Austrian capital city of world culture. Population of 153 9 million (1994). Industrial food, chemical, clothing, etc. mainly. Important rail hub. The city's many famous old buildings, especially multi-concert halls and opera houses, has the world's music capital "of the title. Suburban scenery, the tourism industry developed. An important place in international activities, the Third United Nations Conference on the city.
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wéi yě nà
Austria's capital. Has long been the world's capital
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No. 3
Best Vienna Travel time: in addition to outside the Danube, Vienna because of its geographical location, but also by various climatic factors - have a more humid marine west wind from the east and north there are vast Pannuo E On the grasslands a large temperature difference weather. Southwest of the Alps as a barrier, bring to a strong and warm southwest wind (so-called hot air). These factors together mean that living in different parts of Vienna - is along the Danube, or in the far hillside, or in the west, south or southeast of the Vienna Basin - you will feel very different weather . This makes many people feel the same Viennese character traits vary widely. January: Carnival March: Haydn Festival Vienna Film Festival April: Spring Pratt May / June: Vienna Festival May / June: Vienna Festival July / August: Festival September: Theatre Festival, Fair November: Schubert Festival, Antique Fair December: Advent Market Vienna, to remind: the Chinese citizens in Vienna you can enjoy shopping rebate policy, the general store hours are: Note: Tax rate: 13% Purchase amount must be greater than € 75.01. Must have "free" (tax free or europe tax free) tag store. Must be at the door to let the customs seal. Viennese cuisine: the food can be described as each meets in Vienna, because the residents of Vienna, Austria-Hungary different from the original country of different nationalities, so here's restaurant has also attracted the style of different countries. Balls inherited Bohemian style, spicy braised beef and pike-perch from Hungary, red cabbage filling fields from the Far East Slavic area, Vienna, Milan, butter resembles fried steak, roast beef ... ... A new generation of Viennese advocating healthy food, so now there are many first-class Hotel supply "new Vienna cooking", which is healthy. But there are still many who adhere to the Vienna high cholesterol diet meals, combined with white wine or beer first arrived in Vienna, visitors may wish to try this "Austrian style meals." Tourists to Vienna in the diet on a variety of places to choose from, including noisy bistro, elegant cafes and rustic little restaurants, beautiful hotel, including many of the dishes are authentic flavor of food supply in Vienna. Vienna hotel prices relatively stable, the food is generally levied 10% VAT, alcohol generally impose a 20% VAT. Relatively high price of foreign wines, often adorned with higher vegetable prices. In Vienna, the general need to pay 10% -12% of consumption. Once the center of European city life and literature-based coffee shop in Vienna today still maintains its past glory. Indeed, that the streets in Vienna cafe, listen to famous classical music, coffee tasting all kinds of Austria, Austrian-style living experience is also a good way. More "Austrian" featuring the famous blankets is made of thick green line coat reduced Roden, and folk costumes from travel clothing. City's famous pedestrian shopping concentrated in the rectangular area on three sides - Coal Market Square, Graben and Kern Turner Street, of course, other parts of the inner city, there are many high-fashion shops. The main department store shopping is Mary Street, in the late 1980s, it Zengyin snapping large influx of Hungarian goods and computers and has been dubbed the 马扎尔希尔 Dover Street. Although Vienna has never been a big shopping center, it still has two large department stores and Gern Hertz Man Siji Gross. Street to the other two were not rich people to provide economic opportunities for shopping, which is Fawoliteng Street and Bronte Street. Sale of monopoly goods shop is not much, but the interval far. But through Feisiteer palaces and churches after a Michael shopping alley, you will find an elegant store. In most stores, and all quite good for tourism and the turnover of stores, you will be able to speak fluent English, met the Purchasing Guide. Although the situation has improved in recent years, but the tendency to reject the customer record in relation to still exist. In the high price of the Vienna shop, the Purchasing Guide will often hesitant or buyers can not see the light show extreme patience, and undisguised disgust. To make matters worse, the store usually do not provide trolleys for customers to replace or refund goods (unless they are of questionable quality into the, until recently, laws strictly limit the owner of the auction or the reduction of individual rights, despite the relaxed recently, but still open laws to require (in total disregard of the interests of consumers). Vienna Transportation: Aircraft: From Vienna to Beijing and Shanghai have two weekly flights to and from classes. Departure from Vienna, Austria travel around the most convenient means of transport is the train rather than plane. Railway: Shiweixiate from Vienna airport to the city a total of 19 kilometers, take the Intercity Express 20 minutes. April to October, 24-hour rest time 5:00-0:30 operation. Car: In Vienna, as long as you have an international driver's license, and completed insurance matters, you can freely roam in the rental of all the music. Carriage: Vienna is a perfect combination of ancient and modern city in the 21st century, featuring carriage ride with a stroll medieval city - probably only be achieved here. Accommodation in Vienna: In Vienna, from the Baroque palaces, luxury hotels to simple family-run hotel and youth apartments, accommodation vary widely. Vienna Tourist Board offers a list of all hotels, according to their star classification - is a luxury five-star hotels, four star first class hotels, three-star luxury hotel is medium; two-star accommodation is common, a star is the most simple rooms. In addition to hotels, boarding houses there (and hierarchical) and seasonal hotel, which is changed by the student dormitory in the summer the hotel. Manual marked rooms and suites, with or without bath / shower prices, which inn provides bicycles for visitors. It also indicates which hotel is family run. Vienna, the official Tourist Information Office: 1, karntner strasse 38 9:00-19:00 Tourist Information Center provides general hotel introduction, the main railway station and airport information desk can help you book a room, Kern No. 38 Turner Street Bureau and the Opera House Road office accommodation bureau also provides scheduled services. In the tourist season from April to October, prices will rise and the room accommodation hard to find - it is best to book in advance through your travel agent. Bill included service charge, but the usual to the porter, the waiter's tip is to pay. Also do not