Hulunbeier Tourist Complaint Phone: Hulunbeir City Tel :0470 -8238664 Tourist Complaint Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Travel complaints Tel :0471 -6,282,653 State Tourism Tel :010-65275315 Complaint Hulunbeier Best Travel Time: May to mid-September mid- Hulunbeier Folk Festivals: International Photography Festival in China Golden Hulunbeier Daur Rouge to the Music Festival International Tourism Festival landscapes Kanjur the opening section of the temple Emerging Korean nationality townships "Festival for the Elderly" and Korean Games Hulunbeir the wide open spaces, fertile soil, vast grasslands, dense forests, mineral-rich, water ranks the highest in the region, wildlife resources in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is second to none. Hulunbeier city map: Hulunbeier reminded: Specialty: Dairy ethnic crafts Lin wildlife wild fruit boat - reindeer 1, Hulunbeier low winter temperatures, to keep warm. Thick clothing, fur hats, scarves, gloves, sunglasses, frostbite cream is essential goods, but also good thermal performance wear, friction large snow shoes, to deal with snow. 2, outdoor camera, the camera should be installed within the holster, and then hides in the inside pocket of his chest to prevent failure due to the cold. Recommended to bring the camera holster, put the camera into the holster, burglary, two hours before opening, so that will not pan drops. 3, play grassland, not from the reference (such as roads, yurts, etc.) too far, so lost. To do this, bring a small compass stand, very necessary. 4, day and night Hulunbeier larger changes in temperature can not wear it in summer tourist T-shirt, shorts or skirts, with a long-sleeved clothing should be appropriate at any time to add and subtract. 5, the grasslands in summer in July after more mosquitoes, should be appropriate to bring some essential balm (available locally), it is best to wear shoes instead of sandals to avoid mosquito bites. 6, such as to bring umbrella, is also a wise move, sunny to shade, suffering from exposure; also be able to meet that come and the rain. Hulunbeier food: to Hulunbeier league tour, including a big reason is subject to its famous for its grasslands food temptation. Grassland food that you will think of roast leg of lamb, hand meat, cheese, boiled mutton. Hulunbeier Transportation: Hulunbeier league convenient transportation, the rapid development of the territory of the formation of a railway, highway, aviation and other multi-channel three-dimensional transportation network. from the mountains to plains. Along Binzhou railway into Mongolia, destroy "Prairie Pearl" Hailar. ride from Beijing "Prairie Train" along the Chifeng, Tongliao, Qiqihar, through a number of Inner Mongolia grassland, Zalantun, reaching as far Hailar City. * Union of traffic Hulunbeier rail within: Binzhou line, teeth timberline, Bolling lines, soft forest line, Hay feeder lines, and dry. Hulunbeier highways: 301 State Road, Hella Black Hulunbeier league road to become an important cross road transport frame, Manzhouli Border Town is the largest land port. external transport Hulunbeier league Hing'an within autonomous south, the east of Heilongjiang Province, northwest Russia, bordering Mongolia. Particular location is the rapid development of its foreign transportation construction. In addition to highway and rail, the civil aviation Hulunbeier also developed rapidly in recent years, Hailar Airport has opened to Beijing, Hohhot, Tianjin, Dalian, Chita Russia, flights and other places. Water: Water transport Hulunbeier first began in the Nen River, 50 had opened up too late nine routes, essentially stopped after the water transport. In recent years, investment of 600 million on the Argun and waterway dredging in 1994, contained 9 trials successfully implemented, the region is expected to become the only channel through the sea. Hulunbeier Accommodation: In recent years, Hulunbeier league of tourist reception conditions improved. The alliance is currently a total of 22 foreign-related hotels, including 7-star hotel, including 3 three-star, two star 3. Of course, overnight yurt is that tourists from around the world fascinated. Hulunbeier Entertainment: Sacrifice obo Mongolian wrestling is the most solemn of the athletic activities of the people, one man 700 years ago had become the Festival is the event. Mongolian-style wrestling sub kick, trip, winding, crooked, push, pull more than 30 species, nearly 300 technical movements, mainly based on a variety of leggings with the latter's power to win. To generate the ninth round of the general title. Stalemate often occur several hours or even days regardless of the outcome of the intense scenes. The top three are available in silver saddle horse or a cow as a large prize, and was regarded as a hero on the prairie. Archery Mongolian bow is an ancient and important tool for hunting expeditions and resist the enemy weapons. As early as seven years ago, the Mongolian people to be able to ride and shooting and famous. Later evolved into sports archery, has been spread so far. In ancient times, using a horn Mongolian archery bow, the rubber band strings, iron 镞 wooden shaft; targets of themselves for the five colors of the "carpet brand target," the activities of the center of the target, arrows in the center of the target that is lost after the Bu Song. Distance is generally 15 to 20 meters. In addition, there is a match is not _set_ targets of themselves, just shoot on the ground tens of meters away from the standard. Targets piling into a pyramid, all those who fall for the winning shot. Mongolian traditional archery shooting and riding and shooting sub-static two. Static shot, ... - as is all the shooters miss the target disk bow, fired together, where those who hit the bull's eye more than the number awarded. Shoot 9 arrows per person, sub: End of round shot. While riding and shooting, the shooter can ride and shooting requirements, both shooters, but also a rider. All ages, owned horses, bows and arrows, can participate. Game, shooter riding at 4 meters wide, 85-meter-long runway to take;; drawn arrows, Nock shooting distance of 25 meters of the three targets to hit targets of themselves dead center ordered amount, time, striker also and static, like radio, shoot three arrows each round, shot a total of three rounds of 9 arrows. In