegia, Kouyanwaixie, language astringent, hand-foot-pumping button." ② "The sketches by": "Governance shock convulsions in children." ③ "Materia Medica will compile": "Tetanus should adopt a Scorpio, wind-based." ④ "outline": "governance adults Xuan malaria, deafness, hernias, and various wind sores, women vagina discharge off." ⑤ "Materia Medica is": "On the wind phlegm." ⑥ "Yu Catalpa drug solution": "wear bars Speranskia, except by the wet wind." ⑦ "Shandong herbal Manual": "Wind, meridians, antispasmodic. Governance thromboangiitis obliterans, lymph node tuberculosis, bone and joint tuberculosis, mumps." Usage and Dosage】 Oral: Jian Tang, Scorpio 0.8 1.5 Money, Heliconia 3 to 5 minutes; or into pills, powder. Topical: apply transfer into powder. Taboo】 【the wind who Jifu deficiency. ① "Ben Cao Jing Shu": "Children seem slow strokes and spleen wind, disease is true, law bogey of salt." ② "Materia Medica truth": "avoid the snail." ①】 【election party of infant irritability: a scorpion, do not head to tail, four mint leaves wrapped together, so that the fire Sunburn mint coke, with the research for the end, for four, soup the next. Adults, only one wind saliva. ("Experience Party") ② treatment days fishing convulsion, eyes turned up: a dried scorpion (W fried), cinnabar three bean large. To the end, rice balls, mung bean large, outside the little cinnabar, with the wine of the next pill. ("Sheng Hui Fang") ③ governance JE twitch: one or two scorpion, centipede or two, silkworm twenty-two, Tianma one or two. Joint research to fine, each serving three to five; severe seizures spasm Jue, can be a money service, after every four to six hours, serving three, five. (Hubei, "the exchange of experience in medical grass") ④ governance wind dysentery in children: scorpion thirty, take a large pomegranate, cut to the Son to be the first pot, accept the scorpion on the middle letters in paper wrapped bars and Wong, initial Sunburn dry, gradually burning that pass red, long time to Paper let cool, take them charred by, fine research into bulk. Each serving of milk transferred to the next word. Slightly larger children to wind the second half of the money soups. ("Sheng Hui Fang") ⑤ treat epilepsy: Scorpio, turmeric, alum of the same amount. Powdered mix, each serving five, day three. (Inner Mongolia "Law of new medical information herbal _Select_ed") ⑥ treatment of hypertension, atherosclerosis induced headache: all insects, Ur of the second money, Lai Participation second money. Total Yan Mo, each port twice, each serving two money. (Inner Mongolia "Law of new medical information herbal _Select_ed") ⑦ treatment of stroke, Kouyanwaixie, hemiplegia: white monkshood, white ginger silkworm, scorpion (detoxification) of the decile (and students to use.) For the fine, each serving a money transfer under the hot wine, informal time. ("Young's home hidden side" a slight positive divergence) ⑧ governance deaf ears storm closed: Scorpio detoxification, for the end of the wine service a money order to the ears hear the sound of water efficiency. ("Chi Ya-tang Prose") ⑨ governance thromboangiitis obliterans, lymph node tuberculosis, bone and joint tuberculosis: Scorpio, earthworm, earth element, centipede each decile, research to fine, or a pan of water for the pills. Eight per serving three times daily. ("Shandong herbal Manual") ⑩ governance wind kinky wet weakness, hand, foot and do not move, twin joints and pain: first with the clearance of seven times to Scorpio, W Fried, musk into the word, research absorbed, alcohol three, hollow transfer service: If perception is through the only, not through another service; If the patient is not entirely eliminated, since the root after the post to PO Artemisia washed Jiu Jian, day two. ("Ren Fang Zhai directed") ⑾ treatment of tetanus: Musk (Research), dried scorpion one point each. To the