forget to ask the concierge manager telephone charges you the price of the room, some visitors last horrified to find that their telephone bills on accommodation expenses of up to twice! Another controversial point is easy to call from your phone, this is wise to remember the next time you answer the phone and duration. Best to official exchange rate to the bank money - many hotels (not all) only to a very low exchange rate, hotels are dissatisfied with complaints directly to the Vienna Tourist Board Vienna, a - 1025, on Garden Street, 40 low-lying valley) . Entertainment in Vienna: Vienna entertainment can be described as colorful, whether you prefer a leisurely activities to stimulate consumption contingent or Vienna can offer you a wide variety of choices. You can either participate in a unique concert, you can also go to the casino excitement, try their luck. In short, want to experience after the sun _set_s are another kind of music style, in Vienna you can find a wide variety of activities. "Music" can provide you with a lot of music entertainment. You can go to Vienna River theater theater an der wien or Lemont theater raimunatheater enjoy musical performances, you can enjoy the wonderful programs to ronacher can also visit Vienna discotheque. In Vienna, whether traditional or trendy bar everything. There are a few blocks next to a Vienna, popular bars are in this category, such as: the old city of the "Bermuda Delta" and Mary Aki Wolf Street (marianilfer strasse) Street is near 施比特贝格 or spittelberg recommended the popular bar area. To remind you, here's "Bermuda Delta" and the Atlantic Ocean, Bermuda Delta, are very easy to get lost where, believe it will be lost. You can go to a relaxed, lively new wine tavern, you can sit a trip to the Ferris wheel, Ferris wheel, or to where the amusement park Prater prater play. If you take the elevator to a multi-wave anti-Pei donauturm revolving restaurant two restaurants, height of 160 meters and 170 meters), you can dine while overlooking the beautiful Vienna lighted night. You want to try their luck? So, Vienna casino is a good choice, three in the afternoon after a day where you can play cards to play gambling. Area: 415 km2 Population: 1.6 million Vienna was the city's streets radiation ring. 50 meters wide, along the tree-lined blocks out the sun within the inner city ring road. The inner city of ancient streets, criss-crossing, very few high-rise housing, mostly Baroque, Gothic and Romanesque architecture. St. Stephan's Cathedral and the medieval church spire towers, 138 meters high. 2 outside the outer ring road, City Park west elegant, beautiful villas and other palaces. From Schönbrunn Palace to the State Opera, the Vienna Boys Choir from the Spanish Riding School, full of a past scene of Austria-Hungary's capital. Houses many palaces and museums, the glorious tradition and modern life together. In addition, Vienna is a shopping paradise and the food world. Pure brewed wine from the vineyard to the world famous Austrian coffee from the world's top designer brand-name products, to the precious antiques and interesting memorabilia can be said here is everything.
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City Overview
Vienna is a city in a state. This area of the state is only 0.5 percent of the national territory, but the whole population of one-fifth of Austria is in here. Vienna is the Republic of Austria's political, economic and cultural center, the Austrian Federal Council, the National Assembly, the Presidential Palace, Prime Minister's Office, the national government ministries and the highest judicial body are gathered in this city. Meanwhile, the city of Vienna has enjoyed an important international position. The United Nations and OPEC has offices in Vienna. Vienna is the capital of the former Austro-Hungary, past luxurious surviving. She is Europe's oldest and most important cultural, artistic and tourist cities. After World War II Vienna who rebuilt the devastated city. Today, all of Vienna's historic buildings have been renovated. With Austria joined the European Union, Eastern and Western Europe in Vienna again become a center of commercial and economic exchanges. For tourists, Vienna has a mix of face. Music admirers and thousands of miles for a concert, come to visit the temple of music. For many visitors, the stroll in the charming banks of the Danube breathtaking, unforgettable.
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Geographical environment
Vienna area of 414.65 square kilometers, is the smallest federal state of Austria is the only other countries adjacent to a different federal states. As an important position in Vienna, it is to have the whole area of Austria's largest transportation and construction of the federal states, 11.3 percent of the area of construction land, 11.1% for road transport, 2.2% for the railway track. Vienna is the largest federal state of green, green area of 117.76 square kilometers, 28.4% coverage. Rivers and lakes area of 19.1 square kilometers, accounting for 4.6%, second only to the Burgenland. Vienna is the Austrian grape growing one of the four federal states, total vineyard area of 1.7%. Forest coverage rate of 16.6%, 15.8% agricultural land. Vienna is divided into 23 wards. Vienna has been able to become Central Europe's most important and largest cities, should be attributed to its location. Vienna is located in the northeast foot of the Alps and the Vienna Basin, between the north-west, south of the Danube from Vienna, developed, and now extended to the Danube River, east to west and north-south route to the Danube Amber Road intersection. Down since 1989 after the Iron Curtain, Austria, northern and eastern neighbors, with the apparent development of transportation and economic relations with Eastern Europe, nearly the distance between the striking distance of Vienna, capital of Slovakia, Bratislava is only 60 km This is in addition to Europe outside the Vatican City and Rome, the two countries closest distance between the capitals. Vienna from 151 meters above sea level on the Danube Island Fort Luo (Lobau), to 542 meters the highest peak in the Vienna Woods. River east of Vienna in March (March) Plain, the Danube southeast of Prairie State Park. Vienna's northwest, west and southwest by the Vienna Woods, surrounded by forests has been extended to urban areas. Vienna, the Danube flows through the city, in addition to the Danube, from Vienna, there are many streams flowing into the forest in the urban areas, including the Vienna River. Mountain west corridor connecting the southern glaciers, the region's grape growing region is in Vienna. Vienna neighborhoods focused on better air quality in western cities, and industrial areas are concentrated in the eastern part of the city, surrounded by the urban forest in Vienna, the Danube flows quietly from the city. The famous Vienna Woods from the west, north, south around the city surrounded on three sides, the vast plains of Eastern Europe from the east and its relative, full of lush, vibrant. Vienna, a beautiful environment, attractive scenery, known as "the goddess of the Danube," said.
