 中原解放区
Central Plains - North pillow of the Yellow River, south of the Yangtze, east Sulu, west Sichuan and Shaanxi, is the linking north, east, south and northwest of the major hub. In the Central Plains, the water has the Yellow, Huaihe, Yangtze and Han ... ... Dabie mountains, Dahongshan, Tongbaishan, Funiu Hill. Railway road, extending in all directions. Mild climate, rich products.
In the liberation war, from October 1945 to June 1949, the CPC led the majority of the people of the Central Plains, Central Plains twice to open up and create a liberated area. The creation and development of Central China Liberated Area, on the victory to win the national liberation war played a major role.
Central China Liberated Area 3 years and 8 months of history can be roughly divided into three stages:
The first phase, from October 1945 to May 1947. This phase of the event are:
Chiang Kai-shek in order to seize the strategically important Central Plains, and thus provoke a civil war and brazenly tore up the two parties signed the "National Government and the representatives of the CPC Minutes of Talks" and "cease-fire order", after another siege of the Central Plains of the PLA to send heavily. From April 1946, the Chiang Kai-shek reorganized divisions to mobilize 30 million in 26 forces around the liberated areas in the Central Plains to build more than 6,000 blocks bunkers, digging trenches and fortifications more than 1O section, occupying towns and villages 1175, the Central China Liberated Area down to the shop Xuanhua aspect as the center of the small area less than a hundred miles, covering an area less than the original 1/1O.
Central Plains in the Central People's Liberation Army, under the leadership of the Central Plains Bureau and abide by the "Double Ten Agreement" and "cease-fire order," this situation, and strive for peace and democracy, try to avoid civil war. To this end, the Central Plains Military representatives, representatives of the Kuomintang troops 6 months negotiating the Central Plains. However, there is no sincerity for peace talks on behalf of KMT, under the guise of peace talks, while the iron play, proceeded to march in an attempt to swallow the Central Plains area.
Wiped out in one fell swoop paranoia surrounding Chiang Kai-shek's Liberation Army Central Plains, manufacturing the second "South Anhui Incident." Chiang Kai-shek to crush this evil conspiracy, the Central Plains and the People's Liberation Army Central Military Commission, instructed the CPC Central Committee, ahead of the KMT launched before the total siege, launched the Central Plains breakout campaign, the strategic shift. Central Plains is the national liberation war break out of a major battle. CPC Central Military Commission to the Central Plains Military telegram said: "The whole battle is victory breakthrough, the enemy is no income, you have to mobilize this action Cheng Qian, Liu Zhi and Hu Tsung-nan 3 strength, to the reactionaries with great shock and difficulties, Therefore, the actions you a great overall situation. "
Breakthrough victory in the Central Plains of the PLA after the break forces fought in North Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi Province, Border 3, created the Yue Shan guerrilla base. Breakout forces into the South to Mount Wudang in Hubei area, created a guerrilla base northwest Hubei. The two bases of the army and the Central Plains after the break to stay in place to combat the guerrillas and the people insist, in the liberation war, the strategic defensive phase, through a very difficult time. Withstood the severe test.
November 1946, the Central Plains Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to move to the leading organs of Yan'an. January 1947, the Central Plains Bureau held a meeting in Yan'an, the CPC Central Committee report. According to the changing situation, the Central Plains of the PLA in the spring of 1947, have from the yellow base of Henan, Hebei batch transferred to the yellow to the rest Taiyue liberated.
The second phase, from May 1947 to May 1948, at this stage of the event are:
Armed with two wings contain, breaking the Yellow River, water the horses Yangtze River, Central Plains, the country's liberation war to a new stage, which is the most powerful and spectacular during the Liberation War of the scene. According to the CPC Central Committee, Central Military Commission of the strategic plan, LAU (Bocheng) Deng (Xiaoping) army in 1947, the night of June 30 started strong crossed the Yellow River, the implementation of the central break, smash Chiang Kai-shek's "dumbbell" strategy, succeed and achieve victory in Southwest. Then, to seize the aircraft and troops on the south, on the night of August 7, broken down into smaller 3-way leap to the Dabie Mountains. Lasted 21 days and traveled more than a thousand years to reach the Dabie Mountain area, like a sword piercing the heart of the enemy. Strategy through strategic expansion and start again from September to December, the enemy had 3 large round fight, has created the Hubei, Henan, West Anhui, Tongbai NORMAL 4 new liberated areas. In line with Liu and Deng Yuejin Dabie Mountains thousands of miles, Chen (SAC) Xie (rich government) troops on August 22, 23, crossed the Yellow River, the rapid expansion in western Henan Province, after the Longhai West, outside of Luoyang, the eastern foot of peace barberry Han southern section of the "four war four Jie", Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi created liberated. Chen (Yi) Su (Yu) army started from September 26, broken down into smaller 5-way advance to the Yu Wansu region, liberated large areas quickly so that the development of Yu Wansu areas across the 3 provinces (Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu) , surrounded by 3 Road (Longhai, Jin Pu, Ping-Han Railway), an area of 60,000 square kilometers in the liberated areas. Liu and Deng, Chen Xie, Chen Su 3-way force, the situation together, swept the Central Plains, dash in the river, the Huai river, between the Han. After 4 months of heroic fighting, and annihilated 19.5 million people, the liberation of hundreds of county seats, including Hubei, Henan, created, West Anhui, Tongbai, Jianghan, Hubei and Henan and Shaanxi New Zhongyuan Yu Wansu liberated Liberated (1948 6 month, Henan and Shaanxi, and Hubei and western Henan Liberated Area was divided into two liberated areas in southern Shaanxi).
