Has called Leningrad. "Russia's second city. Population 486 7 million (1985). The city over river and canal, there are more than 300 bridges connect. Light and heavy industrial development, seagoing vessels, equipment, machinery manufacturing ranking Russia first. railway hub, the famous large harbor and major international airports. the Russian Museum, the Smolny Palace, the Winter Palace and other historical sites.
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No. 2
St. Petersburg, Russia festival in the January 7 Christmas, the church will hold a grand prayer. January 14 Orthodox New Year, also known as Basil Festival. Vasily God is considered to be "Pig God", also known as the Pig Festival. Easter, the first month after the Spring Festival the first Sunday, a strong religious atmosphere of the festival. Victory Day, May 9, the anniversary of the Great Patriotic War is also a great day victory over Nazi Germany. Independence Day, 12 June, the National Day. October Revolution Day, in November 7th. St. Petersburg shopping DOLLS, painted wooden bowls, wooden spoon, vodka, the military form, etc. St. Petersburg traffic aircraft: St. Petersburg is an important international airport, Pulkovo Airport with the former Soviet Union more than 200 cities and 17 countries overseas shipping. Rail: There were 12 radial railway lines leading to Helsinki, Warsaw, Moscow and other Russian cities. Coach: Helsinki and St. Petersburg every day there are frequent long-distance bus travel between the two places. Water: St. Petersburg is the largest seaport by sea with access to domestic and international areas. St. Petersburg by the Nordic or Eastern Europe are very easy to enter the Nordic can also choose to take the tankers. St. Petersburg is Russia's largest port, the second largest city, located in the eastern Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea, the Neva estuary. The city is connected by more than 300 bridges, and its rivers, the number of islands and bridges, the highest ranking Russian. St. Petersburg is a water city, the rivers, beautiful scenery, it is known as "Venice of the North" reputation. Is the epitome of Russia's history, education, capital and cultural center, more known as the northern capital of Russia.
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City Name History
The city in 1703 by Russian Tsar Peter I ordered the construction by the city's first building - a critical point of the Neva River named St. Peter and Paul Fortress. City name directly translated from German "Sankt Peterburg". In 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, Russia to anti-Germanic sentiment, the tsarist government ordered to St. Petersburg was renamed Petrograd. Then the Soviet Union was established to commemorate the leadership of Lenin in the October Revolution the city had a revolution, Lenin died in 1924, will be changed to Leningrad city name. Soviet Union in 1991, after the public voted to restore the old name of St. Petersburg. (Note: "Spengler" is the Russian "city" means.)
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Geography
Street map of St. Petersburg in St. Petersburg into the Gulf of Finland at the most. For large and small Neva Neva River delta convergence in the early 18th century, this was still a swamp. With the construction of St. Petersburg, artificial canals crisscross the city, the canal is dug in the period of Catherine II, to ease the Yin Fenlan the intrusion into the shallow bay waters of St. Petersburg. St. Petersburg 42 islands, connected by a bridge 423.