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Goddess of the Danube
Vienna, the "goddess of the Danube," said. Beautiful environment, attractive scenery, warm summer and cool winter. Eastern Alps mountain ridge stretching to the western suburbs of Vienna Forest, Greenwood into a film. Mountain West is a gorgeous residential area, surrounded with gardens and vineyards. Danube flows into the city, water Bishan show, picturesque. Board west of the Alpine foothills, undulating "Vienna Woods" panoramic view; east face of the Danube Basin, the Carpathian mountains overlooking the sparkling green Feng Jian. North of the wide lawn like a large green velvet carpet, sparkling blue of the Danube winds during cross-flow. Houses built along the mountain, even the buildings re-building, structured. Climb afar, various styles of church building to this city in clear water covered with a layer of Castle Peak ancient solemn color. City streets were radiant ring, 50 meters wide, tree-lined blocks out the sun on both sides within the inner city ring road. Cobbled streets within the city, criss-crossing, very few high-rise housing, mostly Baroque, Gothic and Romanesque architecture. St. Stephan's Cathedral and the medieval church spire towers crown the cloud, the south tower 138 meters high, overlooking the city. Hong Brent Palace Habsburg Palace, Greek architecture, statues and fountains. Between the Danube and the Danube Canal, the island has a large park. Built in 1869, the National Opera, known as the center of world opera. 1857 built 57 meters wide, 4 km long ring road on both sides as museums, City Hall, Congress, universities and the State Opera and other important buildings, Europe's most beautiful cities in one channel. Ring Road, and another parallel between the ring road to the middle layer, this area is commercial, residential, there are palaces, churches built during the clip. The second addition to the outer ring road, city park west, elegant, beautiful villas and other palaces. In many palaces, the city is located in the southwestern part of Sheen Bu underwater eye-catching, this is the history of Austria during the boom of a relic. City southeast of the "Belvedere" as the early 18th century to resist the Turkish invasion of Emperor Karl _set_ exploits of Prince Eugene had made. East suburb and suburbs are industrial areas, there is metallurgy, machinery, automobiles, railway vehicles, chemicals and other departments, clothing and printing production accounts for more than half of the country.
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Urban population
Early 20th century, Vienna was once the world's sixth city, Vienna, Austria-Hungary's population in the period (1867 -1918 years) rapid growth, has 20 million people who at the time was second only to London, New York and Paris-based World fourth-largest city, gathered in Vienna at that time a lot of other parts of the empire from the immigrants. After World War I, many Czechs return to their homeland, which led to the city's population decline, losing a quarter of the population of Vienna. In the next period of immigration, about one-third of the population has a Slavic and Hungarian name. Vienna, now the urban population of 1.7 million (2008).
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Climate Features
Vienna is a Central European climate. The west by the Atlantic influence, temperature and diurnal temperature difference between summer and winter and rainy, east of continental climate, the temperature difference is small, rainfall is also less. Alps winter season long, relatively cool summer, the average July temperature of 14-19 ℃, the maximum temperature is usually 32 ℃. Vienna from the west by both oceanic and continental climate from the east of the impact of a transitional climate. Vienna, precipitation is very small, longer periods of drought, warm in winter than in other Austrian cities, urban centers, the average temperature of 10.4 ℃, the suburbs about 9.8 ℃, the average precipitation of 600 mm, about 60 days a year in the summer, 70 days is freezing period, the weather is very cold.
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Historical changes
Vienna is a city with 1800 years of history of the ancient city of Vienna has been inhabited in the Neolithic Age. Celtic was established in about 500 BC, Vienna, called "Vedunia". 15 AD, the Roman Empire became a front-line city, for the defense of the Germanic tribes north of Rome called it "Vindobona". 1st century AD Roman castle was established here in AD 881 in the "Slovenia," the first time recorded in the twelfth century as handicraft and commercial center, thirteen century to 1918, is the capital of the Habsburg dynasty, the future is Austria's capital. To 1137 became the Austrian Duchy Shouyi. Since then Victoria has become the Holy Roman Empire (1278 onwards) of the capital. 13 century, with the rise of the Habsburg royal family, the rapid development of the magnificent Gothic architecture springing up where they stand. After the 15th century became the capital of the Roman Empire and Europe's economic center. 16th century and 17th century Ottoman invasion of Europe in Vienna, each blocked. 18th century, Maria Fe Liexi Ya mother Goni keen on reform, fight against influence of the church, promoting social progress, while bringing the art of prosperity, so that Vienna has become the center of European classical music, won the "Music City" reputation . As the 19th century the prosperity of Austria-Hungary, Vienna also became a major European city, as the Austrian Empire (since 1806) and Austria-Hungary (1867) of the capital. Vienna, 1873, a period of 106 days of the Expo. In World War II, Nazi Germany and Austria combined again, after the war, Austria and Vienna, with Germany and Berlin, as was Britain, U.S., France, the Soviet Union control of the four countries divided into four areas management, until 1955, Austria once again independence so far. During the Cold War, Vienna was a hotbed of international espionage, because it is located between East and West Group, neutral. Prehistoric times, Roman, medieval Vienna in the Paleolithic archaeological finds there is human activity, has been inhabited since the Neolithic Age in the Vienna Basin, Vienna favorable weather conditions and fertile land resources for the Neolithic farmers provide a good living environment, the cast stone need terracotta and green stones are mined in Vienna to. Bronze Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age left Vienna the same also traces of human habitation. About 500 BC, the Celtics now establish a position in Vienna called "Vedunia" residential area, the 1st century AD Roman Empire on the Danube near the (now Vienna's city center) and the establishment of the army stationed in the city, to guardian of the border province of Pannonia. Romans stay until the 5th century, early 5th century Vienna had occurred in a devastating fire, the next record in the 881-year battle with the Magyars. 