Hulunbeier League, flag, hematoxylin and family Naadam, and has gradually replaced the old steel horn bow bow bow or plastic, nylon strings and metal arrows. Competition is divided into individual races and team competition. Competition Events Men's 30 meters, 40 meters, 50 meters: Women's 20 meters, 30 meters, 40 meters. Individual all-around and taking the top eight men and women, respectively, taking the top three groups, will be awarded. Woriqiewu "WO at all" Evenki language means "Swan." WO cut dance day Ewenkis dance folk entertainment. Legend of the Qing Dynasty more than 1,000 officers and men by the middle of Ewenki sent to Hulunbeier guarding. In one battle, the soldiers besieged Ewenki. In a very critical moment, passed away suddenly explode in a burst of Song "to mutter", "to mutter" sound, a great powerful army Pentium trend. Enemy reinforcements mistaken Ewenki open to officers and men, then withdrawal. Turned out to be flocks of swans to fly over the blotting out the sun, so Ewenki soldiers turned the corner. To express an auspicious bird "good offices at all" feelings of gratitude and affection, Evenki, who often dressed in festive costumes, Yash, Jianpi white swan like wings, like Swan crown head Piece of Red Cloth, stretching his hands bobbing up and down like the Swan fly landing. Lu Yan at grid "Lu Yan on grid" that is Orogen language "Dance." Oroqen's dance moves are from slow to fast speed and intense action to the end of performances. Are generally not accompanied by dance, song side edge dance. Dance often "the amount of call Rand", "almost the amount of almost German", "medium referred back to the edge" and other words of nonsense syllables, and also with "black and Philosophy and Philosophy", "with black plus", "up almost up to almost" The class of nonsense syllables as accompaniment rhythm call sign. Area: 253,000 square kilometers Population: 2,697,860 people Administrative divisions: 13 flag city jurisdiction and the two mining areas, 69 towns, 51 townships, 37 hematoxylin. Location: Located in the northeast of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region In thirty years ago, ancient humans - Zhalai Noel people thrive in the Hulun area, creating a Hulunbeier original culture. Since about 200 BC (Han Dynasty) until the Qing Dynasty in 2000 years time, Hulunbeier grassland rich natural resources of its birth to many of the nomads in northern China, known as "the growth of the Chinese northern nomadic history of the cradle" . Dong Hu, Huns, Shiwei, Turkic, Uighur, Khitan, Jurchen, Mongolian nomadic tribes more than a dozen, or in the preparations underway, or in this Zhuanxi to war, separatism, and create a splendid nomadic culture. Hulunbeier vast territory, beautiful scenery. There are lush grasslands, pine stirring Daxinganling woodlands, criss-crossing the river, dotted with lakes, formed a beautiful picture. Many of the nation, distinctive customs, the precious historical relics, lot of local flavor, but also for the beautiful and rich colors add Hulunbeier. This summer, pleasant climate, is a summer resort; winter snow with one of Northland scenery. Hulunbeier is the most abundant tourism resources in regional areas, has been listed as one of the national tourist attraction and twenty-one of the six major scenic spots, is the only national grassland tourism as key development areas of the region. Is a subject Hulunbeier Mongolian, Han-dominated multi-ethnic areas. In the long historical process, these peoples have been living together in the beautiful land, the republic was established, minority access to new life, hope for many years and became masters of national equality and the right to dream a reality. Financial Results Calendar struggle of all ethnic groups, to defend the northern frontier and the construction of the motherland to make a contribution. Decades of economic construction and social development and all aspects of minorities in profound changes have taken place. Facing the western development, Northeast China, the national emphasis on strengthening economic and technical cooperation with Russia and Mongolia, the country's industrialization stage of development into the heavy chemical industry, autonomous regions and accelerate the development of the comprehensive Eastern League City Economic Opportunity. Hulunbeir economic and social development of the strategic positioning is to put people first, and firmly establish and implement the scientific concept of development, based on the advantages of conversion, outstanding project driven and investment-led efforts to Hulunbeir into autonomous regions, the Northeast and even the country's major resource-based energy and heavy chemical base, green and eco-tourism base, port-based and trade cooperation, import and export products processing base.
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Overview
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is the largest Hulunbeir a prefecture-level city. Is "the world's largest area of land under the jurisdiction of the city." 1999 by the State Council as the national ecological demonstration zones; October 10, 2001 approved by the State Council to revoke Hulunbeier, the establishment of level Hulunbeir; 2003 was named "China Excellent Tourism City and double-support model city." 2007 by the state as the Chinese charm of the city, the city received the most national characteristics Award. Hulunbeier City in four prairie grassland is one of the world, known as the world's best grasslands. Beginning of this century found Hulunbeir underground oil resources. Hulunbeir area 263,000 square kilometers, equivalent to Shandong Province and Jiangsu provinces combined. Heilongjiang Province, east, west, north and Mongolia, the Russian phase bordering Russia and Mongolia border between the three countries, with Russia, Mongolia has 1,723 kilometers of border, 8 state-level I, II ports, including Manchuria Port is the largest land port. The whole city an area five county-level cities, four flags, three Autonomous Banner, with a total population of 2.7 million. Municipal government seat in Hailar District. Live in the territory of the Han and Hulunbeier Mongolian, Hui, Manchu, Daur, Ewenki, Oroqen, Russia, North Korea and other 32 ethnic minorities, the national three "three small" were Hulunbeir National Autonomous Banner.