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History
St. Petersburg was founded in 1703, has been 300 years of history, the city name from the disciples of Jesus, Saint Peter. In 1712, St. Petersburg as the Russian capital. More than 200 years later, it is always the heart of the Russian Empire. East coast of the Baltic Sea Gulf of Finland in St. Petersburg, Neva River, is Russia's second largest city, an important industrial center and transportation hub. City began in 1703, Peter the Great in the Neva estuary of the investigation to establish the island fortress Yahtse, after expansion of the city of St. Petersburg. 1712 Russian capital moved here from Moscow, continuing more than 200 years. Renamed Petrograd in 1914, after Lenin's death in 1924 named Leningrad, Soviet Union in 1991, St. Petersburg, the old name restored. Dozens of criss-crossing the Neva River delta waterways and canals, the earth split into hundreds of small islands, connected by more than 400 bridges, so that St. Petersburg has a unique "water city" and "Bridge City" landscape. The south bank of the Neva in large central city, the city's most bustling Nevsky Avenue (Nevsky) across the city, harbor, river ports and various facilities in the periphery of Vasiliev Island, the Petrograd District, and Victoria Fort district, the former Russian empire left behind the classical buildings and monuments abound, such as the Petropavlovsk Fortress, the Hermitage and Palace Square, Summer Garden and Summer Palace, the Navy headquarters building, Shengyisake large Church, December partisan Square, Smolny ... ... Neva nurtured brilliant Russian culture, so that became known as St. Petersburg scientific and cultural city, Lomonosov, Mendeleev, Pushkin, fruit Gregory and many other outstanding scientists, writers have lived and worked here, the city has hundreds of research institutions, dozens of colleges and universities, and numerous museums and libraries, theaters and so on. In the May 27, 1703 in the name of the Holy Trinity, on the rabbits on the island of St. Petersburg held a grand ceremony; Peter the Great, the first island in the Neva River delta built rabbit Peter and Paul Fortress, in heavily guarded to Swedish army offensive defense; this point, the Baltic Sea into the Russian territory from the sea, Peter the Great created the Baltic Fleet, the first time in history Russia has its own navy, and he deserved the title of Father of the Russian Navy. 1703 is the foundation of St. Petersburg. Since then, the city gradually began to develop from the fortress. The construction of the city to pay a heavy price, about one hundred thousand artisans were sent to the site on the labor, as St. Petersburg was a swamp, so Peter the Great ordered that all the stone shipped to the country as the foundation here, any other prohibit the use of local stone to build a house; In addition, ships from abroad have to pay tax here, the so-called tax is not the money, but with the shipping to the stone. The prevailing regulations, ships to carry 30, and the boat to carry 10, each not less than 10 pounds. 1914 St. Petersburg (Sankt Pitersburkh, Sankt Peterburg) ,1914-1924 年 called Petrograd (Petrograd) ,1924-1991 year names in Leningrad (Leningrad), 1991, year after St. Petersburg (Saint Petersburg). Russia's second largest city and major port. In the St. Petersburg city has the world's third cathedral - the cathedral, also known as Isa Sheng Aisa Kiev Cathedral, this church was built in 1858, lasted 40 years to be completed within the dark green marble, ceiling murals with fourteen different jewel into, before the altar with gold inlay as all icon is a rare tourist attraction. Peter Temple is located in the suburbs west of the Gulf of Finland coast, an area of eight hundred hectares, is the czar's summer palace, the garden in fabulous luxury, there are a variety of ingenious layout of fountains and golden image, and some will tease fountain, If you accidentally step in the authorities, water column will be sprayed by the directions to a great sport. Peter Temple also known as the "Russian Versailles." And one of the world's three major museums are also located in the St. Petersburg State Hermitage Museum, which is the previous Tsar Winter Palace, now a part of the Russian National Museum, containing a world of valuable paintings and sculptures, such as the famous DaVinci Qi, Picasso, where higher oil painting masters. Luxury watch up to 2.7 million containers, _set_ the culmination of the world. In addition, the city of attractions such as the Niger River of China, Palace Square, Lenin's statue, etc. are also worth a visit. St. Petersburg is one of the few with a White Night (Sleepless Town) of the city, the annual May to August the city is almost no black days, white nights when you walk in the quiet of the Neva River, overlooking the azure sky, northern lights, feeling as if in a dream in general. Apart from the sightseeing, tourists can also look at Naff Chomsky Avenue, there are a lot of selling goods shop is full of national characteristics, visitors will be able to buy this favorite souvenirs, a rewarding experience. St. Petersburg (Saint Petersburg), Russia's second largest city, located in the eastern