955 years, the East Frankish kingdom, King Otto I, the Battle Field in Lehe defeated the Magyars, marking the rise of Vienna and Austria. Papen Fort Dynasty Habsburg dynasty Habsburg dynasty in Vienna, the rule of a few hundred years history of Vienna during this period to become Europe's cultural and political center. After Rudolf IV (1358-1365 Duke of Austria) promulgated a series of economic policies, making back to life in Vienna, in 1365 he established the University of Vienna, and ordered the construction of Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna, he made Vienna great contribution, and therefore known as "builders of Vienna," but then he was involved in the fight for the Habsburg inheritance, which makes the Vienna riots continue to occur, the economy showing signs of deterioration. 1438 Duke Albrecht II of Austria (1404-1439 Duke of Austria, 1438-1439 king of Germany) was elected king of Germany, the Vienna again became the capital, but occurred during his tenure from 1421 to 1422 Vienna's first large-scale expulsion of Jews and persecution. Weak Frederick III (1440-1493 king of Germany, 1452-1493 Holy Roman Emperor, 1457-1493 Archduke) and King of Hungary Hungary 雅提马加什 in war, lost Vienna, Austria, including almost all the territory. 1556 into Habsburg Hungary and Bohemia, the Vienna eventually become the capital of the Holy Roman Empire. The siege of Vienna and the two brilliant Baroque era 1529 Ottoman siege of Vienna, the first time, Austrians left to rely on medieval walls, struggling to resist the attack of the Turks, in the early arrival of winter epidemics and emergency situations, the Turks were forced to withdraw. Turkish siege of Vienna City revealed a weak defense, so the decision in Vienna from 1548 onwards transformed into a fortress by the 11 and a trench formed fortress. This decision proved to be wise, in 1683 the Turks besieged Vienna the second time, after the transformation fortress defended Vienna for up to two months, until the Polish king Jan Chomsky claims not to send troops with aid, the lifting of a second the siege of Vienna, also led to the decline of the Ottoman Empire began. Experienced two Turks after the siege of Vienna began a glorious era of the building, in the reconstruction process continues to show the style of Baroque art, the nobility who have in the garden and built within the walls of palaces, the most famous is Prince Eugen of Bell, the first Buddhist Temple. After 1679 and 1713 two major pests of infectious diseases caused by a large population decay after Vienna's population continues to increase, in 1724 to 150,000 in 1790 exceeded 20 million, in this era, the establishment of the first batch of Vienna plant, laying the city sewer system and street cleaning, improved urban sanitation. Vienna is also among the first countries to introduce domestic label system and the postal system of the city. Joseph II (1780-1790 Duke of Austria, 1765-1790 Holy Roman Emperor) in 1783 for urban management reform, he introduced the city's civil service system, will move out of the city within the city cemetery. With the rapid development of cities, Vienna quickly became Europe's most important cultural centers, Haydn, Salieri, Mozart, Beethoven and Schubert in Vienna classical pinnacle. Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary under the rule of Vienna In the French Revolution War, Vienna was twice occupied by Napoleon's army. The first occurred in November 13, 1805, French troops not been resistance effortlessly into Vienna, Vienna, or even curious people who welcomed them. Franz II, Austria had to wear the crown of 1804, in response to Napoleon proclaimed himself emperor, became the first emperor of Austria, began the history of the Austrian Empire. And Napoleon in 1806 dissolved the Holy Roman Empire, Franz II, Holy Roman Empire had to take off the crown, as the Holy Roman Empire, the last emperor (reigned 1792-1806). 1809 Napoleon occupied Vienna in the second, but this time he met with stubborn resistance, captured in Vienna soon after the Battle of Aspern first tasted the taste of defeat. After the final defeat of Napoleon, September 18, 1814 to June 9, 1815 meeting in Vienna, the Austrian diplomat, this is a Meadow Tenie Clement launched a diplomatic conference of European powers to To re-adjust after Napoleon's defeat political map of Europe. February 1848 the French Revolution also had an impact in Vienna, March 13, the first revolution broke out in Germany in March, forcing Prime Minister Clement Meadow Tenie step down, then place in Vienna on October 6 October uprising, the final the emperor's army repression. 1873 Vienna World Exposition World War I and the First Republic of Austria World War I, while not directly spread to Vienna, but the long war caused a crisis in the supply of food and clothing. The end of World War I, declared the ruling Habsburg dynasty end of six centuries and the disintegration of Austria-Hungary, November 12, 1918 in the Republic of Austria Vienna, the former German parliament _set_ up in 1919, renamed the Republic of Austria, the The first Austrian Republic. Austria almost half the population lives in Vienna, Lower Austria where, six other states fear the federal state of Lower Austria a long time to grasp the initiative, in addition to the social democracy of Vienna and Lower Austria conservatism among other areas there is a serious The political opposition, in 1921 Vienna, Austria decided to separate out from Lower Austria, Vienna, Austria in 1922 to become a federal state. At the same time, the introduction of gender equality in Vienna in 1919 election, democratic society in the city from the Senate, state legislature and local councils elections has received an absolute majority, Vienna is known as "Red Vienna." During the First Republic of Austria, Vienna experienced from 1918 to 1925 inflation, 1929 world economic crisis and high unemployment. In addition, the conservatism of the Austrian Federal Government gradually reduce the Austrian tax support. Hitler came to power in 1933, the German Empire in 1938 as Prime Minister and the annexation of Austria into Hitler, ending the history of Austria-Hungary, the establishment of the Nazi dictatorship. Vienna under Nazi rule When World War II, reinforced concrete construction of six large-scale anti-aircraft batteries, one of the city are still in Vienna. Hitler's policy of genocide against the Jews, so long buried in Vienna, a few hundred years the resurgence of anti-Semitism in the 20th century, shortly after Germany into Austria, Vienna Aryan race began involuntarily threats, torture and looting Jewish Vienna species who will drive them out from home. November 9, 1938 至 10 morning known as "Kristallnacht", the Nazis began the organized massacres of Jews in Vienna there are 92 synagogues were destroyed, only one survived. Nazis on the one hand modern art is defined as "degenerate art" (German: Entartete Kunst), Vienna, on the other hand vigorously promote the "German culture", as in 1941, celebrated Mozart's death (1791) 150 anniversary. "Austria" name disappeared from the historical literature, only founded in Vienna in 1819, Austria was the first savings bank still retains the name. March 17, 1944 the first Allied air raid in Vienna, one-fifth of the entire city was destroyed. April 2, 1945 Vienna, was declared a Nazi defense areas, women and children were asked to leave the city, this means war to the white-hot stage, the Soviet army, leaving only a few kilometers from Vienna. Battle of Vienna, which lasted eight days, 40,000 people were killed. