"Judgment" (1921) is a favorite of Kafka's works, the performance of two generations of father and son conflict. The hero Georg Friedman is a businessman, since a few years ago after his mother died and his father live together, and now business is booming. Years ago he moved to a Russian friend wrote in the room, telling his own engagement. Written letter to his father's room, the accident is the father of his attitude is very bad, there is no doubt that he simply moved to Russia's friend, accusing him of carrying their own business, but also looking forward to his own premature death. Suddenly, his father changed the subject, ridicule Georg deceiving his friends, and his own father, who'd been friends with communication and engagement Georg had to tell him the news. Georg could not contradict his father one, the only son of my father sentenced to plunge himself. So really the only son died plunge. Works by describing the process of father and son in the mouth, the innocent son was hit by his father considered good guilt and stubborn cruelty, under the abusive father, the only son of fear, the fear to lose their senses so himself. Father, tall and strong and irrational, has all the characteristics of a tyrant. This seemingly absurd Kafka's story is a vivid description of the mentality of guilt, the father's decision also Kafka on their judgments. Whispered vindicated hero before his death - "Dear parents, but I always love you", it is Kafka's most secretive Heartsongs confided. Framework of this story is typical Kafkaesque, is a product of his innermost feelings of guilt after the figurative. However, content of the work is obviously not to just express his son conflict, but in the general sense that reveals how human existence under an authority and abuse. On the other hand to show the characters struggle to overcome a series of father carried. It seems that the father of the son of aging on the bed as a child after he really "covered up." On the surface, he is doing it out of filial piety. In the deeper meaning he was trying to bury his father, in order to establish their status as the new head of the family. Kafka novel reflects the unique "trial Father" of consciousness, but also on the performance of a paternalistic ruler of the Austro-Hungarian Empire dissatisfaction. Meanwhile Kafka through this unique story reveals the absurdity of the reality of life in Western societies and irrational. Original: It was a beautiful spring day, Sunday morning, George • Beideng Man, this young businessman sitting room on the second floor of his house, this house is part of a simple low buildings. These simple houses along the river stretched forward, the same pattern, but differ in height and color. George • 贝登曼 are finished letter which he wrote to a friend in a foreign young age, he was fun like, lounged sealed the letter, and then he would elbow resting on the table on, looking out of the river, the bridge and across the highlands, the shore has show a verdant color. He recalled his friend, was not satisfied with how the development stay at home, away from home a few years ago, legally to Russia. He opened a store in St. Petersburg, started better for some time, but then it seems a long time since the recession. Like his friend in fewer visits in the Beideng Man tells of that. In this way, he's in a foreign country are all in vain hard. His friend's face since he is very familiar since childhood, but a friend of foreign-style beard and his face did not bring out a sense of beauty to his yellow skin disease seems to reveal that he is developing. As he said, he and his fellow citizens in residential areas where there is no a normal contact, and local residents have no social intercourse on that now was a single. For such a person to write, should write about it? Like him a public stubborn man, a regrettable people, a people can not help, should persuade him to return to hometown, restore all the old one - that's not a problem - to get friends to help you ? To do so, the more out of care for his kindness, the more hurt his feelings, nothing more. This means he persuaded abroad attempt failed, he had to rely on domestic relatives, he also like to eat grass back horses were all stunned surprise some. If returning, only his friends and perhaps some of his understanding, he would like to follow those, like a big child development at home, careers, friends. Another point not sure the pain he suffered a purpose it? Perhaps impossible to persuade him to come back - he himself said, he has a strange situation for homeland - so, although he struggled, still remain in a foreign country, to persuade him to return to his proposal frown, and friends more alienated. But if he really accept the proposal, where he will not be crushed, of course, not talking about subjective desire, but realistic. He did not live among friends, you can not understand this, you will feel embarrassed, I felt really does not have a country, no longer have friends; come back to him no good, so he has to