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History
The earliest historical records Hulunbeier seen the East Hu. 209 BC, the Huns were unified in the northern steppes, from Regional is one of its three territories Zuoxian Wang court jurisdiction. Eastern Han and Eastern Han Jianwu Xianbei twenty-five years, "Tong Station to make", which is 49 AD. At this point, Xianbei people have out of the forest, living in the Hailar River, Yimin River, Root River, the Argun River and the Dalai Lake, and the development of a powerful tribal alliance. 4th century AD, Xianbei people into the Central Plains, the establishment of the Northern Wei dynasty. Xianbei people remnants, in the next several centuries, and Turk, Uighur, Xiajia Si, Wu Gulie competing tribes and integration phase Northern Wei Dynasty, Hou, etc. Daxinganling east Wuluo Shiwei tribes, Lingxi beans in such a manner Shiwei Department. Sui, Shiwei five points, is living in the North Hulunbeier Shiwei, the late DA and deep bowl Shiwei Shiwei. Tang, Shiwei divided into nine, ranking Nen (The river) is up to the end of Lou along the Department of the Ministry of Sinica, the Department of Uro muddy and yellow head; Home Daxinganling west by: the Home Park club round (now up to Dalai Lake) south of the Department of Mu solid, remove plug and no branch of the Department of Plug Camps Ministry of fresh (black car Shiwei); living along the coast of West Shiwei Department of Argun, large Shiwei Shiwei Wu Department of the Ministry and the Mongolian . 7-8 century, the Turkic Uighur people and has access to Hulunbeier Lingxi area, where the Turkic and Uighur became the eastern frontier. The late 9th century and early 10th century, Lingxi who has become the resident Wu Gulie and Tata Er, Yeongdong a Khitan sphere of influence. Early 10th century to the 12th century to be Liao Hulunbeier. The early 12th century to early 13th century, this land is gold country. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty in 1368, Yuan Shundi retreated to the Mongolian Plateau. Hulunbeier Daxinganling Dong Lu Department of grazing land in Mongolia Arhorchin, Lingxi until the vast grasslands of Mongolia Nerchinsk four sons, the Ministry of Urad and Mao Ming nomadic. Ming Dynasty, from the Nuer from Regional Division consists of some of dry Douzhihuishi Guardian, the jurisdiction. Qing Dynasty, _set_ up in Hailar City in 1734, under the five general possessions - Heilongjiang General. In 1932, after the establishment of Manchukuo government, a provincial-level units Hulunbeier for the "Hung Yen Province", the provincial capital in Hailar. Japan surrendered in August 1945, October Lingxi Hulunbeier autonomous regions to establish provincial government. October 1946 was renamed the Hulunbeier self-government. October 1945 to establish areas in Yeongdong Navin Mu Ren province. June 1946 Ren Mu renamed Navin League, led by the Communist leadership of Hung Yen Province. May 1947 attributable to the leadership of self-government of Inner Mongolia. January 1, 1948 renamed Hulunbeier, ownership Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region government. April 1949, Hulunbeier and Ren Mu Navin League merger, called Mu Ren Wen Lunbei Nadu Union, referred to as the call is satisfied League. April 1, 1953, the Civil Administration was established in eastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, referred to as the eastern administrative office, located in the Department of Ulanhot site. At the same time cancel the original jirem, Hung Yen, call establishment is satisfied that the three Union, of which the original call is satisfied that Union Hailar, Manchuria, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Wulanhaote into municipalities, the work commissioned by the Administrative Office hosted the east. April 30, 1954, revocation of the Civil Administration in eastern district, and the call is satisfied that the original Hing'an areas under the jurisdiction of Union merged, renamed Hulunbeier established Hulunbeier People's Government, as the government at the local level, directly under the leadership of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Union government in the Hailar City. February 21, 1957, was renamed the People's Government of Hulunbeier Hulunbeier People's Committee. June 1, 1958, the Commission revoked Hulunbeier people, to the agency of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the Civil Administration, located in Hailar City, renamed Hulunbeier Civil Administration. December 20, 1967, the Revolutionary Committee of Hulunbeier preparation to _set_ a temporary authority, the Civil Administration to exercise the original terms of Hulunbeier league. August 1, 1969, Heilongjiang Province Hulunbeier league most of the area was placed under the jurisdiction of a part of (most of the original Hing'an) was placed under the jurisdiction of Jilin Province. July 1979, restored 1969 years ago, the administrative divisions of Inner Mongolia Hulunbeier reclassified jurisdiction. July 1980, restored Hing'an establishment, Hulunbeier league resumed in April 1954 before the division. October 10, 2001, the State Council approved the revocation of the establishment of level Hulunbeier Hulunbeir; revoke the establishment of Hailar Hailar City area. Hulunbeier Shixia Hulunbeier the Arun Qi, Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Oroqen ethnic autonomy, Dong Autonomous County, CHENBAERHUQI new Barag Left Banner, the new Barag Right Banner, and the newly established Hailar District; on behalf of the jurisdiction of the regional government Manzhouli, Yakeshi City, Zalantun City, Ergun River City, City and roots.
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Geography
Terrain features: Located in the western Inner Mongolia Plateau Hulunbeir northeast, north and south is north and south Zhiguan Daxing'anling territory. East Daxinganling Dong Lu, Northeast China Plain - Songnen Plain edge. General characteristics of the terrain are: west to east. Distribution was lying terrain slowly from west to east the transition. Climate characteristics: Climate distribution Hulunbeir Daxing'anling as dividing line 1, from climate type: Yeongdong area is monsoon climate zone, Ridge West for the continental climate zone. 2, from the annual precipitation type: Yeongdong bit sub-humid climate zone, annual precipitation in the 500-800mm; Ridge Western semi-arid climate, annual precipitation is 300-500mm. (3) General characteristics of the climate: the winter cold and dry, hot, rainy summer. Difference in temperature, the temperature difference between the date. Vegetation distribution: the distribution of vegetation from forest to grassland distribution of the transition, the distribution of vegetation determined by annual precipitation. Yeongdong region sub-humid lands are distributed to the forest (mixed coniferous forest) - Daxinganling forest. Lingxi areas are distributed to semi-arid semi-arid steppe - Hulunbeier grassland.