Gulf of Finland, Baltic Neva River, has a population of about 500 million (July 2006). St. Petersburg is the place with the famous water city of Venice, the whole city by more than 40 islands, 70 more than during the natural rivers and canals winding, sparkling clear water and elegant buildings exist side by side, just like in ancient weathering the size of the rainbow bridge lying wave. Museum of St. Petersburg is truly a bridge, in addition to rail road bridge, the 300 bridges will this even as a water city. Neva shore of St. Petersburg Peter and Paul Fortress famous ancient buildings St. Petersburg is Russia's cultural and historic city, famous for the construction of the fine, known as "floor museum," said. Peter and Paul Fortress, Peter the Great Palace, Smolny Palace, the Hermitage, Kazan Cathedral, the cathedral and other buildings Shengyisake elegant and luxurious, colorful. The world famous Winter Palace, Palace Square in St. Petersburg is located. After the Tsar was overthrown in 1917, this former tsarist palace became a symbol of the October Revolution. In 1922 it became the adjacent part of the National State Hermitage Museum. In addition, Pushkin, Lermontov, Gorky and many other famous Russian poets and writers have in this life and in creation. In Russian history, St. Petersburg is also a hero of the city. February 1917 revolution and the outbreak of the October Revolution were here. Shelling of the Winter Palace of the "Aurora" cruiser now also against the Neva river, issued the October Revolution, also head first tone artillery cannons pointing to the Winter Palace. During World War II, the city besieged by the German fascist troops 900 days, cold and hunger killed hundreds of thousands of lives. But the heroic people of St Petersburg on their own courage, determination and confidence to guard their city, until victory achieved against the siege. After the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet government awarded St. Petersburg "Hero City" the honorary title, St. Petersburg, Russia, the human spirit has become a symbol of national spirit. Today's St. Petersburg is Russia's major teaching and research center, where more than 40 colleges and universities and has 400 research institutes, including the era of Peter the Great established the Academy of Sciences. Second only to Moscow, St. Petersburg is Russia's second largest industrial center and important port and shipbuilding base. St. Petersburg is located in its north latitude 60 degrees, mid-summer, nearly 20 hours of sunshine, "White Night" is a spectacle in St. Petersburg. It usually occurs in 6,7 months, between the sun_set_ and the rising sun Ruomingruoan only a short gap, no Zhangdeng people can read books and newspapers in the street. Great eastern Gulf of Finland in St. Petersburg (including the Kete Lin Island) to form a giant horseshoe-shaped town group: North Shore is a residential, resort areas and tourist areas; the south bank of the cultural and commercial center; east stretch dating back to the Iraqi Neva Ivanov Si Keye. Neva urban tributaries were divided into 4 parts, the left bank of the Neva River (south) is the "Navy Area", large and small Neva Gaussian Vasiliev Island between small and large Neva Line Watts is among the Petrograd River area, east of Great Neva River is the Vyborg district. Urban transport development, there are 10 radial railway lines leading to Helsinki, Warsaw, Moscow and other Russian cities. St. Petersburg is a cultural city. Here are the times of Peter the Great built the Academy, there are more than 40 universities and 400 research institutions. Which are well-known St. Petersburg 1724 founded the National University of St. Petersburg State Technical University, Institute of Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, and permafrost. City, built more than 50 museums, the city known as the Museum, the famous Russian museum was established in 1895. Russian city renowned ancient buildings, belonging to the early 18th century, the main buildings are: Peter and Paul Fortress and the Peter and Paul Cathedral (burial place of Peter the Great), Department of the Navy on the island of Peter the Great's Summer Palace gardens and the gardens and so on. These buildings have a Russian characteristic of early Baroque architecture: ancient, majestic, stable. The late 18th century building has Smolny Palace, the Winter Palace, Tafulieqi Palace, Anic Cove House (later renamed after the October Revolution, the Children's Palace.) The early 19th century the main building are: the magnificent Kazan Cathedral, up to 101 meters of the Isaac Cathedral in Kiev. Many famous Russian poets and writers such as Pushkin, Lermontov, Gorky and others have in this life and in creation. St. Petersburg, Shanghai, China in 1988 and became sister cities.
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Population
January 1, 2005 population of 4,560,000 people of St. Petersburg. In 2003 the average income of 6179 rubles (176 euros). The city is mainly ethnic Russian residents (89.1%), there are other Ukrainians (3%), Jews (2.1%), Belarus (1.9%) and Tatars (0.9%). 3% of other residents, including Finns, Estonians, Germans, Poles, Vietnamese, Chinese and so on.