stay in a foreign country, is so true? In this case, can be a good idea to come back after he doing? For these reasons, even if he remains honest and correspondences, do not bureaucratic jargon for him, like some shameless for only acquaintances of acquaintances did. This friend is actually only a little more than three years out of the country. He explained that this is due to the unstable political situation in Russia at the time, this instability is not advisable to make a small businessman to leave Russia, and is at this time, tens of thousands of Russians in the world's great cruise, which my friend kind of explanation can only be described as a pretext for an emergency. During these three years, George has a lot of changes. George's mother died two years ago, and since then he and his elderly father to live with George's friends are aware of this, he once boring language expressed condolences in a letter. The reason may lie in the language boring funeral for sympathy abroad is unthinkable. Since then, George like to deal with other things, but also to a greater commitment to his company perk. When his mother was alive, his father in the company is always one person, perhaps because of this, his father had tried to stop George to conduct their own activities. After her mother died, my father is still working at the company, however, has become perhaps the work of some of the cold, - perhaps turned the corner bar - just maybe it. With two unexpected development company recently. Employees has doubled turnover doubled five times, no doubt, the company will continue to develop. George's friend did not know the change. At first, he gave Joe a condolence letter is the last letter, George had to persuade Russia to develop, namely to Petersburg to open a branch. The size of a small branch, George is currently recognized on this scale. But then George did not want him to report to his friend in business development, if he now supplement describe what, it really will surprise some of his friends. But George's letter confined to the past, some messy pile of memories. Such as recalling a quiet Sunday and the like, he just believed the pen sway thing of the past, this is a long time friend of his homeland to the impression, friends are very satisfied with these impressions. George also reported that a friend of indifference and apathy man girl marriage, thousands of miles across the road between George and friends of the letter, round-trip, but George mentioned this three times, so a friend of George's views in the letter began to produce a interest. George would prefer to write these things and do not want to talk about their experiences. In fact, just a month before he and a wealthy man named Miss Rita • Brandenburg non-payment of Stewart's engaged, he often talked about his friend and his fiancee, and special communications links between them, fiancee, said: "He did not come to our wedding, I have the right to know all your friends." "I do not want to disturb him." George replied:. "I know, he might come, at least I think so, but he was a little forced, and feel the detriment of their own, perhaps he would envy me, definitely not satisfied, but and are unable to eliminate this dissatisfaction, then back again alone, lonely, -?? do you know what loneliness is yes, then can we use other ways to let him know what we were married, "" I'm not opposed to doing , but he's the kind of life, this is not necessarily feasible. " "If you have such a friend, and I really should not be engaged." "Yes, it is the responsibility of the two of us, but now I do not want other plans." Then George kissed her, she was breathing, but also went on to say: "This thing makes me sad." But he believes a letter to friends easier. "I agree, he must tolerate me." He said to himself, "I am in favor of friendship with him, I am afraid that in addition to myself, but then there is no more appropriate a second person." In fact, he had his friends reported his engagement thing on Sunday morning to write that letter. When it comes to this matter, he said the following words: "Finally, I report to you one of the best news I have and pay Miss Rita • Brandenburg Field engagement, her wealthy family, she was after a long trip before _set_tling in here, you can not know her, anyway, since I had the opportunity to you in detail about her and I am very happy in our relationship to each other in this respect are only some changes, as you friends, I had a normal, happy now, my this change is enough to make you happy, my fiancee sincere greetings to you, then she should write a letter to you personally, she will be your sincere girlfriend, which for a bachelor is not completely pointless thing I know you Pepsi-ridden, could not come to see us, but our wedding is not exactly a good opportunity for you to get rid of chores it? Of course, you do not consider too much, or act according to your own ideas. " George holding this letter for a long time sitting at the table, face to the window. An acquaintance came to