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Travel
呼伦贝尔 旅 游
Hulunbeir rich tourism resources, is recognized by the National Tourism Administration of the six major tourism development zone, is the tourist attraction twenty one national grassland major tourist development zone. Hulunbeier is the most suitable for human living a "Green Land", is a natural gift to the world's "natural house", where most of the forests, grasslands, lakes and other natural ecological environment is still maintaining its original Gumao. Here four distinct seasons, the scenery is different. Spring, the fragrant grass, The Green; summer, lush forests, wildflowers embroidered in; autumn, fruits, Qianshan make dye; winter snow with one of Northland scenery; by the world as the world's beautiful garden. Currently, the city's 30 star hotels, international, 27 domestic travel agencies, tourist areas (spots) more than 50 months, 6 times a week flights to Beijing, 5 flights fly to Hohhot, the tourist season increase in daily flights, trains a day off to Beijing, Harbin, Shenyang, Qiqihar, Hohhot, Baotou, Suifenhe, Dalian, direct driving sightseeing bus to the city of the areas (spots), Manchuria, to Russia after the city of New International Baikal Road crossings have been opened. Other major tourist attractions: Hulunbuir prairie, Manchuria, China and Russia trade zones, Manchuria, the country, Hulun, Hong Ji assassination Mongolia Camp, Phoenix Hill, Yimin River (Yimin town country's first coal within the joint venture, one of the largest pit power plants Huaneng Yimin Coal and Electricity Company), Golden Horde Khan, the Mongolian tribes, Room Wei Mongolian birthplace, Argun Hulunbeier grassland, ah dong, white tone call Shuo grasslands, Moore Grenoble river, Bayan call Master grassland, Mongolian Buryat Moore Road, Ga Senlin Park, Zalantun bridge park, black hills city, town Aoluguya reindeer, Wiener Creek resort area Ulan bubble, the Department of estuaries, Lingquan, beautiful lake, Bear Valley, a project Jiuling, Pinus sylvestris forest, geese Wuquan Shan, Aoluguya Ewenki, Wolf White Deer Island Resort, sweat pondering nine pines, Lama Hill, Longyan Range Rover, Ulrich Western Hills Nature Reserve forests flag Han, Yan Song Youjing, Bear Lake, the wetlands and the Western Hills, the world famous horses (industry), Comb black mountain fortress ruins boundary river between China and Russia, Batu Bay, China Daur National Park, Oroqen Museum, Luming Villa, Chaihe Scenic Area, Busu in the military fortress, Zalantun Silk Hill, Zalantun Chaihe Moon Lake, Zalantun nine Longquan, bear blind hole, Bahrain Lama Mountain, Zalantun trench edge of the Great Wall, Zalantun Yalu River rafting. Best Travel Time The northern part of the forest Hulunbeir the best travel season is May 5-20 and 9 months late, in May the new green trees, mountains and plains full of azaleas; September, Autumn dye over the Mountains, is a good time photography . Mainly the south by the steppe, the best travel season from July to September. November to mid-February next year is the best time to ice and snow travel. March 15 each year to June 15 is the fire of this period to have much of Hulunbeir certificates for fire, this time in most parts of Hulunbeir is the most depressed period of the year, only 5 Daxing'anling early May the azaleas are blooming all over the mountain can still be a visit.
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Shopping
Hulunbeier to rough sense of national handicrafts and famous for wide use. Hulunbeir production plant in Inner Mongolia's foreign trade silver handicraft art, Hailar City National (woolen) garment factory production license Mongolian shepherd robes, Mongolia Hailar City tool plant tool of national products - mainly knives and princes broadsword Mongolia, Hailar Dragon Art development of the wood carving factory murals, wood wall, root, tumor carving, wood carving post fight, plate painting, mosaics, inlaid calligraphy, bark paintings and other works of art, style, natural, primitive simplicity. Hailar District, shopping is convenient, in the urban area has a number of professional market. Friendship House, located in Triangle Center, a large, elegant environment, is a sales-based high-end large-scale general merchandise store. Specialties: black fungus, fried rice, Favorita, licorice, hazelnut, Shaguo, Benedict Adams, Shan Lihong, lily mushroom. Social Events In addition to all parts of Inner Mongolia's Naadam Festival obo and such, Hulunbeier unique festival are: 伊慕 amount Festival "Yi Mu amount", the Mongolian "Harvest" means, by definition, Yi Mu section is the amount of harvest festival, on May 22 of each year. At this time the grasslands of sheep, cattle, horses, and then finished the spring lambs Luotuo Gang, a vibrant harvest scene. Lamb herders left ear with a knife to smooth out the gap on the mother, back into the crowd, not to stay species were castrated ram into Jieyang. But also as a 2-year-old colt over branded. M wide section of Lu Lu is a meter wide section of Mo at Spengler Hulunbeier grassland nomads River Ewenki harvest festival. Held in late May of each year, its content and form and "Yi Mu amount Festival" roughly the same, the difference is only finished work at the banquet to celebrate the harvest. 瑟宾 Festival "Se Bin" is the Evenki language, meaning "happy and peaceful," is a traditional festival Ewenki, the totem is characterized by belief in the 16th century Shamanism Ewenki gradually disappear. June 18, 1994, after the founding of the first "Se Bin" section in the Bayan Obo Hill huxu held, the main contents of Evenki folk dance performances. After June 18 to become Ewenki "Se Bin" section. Bonfire Festival June 18 each year is a traditional festival Oroqen - Bonfire Festival. Vulcan Oroqen people worship a long time, dispel evil spirits they believe the fire has the role of pollution, the fire has a strict taboo, such as: Do not free to fire splashing water, dirt throwing, spitting, allowed a knife, stick and other sharp things Xianghuo in Luantong, Vulcan, and so to avoid anger and hurt.