end, wrap the affected area. ("Pu Ji Fang," Musk Powder) ⑿ governance wind Cuokou umbilical newborn children, cry no more milk, mouth out of foam: Scorpio twenty-one, painted with good wine for the end of Sunburn, musk word (other research). And in the fine. With a half-word, Jiantang transfer service. ("Regimen all recipe," declared the wind scattered) ⒀ wind of infant umbilical Cuokou, Mianchi Chuanji, cry no: barefooted a golden head centipede, scorpion shoot four, seven ginger silkworm, Dianthus superbus half the money. For the end of the first drug with a goose feather blown into the nasal tube, so as to sneeze crow medicine, after the transfer service with mint soup. ("Pocket square") ⒁ the treatment of chronic bronchitis: a scorpion. Shuijianbi. (Inner Mongolia "Law of new medical information herbal _Select_ed") ⒂ governance axillary Tuberculosis: Scorpio seven, fourteen free oneself. Decoction taken orally. ("Quanzhou Materia Medica") ⒃ governance groin swollen nucleus, since the beginning of cold and heat, such as malaria, but recurrence is sometimes more, each time increasing drama, the final leg skin imaging: i since the beginning of the scorpion to the pin head with a dry, fire baked into powder, Paojiu orally. Money every time to one-fifth of the money. Ii Scorpion seven feet to the head, put eggs in boiling water to the scorpion, a single fresh egg. ("Quanzhou Materia Medica") ⒄ governance Mumps: Scorpion fried with fragrant yellow, a time to eat, twice daily, and even served on the 2nd. ("Shandong herbal Manual") ⒅ governance of various sore swollen: Scorpio seven, gardenia seven. Ma fried black to the sediment, into yellow wax, into the cream dressing. ("Dan Liu Fang") ⒆ itch hemorrhoid treatment on_set_: Scorpio not to much, or three, two, burning smoke. ("Oil Jane Party") ⒇ governance colonic winds of blood poisoning: alum three (b) two, dried scorpion twenty-two (Wei Chao). Pound Shiloh as a casual, each in the food prior to the warm porridge withered half of the money. ("Sheng Hui Fang") (21) snake bite treatment: Scorpion two, a centipede (Sunburn). Into powder, wine under. ("Experience good medicine") 【】 ① clinical treatment of epilepsy Take Scorpion (with tail), Centipede (go head, foot) contour, dried into powder and honey to Wanru jatropha large, adult daily 1.5 ~ 2.4 money, morning and evening hours service. Children by age, body weight decreased. If there is no toxicity, continuous use. Treatment of 8 cases, 1 case of epileptic seizures stopped; seizure reduction in the number, the date of extension of the interval to ease the rate has increased compared with before treatment in 3 patients; attack symptoms are significantly reduced in 2 cases; ineffective in 2 cases. ② The Bitong Analgesic effect is not only better but also numb the affected area is also effective. Usage: The Scorpion powdered, 4 swallow every morning. If used with other drugs or therapy, the better. ③ treatment of lymph node tuberculosis Take Scorpion, Centipede each one, and research into fine powder, into the eggs a stir fry with cooking oil (avoid iron) taking 1 each morning, about 30 times to achieve the desired result. ④ the treatment of burns Take 30 to 40 live scorpion, immersed into 1 kg of cooking oil, can be used after 12 hours (the longer the soaking time, the stronger the effect.) Injured when the plane with a cut break blisters, apply the oil. Treatment of 8 cases were soon pain, short-term scarring and more. ⑤ the treatment of acute tonsillitis Heliconia take a section, placed in the middle of diameter 2 cm of plaster, affixed to the mandibular angle enlargement of the tonsils under the Founder of the outside skin. If bilateral enlargement, then both sides of the same use. Posted 12 hours that can be generally effective, if not relieved, can continue to use 12 hours. If complications should use other drugs.