greet him from the street, George gave him only an almost imperceptible smile. He finally put the letter in his pocket, came out from his room, through a small hallway into his father's room. For months he has no room in which his father spent it. Usually, the father will not force him to come. He and his father's contacts in the company is often carried out, and every day in a restaurant where they had lunch. For dinner, then each random. But either George things more often and friends together, or to visit his fiancee, they still often sitting in the living room and his son look at all of the newspaper. George was surprised to see that even this morning on a sunny day, the light of his father, the room also so bleak. The wall stands opposite Zhaixia walls blocking the sun, his father sitting beside the window corner of the room. In this corner decorated with many souvenirs to remember his mother has died. Father holding his hand side of newspapers tend to adjust the eye, stood the rest of the breakfast on the table, it appears that his father did not eat much. "Ah! George." His father said, and immediately came face. Heavy pajamas while walking open, below the hem fluttering around him. - "My father has always been a giant," he thought. "This is really too dark," he said then. "Yes, enough dark." His father replied. "You put the windows are closed it?" "I like that." "The outside has been very warm." He's like to remember the past, and sat down. Father clean up the dishes, put in a cabinet. George no longer pay attention to the actions of his father, went on to say: "I want to tell you, I've told the St. Petersburg of engagement." The letter in his pocket pinched, and put down. "Why tell Petersburg? Petersburg?" Father asked. "Tell my friends." Said George, and explore his father's vision. - "In the company, but another thing he." He thought, "What a generous ah here he folded arms!." "Ah, give your friend." His father said this emphatically. "But you know, my father, at first I did not disclose the engagement thing. Taken into account, and not for other reasons, you know, he is a difficult person to deal with, I mean, although he and outside contacts is less, we are unlikely to know the situation, but he still could understand my marriage from other sources, which I can not stop. Conscience But for me, he should know that we do. " "And you now have second thoughts it?" The father asked, resting on the windowsill and the newspaper, glasses and cover glasses are placed in newspapers to get started. "Yes, I reconsidered, and if he is my good friend, I mean, I'm happy marriage is a blessing for him, so I will not hesitate to write to tell me to put this matter He, however I have written to you before or say something. " "George," said the father, his toothless mouth pulled wide. "Listen, you are here to discuss this matter to my mind, of course you are acting in good faith, but this is trivial, not worth mentioning, if you do not put the whole thing live to tell me the truth, I would not care ... things occur outside of business since your mother died a few unpleasant things maybe she should come, perhaps she came earlier than we thought it would be in the company, and some things I have no control over, and this I know - - I simply do not want the tube, which is, outsiders do not know - I'm not enough energy, memory loss, inability to take into account all the things I have, on one hand it is a natural law, in addition, after the woman's death blow to the depth of my than you - but because we are now involved in this matter, related to this letter, George, you do not lie to me, this is a small thing, not worth mentioning, so you do not lie to me, you are in St. Petersburg. there really is such a friend? " George embarrassed to stand up, "We do not talk about friends, one thousand friends also can not replace my father, you know how I think? Cherish you own enough, older should get reasonable care of you in My company is indispensable, as you know very well, but if the company busy business impact to your health, it does not work, I'll still say, never say that we have to make arrangements for another a lifestyle completely change your life, you sit in darkness, in the room, you should have plenty of sunshine, you casually prescribed nutrition breakfast with a point instead; you sit next to the windows closed and the air circulation is good for you No, my father, I want to ask the doctor to come, we will instruct his work, we want to replace your room, you should live to the front of the house, I moved here. Not then look elsewhere. everything someone cuisine, cooking everything, we still have time, now you lie down in bed, you definitely need a break, so I can help you for the room, you'll see what I can do, or you are went to the anterior chamber to you in my bed for a while. Besides, you are very wise. " Qiao Zhigang standing beside his father, then his father and his head fell on his chest fluffy white hair. "George," my father did not move, and softly