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Transport
(2) Highway: the municipal districts of many roads, State Road 301 lines (Suifenhe - Manchuria), 111 Line (Beijing - Manchuria).
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Development of education
City rapid educational development area within the region has been fully received universal primary education, primary and junior secondary enrollment rate reached 100%. High school and secondary school enrollment rate reached 70%. Only a second-class university colleges - Hulunbeir College. Has a total of 47 high school, such as the Hailar II, Yakeshi one, one Yakeshi forestry, Hailar III, Zalantun one, Hulunbeir Yeongdong a school. Which is called "favored off place" - Hailar II, mid-ranked Hulunbeir amazing scored first, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, second only to Hohhot II has nurtured famous host of CCTV One person and other talents. More than secondary vocational schools, such as the first vocational school in Hailar, Zalantun infant normal (original Zhalantun Normal School), Zalantun pastoral school, Zalantun Forest High School, Normal School of Forestry Yakeshi Hulunbeier City health schools. One is called "the cradle of teachers in eastern Mongolia" - Zhalantun infant normal, school sixty years ago, Inner Mongolia has made an outstanding contribution to education, training each year for East Mongolia excellent high school, junior high and primary schools teachers to enable teachers in eastern Mongolia has abundant resources of educational personnel training for the community of more than 20,000 people.
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Administrative Division
In 2005, the Hulunbeier Shixia a municipal districts, four flags, three Autonomous Banner, hosted five county-level city. Hulunbeir area of 263,953 square kilometers, population 271 million (2004). Hailar area of 1440 square kilometers, population 260,000. Zip code 021000. Manzhouli area of 696 square kilometers, population 160,000. Zip code 021400. Zhalantun City area of 16,800 square kilometers, population 440,000. Zip code 162650. Yakeshi area of 27,590 square kilometers, population of 40 million. Zip code 022150. Root River City area of 19,659 square kilometers, population 170,000. Zip code 022350. Ergun City area of 28,000 square kilometers, population 90,000. Zip code 022250. Arong area of 12,063 square kilometers, population of 3.2 million. Zip code 162750. New Barag Right Banner area 25102 square kilometers, population 30,000. Zip code 021300. Tiger Bar Banner area of 22,000 new square kilometers, population 40,000. Zip code 021200. CHENBAERHUQI area of 21,192 square kilometers, population 60,000. Zip code 021500. Dong Autonomous County area of 59,800 square kilometers, population 280,000. Zip code 165450. Dong Autonomous County area of 19,111 square km, population 14 million. Zip code 021100. Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner area of 10,500 square km, population 32 million. Zip code 162850. * Data as of Quhuadiming here in December 2005; area and population data according to the "PRC Administrative divisions booklet (2006)", the population end of 2004. Ethnic population Han is the most populous nation Hulunbeir. According to 2003 statistics, the city's total population of 2,219,777 the Han people, accounting for 82.31% of the total population. Historically, the Han, although later in the Mongolian, Daur, Ewenki, Oroqen moved into the area, but also for the development and construction Hulunbeier made important contributions. As with the fraternal peoples with long-term production (work) life, built a strong equality, fraternity, unity of the new relations, and their place in the profound changes in all aspects and has made great progress. Population of ethnic history Hulunbeier Han Hulunbeier earlier in the armed forces, officials, prisoners and craftsmen. According to the "Han" records, the emperor was in the beginning years for the Frontier to Guanglu Xu, Han Han said the guerrilla general, long fight Hun Ping Hou Wei Kang Fu, Qu River northwest to the group of people (now Kelulunhe) . After the conquest of Shiwei Tang, Shiwei _set_ Jiedushi, Han soldiers guarding the camp. Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Han soldiers have been stationed in the region, as well as in battle or stolen captives from the slave, and engaged in farming, brick tile, pottery and iron smelting, silver, carpenters and other craftsmen , but the number is not a lot. Five years from the Ming Dynasty Hongwu (1372), the battle began troops from Regional Northern Yuan, to the Yong Le eleven years (1413) and Yuan demise, 41 years, the Ming army entered and stationed several Hulunbeier area, until the Hulunbeier area Secretary to establish slave children under the Sahara dry Douzhihuishi the Guardian, ha ha one thousand by the assassination of the sea by the assassination of one thousand children, children only very Wei, Jian Wei River, the ancient river Thousand by Ben, Ben Gu Wei River, Allen River Wei, Ruan in the River Wei Wei, 3 6, the withdrawal of troops Caifen in or transfer. Are mobile, the Han population, and the number is small. After entering the Qing Dynasty, the beginning of a more stable