English: oxides - oxide Elements and compounds called oxidation, forming the oxide (one and only two elements). Such as carbon dioxide (CO2), calcium oxide (CaO) according to the chemical nature of the different oxides according to whether the formation of salt with water and the resulting salt can be divided into acidic oxides, alkaline oxides, gender is not a salt, oxide and oxide four categories. and there are many complex oxides. Oxides are compounds, it must be pure materials, the composition contains only two elements, one of which must be for the oxygen, the other for metal elements, for the metal oxide; the case of non-metallic, compared to non- Metal oxides;
Translated by Google
Classification
First, the acidic oxide We know that the reaction of alkali salts with acid and water, some non-metal oxides react with alkali, and Health Salt and water, for example 2NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 +2 H2O 2NaOH + CO2 = Na2CO3 + H2O Ca (OH) 2 + SO3 = CaSO4 + H2O The reaction shows that carbon dioxide, sulfur trioxide with the acid of a similar nature, so people put two Carbon dioxide, sulfur trioxide reacts this matter sorted out alkali salts and water, oxides, known as acidic oxides. Most non-metallic oxides are acidic oxides, we are familiar with non-metallic oxides, an oxygen Dioxide than acidic oxides. Most acidic oxides combine to form water directly sorted oxygen acid. CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 SO3 + H2O = H2SO4 Thermal decomposition of oxygen-containing acid can also produce acidic oxides, for example, will receive three sulfuric acid heated oxygen Of sulfur and water: H2SO4 = SO3 ↑ + H2O Where sulfur trioxide can be seen as the resultant sulfuric acid dehydration, and therefore the acidic oxide Called anhydride. Acidic oxides (acid reacts with water) can react with alkali For example: 2NaOH + SiO2 = Na2SiO3 + H2O In fact such a reaction can be seen as the water reacts with silicate SiO2 Silicic acid and sodium hydroxide react with sodium silicate and water to generate Because the same amount of water generated Therefore, eliminating the need for water in the reaction Therefore, sodium hydroxide solution must be rubber stopper (sodium silicate has a strong adhesive) Second, the alkaline oxide React with acid to produce salt and water oxides, alkaline oxides called Most metal oxides are basic oxides, such as sodium oxide, potassium hydroxide, barium oxide Third, gender oxide Because it is the critical element, has some metal, but also has some non-metallic, while reaction with acid and alkali, it is called gender, gender is the corresponding hydrates, hydroxides Such as: Al2O3 ZnO BeO 2Al2O3 +6 HCl = 2AlCl3 +3 H2O Al2O3 +2 NaOH = 2NaAlO2 + H2O Fourth, not a salt, oxide Not react with acid to generate salt and water, not sorted alkali react and produce salt and water, these oxides is not a salt called oxides. For example, H2O, NO, CO, N2O, NO2, N2O4, TeO, ClO2, I2O4, MnO2 is not a salt oxides. Sodium hydroxide from carbon monoxide matter sorted out the reaction of formic acid sodium salt. But not generated when generating the salt water, so carbon monoxide is still not a salt oxides. Manganese dioxide, nitrogen dioxide is not a salt, oxide, manganese and nitrogen because the oxygen acid corresponding to the valence of these two elements are not +4. High manganese oxides corresponding anion of seven instead of manganese oxide manganese dioxide. Nitrate corresponding oxides of nitrogen pentoxide and not nitrogen dioxide. Five other complex oxides If Na2O2, KO2 and other peroxide and superoxide; Such as the formation of metal oxide film passivation Does not react with the acid and alkali. Presents a special crystal structure. Structure is very