East to a few days, but not the poor Lane Spring. I do not know have to spend the, we saw flowers people. When wind energy, more joy to listen to Seoul. Christians fear spring return, Yu Xin me sad.
① that spring. ② metaphor and the momentum of the revolution ~ prevailing over the west.
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dōng fēng
The wind blowing from the east
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No. 8
Fashion goes in cycles wind. - Southern Tang Li Yu, "Beautiful Lady Yu"
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No. 9
Spring wind
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No. 10
Metaphor of the great revolutionary upsurge of the revolutionary forces or momentum
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No. 11
East wind to the world, the Dangjin human Possessed demon. - "Tiananmen Square Eight Poems"
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No. 12
Eastern wind blowing. "Chu mythology": "East Wind Gone with the Wind Come rain gods to stay spiritual Xi Rui forget to go home." Tandoori Mu "Red Cliff" Poetry: "wind is not with Shuro it, Joe Dongjak spring locked 2. "Yang Shuo" mirage ":" the general was Harukage days, rain, blowing wind, only Gimhae. "
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No. 13
That spring. "Book of Rites Order": "﹝ ﹞ month Meng east of the thaw began vibrating insect sting, fish on ice." Tang Li Bai "Spring Drinking Alone by Moonlight," one poem: "East Fan Shu Qi, Shui Mu Rong Chunhui." "Red Building a dream, "the 50th back:" peach apricot not Fangfei not red, washed in cold wind first have laughed. "Liu Pak" Lakeside night Tiao "Poetry:" Microwave reveal Dongfeng Language: Tomorrow is clear, Castle Peak exceptionally clear. "
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No. 14
Generation refers to the spring. Tangluo hidden "Menya Chua brothers back Send" Poetry: "Jincheng travel twice a year, the former value after the value of the autumn wind."
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No. 15
Analogy revolutionary force or momentum. Xie Juezai "perplexities set energy": "and the wind has been in the majority of the workers and peasants, working people blowing here, just some cadres still calm." Chen Yi "Azolla" word: "Hi Dongfeng mighty sky wide, off the west wind . "Guo" Xinhua Song ":" multi-ethnic, such as brothers, long live the song Chiaki wind. "
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No. 16
Dishes. "Selected Works of Zuo Si <Wudu Fu>": "Grass is Lophanthus rugosus, Na, cardamom ... ... east wind, supporting the stay." Liu Kui Note: "Dongfeng, also have grass, a total of nine true." "Let Min grains Ru Guo Luo dishes were non-Chinese Products, "quoted Jin Gu micro" Guangzhou Ji ":" East Wind Chinese leaf like 'falling pregnant women', stems purple. fat for soup should taste like cheese. "see" wind dishes. "
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Glossary
◎ Dongfeng dōngfēng (1) [easterly]: the wind blowing from the east Fashion goes in cycles wind. - Southern Tang Li Yu "Poppy" (2) [springbreeze]: the spring wind (3) [drivingforceofrevolution]: the great power of metaphor or the revolutionary upsurge of the revolutionary momentum The east wind to the world outside and buildings earth Demons demon. - "Tiananmen poems eight" 1 East wind blowing. "Nine Songs Songs of the South Mountain Ghost": "wind Gone with the Wind Come Rain gods, leaving the spiritual Rui Xi forget to go." Tandoori, animal husbandry, "Red Cliff" poem: "wind and Shuro they do not, Dongjak-locked two spring Joe. "Yang Shuo" Mirage ":" generally have of spring days, rain, blowing wind, only mirage. " 2 refers to the spring. "Book of Rites on order": "﹝ ﹞ east on Meng's thaw, stinging insects before vibration, the fish on the ice." Tang Li Bai "spring drinking alone," one poem: "East Fan Shu Qi, Mizuki Rongchun Hui." "Red Building Dreams "Fifty-back:" not Fangfei apricot peach is not red, red has been laughing the first cold wind. "Liu white" lakeside evening Vision "poem:" Microwave reveal Dongfeng language: Tomorrow is clear, Castle exceptionally clear. " 3-generation refers to the spring. Tangluo hidden "Cotton Valley postback Chua brothers' poem:" Jincheng travel twice a year, the former value after the value of the autumn wind. " 4. The power of metaphor or the revolutionary momentum. Xie Juezai "middle age _set_ energy": "And the majority of the workers and peasants in the east has been in the blowing of the working people, only some cadres still calm." Chen Yi "Azolla" word: "hi mighty wind sky wide, off the west . "Guo" Xinhua Song ":" multi-ethnic, such as brothers, ages long live the song wind. " 5. Dish. "_Select_ed Works of Zuo Si <Wudu Fu>": "Grass is beans, Na, cardamom ... ... east, supporting the stay." Liu Kui Note: "East Wind, also grass, out of nine true." "Arts for the People grain If Luo dishes property by non-Chinese ru "quoted Jin Gu micro" Guangzhou mind ":" east China leaves like 'fall pregnant women', purple stems. should be fat for soup, taste like cheese. "See also" wind dishes. "
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Dongfeng Motor
The new century, Dongfeng focus in international competition, according to "integrate into the development of cooperation and competition, stronger and bigger, stronger priority" development strategy, and actively promote strategic cooperation with multinational companies, has expanded and improved with the French Peugeot - Citroën cooperation; joint venture with Nissan to conduct a comprehensive restructuring; and Honda to expand areas of cooperation; integration and restructuring of the KIA and so on. After a comprehensive restructuring of joint venture, Dongfeng structure and mechanism of profound change again. According to the modern enterprise system and international practice, build a more standardized framework for parent-subsidiary system, wind became the type of investment and operating control of the international Automotive Group. Dongfeng to build a complete research system, carry out extensive research and development in the external cooperation to build a full range of commercial vehicles, passenger car R & D platform and its support system, further improve product planning and development processes. Wind in the digestion and absorption of foreign advanced technology, based on the ability to continue to strengthen its research and development to enhance the core competitiveness. Looking to the future, the wind has established "a hundred years to build a sustainable development of the wind, a wind for the internationalization of the world, a self-development in the open in the wind" for development. The company will seize our building a moderately prosperous society and the continued strength of the domestic car market a historic opportunity to try five years of struggle to achieve production scale, operational efficiency and employee income of three double, retaining its position as industry-leading enterprise comprehensive strength, Dongfeng brand one of the world. The wind into a independent, open, sustainable development and international competitiveness of the Automotive Group.
