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区域概况
  张家川回族自治县位于甘肃省东南部,系天水市市辖县。“古丝绸之路”南大道横贯县境。全县辖19个乡(镇),总面积1311.8平方公里;人口31.97万,其中回族20.69万人,占69%。境内伊斯兰民族风情浓郁,民风淳朴善良。
行政区划
张家川回族自治县 行政区划
  张家川回族自治县辖3个镇、12个乡:张家川镇、龙山镇、恭门镇、刘堡乡、张棉乡、胡川乡、木河乡、大阳乡、川王乡、马关乡、连五乡、梁山乡、平安乡、阎家乡、马鹿乡。
  县人民政府住所地张家川镇,邮政编码:741500,电话区号:0938。
  境内森林面积达37.9万亩,草场面积17.6万亩,畜牧业发展潜力巨大,皮毛业已成为全县经济一大优势。张家川皮毛市场中外闻名,1992年经天水市政府批准开始兴建的龙山扶贫经济开发试验区,现已发展成为国内第二大皮毛专业市场,并跻身于甘肃省十大农贸市场之列。
  出产的“花牛”苹果,品质优良,颇负盛名,是出口创汇的主要果品。境内中药材资源丰富,共有38科154种,尤以牛黄、麝香、豹骨最为珍贵。
  张家川回族自治县交通便利,天宝公路横穿县境,县城距天水火车站90公里;程控电话已与全国联网;刘家峡至陕西关中330千伏变电线路跨境而过。
地理位置
  张家川回族自治县位于甘肃省东南部,天水市东北,陇山西麓,属六盘地槽与陇西陆台两大地质构造单位的过渡地带,为六盘山经向构造与秦岭纬向构造接壤处,地理坐标为东经105°54′至106°35′,北纬34°44′至35°11′之间,全境地势由东北向西南倾斜,略呈斜三角形。东西长62公里,南北宽48公里,总面积1311.8平方公里。
  张家川县属天水市辖县,东接陕西省陇县,南邻清水县,西连秦安县,北毗华亭、庄浪县。人民政府驻地张家川镇,与周边市县均有公路相通,西距省会兰州市378公里,东经陕西省陇县至西安市388公里。
  街亭位于秦安县城东北40公里的陇城镇,距大地湾遗址8公里,今张家川回族自治县内的龙山镇的西陲,名阅西凉山(龙断山)。是一处宽约6公里、长达十几公里的开阔地带,是关陇大地的咽喉之地,战略地位十分重要,成为历代兵家必争之地。三国时期魏蜀街亭之战就发生在这里。街亭所处的位置是一个河谷开阔,四通八达,南北山势险要,进能够攻,退可以守的战略要地。三国时期诸葛亮派参军马谡为先锋,王平为副将固守街亭,因马谡违亮部署,又不听王平力谏,“依阻南山,不下拒城”,终被魏军大将张郃所败,诸葛亮得知街亭失守,挥泪斩马谡,上疏请求自贬三级。从此,街亭便名扬天下。
  在陇城镇的王家川出土了一口“铁锅”,上铸“汉大丞相诸葛武侯制”字样,同时,在附近还出土了刻有“蜀”字样的弩机、马刺、刀、矛、盔甲等兵器。专家从仅有的作战遗物考证,出土兵器的地方,就是马谡、王平安营扎寨之地。今天的陇城镇,就是三国时期的街泉亭,是名副其实的古战场街亭山在今庄浪县境内。马谡在街亭违背诸葛亮部署节度,亦不采纳副将王平的劝告,主观武断,舍水源上山扎营。张郃兵至,将孤山围困,断水攻山,大破蜀军,蜀军离散,马谡弃山而逃,街亭丢失。惟王平所率千人,鸣鼓自恃,张郃疑其有伏兵,不敢追击,王平收整余部,率将士返汉中。诸葛亮以街亭已失,不能再据以出击魏军,遂拔西县百姓千余家,还于汉中。
  街亭也为浙江诸暨辖区内一镇名,因街头有亭而命名之.
地貌气候
  张家川地势由东北向西南倾斜。以山地为主,最高点为秦家塬石庙梁,最低点为龙山镇马河村,海拔在1486米~2659.4米之间。东北部陇山巍峨,峻岭重叠;西南部山峦起伏,沟壑纵横。源于陇山纵贯全境的六条山梁,宛如手指,自东北向西南伸展。境内地貌复杂,东北部为陇山石质、土石山地,中东部为红土与红砂岩粘土相间山地,中西部为黄土梁峁沟壑山地。全县地貌大体上由梁峁、沟壑、川台、河谷四部分形成。土地总面积196.8万亩,占全县总面积的97.4﹪。
  张家川深居内陆腹地,地处东南、西南季风交互影响的边缘地带,属温带大陆性季风气候。由于地形的复杂多样性,形成了明显的地域型立体小气候环境,中西部为温和半干旱区、温凉半干旱区和温寒半干旱区,气候温和,光照充足,无霜期较长,但雨量较少;东北部为温寒半湿润区和温寒湿润区,气候偏冷,光照较差,无霜期较短,雨量充沛。全县气候差异较大,年平均气温7.5℃,无霜期163天左右,全年日照时数2044小时,年平均降水量600毫米。其特点是:夏短而不热,冬长而严寒,雨热同季,夏润冬燥,春暖迟,秋凉早,昼夜温差大,夏季无酷暑。
Thesaurus
zhangjiachuan, Zhangjiachuan Autonomous County, Zhangjiachuan County
Containing Phrases
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