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No. 17
Scorpio 【Source】 therapeutic side 【Material】 Scorpion 1 (not head, feet), with a clean tile drying into powder, fresh leeks 250 grams wash. 【Method】 combination of the two, hard rub leeks to mashed, squeezed juice, the brown sugar into the juice of 25 grams. And then placed in the rice cooker and cook rice, cooked, remove, cool to warm, fasting 1 time removed. 1 month seizures were less than 1 times per week, taking 1 or 2 or 3 times a month medication; 1 month 1 to 3 times those attacks, taking 2 to 3 times per week. 5 weeks to 1 course of treatment. Efficacy of continuous medication for the consolidation of 4 to 5 courses. 【Usage】 【Effect】
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Other - Scorpion "Shu Materia Medica"
Animal feed for the Scorpion Scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch dry body. Mainly produced in Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Anhui and other places. Before and after Qingming to capture those Guyu, known as the "Scorpion Spring", when the soil is not food, better quality; summer production of more, called "V scorpion." Scorpion feeding in the fall general, be collected once every other year. In the late spring to early autumn wild scorpion capture, was arrested after the first immersion in water, let it spit out mud, and placing in boiling water or boiling salt water, boil the whole body stiff, remove, home ventilation, dried. Medicinal】 【Xin, Ping. Toxic. Owned by the liver. 【Effect】 Wind, antispasmodic, attack drug Sanjie Tongluozhitong. 【Application】 2. Sore swollen poison, M. scrofulaceum tuberculosis. The taste acrid, toxic, and therefore, Sanjie, poison attack power, and more for external application. Such as "Compendium of Materia Medica" drawing "Dan Liu Fang" with Scorpion, gardenia, Ma fried black to the residue, into the yellow wax for the topical cream, the treatment of various toxic sores; "Medical Zhong parameter West recorded" in order to focus the baked goods, rice wine, the consumer submandibular swelling hard; "experience side" little gold scattered to the product with brucine, Pinellia, Wulingzhi so, for a total fine, made into tablets with, governance stream sputum, M. scrofulaceum, gall tumor and other cards. Modern FDA compatibility centipede, earthworm, insects of equal parts, pan for the pills into powder or water service, to cure lymphatic system, bone and joint tuberculosis. Scorpio is also alone, Hong fried yellow oral treatment of mumps. 3. Bi stubborn rheumatism. This product is good Tongluo pain, long treatment of musculoskeletal wind, tendons Spasm, rather then the joint deformation of the stubborn weakness, the role quite well. Scorpio can be used with a little musk, for a total fine, warm wine delivery service, to relieve pain effectively, such as the Scorpion at the end side ("Ren Vegetarian directed side"); clinical fairly frequently and Radix, nosed pit viper, myrrh, etc. dispelling, blood circulation, getting a vivid of the goods with the use. 4. Polarization intractable headache. The product search wind Tongluozhitong strong effect, with the government prejudiced headache, single herb into powder and swallowed that effective; with Tianma, centipedes, Chuanxiong, silkworm same use, then the effect better. Dosage decoction, 3 ~ 6g. Into powder and swallowed, every 0.6 ~ 1g. External use. 【Note】 This product is toxic to use, dosage should not be too large. Pregnant women with caution. 【Abstract】 Books 1. "Kai Bao Materia Medica": "treatment of various wind urticaria and stroke hemiplegia, eye and mouth oblique, language astringent, hand-foot-pumping button." 2. "The new Materia Medica": "governance of various wind out dizzy, panic button pumping epilepsy, eye and mouth chilly wind wooden ramp ... ... dedication of the disease." 3. "Materia Medica truth": "Scorpion, specifically hepatic expelling wind, where the children tire spirit twitch, adult hemiplegia, eye and mouth oblique, language Jian Shibuya, hand-foot-pumping valves, malaria, chills and fever, deafness, vaginal discharge, because the the wind outside the off, no need of. " Modern research】 【 1. Chemical Composition: The product contains scorpion venom, a neurotoxin similar to snake venom proteins. And contain trimethylamine, betaine, taurine, palmitic acid, soft stearic acid, cholesterol, lecithin and ammonium salt and so on. Yet sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese and other trace elements. Pain is the most studied are the most active scorpion toxin Ⅲ, epilepsy peptide (AEP) and so on. 2. Pharmacological effects: Scorpion toxin and purified from the venom of antiepileptic peptide (AEP) has obvious antiepileptic effect; Scorpion on strychnine, nicotine, seizures caused by pentylenetetrazol, etc. There antagonism; all scorpion animal extracts to inhibit thrombosis and anticoagulant effect; scorpion body and Heliconia pain or physical agents on visceral pain in animals were significantly analgesic effect; Heliconia stronger analgesic effects than scorpion about 5 times the body; Scorpio water alcohol extract, respectively, on human liver and colon cancer cells was inhibited.