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Movie "wind"
Director: widespread Road Wilkie Written by: Sun Mu Starring: in the humble husband Wang Yansheng Zhang Juguang Pang Xueqin Yima Released: 1958 Area: China Color: Black and White Type: art films DF (1958) Synopsis "May Day" festival, Changchun Motor City is particularly lively, new ranks of Jiefang truck, one looked really spectacular. The forefront in the parade, there is an attractive car models. Is the trial of the factory is "Dongfeng" brand cars. To the Second Plenary Session of the Eighth Party gift, Changchun First Automobile Works workers made a successful trial in 12 days, to Beijing. Superstitious books and foreign engineers tannins, do not believe in the wisdom of the workers, skeptical. Nicknamed "Black Whirlwind" young milling Tao, take the car key components bearing on the task of trial. The hospital recuperating back to the old factory worker Li Shilin in advance, based on their years of experience, to help his son Tao. In the trial process, the production of a combination of round broaches bearing damaged. Tao Mei's fiancee dispatcher unit, a single engineer to find his brother to come help. Tao theory that the lack of a single engineer, energy alone is able to fulfill the task, do not want to help. Therefore, between brother and sister also gave rise to a dispute broke. Li Shilin relying on experience and motivation to help her son find a knife with a ball pressure instead of pulling the new method, but not quite sure. Workshop Director of this son of two generations of bold vision and courage expressed strong support innovative technology to help them to do further testing. So Tao courage, to find a single engineer to give technical guidance, a single engineer is very cold, the results of tests failed. After the Tao in the technician's help, finally created a prototype of a single round bush knife, and bearing a successful trial, so that the "wind" brand cars are made on time, China will not end the history of car manufacturing.
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Dongfeng car
February 1958, Mao Zedong personally inspected FAW, FAW-on inspection, accompanied by his first director Rao Bin said: "When can I get our own production of cars it?." Leaders in order to complete high hopes, FAW workers up and down of one mind, made "by 'wind' show the red flag, create limousine to see Chairman Mao" slogan. By design, the manufacture of the entire body and a variety of sheet metal processing, almost exactly according to drawings by hand beat molding process. We dry-made cars and high morale, many people live and eat at the production site, and some even moved into the luggage shop. Engine is based on the German "Mercedes-Benz -190" car engine for the prototype manufacturing; gearbox is our own design and manufacture of third gear mechanical transmission; chassis reference is the French "Simca" the basic structure, made some improvements; vehicle maximum speed of 128 km. In April the same year, FAW formed a commando car manufacturing, vehicle assembly began the final sprint. People night and day, go all out, and soon sign off the front of the first _set_ with a dragon-made car was born! Mao Zedong on the international situation had a well-known thesis: "East wind prevails over the west wind." Smart leaders judge in accordance with FAW, to their car from had a famous name - "wind"! May 21, 1958 afternoon, and then served as President of the Supreme Mao Lin Boqu to Huairen the back garden, take the east car. Mao Zedong and said: "Well! Get our own cars it!" Dongfeng cars birth to the end of a history of the Chinese nation, but also created a history.
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Dongfeng series of missiles
A series of medium-range and intercontinental ballistic missile's Republic of China. This series of missile numbered "df-?" Forms, such as Dongfeng No.-1 and writing df-1.
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Dongfeng series of internal combustion engine
Dongfeng series electric locomotive, diesel is the main force of China, to maintain accounts for more than half of the total domestic diesel. "Wind" is a big family, there is wind, wind 2, wind 3, 4 east, east 5, 6 east, east 7, 8 east, east 9, Dongfeng 10 and Dongfeng 11 and other models. Dongfeng-type diesel locomotive factory in Dalian Locomotive & Rolling Stock 1964 freight locomotive mass production lines, produced a total of 706 units. Have used the code nd. When the reconnection of two locomotives when used by the driver of any manipulation of locomotive locomotive. Locomotive nominal power is 1500kw, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 16685mm, axis c0-c0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. Dongfeng is Qishuyan type 2 diesel locomotive rolling stock factory manufactured from 1964 to 1974 the shunting locomotive, produced a total of 148 units. Have used the code nd2, locomotive nominal power is 650kw, maximum speed 95km / h, car length 15140mm, axis c0-c0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. Dongfeng and Dongfeng diesel locomotive type 3-type structure is basically the same, only the traction gear ratio from 4.41 to 3.38, the nominal power is also reduced locomotive 1050kw. Dalian Locomotive Plant in 1969 to mass produce the trunk freight locomotives, produced a total of 226 units, drivers 16685mm, axis c0-c0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. DF4 diesel locomotive factory in Dalian Locomotive & Rolling Stock 1969 trial of high-power diesel passenger and freight lines, into mass production in 1974. Continuous improvement in the actual operation of the design, manufacture Dongfeng type 4b, 4c-based Dongfeng and Dongfeng 4d series products. DF4 transmission mode and the first generation of wind-type diesel locomotive, the biggest difference is to start using AC - DC drives (ac-dc). 