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna and the war in the air strike were not damaged, but plunged into the flames in a ransacked. Allied occupation and the Second Republic of Austria Vienna after World War II Soviet occupation, the Soviet Red Army soon started a new urban management agencies, first by the Communists as interim mayor, three days later by the Austrian Social Democrats take over. April 27, 1945, the Austrian Social Democratic Party, Austrian People's Party and the Austrian Communist Party's representative in Vienna City Hall announced that Austrian independence, the occupation authorities on April 29 will be transferred to the temporary parliament building new government, "Democratic Republic of Austria" reconstruction. The fall of 1945, the Soviet Union to allow the other three Allied troops entered Vienna, the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Union jointly occupied Vienna, until May 15, 1955 Austrian State Treaty signed by the Allies to withdraw, Austria was completely independent. With Austria and other Western European cities, Vienna in World War II Houmaxieer plan with the help of experienced an economic revival and urban renewal. October events in Hungary since October events in Hungary occurred in 1956, a failed uprising against Communist authorities after a large number of Hungarians fled the West, Vienna, received a lot of Hungarians. Vienna, Prague Spring in 1968 after receiving a number of Czech and Russians. Vienna gradually to international urban development. International Atomic Energy Agency in 1957 became the first post-1945 international organizations stationed in Vienna, Vienna, OPEC from 1965 onwards and Development Foundation of the resident, in 1961 U.S. President John F. Kennedy and the CPSU Central Committee General Secretary Khrushchev Cardiff summit held in Vienna in 1979, U.S. President Jimmy Carter and Soviet Communist Party Central Committee General Secretary Brezhnev met in Vienna in 1980, the United Nations Vienna International Centre, the city became the third resident of the United Nations, Vienna International Conference on positioning and solutions international conflicts of the city.
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Political status
In addition to New York and Geneva, the city of Vienna for the third United Nations. Built in Austria in 1979, the International Center, also known as "United Nations City", imposing, many United Nations agencies are concentrated. It was a long-term hegemony of the Habsburg dynasty in Europe where the central body; 1814, Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Metternich of Austria in Vienna on the long-running conspiracy to display cunning political trickery; 1815 Russia, the United States, Austria 3 emperor the conclusion of the so-called "Holy Alliance", trying to fight the bourgeois revolution; 1848, under the influence of the Revolution in Europe, Vienna, barricade fighting occurred, Metternich fled to London; 1867 to become Europe's largest Olympic Hungary dominated the capital; the early 1930s Hitler jumped the leader of Nazi Germany, led his army to drive straight in March 1938 in Vienna, a prelude to World War II, during the war, the city was bombarded with 53 times that many classical buildings were destroyed; 1955 May the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain, France and Austria in four countries, "Belvedere," the Chamber signed an "independent and democratic reconstruction of the Austrian State Treaty," which ended a 10-year occupation of the four countries; 10, 1955 26, the Austrian parliament to declare constitutional law "permanent neutrality", this day was designated as National Day. Austria is known as "the heart of Europe", Vienna is the "heart of the heart." Since ancient times, Vienna is the link to the transport hub of Eastern and Western Europe from the Baltic and the Adriatic Sea and an important channel between.
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Economic center
They seasonal supply of Vienna and Austria 56% 70% fresh vegetables.
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Cultural and Educational Sciences
Vienna has hundreds of primary, secondary and special schools. University of Vienna is the oldest German-speaking countries and the largest comprehensive university, founded in 1365, which particularly in the medical discipline known as stand-alone Department of Medicine, 2004 Medical University of Vienna. There is also the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts (1692), Vienna University of Veterinary Medicine (1765), Vienna University of Technology (1815), Vienna University of Music and Performing Arts (1817), Vienna University of Applied Arts (1867), Vienna University of Agriculture (1872) and Vienna University of Economics (1898) a large number of universities. Vienna, medicine and psychology with international advanced level, representatives are the first of psychoanalysis and the founder of the Vienna Circle Sigmund Freud, and the second Vienna school of individual psychology founder Alfred * Adler, on behalf of individual psychology Erwin Lingle, meaning therapy, existential analysis, and the third founder of the Vienna school of Victor Frank and so on. In addition, the founder of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics Boltzmann invented Victor Kaplan Kaplan turbines, physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach, made of the Doppler effect Doppler, TV remote Father Robert Adler device have studied and worked in Vienna. Vienna is the Vienna school of philosophy and cradle of the Austrian school of economics, representatives include Ludwig Wittgenstein, Karl Popper, Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich Keha Jesus grams and Eugen Bohm - Ba Weike and so on.
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All music
For centuries music has been inseparable from Vienna, closely linked with it. It is bred musical genius Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert and Johann Strauss the Holy Land. Vienna's musical legacy continues to this day a long. The world famous Vienna Symphony Orchestra and the Vienna Boys' Choir tour around the world will never be full in the warm applause of the audience. The Vienna Academy of Music continue to nurture the music stand out in the international musicians. In addition, the Vienna-rich active sites of modern popular music scene and attracted many young people. If you like music, you absolutely can not forget Vienna. Vienna almost one day without music. When people walk, you can always hear the elegant waltz waltz. Summer night, the park also held open-air music concert, melodious music blending with the fragrance of flowers, the drift in the breeze, echoed. Vienna has a room to play many of the traditional family, especially when the whole family happy, always playing something, beautiful melodies spread throughout the streets. Even more interesting is that in the rallies, celebrations and even the government of procedure, the pre-after classical music have all played one, which almost became a norm.