local Han Chinese resident population. Yongzheng five years (1727), the Qing government sent troops to _set_ up Karen in Lingxi region. Was recruiting more from Shanxi, Hebei and other places, while some of the army to the Union of Chinese business, said, "Mongolia business travel" (the "Business Travel Mongolia"), specifically for trading troops and their dependents. Yongzheng Decade (1732), the Solon, Daur, Oroqen, Tiger Bar and some of the families of soldiers around the cantonment Hulunbeier Lingxi, Kyoto, Han Qing court ordered operators to do business here, the early holding "Long-vote" to have Lingxi Han eight providers, known as "Eight", _set_ in this Hailar home. Ming and Qing Dynasties from the Qin and Han dynasties, when the play, the law provides for "exile", that crime will not be a party people were killed, the executable "banishment" put displaced by side, or exile Mobei. "Clear record" of the Han Official offense, "this got to be, but read the credit outstanding", the "assignment cloth rain Ersuo Lun, Tiger children into slavery." "Cloth Rain Fall" is Hulunbeier. Qing Qianlong to Jiaqing North Korea, Hulunbeier region to establish a number of temples, the temple was built mostly used by the Han people fired brick, construction of temples built by the Han people. 1941 Economic Survey of Japan will Ichikawa justice in the "southern Hulunbeier Report" records: the new Barag Left Banner Wang Fu, Chinese, painter, specialized lacquer Buddha image, family 4, great-grandfather moved from Shanxi Province, the local The whole family except for the Chinese name, Wong Foo, but has been kept of; Liu Jun-liter, native people in Zhili Province, aged 54, businessman, what year and moved to the unknown, I am his wife and children were reported Mongols; Fan Juchuan native of Henan , merchant, aged 50, his wife is Chinese, what year and moved to unknown, have been kept of his son is the Lama; Pang Zhongyi, native of Shanxi, a silversmith, a Buddhist temple autocratic, understand Mongolian Mongolian, from "Outer Mongolia "move, the contract for three years; Zhang Fugui, aged 36, from Shanxi invited by the Hailar tailor made specifically for the monks robe. Sun Yimin hematoxylin flag a Ewenki surname Han people, as early as the Qing dynasty moved to Tongzhi, carpenter origin, descendants scattered Yimin, Bayan Tuohai, Hailar, geese and other places, have been integrated into the Evenki, Mongolia, Daur tribe . During this period, the Qing dynasty had thirty-four years (1908) implemented in the region by the people Hulunbeier Yeongdong Lingxi. Lingxi particular areas, sometimes two "regimes" exist, the agency officials _set_ up by the people as most of the Han people. As re-established by the people too fast, plus other inappropriate measures, stricken minority discontent, its first year in the Republic by the people the final abolition of agencies. Thereafter, until 1920, Lingxi region re_set_ by the people sector, mainly by the Han people have official positions. After the founding of the People's Republic, the alliance with the exploitation of natural resources and national economic development, from 1950 to 1956, the Han population from all over the country every year into the Hulunbeier. The end of 1956, according to statistics, the Han population increased to 448 AU 106, accounting for 85% of the total population, almost double 1949. After _set_ting up state-owned farms with the development geese, Yimin, Baorixile three medium coal mines, railway, highway construction continued to expand, forming the climax of the Han population. In 1960, the alliance Han population of 108.8 million people, 4 times in 1949. Especially the 70's, due to ten years of chaos and the "left" the impact of the route, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Hebei, Shandong and other provinces a large influx of Han Chinese farmers with their families in agricultural areas and forest areas Hulunbeier league, some provinces and even the entire production team, production team moved to the full establishment Hulunbeier _set_tled population, so that a substantial increase in the Han population. According to a survey in 1979, Gravity Hulunbeier population (then known as permanent residence) from all 16 provinces and 200 counties. Of which the most Arong, 1972 to 1979 into the 108,817 blind people, the average annual flow into 13 602 peak in 1974, flows into the population of 65,892 people. Followed Yakeshi, 1947, 19 851 Han, 680 in 1953 to 50, 1964 increased to 223,590 people, 362 320 1982 1990 374 603. Local Customs Han Hulunbeier mostly from Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei and Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. Ling Tung, in rural villages inhabited by the formation of the same origin, such as in Shandong Tuen Mun, Tuen Zhuanghe, until the North Village, where life customs, such as language, food, housing patterns, interpersonal relationships, weddings and funerals, old deeds, etc. , keeping the native customs. Lingxi is different, sparsely populated, climate, and minority and the Russian Overseas contacts close, frequent contacts, the custom of fraternal peoples strengths and advantages of the Han people were drawn one by one, so the life and customs vary greatly.