4b Dongfeng diesel locomotive in 1984 by Dalian, Ziyang, Datong Locomotive Works produced diesel passenger and freight lines. Nominal power locomotives to 1985kw. Maximum speed, freight 100km / h, passenger 120km / h, car length 20500mm, axis c0-c0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. 4c Dongfeng diesel locomotive code df4c, sub-passenger, cargo two, different gear ratios in addition to traction, the two are identical. Dongfeng 4c type in the b-type diesel locomotive developed on the basis of upgrade products, improve the locomotive of economic, reliability, extended service life, the locomotive has 80 years of world advanced level. Nominal power locomotives to 2165kw. Maximum speed, freight 100km / h, passenger 120km / h, car length 20500mm, axis c0-c0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. 4c-type start from the east, the official opening of the new code df. Dongfeng 4ck type diesel locomotive code df4ck. Ziyang Locomotive Works development trunk passenger diesel locomotive, used a1a axis, full-suspension traction motor, hollow shaft drive wheel bogie. Locomotive nominal power 2165kw, the maximum speed of 160km / h, the maximum test speed of 176km / h, car length 20500mm, axis a1a-a1a, transmission mode AC - DC drives. 4d Dongfeng diesel locomotive code df4d, is a kind of sophisticated design, mature technology and sophisticated collection of parts made of freight and passenger diesel locomotive latest trunk. Locomotive nominal power 2425kw, maximum speed, freight 100km / h, passenger 145km / h, car length 20500mm, axis c0-c0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 4e-type diesel locomotive code df4e, is four lines rolling stock plant in the passenger and freight locomotives. Locomotive power 2 × 2430kw, the maximum speed of 100km / h, axis 2 × (c0-c0), Transmission AC - DC drives. 5 Dongfeng diesel locomotive code df5, 1974 years of design trial, 1985 by Dalian Locomotive factory mass production, for marshalling and shunting operations section of the station, but also as a small operation and the operation of factories, mines and traction power. Locomotive nominal power 1210kw, the maximum speed of 60km / h, car length 18000mm, axis c0-c0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 5b-type diesel locomotive code df5b, Dalian Locomotive Plant in the former east 5 variant design based on the type made. Power plant and instead use 12v240zjf diesel engine, locomotive body using gallery type, suitable for shunting and factories to use. Locomotive nominal power 1500kw, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 18000mm, axis c0-c0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng-6 diesel locomotive code df6. Dalian plant is a new generation of high-power locomotives and rolling stock, freight and passenger diesel locomotive performance of new product lines. 16v240zjd locomotive diesel engine power plant with the British Ricardo Consulting Engineering companies improved. And its transmission is in cooperation with the United States ge improved. Locomotive on the use of computer control, resistance braking systems and many other advanced technologies. Locomotive traction performance, reliability, economy and durability are advanced in the world. Locomotive nominal power 2425kw, the maximum speed of 118km / h, car length 21100mm, axis c0-c0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng-7 diesel locomotive code df7, Beijing 27 Locomotive Works in 1982, designs, full production in 1985. Market for large hub marshalling and shunting operations small mining operations. Locomotive start to accelerate fast, low fuel consumption, low noise, high efficiency, safe and reliable operation, manipulation, and easy maintenance. Locomotive nominal power 1470kw, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 17800mm, axis c0-c0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 9 diesel locomotive, code df9. Qishuyan plant is developed quasi-high speed passenger diesel locomotive. Hollow shaft with a wheel bogie traction motor full suspension, 6 two flexible cardan shaft connecting rod drive, the secondary series of high-watt soft round spring-like rubber body suspension, hydraulic shock absorbers and other contemporary snake advanced technology, meet the requirements of high-speed operation. Loading diesel power to 4500kw, the maximum speed of 160km / h, axis co-co, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Kind, there is no formal car production. 10d Dongfeng diesel locomotive, code df10f. Dongfeng 10 series in a variety of locomotives, rolling stock plant in Dalian heavy shunting locomotives and small run jobs. Loading diesel power 2200kw, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 18800mm, axis co-co, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 10f-type diesel locomotive, code df10f. Dongfeng 10 series in a variety of locomotives, rolling stock factory in Dalian for the busy passenger route open line speed of 140 ~ 160km / h passenger train traction power. Locomotives by the structure of two identical joint hanging from a single locomotive. Every single one locomotive each fitted model 12v240zjd medium-speed diesel engine as power source. Locomotive with traction, start acceleration is good, smooth operation, low cost and use of flexible features, according to different lines and the need to use two locomotives reconnection, but also can be decomposed into a single use. Loading diesel power 2 × 2200kw, the maximum speed of 160km / h, car length 2 × 18200mm, dual-axis (c0-c0), Transmission AC - DC drives.