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Music Master
Vienna's classical music in the world famous, contributed countless composers over the centuries, still influence and inspire contemporary musicians. Vienna, Vienna, raising a new representative of classical music Schoenberg, Webern and Berg. There was born in Vienna Schubert, Johann Strauss, Johann Strauss, Lanna, Krenek and so on. Numerous musicians have been studying in Vienna, lives and join the music, including classical music in Vienna by three outstanding representatives of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, and Liszt, Lai Haer, Bruckner, Mahler, Georgia Luke, Brahms, Vivaldi, etc. Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Johann Strauss, Johann Strauss, Lanna, Bruckner, Mahler, Gluck, Brahms, Vivaldi so buried in Vienna. Vienna New Year Concert on January 1 each year by the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra in the Golden Hall to the global broadcast, Vienna Vienna Opera Ball is the annual climax of the carnival, and other such as the Vienna Waltz, the Vienna Boys' Choir and Vienna and other large The world-famous Opera House and the theater together.
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Golden Hall
Vienna Golden Hall is the oldest and most modern concert halls. Is the annual "Vienna New Year Concert" statutory sites. 1939, January 1 each year held in the "Vienna New Year Concert", was suspended after the war, resumed again in 1959. It is nice shape, color harmony, known as the "World Opera Center", It is the opinion the perfect pump raw art. Design the most unique mobile stage, depth of 46 meters, there are several layers of platforms, are free to increase, reduce or rotate. Orchestra pit can accommodate a 110-man band. Stage a total area of 1,500 square meters, equipped with modern lighting. Theater auditorium in the center of the public six layers, which can accommodate 2,200 people. Golden Hall was built in 1867, completed in 1869. Italian Renaissance architecture. Hue between red and yellow walls, erected on the roof of many musical statue, quaint and unique. Vienna Symphony Orchestra, conducted each quarter at least 12 concerts this. January 6, 1870, Hall Auditorium on the golden great first show. Between 1872 to 1875, the famous musician who is responsible for organizing the concert of Brahms. Friends of Music Concert Hall belongs to the Austrian Association, the Association has a membership of 7,000, is said to be the world's oldest and largest music organization. Magnificent architecture and beautiful bright sound make it worthy of the golden reputation. In the annual New Year's concert on TV, the world's music fans can listen to music at the same time to see the "Golden Hall" style. Since the completion of the hall that day, the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra is here "camp." "Golden Hall" and the Vienna Philharmonic's sound complement each other, "the world's first band" and "the world's chief concert hall" each other. Music Hall and Amsterdam and Carnegie Hall in New York compared to the "rectangular shoebox" is indeed a bit narrow. However, it sounds particularly good liquidity. Here, the strings and woodwind, woodwind and brass instruments to achieve a balance between the realm of very clever. That is why, before the annual New Year's concert of music lovers around the world to bring an unforgettable visual experience. Golden Hall New Year Concert at Vienna's "Golden Hall" How many music lovers around the world Zeng fascinating, is the "Golden Hall" gave birth to the sound of the Vienna Philharmonic. All in all, this hall there are a hundred years of history. It is completed in 1870, the official name should be called Music Association Hall, designed by the architect 奥菲尔汉森. A total of 1654 seat hall and about 300 stations, magnificent architecture and beautiful bright sound make it worthy of the golden reputation. Since the completion of the hall that day, the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra is here "camp." In the annual New Year's concert on TV, the world's music fans can listen to music at the same time to see the "Golden Hall" style. Experts at Vienna's Association Building, the 125th anniversary of completion of the study report that: "Golden Hall" of the roof is flat panels, the sides of the balcony and music goddess statue. The aesthetic significance of the decorations that had a direct hit to the wall of the musical will be extended and soothing effect. "Golden Hall" of the wooden floors and walls like a violin's sound box as the band's sound in the hall and swing vibration, reverberation curl. "Golden Hall" is indeed unique, regarded as the world's best concert hall acoustics. "Golden Hall" in the New Year's day always flowers, full of spring flavor. These flowers are from Italy's "Sunshine City" San Remo, Italy New Year's Concert in Vienna gave the people the best gift. Vienna's gardeners who include retirees from all sectors, are to attend the venue layout work. Mei year's theme bouquets are different varieties and colors, so the satellite television, the attentive television colleagues always ask about the color of flowers to avoid designing their TVs subtitles superimposed on the same color of title, affecting the audience's television ratings. Golden Hall also witnessed the history of Chinese folk music to the world. Since 1998, the first Chinese Folk Orchestra and performed in this tremendous response, received a warm welcome, Chinese folk music has begun widespread in the world, the Western upper class quality and taste of the performance.
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Tourist Attractions
Albertina Museum, Stephen's Cathedral, Hofburg Palace, Schonbrunn Palace, Vienna Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna State Opera Roman Empire and Austria-Hungary era of glory for the Vienna left countless majestic building, but as "Music City" has also attracted Beethoven, Mozart and Mahler, and many other musicians, their classical inheritance music and cultural heritage of Marxism, became a well known and make Vienna a popular tourist city. Vienna is always full of colorful, fascinating cultural programs. Whether classical or modern music theater, film, dance, or the director of opera, musicals, concerts and art exhibitions or concerts, whenever you, your visit, you will have unlimited discovery and impression. You can sit leisurely world-famous Vienna coffee shop atmosphere, a strong cup of coffee, or visit the excellent traditional wine market (Heurige). You can also enjoy at the Vienna European advanced culinary techniques. Vienna is also an international convention city, in 2006 hosted a total of 147 international conferences, more than Paris and Singapore, the world's most popular international convention city.