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Folk custom
First, the basic necessities of life (A) diet Most people still preserved the habit of origin, the staple food have porridge, noodles, bread, rice and so on. But in general Naicha Lingxi, fresh beef and mutton, these are the local Mongolian, Daur, Ewenki, the Russian ethnic compatriots, the difference is that the Han people have to eat some vegetables. 80 years, regardless of Yeongdong Lingxi, rice, rice has become a staple food. After 80 years since the opening up of regional food culture, blending with the country's food culture, both in the urban areas there are some characteristics of snacks and restaurants. (B) Clothing Before 1945 and the early 50s, the Han people's clothing to cotton, cotton-based, color is black, blue, gray, white majority. Pants unlined summer, winter cotton trousers, cotton robe Mongolia, field or production of white stubble grazing Yang Piao, felt lumps. After living off gradually, especially after 1978, dressed as climate change, are generally people with a single, folders, thin, thick clothing. Young woman, happy to wear colored hanai, all kinds of long skirts, dresses, wearing a bright scarf, winter wool scarves around all kinds of new samples; men and women suit, the length of leather garments, jackets, jeans, down jackets and other new styles of clothes are common. Clothing is not to "cotton" mainly, but in plush, woolen, fur, fiber, wool, blended fabrics made good texture. Men wear hats, forward caps, knitted plush hat, new hat for more women in recent years, high hats and more attention to style. Women wear gold earrings, gold necklaces, gold rings, bracelets and other jewelry, the men wear gold rings are not uncommon. After 90 years now, both men and women in fashionable dress themselves, and that the development of Hulunbeir the development of big cities have long and integration. (C) housing Early live shack, adobe houses, or civil structure houses. After 1949, the living conditions gradually improved, the general structure for the civil engineering structures and brick houses. After the mid-80s, civil engineering structures to reduce room, mostly brick structure, some went into the building; rural farmers live in red brick tile more (some shop metal cover.) Lingxi villages, towns, hematoxylin households, are _set_tled, housing board Mud, mud room reed plate holder, a few live in brick houses. Houses are open north door, then open the door at 20 to 30 square meters of wind room, called "Wind House" or "gate struggle." Door fighting against the cold in winter, and summer kitchen. Most agricultural areas Mao burning wood, straw, firewood, small coal; pastoral cattle dung-based fuel, a small amount of the coal. General use wicker fence or barrier sub-loop into a courtyard of birch rods, single detached homes. Grazing or production of the wild, living yurts or metal board room. After 90 years since the majority of urban residents live in the main building, but small cottage residents still living. Since the state's Closing the implementation of policies to prohibit the felling of wild mountain firewood, coal is mostly heating fuel; and a small part of rural areas, firewood for heating fuel is still wild. Mongolian people have moved into the cottage now, and buildings. (D) Dialect Language Hulunbeier Yeongdong ancestors mostly by residents of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning province migration from, so most of the Northeast for the exchange of language dialects. For example, children with agile, hemp slip of children, happy children of other humorous, witty and straightforward dialect. Lingxi area mostly inhabited by Mongolian and Han, mostly for the exchange of Mongolian and Chinese languages, so some of the Mongolian Lingxi Gacha and hematoxylin as the region, "the official language." Daxing'anling Hulunbeier dialect word for the boundaries of both the phenomenon of language, in China, appears in the same city is still relatively rare. Second, the economic life In Yeongdong, early "Break the East" and later artesian who basically reclaim the land. Its production until the 70's, are mainly heavy manual. The late 70s early 80s, due to the implementation of household contract responsibility system, the relations of production have been adjusted, the enthusiasm of farmers rising, agricultural production year after harvest, significantly improved livelihood of farmers began to purchase a large number of small (small and medium-sized) tractors and machines Citation farm machinery, so that part of the project to achieve the mechanization of agricultural production. After the founding of the PRC, agriculture, forestry, industry, transport, telecommunications, commercial, mining and various social services, and the organs and institutions, the Han are the main practitioners. Household sideline production, as Yeongdong Lingxi, farming vegetable garden, planting fruits and vegetables, raising cows, pigs, chickens, geese, ducks and so on. 80 years ago mainly for their own use, 80 years later, a considerable portion of the town or have been sold on the market to improve their own lives. 90 years after the date, continue to implement the household contract responsibility system, there have been some large-scale individual farms, agricultural mechanization has been universal coverage, such as irrigation technology, large-scale agricultural machinery (harvester, planter, transplanter), some areas featuring music by open farm tourist attraction. Industry, the rapid development of light industry as the main direction of development, has become a major income tax Hulunbeier, such as the Hailar Beer Group, Bart rare Hulunbeier Beer Group, three dairy Hulunbeier Branch, Zalantun Chun Jiang oil companies. As the rapid development of the information age, information industry has developed in all aspects of society have facilitated over the transport, post and telecommunications, communications industry. Rapid increase in mobile phone penetration rate reached 65%, the network has entered the residents of the home. Internet has become indispensable to millions of households living in the part. Third, marriage and funeral (A) marriage Marriage Customs in 1949 after the great changes, mainly by parents to enrich people's old-fashioned arranged marriage, reform of marriage and the legal marriage, free love; rich and poor, far past the marriage ceremony, to only the urban and rural areas similar differences in the customs. Generally have been met, love, marriage three stages. Acquaintance with the work produced by sub-feeling, natural to love the stage and introduced by the third party met the two fell in love. Love stage long or short, that fall in love when you can get married. Rural general reservations "engaged" form, which announced the official formation of relationships, mainly courtesy of their parents, both men and women entertain each other, and some dinner alone is the man, and bride price to the woman and the introducer some remuneration. Both men and women after the government designated as a legal marriage registration department. Are still many women married to the groom followed the habit of men to women at home are referred to as "old-age son move." The man generally make arrangements for wedding day, dinner guests, accept gifts, a _set_ of harassment of liturgy. Wedding cars, mostly animal-drawn vehicles over the past 80 years, the town for cars, tractors rural areas, is also useful vehicles, motorcyclists. Third wedding day the bride "back door Day", accompanied by the bride and groom to go home, the woman's new husband and parents have to entertain guests. In recent years, adding a number of cities and towns in Western