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Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 Edition
Name: Scorpio Pinyin: Quanxie English name: SCORPIO Base of the original: This product is related species Scorpion Scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch dry body. Late spring to early autumn capture, removal of silt, and placing in boiling water or boiling salt water, boil the whole body stiff, remove, home ventilation, dried. Characters: This product is head and thorax and abdomen was flat before the long oval-shaped after the end of the abdomen was, shrinkage curve, the full body length by 6cm. Were green-brown head and chest, 1 on the short front limbs and claws 1 on the large clamp-like feet long to be, the shape of pincers, the back covered with trapezoidal carapace, ventral with less than 4 pairs, all seven, at the end of the with 2 claw hooks; before the abdomen formed by the 7, Section 7 color depth, the carapace has five ridge line. The back greenish brown, brown abdomen after, 6, the festival has longitudinal groove, a sharp distal hook stinger, stinger-free from the bottom. Gas micro-fishy taste salty. Extract: Determination of acid soluble extract according to law under the hot dip method (Appendix Ⅹ A) the determination of dilute ethanol as solvent, not less than 20.0%. Processing methods: Remove impurities, washed and dried. Nature: Xin, Ping; toxic. Meridian: Owned by the liver. Efficacy: Wind, antispasmodic, attack drug Sanjie Tongluozhitong. Indications: For children with convulsion, convulsion seizures, the outlet (wai), hemiplegia, tetanus, rheumatism, paralysis stubborn, prejudiced, headache, sore, M. scrofulaceum. Dosage: 3-6g. Storage: Home and dry place, moth. Chinese and Western medicine Category: Chinese medicine (herbs and Pieces)
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Chinese herbal medicine
SCORPIO
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Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000
Scorpio Pinyin: Quanxie English name: SCORPIO Page number: 2000 edition -111 This product is Scorpion Scorpion ButhusmartensiiKarsch species can dry the body. Late spring to early autumn Capture, remove the silt, and placing in boiling water or boiling salt water, boil the whole body stiff, remove, home ventilation, dried. 【Properties】 The product was head and chest with a flat abdomen oblong, caudate after the abdomen, shrinkage curve, complete By body length 6cm. Were green-brown head and chest, 1 on the short front limbs and claws 1 on the large clamp-like feet long to be, shaped Like pincers on the back covered with trapezoidal carapace, ventral with less than 4 pairs, are seven, each with 2 claw hook end; before the abdomen from 7 Section composition, section VII, color depth, the carapace has five ridge line. The back greenish brown, brown abdomen after, 6, Festival Both longitudinal groove, there are sharp distal hook stinger, stinger-free from the bottom. Gas micro-fishy taste salty. 】 【Processing to remove impurities, washed and dried. The properties and owned by 【】 Sim, Ping; toxic. Owned by the liver. 【Functions and Indications】 Wind, antispasmodic, attack drug Sanjie Tongluozhitong. For children with convulsion, convulsion convulsion, in the Outlet {Guo}, hemiplegia, tetanus, rheumatism, paralysis stubborn, prejudiced, headache, sore, M. scrofulaceum. 【Usage and Dosage】 3 ~ 6g. 【Storage】 home dry place, moth.
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Wikipedia Daquan
Scorpio scorpio Scorpion species can Buthus martensii Karsch scorpion dry body.