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Chinese vocabulary
Pronunciation dōng fēng Interpretation 1, [easterly]: east wind blowing. Sentence: "Nine Songs Songs of the South Mountain Ghost": "wind Gone with the Wind Come Rain gods, leaving the spiritual Rui Xi forget to go." Surname of Li Yu's "Poppy": Fashion goes in cycles wind. - Tandoori, animal husbandry, "Red Cliff" poem: "wind and Shuro they do not, Dongjak-locked two spring Joe." Yang Shuo "Mirage": "generally have of spring days, rain, blowing wind, only Gimhae. " 2, [spring breeze]: refers to the spring. "Book of Rites on order": "﹝ ﹞ east on Meng's thaw, stinging insects before vibration, the fish on the ice." Tang Li Bai "spring drinking alone," one poem: "East Fan Shu Qi, Mizuki Rongchun Hui." "Red Building Dreams "Fifty-back:" not Fangfei apricot peach is not red, red has been laughing the first cold wind. "Liu white" lakeside evening Vision "poem:" Microwave reveal Dongfeng language: Tomorrow is clear, Castle exceptionally clear. " 3, on behalf of that spring. Tangluo hidden "Cotton Valley postback Chua brothers' poem:" Jincheng travel twice a year, the former value after the value of the autumn wind. " 4, [driving force of revolution]: the power of metaphor or the revolutionary momentum. Xie Juezai "middle age _set_ energy": "And the majority of the workers and peasants in the east has been in the blowing of the working people, only some cadres still calm." Chen Yi "Azolla" word: "hi mighty wind sky wide, off the west . "Guo" Xinhua Song ":" multi-ethnic, such as brothers, ages long live the song wind. " 5, the name of the dish. "_Select_ed Works of Zuo Si <Wudu Fu>": "Grass is beans, Na, cardamom ... ... east, supporting the stay." Liu Kui Note: "East Wind, also grass, out of nine true." "Arts for the People grain If Luo dishes property by non-Chinese ru "quoted Jin Gu micro" Guangzhou mind ":" east China leaves like 'fall pregnant women', purple stems. should be fat for soup, taste like cheese. "See also" wind dishes. " 6, also refers to the everlasting way far east, is difficult to meet with their loved ones, strangers do not die! "Huang Liang Dream" Tanchun verdict "a thousand miles east of a dream away" is what I mean. 7, grass name. "_Select_ed Works of Zuo Si <Wudu Fu>": "Shifan cork, Dongfeng Fu to stay." Liu Liang Note: "Shifan down, four-seven men were also the grass." "Rhyme Yidong": "also Dongfeng food. "Guangzhou mind," says: 'terrestrial, stems red, and sitting soup, taste like cheese, fragrant orchid like,' "Wudu Fu" goes: 'the grass is wind help to stay'. "
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Refers to the Dongfeng Motor Corporation
Dongfeng Motor Company: referred to as wind or wind company, founded in 1969, is now one of China's three major automobile enterprises, the SASAC direct supervision of central enterprises. Dongfeng Motor Company LOGO
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Dongfeng series of missiles
China a series of medium-range and intercontinental ballistic missiles. This series of missile numbered "DF-" forms, such as Dongfeng No.-1 and Writing DF-1. Known models Dongfeng -1 short-range ballistic missile Dongfeng -2 short-range ballistic missile Dongfeng -3 medium-range ballistic missile DF-4 medium / long-range ballistic missile DF-5 ICBMs DF-11 tactical missile DF-15 short range ballistic missile DF-21 medium-range ballistic missile DF-31 intercontinental ballistic missile Dongfeng intercontinental ballistic missiles -41 Dongfeng No.-1 (DF-1) short-to-ground strategic missile China under the Soviet P-2 short-range surface-to-missile imitation of strategic missiles. April 1958 began to imitate, November 5, 1960 successfully tested. Missile length of 17.68 m, 1.65 m diameter bomb, take-off weight of 20.4 tons, using a liquid fuel rocket engine, the maximum range of 600 km. Can carry 1300 kg of high explosive warheads. The missile did not deploy combat over. But China through the establishment of generic P-2 missile system, missile research, training a group of missile experts Dongfeng-2 (DF-2) medium-to-ground strategic missile China's first generation of self-developed medium-range surface-to-strategic missile, June 29, 1964 successfully tested in 1966 by the troops, have now been retired. Propellant: Single-stage liquid hydrogen peroxide + ethanol fuel Range: 1300 km; DF-2A of 1,500 kilometers Playing length: 20.9 m Missile diameter: 1.65 m Projectile Weight: 29.8 tons Warhead: 1500 kilograms of conventional high explosives, a 1290 kg warhead equivalent of 20,000 tons (DF-2A) Guidance: Inertial gyro electrolytic integrator Accuracy (CEP): 1500 米 -3000 m Dongfeng -3 (DF-3) medium-to-ground strategic missile Propellants: nitric acid and partial single-stage liquid fuel dimethyl Range: 2650 km; 2800 km (DF-3A) Playing length: 24 meters Missile diameter: 2.25 m Projectile Weight: 64 tons Warhead: 1500 kilograms of conventional high explosives; a 1290 kg nuclear warhead equivalent of 20,000 tons Guidance: Inertial gyro integrator Accuracy (CEP): 1500 米 -3000 m Dongfeng-4 (DF-4) long-range strategic missile China developed the first generation of long-range strategic missiles. January 30, 1970 successfully tested in 1980 in service. DF-4 is a type mobile launchers, two, medium-range ballistic missile with liquid fuel, can cover the U.S. military base in Guam, the improved range can be covered Moscow. According to mainland official reports, the PLA's Second Artillery Corps in 1985, the missile's control software has been improved in accuracy on to a certain increase. Most of the DF-4 missiles stored in caves during the war must be moved to the open air, spend two hours filling liquid fuel well before launch. An estimated 30 DF-4 missiles are on active duty. Propellant: two nitrate and partial liquid fuel dimethyl Range: 4,000 km; 4,750 kilometers (DF-4A) Another said of 7,000-10,000 km. Playing length: 28 m Missile diameter: 2.25 m Projectile Weight: 82 tons Warhead: 2,200 kg of a 300-ton Yield thermonuclear warhead. Another pointed out that the DF-4 can be Can be equipped with a cluster or sub-missile head. Guidance: full compensation strapdown inertial guidance Accuracy (CEP): 1,370 m DF-5 No. (DF-5) to ground strategic missile Intercontinental China developed the first generation of intercontinental-ground strategic missile. May 18, 1980 throughout the flight test was successful. DF-5 is stored in a fixed silo intercontinental ballistic missiles. September 1971 for the first time trial, 1981 service. In 1983, the missile has been enhanced to further improve the range (13,000 km), switched to a more accurate guidance system, named