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International Station
In 1979, following the New York and Geneva, Vienna became the third after the United Nations resident city, Vienna is the seat of many other international organizations: * The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights * International Publication Bureau (IPI) * International Protection of the Danube Commission (IKSD) * Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) * OSCE (OSZE) * United Nations (UNO) o International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) o Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) o United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) o UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) o Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO PrepCom) o United Nations Office space (UNOOSA) o United Nations Commission on Atomic-ray effects (UNSCEAR) o United Nations Assembly (UNPA)
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Sister Cities
* Tel Aviv, Israel, since 2005. * Belgrade, Serbia, since 2003. * Warsaw, Poland, since 2001. * Zagreb, Croatia, since 1994. * Moscow, Russia since 1991. * Budapest, Hungary, since 1990. * Bratislava, Slovakia, since 1993, and 2003. Following the Vienna municipal district or special area and Japan, sister city relationships: * Area 19 Döbling and _Set_agaya-ku, Tokyo, since 1985. * 21 area Floridsdorf and Katsushika Ward, Tokyo, since 1987. * Zone 1 Innere Stadt and Taito Ward, Tokyo, since 1989. * Area 12 Meidling Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, and, since 1992. * Area 17 Hernals and Fuchu City, Tokyo, 1992. * District 9 Alsergrund and Hyogo Takarazuka City, since 1994. * Area 13 Hietzing and drag wild birds Osaka City, since 1995. * Area 22 Donaustadt and Arakawa, Tokyo, 1996. Following the Vienna municipal zoning and administrative sister city relationship between the People's Republic: * Zone 1 Innere Stadt and Shapingba * 6 and Tianjin Nankai District Mariahilf * District 9 Alsergrund and Beijing Dongcheng District * Area 11 Simmering and Beijing Chaoyang District * 22 and Luwan District Donaustadt * 23 and Fangshan District Liesing Tourist Information Vienna Tourist Board website: www.vienna.info Austrian National Tourist Office website: www.aodili.info E-mail: beijingoffice@aodili.info Vienna Tourist Board website http://www.weiyena.info/shop/shop.htm Text: 15, the music capital of Vienna Vienna is a world famous music capital. It is located in the northern foot of the Alps a beautiful, picturesque small basin, the sparkling Danube River through the city. Vienna is the cradle of European classical music. Since the 18th century, many of the world famous musicians such as Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Strauss, have spent here most of the music career, writing a lot of beautiful movements. Vienna's museum, still on display their music and manuscripts. Vienna is a city decorated with music. Here, everywhere you can see the big musicians like marble or bronze. To commemorate the music masters, many of Vienna's streets, parks, auditoriums, theaters, meeting halls, but also multi-purpose musician's name. Even the palace garden on the lawn, also with flowers formed a great musical notation as a decoration. Vienna almost one day without music. When people walk, you can always hear the elegant airy waltz waltz. Summer night, the park also held open-air music concert, melodious music blending with the fragrance of flowers in the breeze in the elegant, echoed. Vienna has a room to play many of the traditional family, especially when the Carnival music, always playing something, beautiful melodies spread throughout the streets. Even more interesting is that in the rallies, celebrations and even the government meeting, pre and post conference also played one of classical music, which almost became a norm. In Vienna, the opera house, concert halls spread, which was founded in 1869, the most famous Vienna State Opera, known as the "center of world opera." It is nice shape, color harmony, itself is a perfect work of art. Design the most unique mobile stage, depth of 46 meters, there are several layers of platforms, are free to increase, reduce or rotate. Orchestra pit can accommodate a 110-man band. Stage a total area of 1,500 square meters, equipped with modern lighting. Theater is located in the central auditorium, a total of six layers, which can accommodate 2,200 people. Known as the "Golden Hall" of the Association of Friends of Music building, beautifully decorated, magnificent. Golden on both sides of the main hall before the walls, the erection of 16 carved marble goddess of music. After the golden wings upstairs balcony entrance, placed a golden bust of ancient musicians. Hall between the beams on top of gold stenciling, painted the color like a music goddess. In the huge chandelier shining, glittering everywhere. Every New Year, in the "Golden Hall" in world-class to be held New Year's Concert, Vienna, Austria, President and celebrities have attended. The annual cultural festival, the famous musicians from around the world is here debut. Their performances attract thousands of domestic and international audience.