whispered. George immediately knelt at his father's side, he watched his father's face tired, feel particularly great in his eyes straight Leng Leng pupil. "You say you have friends in St. Petersburg, you always like this is a joke man, I do not even paused for convergence, how do you have a friend in there? I do not believe." "Do you recall, my father." Said George, the father from the couch propped up, he stood, still quite weak. At this time, George took off his pajamas for his father. "When my friends come to see us have in the past almost three years ago, I remember, you were not particularly fond of him in front of you, I have at least twice denied that he was my friend. Nevertheless, he has twice sitting in my room, you do not like him, I can fully understand, he was a bit eccentric; But then you and he talked for a while, was able to talk you hear him, both nod and ask questions, I was right. This very proud., if you think about it, you certainly can recall, he was also talking about some incredible stories of the Russian Revolution, for example when he first commercial trip to Kiev, in a chaos he saw a Pastor balcony, stabbed with a bloody palm crosses, lift the injured hand, appealed to the masses, you will be the story everywhere legend. "Then, George to let my father sat down again, his linen pants pants on the cover and Maoku carefully took it off. After seeing his very special clean vest, he blamed his father negligence, to give his father to replace a vest, it certainly is his George responsibility. He has no apparent to his father's fiancee talked about how to arrange things as they secretly _set_ a father should stay in the old house. Now, however, he suddenly decide to move him along with his father to the future new home, but if a closer look, this seems to take care of his father came too late. Father holding his bed, when he had a terrible feeling, he was holding the bed a few steps, when he noticed that his father's bracelet fondle his chest, he could not immediately put his father in bed, bracelet firmly tied himself. He lay in bed, it seems that all is well, he tucked himself, even special quilt pulled his shoulders, he looked up, George, not unfriendly eyes. "Right? You think of him?" George asked, and encouraged wildly towards him and nodded. "I cover it?" The father asked, as if he could not see below, I do not know whether the foot was enough to cover. "Do you like in bed." Said George, to cover the quilt around him. "I cover it?" Father again asked, the answer seems to pay particular attention to George. "Your quilt cover the quiet!." "No!" Cried his father, George, then was hit back. Father quilt yixian. Suddenly all at once opened a quilt. Push father stood up in bed. But he insisted on the one hand the ceiling, "I do not know, you give me tuck you this big eater, but I do not quilt cover, this is my last strength, but enough of it to deal with you, more than enough. Maybe I know your friend, he might still my favorite son too! On this issue, you have been lied to him a few years, what and why? You think I do not have to cry for him too! You put yourself in the office, nobody can bother you, the manager was busy too - is that in order to write this letter to Russia's deceptive, fortunately no one inspired by his father, in order to see through his son. As you see it, you have to beat him, he lost to such an extent, you sat on his head, he was a Move. At this time, my son decided to get married. " George then saw a terrible image of his father, his father suddenly so much about St. Petersburg friend, my friend, has never been so touched by him. George watched him disappear in the distant Russia, he saw him standing empty robbed the store door, all the shelves like a ruin, he stood among these ruins, tore up the goods, gas lamps stand out down, and he stood among this pile of trash, why go so far away ah! "Look at me." Father cried. George almost absently ran to the bed, to catch everything, but stalled halfway. "Because she lifted the skirt." Gentle father began to speak up. "Because she lifted the skirt, this nasty goose." Father of his pajamas on the volume, the volume so high. Revealed that the thigh war scars. "Because of her skirt Liaode Lao Gao Lao Gao, you have to glue with her, unimpeded satisfied her, which tarnished the memory of the mother, betrayed by a friend, his father put on the bed, so that he may not move, but he can not move it? "He completely freely skill stood up, tossed the leg, he because of his wise and happy. George stood in the corner, as far away from his father, he was determined to be carefully observed for all to prepare, no matter how convoluted still will not have been coming from behind, above, to a variety of attacks and panic. He suddenly thought of his decision to forget for a long time, forgotten, as the same through the eye of a needle with a short, off the line. "My friends have not been betrayed!" My father cried. Father's finger shake to and fro, which strengthened his words carry. "I am here on