complex Oxide induction of knowledge 1-oxide classification (different angle) ① metal oxides and nonmetal oxides ② ionic oxide covalent-type oxide Ionic oxides: some active metals to form oxides such as Na2O, CaO, etc. Covalent oxides: some metals and oxides of all non-metallic elements such as MnO2, HgO, SO2, ClO2, etc. ③ common oxides, peroxides and superoxide ④ acidic oxides, alkaline oxides and oxide, not a salt, oxide, and other complex oxides An acidic oxide combine to form water directly sorted out most oxygen acid. CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 SO3 + H2O = H2SO4 Thermal decomposition of oxygen-containing acid can also produce acidic oxides, for example, sulfur trioxide to sulfuric acid and water heating available 2, while reaction with acid and alkali, so called gender such as: Al2O3 ZnO BeO 3 can not react with acid, alkali react and not sorted to generate salt and water, not a salt called oxides such oxides. For example, H2O, NO, CO, N2O, NO2, N2O4, TeO, ClO2, I2O4, MnO2 is not a salt oxides. (1) carbon monoxide sorted sodium hydroxide from the reaction of formic acid sodium salt. But not generated when generating the salt water, so carbon monoxide is still not a salt oxides. (2), manganese dioxide, nitrogen dioxide is not a salt, oxide, manganese and nitrogen because the oxygen acid corresponding to the valence of these two elements are not +4. (3) high manganese oxides corresponding anion of seven instead of manganese oxide, manganese dioxide. (4) nitrate corresponding oxides of nitrogen pentoxide, rather than nitrogen dioxide. 2 different types of relationship between oxide (1) not all non-metal oxides acidic oxide, Non-metallic oxides are acidic oxides is not If Mn2O7, acidic oxides, metal oxides is; CO, NO2, NO, are all non-metallic oxides, but not acidic oxide (2) alkaline oxides are metal oxides, metal oxides, but not alkaline oxide. If Na2O2, Al2O3 is not alkaline oxide (3) oxides are acidic anhydride, contains the corresponding oxygen-containing acid, but not necessarily be able to react with water. Such as SiO2 is H2SiO3 / H4SiO4 anhydride, but not reacting with water SiO2 (4) ionic oxides are strong electrolytes, are non-covalent type oxide electrolyte
Translated by Google
Summary of common oxide
(In the order of the periodic table) H2O, H2O2, HO2 He Li2O BeO B2O3, B6O CO2, CO, C3O2, C2O N2O, NO, N2O3, NO2, N2O4, N2O5 O OF2, O2F2 Ne Na2O, Na2O2, NaO2 MgO Al2O3 SiO2 P4O10, P4O6 SO2, SO3 Cl2O, ClO2, Cl2O7 Ar K2O, K2O2, KO2, KO3 CaO Sc2O3 TiO2 V2O5, VO2, V2O3, VO CrO3, CrO2, Cr2O3 Mn2O7, MnO2 Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO Co2O3, Co3O4, CoO Ni2O3, NiO CuO, Cu2O ZnO Ga2O3, GeO2 As2O3, As2O5 SeO2, SeO3 Br2O Kr Rb2O SrO Y2O3 ZrO2 Nb2O5 MoO3, MoO2 Tc2O7 RuO2, RuO4 Rh2O3 PdO Ag2O, AgO CdO In2O3 SnO2 SnO Sb2O3, Sb2O5 TeO2, TeO3 I2O5, I4O9 XeO3, XeO4 Cs2O BaO HfO2 Ta2O5 WO3, WO2, W2O3 ReO3, Re2O7 OsO4 IrO2 PtO2 Au2O3 HgO Tl2O3, Tl2O PbO, Pb3O4, PbO2 Bi2O3, Bi2O5 PoO2 At Rn Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds ↓ La2O3 Ce2O3 CeO2 Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Ac ThO2 Pa U3O8 UO2 UO3 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
Translated by Google
Encyclopedia
yanghuawu Oxide oxides Co-oxidation from the elements and compounds. Price of the same number of elements can form different oxides, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and so on. Oxides can be divided into alkaline oxides, acidic oxides and amphoteric oxide. Well mixed oxide (also known as multi-oxide), such as NiFe2O4, Y3Al5O12 and so on. Peroxide and superoxide, respectively, and O2 = O2-containing oxide ions.
Translated by Google
English Expression
: oxide
n.: compoundof oxygen and one other substance, an oxide
shiyingzu