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Sister Cities
* Tel Aviv, Israel, since 2005. * Belgrade, Serbia, since 2003. * Warsaw, Poland, since 2001. * Zagreb, Croatia, since 1994. * Moscow, Russia since 1991. * Budapest, Hungary, since 1990. * Bratislava, Slovakia, since 1993, and 2003. Following the Vienna municipal district or special area and Japan, sister city relationships: * Area 19 Döbling and _Set_agaya-ku, Tokyo, since 1985. * 21 area Floridsdorf and Katsushika Ward, Tokyo, since 1987. * Zone 1 Innere Stadt and Taito Ward, Tokyo, since 1989. * Area 12 Meidling Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, and, since 1992. * Area 17 Hernals and Fuchu City, Tokyo, 1992. * District 9 Alsergrund and Hyogo Takarazuka City, since 1994. * Area 13 Hietzing and drag wild birds Osaka City, since 1995. * Area 22 Donaustadt and Arakawa, Tokyo, 1996. Following the Vienna municipal zoning and administrative sister city relationship between the People's Republic: * Zone 1 Innere Stadt and Shapingba * 6 and Tianjin Nankai District Mariahilf * District 9 Alsergrund and Beijing Dongcheng District * Area 11 Simmering and Beijing Chaoyang District * 22 and Luwan District Donaustadt * 23 and Fangshan District Liesing Tourist Information Vienna Tourist Board website: www.vienna.info Austrian National Tourist Office website: www.aodili.info E-mail: beijingoffice@aodili.info Vienna Tourist Board website http://www.weiyena.info/shop/shop.htm Text: 15, the music capital of Vienna Vienna is a world famous music capital. It is located in the northern foot of the Alps a beautiful, picturesque small basin, the sparkling Danube River through the city. Vienna is the cradle of European classical music. Since the 18th century, many of the world famous musicians such as Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Strauss, have spent here most of the music career, writing a lot of beautiful movements. Vienna's museum, still on display their music and manuscripts. Vienna is a city decorated with music. Here, everywhere you can see the big musicians like marble or bronze. To commemorate the music masters, many of Vienna's streets, parks, auditoriums, theaters, meeting halls, but also multi-purpose musician's name. Even the palace garden on the lawn, also with flowers formed a great musical notation as a decoration. Vienna almost one day without music. When people walk, you can always hear the elegant airy waltz waltz. Summer night, the park also held open-air music concert, melodious music blending with the fragrance of flowers in the breeze in the elegant, echoed. Vienna has a room to play many of the traditional family, especially when the Carnival music, always playing something, beautiful melodies spread throughout the streets. Even more interesting is that in the rallies, celebrations and even the government meeting, pre and post conference also played one of classical music, which almost became a norm. In Vienna, the opera house, concert halls spread, which was founded in 1869, the most famous Vienna State Opera, known as the "center of world opera." It is nice shape, color harmony, itself is a perfect work of art. Design the most unique mobile stage, depth of 46 meters, there are several layers of platforms, are free to increase, reduce or rotate. Orchestra pit can accommodate a 110-man band. Stage a total area of 1,500 square meters, equipped with modern lighting. Theater is located in the central auditorium, a total of six layers, which can accommodate 2,200 people. Known as the "Golden Hall" of the Association of Friends of Music building, beautifully decorated, magnificent. Golden on both sides of the main hall before the walls, the erection of 16 carved marble goddess of music. After the golden wings upstairs balcony entrance, placed a golden bust of ancient musicians. Hall between the beams on top of gold stenciling, painted the color like a music goddess. In the huge chandelier shining, glittering everywhere. Every New Year, in the "Golden Hall" in world-class to be held New Year's Concert, Vienna, Austria, President and celebrities have attended. The annual cultural festival, the famous musicians from around the world is here debut. Their performances attract thousands of domestic and international audience. 35, through the Vienna Woods Travel in Vienna, both the beautiful natural scenery, or the elegant architecture, give a feeling of quiet and mysterious, full of hidden source of the music, echoed the melody. Vienna Woods, the world-famous forest, composed by Johann Strauss' Vienna Woods Story "and renowned the world over. This piece of forest green and quiet from the south southwest of the city of Vienna to start rolling, rolling. Beautiful beauty Helena River flows through a lengthy, Xiquan gurgling, birds contention. Both sides by lush trees and reflected in the water, clear forest green swing during the tour, extremely charming. April 1802, Beethoven moved to a Mingjiao Hai Reagan Si Taite small village, just in front windows of houses in Vienna dense green forest. Beethoven had been diagnosed at that time had nerve deafness disorder, mood extremely painful. Him with great sorrow, determination and strong will to write the famous "sea Reagan Si Taite suicide note," to express his anger on this world and the fate of the anger and grievances. Came to the forest 欣特布吕尔 small village, we can see, in the village side of the street there is a dilapidated mill, of a village under an ancient banyan tree wells, the former residence of the village now Schubert year remained intact. It is said that when the mill owner has called Lucy's daughter, looks very handsome. Every morning the pail of water to the well to fetch water, one by one is particularly beautiful. Schubert in his house by the window to enjoy Zhefan scenarios that often, and call initiated by a strong creative sense, and later wrote a "beautiful mill girl," which hits. Karen Hill Karen boarded the forest castle, look overlooking distant views of the city, panoramic view of the Danube. Like a vast sea of green forest, undulating in the breeze under the pines, like Strauss in the "Vienna Woods Story," described as: singing bird sings, Nagareizumi sobs, the breeze, humming, air fragrance, makes fascinating, amazing ... ...
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Encyclopedia
Weiyena Vienna Wien Austria's capital and largest city, economic and cultural center, the world and international events and cultural city center. The northern foot of the Alps in the Danube Plain, the Danube flows through the city. An area of 414.5 square kilometers. Urban population of 1.5157 million, including the suburbs, including 1.875 million (1981). 172 m above sea level city. Mild climate, the average January temperature is 1.1 ℃, 7 月 24.6 ℃. Annual precipitation is 660 mm, the average annual snowfall 61 days. The city more ancient buildings. 1433 built St. Stephen's Cathedral, spire 137 meters high, overlooking the city, is the symbol of the city. Fufu Fort Palace is a modern international meetings were often held in place, the sanctuary of ancient crown and store treasures, the palace is also attached to the National Library and the Spanish riding school. Shen Bloomberg Palace Baroque architecture, built in the 17th century, is the 1815 Vienna Conference venue and musician prodigy Mozart to fame at age seven. There is also Charles Church, art history and the Natural History Museum, State Opera, Vienna University and other famous buildings. World music capital. Schubert and Brahms and other musicians grow up here, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Strauss and other musicians in this long-term residence and creation chant beautiful blue Danube in Vienna, the Vienna Woods stories have become international hits. Opera National Opera is the world's clearinghouse. Held every summer in this grand opera music turn, attracts music lovers from around the world come to travel and enjoy. (See color pictures to the Austrian capital Vienna State Opera) City with many international organizations such as UNIDO, IAEA, OPEC and other United Nations affiliated organizations. Some important bilateral or multilateral international conferences often held here, is an important international event centers. The construction of the Danube region is far from shore, "United Nations City." Urban layout unique style, a ring structure. Within the inner loop for the inner city, Duo Luoma and Gothic and other ancient buildings, is the epitome of the ancient city of culture and the arts. Congress on both sides of the inner ring road, city hall, museums and the National Opera and other institutions. Within the Second Ring Road between the Loop and to commercial and residential areas. Outside the Second Ring Road, west of Greenland and the exclusive residential area, has been extended to forest foothills; east, south and northeast are the factory district. (See color pictures street in Vienna, Austria) (Wu Jianfan)