behalf of him." "You play tricks," George had to shout out, but he immediately realized it was a loss, but it was too late. He bit his tongue, eyes straight Leng Leng, he bit his tongue pain fell. "Yes, of course I was playing a trick, tricks this is a good word!" You For the elderly widower, your father, you have nothing else to comfort you? Speak! Answer at this moment, you're still my son alive Yeah - I left it? Let not honest people follow me in my room until I left the old bones do? And my son is all over the world cheered. Close the company, which I was ready. Because you pastime and turned somersaults. Plate with an honest gentleman's face in front of your father to come. I do not like you, from me out of it, do you think? " "If he falls, it will be tilted forward." George thought, this sentence has to take into mind, his father tilted forward, but did not fall down. Because George did not rely on the front of his father, as he had expected, his father stood up. "Do not move, standing in place, I do not need you and you think that you still have the strength to come here, do not come, because you would want to, you do not mistake, I was still very strong, and if I am alone, perhaps I will concede, but your mother gave me strength, you and I have maintained a good friend to contact your customer contact network in my pocket. " "There on his shirt pocket." George thought, he felt his father's remarks could kill him. This is something he just wants a moment, what he always forget. "Go and you go with that horrible woman tied to oppose me, and I put her dropping from the side, you do nothing." George made a grimace, as if he did not believe his father just nodded his head, however, Everything he said was the truth live, toward the corner of George stood announced. "You can come talk to me today, when you come, you will be asked if I want to write marriage tell your friends. Actually, your friend, he knows everything, stupid guy, he knows everything! I have given He written a letter, because you forgot to take my four treasures, although he did not come to us over the years, but he understood the situation to be more than your own you wrote him a letter, he does not see, knead paper Mission on the left hand while his right hand was holding my letter read. "Because of excitement, his arms shaking his head. "He knows a thousand things at you!" He shouted. "Thousands of times on me!" George laughed at his father, but the words have not exported, the sound has disappeared. "Over the years, I have noticed that you will take this issue to me, do you think there are other problems afflict me? Do you think I'm looking at a newspaper? Here! "He threw a newspaper, which is the pressure in the bed of an old newspaper, a George did not know the name of the above. "Before you mature you hesitate long ah! Mother was dying, she can not see this happy day. Friend in Russia destroyed, or three years before he was expelled because of yellow fever, me? As you can see, I'm like this. But you have eyes ah! " "You told me in an ambush!" George cried. Sympathetic father added: "You should say this, but now pass it," and then they said loudly: "Now you know, besides you, there is something, before you just know yourself, You used to be a naive child, but your original is a devil-like figure! I am now your death verdict, the verdict you disappear. "George feels that he is being thrust out of the room, behind his father hit heavily on the bed, the blow voice echoed in his ears. On the stairs, his next steps, as if on a sloping flat hurry, like, what met his maid, she was going to clean up the house. "My God!" Burst into her apron, but he had fled. He hops from outside the gate, across the driveway straight river, as an excellent gymnast, he jumped on, like a beggar firmly grasped the bridge railing. He has always been excellent gymnast, which in the era of his youth once the pride of his parents. He hung on the railing, hand become increasingly weak, but he still persisted between the pillars of the bridge railing, he saw a car passing easily, noisy likely to drown his car fell into the water tragic move. He cried softly: "My Dear Mom and Dad, but I have always loved you, ah!" Then fall into the water. At this moment, between the traffic was never interrupted.
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English Expression
n.: pronouncement, judgment (by a court of law), state that sb is to have a certain punishment, punishment given by a lawcourt, court decision, find against, decide in favour of, decide for, decide against..., bring a charge home to, bring in, verdict, terminer, sentence, ruling, resolution, adjudication, Judgment, judgement, arret, doom, determination, deliverance, decree, decision, award
v.: adjudicate, act as judge in a court, tribunal, contest, etc, decide, go, adjudge
verdict, legality commit, judge, arbitrament, Adjudge, adjudge, decision of a lawcourt orjudge, elisor, the law and its administration, adjudicate, condemn, trial, cognizance, examination