Dongfeng-5A. 1986 was the first sub-missile test. Chinese DF-5 is the major U.S. strategic weapons of deterrence. Propellant: two liquid fuel Range: 12,000 km; 15,000 km (DF-5A) Playing length: 32.6 m; first stage length 20.5 meters, the second-level 7.5 m, 4.6 m long warhead and accessories Missile diameter: 3.35 m Projectile Weight: 183 tons Warhead: a 3000 kg warhead 3 million tons equivalent heat level; a 3200 kg warhead 4 million tons equivalent heat level (DF-5A) Guidance: Inertial + space three-axis computer gyro static flotation Accuracy (CEP): 500 ~ 3500 米 Preparation time: 30 to 60 minutes No. DF-21 (DF-21) medium-to-ground strategic missile China's missile submarine -1 of waves developed on the basis of the second generation of medium-to-ground strategic missile. May 20, 1985 successfully tested in 1989 _set_ting. Missile length of 10.7 m, 1.4 m diameter bomb, take-off weight of 14.7 tons, the use of two solid-fuel rocket engine, road mobile launchers, the maximum range of 1800 km, 2700 km (east-21A). Can carry a 600 kg power of 30 tons TNT equivalent of thermonuclear warheads, with an accuracy 300-500 meters. No. DF-31 (DF-31) intercontinental-ground strategic missile China developed the second generation of intercontinental-ground strategic missile. May 29, 1995 successfully tested. Missile length of 13.4 m, 2.2 m diameter bomb, take-off weight of 17 tons, with three solid-fuel rocket engine, road mobile launchers and silos, launch, maximum range of 8,000 kilometers. Can carry a 700 kg TNT equivalent power of 100 million tons of thermal power of nuclear warheads or 3 points to 9 million tons of TNT equivalent thermal conductivity of nuclear warheads, 300-500 meters accuracy. DF-31 a total of four types of eight kinds (including verification bombs), respectively, thirty, a prototype, A, A 1, B, B1, ethylene, C, C a, malonic, C three. DF-31, formerly known as Dongfeng -23,1978-year project, Project No. 203 project aims to develop a way to combat former Soviet Union, Europe's long-range solid fuel missiles to replace the long-range DF-4 liquid fuel missiles. 1984 because of new technology for entry into the 831 project. Large-diameter solid rocket motor combustion chamber casting technology has been developed by the bottleneck problem of solid ICBM, military science and technology personnel through our unremitting efforts, has finally mastered the large-diameter solid rocket motor combustion chamber casting technology, design finalized in 1988, 1989 produced the first prototype of a bomb, named DF-31. B1, MDA is to model well, the Great Wall project deployed in the tunnel and to the well, they did not open before deployment. C First, the plain mobility models, but also the 50th anniversary of National Day parade display model, the launch tube outer surface in addition to the erection of the hydraulic device is not equipped with calipers, and no ribs fixed, mainly deployed in the Northeast, North China, targeted by the United States. B, ethylene, C third, mountain motor models, mainly deployed in central and eastern China, their common feature is the structure of a certain off-road capability; launchers using the ribs fixed, and installed two calipers, taking into account the Southern hills road quality factors play a stabilizing role, targeted by U.S. allies in Europe, but also take into account the fight against the former Soviet Union in Europe. DF-31 the circumference of the deviation is not open before, but according to the data analysis, well-launched models of circular error rate of about 100 meters, precision motorized models hit the poor than the well-launched models, estimated at 150 meters. DF-31 thermonuclear warhead carrying a one million tons with the ability to hit hard targets, including the United States to destroy the militia - Ⅲ compression reinforcement to wells and other North American Strategic Defense Command. The end of 2001, DF-31 complete facelift, Dongfeng four all retired. Propellant: three solid fuel Range: 8000 km Playing length: 13.4 m Missile diameter: 2.2 m Projectile Weight: 17 tons Warhead: a 1000 kg to 100 tons equivalent thermonuclear warhead; or 3 90,000 tons equivalent sub-class thermal nuclear warheads Guidance: Inertial gyro + onboard computer Accuracy (CEP) :300-500 米 Preparation time: 10 to 15 minutes DF-11 number (DF-11/CSS-7, export, said M-11) short-to-ground tactical missile China-developed short-range ground tactical missile, the export-oriented, said M-11. 1985 started the development, production and export in 1992 _set_ting. DF-11 is a motor-vehicle short-range tactical ballistic missiles, developed in 1985, 1992 service. Propellant: Single-stage solid-fuel Range: 300 km Playing length: 9.75 m Missile diameter: 0.8 m Projectile Weight: 3.8 tons Warhead: a 800 kg high-explosive warhead or 9-ton thermonuclear warhead equivalent Guidance: Inertial gyro + onboard computer, with the DF-15 modified Accuracy (CEP): 600 meters, 150 meters (modified) DF-15 No. (DF-15/M-9) short-to-ground tactical missile China-developed short-range ground tactical missile, the export of M-9. 1984 started to develop, design shape 1988, 1991 service. Missile length of 9.1 meters, 1 meter diameter bomb, take-off weight 6.2 tons, using a solid-fuel rocket engine, road mobile launchers, the maximum range of 600 km. Can carry a 500 kilogram high-explosive warhead or 9 million tons of TNT equivalent of thermonuclear warheads, with an accuracy 300 meters, 100 meters (modified). Dongfeng 41 ballistic missile (DF41) -41 Dongfeng DF-31 intercontinental ballistic missiles with intercontinental ballistic missile research and development is at the same time, in May 1995 before the DF-31 missile tests, Dongfeng -41 ballistic missile test on the high. Dongfeng -41 intercontinental range 14,000 km, the main use is to deter the United States. Dongfeng DF-31 missiles with intercontinental ballistic missiles -41 The main difference is the third-class launch vehicle is different from the third stage rocket Dongfeng -41 greater thrust. Dongfeng -41 ICBM missiles can also be equipped with the first _set_, but also using ground-vehicle mobile launchers, but also has a strong ability to survive. Dongfeng series of missiles in the development process December 9, 1957, all military forces from more than 600 research units and cadres, soldiers _set_ up a training ground missile brigade. June 1959, according to the training unit of the training missiles, training missile brigade decided to withdraw the Central Military Commission, _set_ up into two strategic missile forces fighting camp. March 18, 1960, one of the camp in the northwest city of an