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Travel
Palace Hermitage (Зимний дворец): the former imperial palace for the Russian empire, now part of the Hermitage Museum. Palace of the General Staff before the semi-circular plaza and Alexander monument. Located in the Palace Square, built in 1754-1762, the tsar's palace is history. Baroque style architecture, a total of 3 layers, the size of more than 1,000 halls and rooms, the interior and exterior decoration is very luxurious. After the October Revolution in Russia, the Hermitage Museum was changed, in all kinds of antiques and art treasures from around the world nearly 300 million, according to the prehistoric culture, Greek and Roman culture, Oriental culture and several special display of Russian culture, is the world's the largest and most museums collections. Summer Garden (Летний сад): located east of the Winter Palace, is a simple two-storey building. Garden with its subsidiaries, the "Engineer bastions" (Инженерный замок), is the assassination of Tsar Paul I of the land. Summer Palace (Летний дворец) Peter Temple (Петродворец): formerly known as "Peter Hoff House" (Петергоф), located in St. Petersburg, 29 km west of the Gulf of Finland, is the Peter the Great's summer palace. The main building has a large palace (Большой дворец) and 蒙普莱西尔 Palace (дворец Монплезир). The palace with its fountains step through the Gulf of Finland and the many cleverly designed garden fountains and famous. Ao Laning Baum (Ораниенбаум): Peter is located 12 km west of Miyagi, the favorite of Peter the Great, St. Petersburg Mayor Alexander Myanmar Cove building, there are a large palace, the Chinese Palace and other buildings. Queen Village (Царское Село): now known as "Pushkin", located 25 kilometers south of St. Petersburg, there are Catherine Palace (Екатерининский дворец), Alexander Palace (Александровский дворец) and other construction. The Amber Room of Catherine Palace was known as "the eighth wonder of the world." Pavlovsk (Павловский дворец): located 30 km south of St. Petersburg, by the Scottish architect Charles Cameron for the construction of Tsar Paul I, the garden is a subsidiary of Russia's largest park, known as "the world's best One of the garden. " Stuttgart Chena (Гатчина): located 50 km south of St. Petersburg, Tsar Paul I is the palace and military fortress. Tuffley House (Таврический дворец): is Catherine II gave their feelings Fubo the Golden gift. Myanmar Xike Fu Gong (Меншиковский дворец). Marble Palace (Мраморный дворец). Yousubofu Palace (Юсуповский дворец): located in the Mo Yika canal is Yousubofu family residence, 1916 "Wuseng" Rasputin loyalists in the aristocratic palace was murdered. Church Isa Kiev Cathedral (Исаакиевский собор): the Russian empire's main church, is the largest church in St. Petersburg. Patron saint of the Romanov dynasty - Dalmatia Shengyisake name (his day of celebration and the birthday of Peter the Great on the same day.) Kazan Cathedral (Казанский кафедральный собор): Tsar Paul I ordered a replica of the Cathedral 罗马圣彼得 construction. After the October Revolution as "anti-religious museum." Bloody Christ Cathedral (Храм Спаса на Крови), built in place on the assassination of Alexander II. Red Square 瓦西里勃拉 appearance within the church, similar to the kernel. Qie Sima Church (Чесменская церковь), the 1770 Russian fleet defeated the Turkish navy Qiesi Ma sea named, the appearance of red and white stripes, very smart. Epiphany Cathedral of St. Yung (Спасо-Преображенский собор) Trinity Cathedral (Троицкий собор) Samson Cathedral (Сампсониевский собор) John the Baptist Church (Церковь Иоана-Предтечи) Alexander Nevsky Monastery (Александро-Невская лавра) Museum Hermitage Museum (Государственный Эрмитаж) Russian Museum (Русский музей) Historical Wax Museum (Исторический музей восковых фигур) Museum of Ethnography and Anthropology (Музея антропологии и этнографии) Zoological Museum (Зоологический музей) Kirov Museum (Музей Сергея Кирова) Battle of Leningrad Museum (Музей обороны Ленинграда) Navy Museum (Военно-морской музей) Other Like Peter the Great Bronze Knight, the city landmark. Mariinsky Theatre (Мариинский театр): Founded in 1730, Russia's most famous opera and ballet are staged here Peter - Paul Fortress (Петропавловская крепость) Department of the Navy (Адмиралтейство) Aurora cruiser (Крейсер «Аврора»): formerly one of Russia Imperial Navy warships main. Russian October Revolution in 1917, acquired by the revolutionary army, "Aurora No." cruiser last bastion of the tsar dynasty - the Winter Palace attacked. Winter Palace was captured, marked the rule of the Russian tsar dynasty for centuries been completely overturned, the October Revolution achieved complete victory. Ship as the exploits of the October Revolution, "Le Er Ying number" is fixed in the Neva River on the cruiser, as a permanent memorial. Smolny (Смольный институт): the Smolny girls school, the October Revolution, a revolution in the command center. St. Petersburg Mayor's office is now Pi Sika Korolyov Cemetery (Пискарёвское мемориальное кладбище).