wedding customs. Also abandon old habits do extravagant wedding innovator and collective way of wedding or marriage of travel. (B) of the Funeral Fourth, festivals, old things After the founding of the PRC, in addition to statutory holidays such as New Year's Day, Spring Festival, "May" International Labor Day, "October" National Day, the Han people in general have the Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, etc. in a manner Northeast and throughout the country are similar. Five family Han Hulunbeier within the family, children, husband and wife more than a long structure, usually headed by the elder person in charge of all the household things. Republic of China, Han Chinese families Hulunbeier basically followed the form of large family of the Qing Dynasty, a few people, mostly elders and their families and brothers and little brothers and their families all the same generation as one of the combination, or a dozen or even dozens of people in one family, and many people proud. After the founding of the PRC, modular multi-generation family gradually reduced, the family structure tends to be smaller, descendants of three generations, four generations of the phenomenon is rare. Since 1980, the family structure has undergone new changes. Gradually the two-generation family members, mainly the number of members less. Mainly children after marriage, usually a family alone, multi-generation modular family disintegration. Parents, there are many changes on the title. Hulunbeier from all over the past Han majority call for parents called "father", "mother", the individual known as the father is "significantly", after the "father", "mother" instead. Especially in Lingxi, are so called. VI, folk art Hulunbeier towns in agricultural areas, forest areas of the Han are concentrated, usually in the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival and rural leisure during the season, the people more active recreational activities. Yangko main form of the artform, one his early shows and ice, Ice, lantern exhibitions in recent years, the rise of the fireworks show the city also. Yangko Yangko the form of dragon dance performances, drum, walking on stilts, running the donkey, is zoned Han Chuan, bear flowers, Tai Touwa, playing the Lions, modeling, and other opera costume characters. Some Yangko interspersed live drama performances. Makeup artist, image exaggeration, colorful clothing, colorful. Both men and women wearing silk underwear, waist colored silk. Percussion, mostly men, dressed in colorful silk clothes, plunge Yang Du white towel. Some of the contents of an increase Yangko martial arts, aerobics clothing shows and performances. Yangko become urban, rural and forest mass cultural activities, an important part of Chinese New Year. Ice, lantern From the eighties, the annual New Year's Day, Chinese New Year to the Lantern Festival, Hulunbeier towns, rivers, forests began using the natural shape of the ice carving art exhibitions. Every winter, ice and all kinds of work one after another, there are people, animals, buildings, landscapes and other strange things in the works to life. Several cities in Hulunbeier, to be held every winter the ice sculptures of various sizes match. Folk opera "two-person show" "Song and dance duet" also called "Leap the Opera", by a man and a woman singing and dancing duo, and later developed a "single succeed," one person, one solo, the Han people form of traditional folk art performances. 1924,1925 Year "song and dance duet" into the Zalantun, Arong area. Performed mainly in the form of "single-succeed", "La scene", "two-person show." Main plays a "two-person show," "West Wing", "back to the cup in mind," "Pig arch in", "Single succeed," "Wang sister Sifu", "Red Yuee dream," and so on. Performance in the form of such a small staff, props simple, easy walking, easy to understand lyrics pop, folk and more speaking, singing high-pitched, loud, lively form, by the broad masses of peasants alike. China and Russia descendants of folk dance Ergun City in Hulunbeier, Root River City and the descendants of Hailar China and Russia, the Russians maintained a traditional folk dance. A single, double and group performing "Xibuliha", "巴达罕拉娜", "Gaba Joe", "off ramp Sri Lanka", "Ao Jinuo the cards", "Cigangneika" (transliterated ) and so on. Dance with "Xiboliha", "That Linqin Ka", "tired plug", "Gaba Joe", "off ramp Sri Lanka", etc., varied dance steps, stomping more skills in a high single leg dancing . Each dance is dance music with a fixed, generally accompanied by accordion, and some group dance also add accompaniment. When holidays or leisure time, young and old together song and dance, sentiment, a warm atmosphere. Fireworks 90 years after the fireworks show is still rising, many are celebrating a number of major festivals such as the Lantern Festival, Ba Yuejie other festivals by the local people within the government, administrative institutions, well-known enterprises, the Christian will discharge. The discharge of fireworks add to the atmosphere for the festival. VII, absorb foreign languages Hulunbeier Han, due to the long and minority compatriots and foreigners living with the street, they not only learn from each other in the production and life strengths, but also in the language of mutual penetration of integration, to borrow language more. Such as: "Xi Midan," Russian, "Wu Lumo", Mongolian, is above the coagulation of milk, Chinese called "Naipi child", no smell, sweet and delicious, and everyone eating. Autumn and winter, families have more spare storage, like the Han people call this property as "Xi Midan" or "Wu Lumo." "Gala Ha (hà)", also known as "Gashi Ha", full language, it is a pig, sheep, deer, Mongolian gazelle's hind legs, knees, etc., commonly known as "back-type bone," scientific name "patella" is Hulunbeier children and women of all ethnic groups play a thing, they called it the "Gala (even) Kazakhstan", such as playing "Gala Ha" _set_ "Gala Ha," grasping "Gala Ha" and so on. "Tenth Lei child", Russian, Italy for the police, and now refers to prison if the offender was arrested and sentenced to say is "squatting Tenth Lei child." "Munger child", Mongolian, is a wild, look, taste as leek, leek leaves, but leaves more than generous, light color, no names. "Bu (bǔ) left g" for the Russian, was introduced to China by Russia as a wild, looks like a round radish, fresh and delicious, and do more for the flavor of a small pickle. "Blanket (liě) Pakistan" for the Russian, from Russian into China in a food, look like bread, pasta. Sweet, Cylindrical shape. "Daha (hà)", Mongolian, meaning large cloak, for sheepskin products, now known as the "Great skin Kazakhstan." It is worth mentioning that the 50's until the mid-60s, to promote study and master the Mongolian Han cadres and ethnic minorities to learn Chinese language, so many Han Chinese cadres to the pastoral areas, the would speak more fluent in Mongolian, then, a number of Chinese also mixed with a small number of Mongolian and, thereafter, gradually decreased. For the construction of a harmonious Hulunbeir contributed. Beautiful Hulunbeier is constantly growing, and people are enthusiastic confidence building Hulunbeier with this beautiful city, the future will be more beautiful Hulunbeier, more prosperity. I believe the near future, this land will create a one miracle. Off it! Hulunbeier! Hulunbeier people welcome friends to Hulunbeier tourism experience Yeongdong area of virgin forest and natural beauty of tourism, Lingxi region wind low grass and sheep's beautiful scenery. Social science research institutions: Inner Mongolia Academy of Social Sciences Academy Hulunbeir
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