artillery school was established. This is China's "missile first camp," and also the first Asian countries in a strategic missile forces. The early 1950s, China to develop nuclear weapons, the Soviet request for assistance. Normalization of the Sino-Soviet period, the Soviet Union gave China some of the technical assistance of China started the construction of the nuclear industry played an important role. Soviet aid, but have reservations, not the military provided assistance. Moreover, Khrushchev purpose of providing assistance is to control China and China along with his baton. To the late 1950s, Khrushchev this attempt failed, he treacherously, tore up the contract. June 20, 1959, the CPSU Central Committee sent a letter to the CPC Central Committee, China refused to provide samples and production of atomic bombs technical information. July 16, 1960, the Soviet Government note the Chinese government, decided July 28, 1960 to September 1, the withdrawal of all Soviet experts in China. Khrushchev threatened to take the equipment to China has turned into a pile of metal scraps. He also said fiercely: Some people are reluctant to participate in nuclear umbrella, it has to do, I do not get the atomic bomb, in the end do not wear their pants on. To the end of 60 years, China finally has its own surface-to-ballistic missiles, it is basically a Soviet-made R-2 type, Chairman Mao personally missile named "Dongfeng No.-1." But because the liquid oxygen fuel missile can not be long-term storage, not easy to transport. Therefore, the main significance of Dongfeng-1 missile technology lies in training personnel, the accumulation of technical reserves, and no troops. In fact, Qian Institute under the leadership of the missile is in the process of imitation in the R-2 to grow to a million people on the research institutions. In 1963, the Central Military Commission and make a decision: build strategic missile sites. A year later, the formation of parties on the North to build a missile position of the first report. Zhang Aiping, deputy chief of staff at the group of people led by horses, hell and high water, fieldwork, in-depth original forest field trips. September 28, the formation of the first strategic missile command issued a formal position. At the same time, Dongfeng-2 development work is also intensely underway. The spring of 1962, the first one east -2 manufacturing factory, but the test base in Jiuquan, Gansu Province, when a serious accident, the engine caught fire the missile, the missile crashed near the launch pad explosion. In the following four years, Dongfeng -2 continuous improvement, and finally _set_ting side by side mounted, China's strategic missile forces and equipment of the first farming land (nuclear) missiles. To 1969 only, China produced about 100 east-2, including 90 for the A type. Currently Dongfeng -2 have been decommissioned, leaving only 30 as a combat missile sealed storage. PLA's strategic missile forces on July 1, 1966 was formally established in Beijing, Premier Zhou Enlai personally named "Second Artillery." From tens of thousands of military eighty-eight elite units, armed with our first generation of self-development to-surface missiles, but also the sacred motherland and the people with sustenance, one after another across the country to a secret mountain forests to open limp. According to some Chinese and foreign historical exposition of this period, the Soviet Union because of competition for leadership in the Communist International lopsided. At the same time, China successfully tests a hydrogen bomb and the Dongfeng-3 first test. In 1984, when China celebrated the occasion of the 35th anniversary of National Day, unwashed Zheng Chen's Second Artillery troops suddenly appeared in the world. This time, the strategic missile forces can be said Niaoqianghuanpao, not only short-range tactical missiles has been everywhere, more than one hundred tons of heavy intercontinental ballistic missiles is a giant looked awe-inspiring. This unprecedented show of force has greatly increased the credibility of the Second Artillery, but also enhance China's great power status, so people are lifted. Development to date, the Second Artillery Corps has grown into a team with a variety of high-tech means of warfare and the modern high-quality talent nuclear strike force, comprises the 12 million men, 50,000 of which the missile troops, 17,000 troops technology and equipment, engineering 2 million, the anti-chemical warfare 5,000, communications 5,000, 20,000 logistical support units, training, research and 10,000. All teams of officers have college degrees account for seventy percent of the total number of officers, all military officers are college graduates. Second Artillery Commander Yang Guoliang will be for the incumbent, Political Commissar Sui Mingtai will, in addition to four deputy commander will be, respectively, before Li Ming, Pan on the source, Zou Zhao, Zhao Xijun. Under the daily management of the Second Artillery General Staff, but in reality is a special strategic forces directly under the Central Military Commission, since 1974 has been an independent armed forces outside of independent armed services. Its headquarters in Beijing, while a preliminary underground command post, located in Shaanxi Bai. The next level is divided into six military bases (Note: Shenyang and Lanzhou Military Region 2, Beijing and Chengdu Military Region 1 each), under the jurisdiction of 17 missile brigades and an independent group in the country with more than 70 missiles at launch sites ; other units also include early warning, communication groups, security groups, technical support groups, and other units. Known Second Artillery Corps, testing and training base has three, namely the five Wai Gansu, and Shanxi Wuzhai Twin Cities. Second Artillery Corps, army officers and soldiers in the military and political quality are of a genus two, and not only because their hands to manipulate the high-tech weapons, but also because you shut the Second Artillery is a state and national survival dictates special nuclear strategic forces, From the _select_ion of officers and soldiers to the daily training to the highest standards are strict requirements, starting completely from combat, meticulous. Also, noteworthy is the Second Artillery Corps advanced training, that weapons training is started when the shape of the day, when the weapons issued to the troops, it is often formed when fighting. Dongfeng series of missile deployment According to conservative estimates of the West, the Second Artillery existing Dongfeng-3 missile 120, including 80 type A, 40 launch