The third phase, from May 1948 to June 1949. This phase of the event are:
Victory in the war of liberation in the Central Plains into a great situation, an urgent need to further strengthen the party's leadership. To this end, Liu and Deng Xiaoping to the Central Military Commission for strengthening the Central Plains Central Plains Bureau and the formation of military advice. May 9, the CPC Central Military Commission decision: In addition to the liberated areas dominates central position, where the Longhai south of the Yangtze River to the north until the Sichuan-Shaanxi border area, the Central Plains are liberated. Central Plains as the first secretary of the Board of Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, the second secretary, third secretary Zihui. Liu for the Central Plains and Central Plains Field Army Military Commander, Political Commissar Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi was the first deputy commander of Military Region and the Field Army, deputy commander of the second Li Xiannian. Chen Yi was still serve as commander and political commissar of the East China Field Army. June 26, the CPC Central Committee, Central Military Commission, call the Central Plains Bureau: to Liu and Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, Deng Zihui, ZHANG Ji-Chun, Li Xuefeng 6-member Central Plains Bureau Standing Committee, and agreed to Zihui any of the Central Plains Military first deputy political commissar, ZHANG Ji-Chun appointed second deputy political commissar. Central Plains Central Plains Bureau and the military to strengthen the establishment of the strengthening of party leadership, unified command of the Central Plains region of the Revolutionary War, the further consolidation and development of Central China Liberated Area, have played a major role.
The unified leadership of the Central Plains to the liberated areas and the strong support of the construction of the War of Liberation, 23 March 1948, 1O, Central Plains Central Plains Bureau of the CPC Central Committee proposed the establishment of the Provisional People's Government. November 20, Central Plains Bureau for convening the meeting of the Central Plains to establish the Provisional People's Representative to the Central Plains Central Plains Provisional People's Government issued proposals for the people of all walks of life. March 3, 1949 to 6, the Provisional People's Liberated Areas Central Plains Conference held in Kaifeng, elected a 21-member Provisional People's Government Committee of the Central Plains. Then, the first meeting of the Provisional People's Government announced the establishment of the Central Plains, the President Zihui, Vice-Chairman Wu Zhi Pu, Li Yiqing. Since then, 50 million people became the master of the Central Plains, in the liberation of the road taken a faster pace. 8 May, the Provisional People's Government of the Central Plains government members to convene a second meeting to hear Zihui Vice President and Wu Zhi nursery work report and decided to adapt to the revolutionary development of the situation, the establishment of Henan, Hubei, two provincial government. Fully discussed by the Committee, the meeting resolved that the appointment of Wu Zhi-po and President of the Henan Provincial Government (May 27 cows wear as Vice Cong), Li Xiannian and Chairman of the Hubei Provincial Government, Wang Renzhong Vice-Chairman.
Central China Liberated Area forefront of both the war of liberation, but also a forward base for the PLA and direct rear. Therefore, the majority of the Central Plains people to support the front take a major task. Particularly in support of Huaihai and crossing operations, the majority of the Central Plains people from the human, material and financial resources have made various significant contributions. "Revolutionary war is a people's war, only to mobilize the masses to war, a war can only rely on the masses." History has fully proved that this brilliant thesis of Mao Zedong.
May 12, 1949, Central Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to _set_ up to accommodate the further development of the revolutionary situation. June 7, Central Bureau was established, the Central Plains Bureau also revoked.
Liberated from the two historical process of establishing the Central Plains can be seen: the people of our revolutionary forces led by the party in the struggle against the enemy so that David and Goliath, to win with fewer, and the fundamental reason is that we conducted the war is a just war . We are fighting for the liberation of the people, for the establishment of a proletarian leadership of the masses to fight the new China. The majority of the people of the Central Plains people to the liberation of the country, to support people's war magnificent, only to plug the red flag over the Central Plains, the Central China Liberated Area increasingly consolidated and developed. |