vehicles, launch site 40, after the Americans leave the Philippines, the military movements along the southeast coast of the second unknown, the Sixth Army in India for the existing three brigades, while the Third Army in Yunnan, a wind -3 brigade responsible for Southeast Asia. Dongfeng -3 gradually decommissioned in 2002, a comprehensive facelift mobile DF-21 type; DF-4 deployed a total of 30, mainly deployed in Hunan, Henan, and Qinghai and other places of the cave, the target for the United States, Russia and Japan; according to the U.S. satellite reconnaissance, deployment of the DF-5 is only 26, mainly in Henan and Hebei Xuanhua Luoning the silos, but the American "Great Wall Project" in the deployment of DF-5 seems to know much . China has also developed a range of over 19,000 km and 15,000 km of multi-warhead intercontinental missile, named Dongfeng 6, Dongfeng-7, but for various reasons, not the final mass deployment. Successful development of China's new DF-31 has been deployed in Fujian influenza, object to the U.S. West Coast and overseas military bases; deployed 50 DF-21, firing positions, mainly in Jilin, Yunnan and Anhui, targeted by a CIS , India, Mongolia and Japan; Dongfeng -15/11 90 years after the focus on the development of tactical missile force, deployed mainly in the South China coastal region, mainly to Taiwan and Vietnam. By the late 1980s, China has become the world's third-largest nuclear country, and the 20th century, based on a spread outside of China is said to house the official statistics, China has more than 2,350 pieces of various types of nuclear weapons (land, sea and air-based), in which 1,800 pieces of strategic nuclear weapons, 550 tactical nuclear weapons, nuclear weapons produce a total of 140-150 pieces. This can not fail to mention the construction of the Second Artillery Corps, "the Great Wall project." The summer of 1995, Liberation Army Daily, a prominent news is not that tens of thousands of officers and men of the Second Artillery Corps after ten years of bloody fighting the construction of a major defense project was successfully completed. The artificial wonders of the legendary "Great Wall Project." According to a Western strategic experts concluded that the project is to enhance the Second Artillery's nuclear counterattack capabilities built a total length of 5,000 km network of underground corridors, which may be in the junction of Shanxi and Hebei Taihang Mountain area. Strategic ballistic missiles will be deployed this underground maze swimming, and from hundreds of true and false mixed in well group in the launch. According to Western experts estimated the position of the region's complex terrain can easily give this underground fortifications 1,000 meters of land cover, which does not include any artificial reinforcement layer. If using ground-penetrating nuclear warheads to attack them, it will need three 500-kiloton nuclear warhead hit the same point before the continuous breakdown. Even familiar with the deployment of the fortifications, and then assume that the "Great Wall Project" only a km long, will need ten thousand nuclear warheads in order to ensure that completely destroyed it. Of course, in reality, it is very unlikely! For the committed from the 1960s to open up China's underground nuclear defenses, the Taihang Mountain region is only about one-third of the national nuclear deployment!
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Dongfeng series diesel locomotive
Dongfeng series electric locomotive, diesel is the main force of China, to maintain accounts for more than half of the total domestic diesel. "Wind" is a big family, there is wind, wind 2, wind 3, DF4 series, Dongfeng 5 series, Dongfeng 6, Dongfeng 7 series, Dongfeng 8 series, Dongfeng 9, Dongfeng 10 series, Dongfeng 11 series, Dongfeng 12 and Dongfeng 21 m track. Dongfeng-type diesel locomotive is Dalian, Datong, Chengdu Locomotive factory began mass production in 1964, the route freight locomotives, produced a total of 706 units. Was coded ND. When the reconnection of two locomotives when used by the driver of any manipulation of locomotive locomotive. Locomotive nominal power is 1500kW, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 16685mm, axis C0-C0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. Dongfeng is Qishuyan type 2 diesel locomotive rolling stock factory manufactured from 1964 to 1974 the shunting locomotive, produced a total of 148 units. Was coded ND2, locomotive nominal power is 650kW, maximum speed 95km / h, car length 15140mm, axis C0-C0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. Dongfeng and Dongfeng diesel locomotive type 3-type structure is basically the same, only the traction gear ratio from 4.41 to 3.38, the nominal power is also reduced locomotive 1050kW. Dalian Locomotive Plant in 1969 to mass produce the trunk freight locomotives, produced a total of 226 units, drivers 16685mm, axis C0-C0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. DF4 diesel locomotive is Dalian, Ziyang, Datong Locomotive Factory 1969 trial of high-power diesel passenger and freight lines, into mass production in 1974. Continuous improvement in the actual operation of the design, manufacture a type of Dongfeng 4B, 4C type Dongfeng and Dongfeng 4D-based products. DF4 transmission mode and the first generation of wind-type diesel locomotive, the biggest difference is to start using AC - DC Drives (AC-DC). Dongfeng 4B diesel locomotive in 1984 by Dalian, Ziyang, Datong Locomotive Works produced diesel passenger and freight lines. Nominal power locomotives to 1985kW. Maximum speed, freight 100km / h, passenger 120km / h, car length 20500mm, axis C0-C0, for the direct transmission mode - direct current transmission. Dongfeng diesel locomotive 4C code DF4C, sub-passenger, cargo two, different gear ratios in addition to traction, the two are identical. Dongfeng 4C type is B-type diesel locomotive developed on the basis of upgrade products, improve the locomotive of economic, reliability, extended service life, the locomotive has 80 years of world advanced level. Nominal power locomotives to 2165kW. Maximum speed, freight 100km / h, passenger 120km / h, car length 20500mm, axis C0-C0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 4C-type start from the official opening of the new code DF, DF4C-type diesel locomotive factory by the Quartet and Ziyang Locomotive Factory. Dongfeng Dongfeng 4CK 4C passenger diesel locomotive that code DF4CK. Ziyang Locomotive Works development trunk passenger diesel locomotive, using A1A axis, full-suspension traction motor, hollow shaft drive wheel bogie. Locomotive nominal power 2165kW, the maximum speed of 160km / h, the maximum test speed of 176km / h, car length 20500mm, axis A1A-A1A, drive means for the AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 4D diesel locomotive code DF4D, is a kind of sophisticated design, mature technology and sophisticated collection of parts made of freight and passenger diesel locomotive latest product lines. Locomotive nominal power 2425kW, maximum speed, freight 100km / h, passenger 145km / h, car length 20500mm, axis C0-C0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 4E-type diesel locomotive code DF4E, is four lines rolling stock plant in the passenger and freight locomotives. Locomotive power 2 × 2430kW, the maximum speed of 100km / h, axis 2 × (C0-C0), Transmission AC - DC drives. 5 Dongfeng diesel locomotive code DF5, 1974 years of design trial, 1985 by Dalian Locomotive factory mass production, for marshalling and shunting operations section of the station, but also as a small operation and the operation of factories, mines and traction power. Locomotive nominal power 1210kW, the maximum speed of 60km / h, car length 18000mm, axis C0-C0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng diesel locomotive 5B code DF5B, Dalian Locomotive Plant in the former east 5 variant design based on the type made. Power plant and instead use 12V240ZJF diesel engine, locomotive body using gallery type, suitable for shunting and factories to use. Locomotive nominal power 1500kW, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 18000mm, axis C0-C0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng-6 diesel locomotive code DF6. Dalian plant is a new generation of high-power locomotives and rolling stock, freight and passenger diesel locomotive performance of new product lines. 16V240ZJD locomotive diesel engine power plant with the British Ricardo Consulting Engineering companies improved. And its transmission is GE's cooperation with the United States improved. Locomotive on the use of computer control, resistance braking systems and many other advanced technologies. Locomotive traction performance, reliability, economy and durability are advanced in the world. Locomotive nominal power 2425kW, the maximum speed of 118km / h, car length 21100mm, axis C0-C0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng-7 diesel locomotive code DF7, Beijing 27 Locomotive Works in 1982, designs, full production in 1985. Market for large hub marshalling and shunting operations small mining operations. Locomotive start to accelerate fast, low fuel consumption, low noise, high efficiency, safe and reliable operation, manipulation, and easy maintenance. Locomotive nominal power 1470kW, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 17800mm, axis C0-C0, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 9 diesel locomotive, code DF9. Qishuyan plant is developed quasi-high speed passenger diesel locomotive. Hollow shaft with a wheel bogie traction motor full suspension, 6 two flexible cardan shaft connecting rod drive, the secondary series of high-watt soft round spring-like rubber body suspension, hydraulic shock absorbers and other contemporary snake advanced technology, meet the requirements of high-speed operation. Loading diesel power to 4500kW, the maximum speed of 160km / h, axis Co-Co, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Kind, there is no formal car production. Dongfeng 10D-type diesel locomotive, code DF10F. Dongfeng 10 series in a variety of locomotives, rolling stock plant in Dalian heavy shunting locomotives and small run jobs. Loading diesel power 2200kW, the maximum speed of 100km / h, car length 18800mm, Axis Co-Co, transmission mode AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 10F-type diesel locomotive, code DF10F. Dongfeng 10 series in a variety of locomotives, rolling stock factory in Dalian for the busy passenger route open line speed of 140 ~ 160km / h passenger train traction power. Locomotives by the structure of two identical joint hanging from a single locomotive. Every single one locomotive each fitted model 12V240ZJD medium-speed diesel engine as power source. Locomotive with traction, start acceleration is good, smooth operation, low cost and use of flexible features, according to different lines and the need to use two locomotives reconnection, but also can be decomposed into a single use. Loading diesel power 2 × 2200kW, the maximum speed of 160km / h, car length 2 × 18200mm, dual-axis (C0-C0), Transmission AC - DC drives. Dongfeng 11G high-speed reconnection Quasi-passenger locomotives, code DF11G, is Qishuyan Locomotive Factory for the completion of China's fifth largest railway speed specially developed quasi-two-machine re-linked high-speed passenger diesel locomotive. Locomotive equipped with 16V280ZJA traction with the main diesel engine, JF204D synchronous main generator, ZD106E traction motor, imported MTU12V183TB12G type diesel engine and auxiliary power supply with LSA47.1L11-4P-type generator. Locomotive has the following features: traction power: diesel loading power 2 × 3610kW, pulling 20 passenger cars speed 160km / h acceleration time is still 0.0245m/s2 remaining. To train with locomotive power function: motorcycle fitted with an auxiliary diesel generator _set_s, the maximum power of 2 × 400kW, power supply standard is AC380V. Locomotive technology advanced: install the most advanced type of security monitoring device 2000, the system has completely locomotives logic control, network reconnection control, improve locomotive diagnostic capabilities and remote monitoring, diagnostics. Mature and reliable locomotive: fully learn DF11, DF11Z locomotive proven advanced technology, its key components such as booster, governor, axle bearings and other imported parts. Locomotive adaptable: To meet the road and a driver delivery expertise to manipulate the characteristics of the bearing with a large-capacity fuel tank, fire, fire alarm devices, and drivers often switch to focus on the interior. Locomotive design and manufacture sophisticated: to enhance the manufacturing level to absorb and learn all the results raise the overall motorcycle design and manufacturing standards. Streamlined body, piping standardized.
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English Expression
: east wind
n.: east, easterlies, a eastth wind, an eastern wind, easterly, spring breeze, driving force of revolution
adj.: an easterly wind, wind blowing from the east
Thesaurus
Dongfeng District, Dongfeng Village east Community Dongfengdadui Village East Juweihui Dongfeng Town Dongfeng Jiedao dongfeng Township, east Regional Office, East Diban