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Sister Cities
Turku, Finland, the conclusion of the year: 1953 Istanbul, Turkey Zagreb, Croatia, the conclusion of the year: 1968 Osaka, Japan, the conclusion of the year: 1979 People's Republic of Shanghai, the conclusion of the year: 1988 Melbourne, Australia, the conclusion of the year: 1989 Los Angeles, the conclusion of the day: December 8, 1989 Lansing United States, the conclusion of the year: 1992 Rotterdam, the Netherlands Republic of China, Qingdao, the conclusion of the year: 2007 Isfahan, Iran, the conclusion of the year: 1999 Milan, Italy Debrecen, Hungary Hamburg, Germany Birmingham Belgrade, Serbia Mumbai, India Kosice, Slovakia Dresden, Germany Warsaw, Poland
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Same name as the city
City of St. Petersburg, Florida (St. Petersburg) - the names of the two cities are similar. In its inception in 1892, when the city of St. Petersburg, also so named to commemorate the city's great 彼德狄曼斯 open home - St. Petersburg. At present, St. Petersburg and St. Petersburg remained the "twin city" relationship.
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Torch arrives
Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch Relay through St. Petersburg Time: 2008 4 月 5 日 (Saturday). Coordinates: Fifty-nine degrees north latitude Fifty-six minutes, the second is thirty degrees east longitude
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Board games
About the Game "St. Petersburg" is a game based on the production of the desktop PC version of the game, the game _select_ed by rotating the trading card mode, 2-4 players through the different strategies to expand their reputation in St Petersburg, the last most prestigious Players win. Game evaluation Screen: A strong classical style card games. Baroque palaces, wide boulevards and impressive St. Petersburg. In 1703, Peter the Great placed the first foundation of buildings, we will follow him to trade and construction. Sound: The game does not _set_ the music, but this does not affect the process of the game. Get started: Game with mouse, there are four different processes, you have to get revenue increase for the workers, gain reputation for building and increase the impact of the city to attract more noble, more in the prestige end of the game to win. Creativity: Very good strategic game, you have to be used within the limited resources to purchase a reasonable manner, taking into account also the different strategies of competitors, in real time to adjust your strategy to properly process the best. Playability: 2-4 game can choose to compete against the computer, you can also request according to the player to _select_ different difficulty, the game's AI well-designed, want to beat it is not a simple matter, you need more in-depth skills in the game understanding. Rules of the game: The player who made the licensing of production cards (green) card face up on the library and draw on the game board of the above Four-player draws eight cards The three player draws six cards Two player draws four cards Games from the production stage Game Flow St. Petersburg game consists of several rounds (usually 6 - 8 rounds), each round includes the following in the same order, the production stage, construction stage, the aristocratic stage, upgrade phase. After the end of four stages of a new round begins. Each stage is divided into three parts, action, scoring, updated card. Action Round, the player can perform one of the following actions: Buy a (production / construction / nobles) card Plus a (production / construction / nobles) card to the hand Play from the hands of a (production / construction / nobles) card Pass * Buy a (production / construction / nobles) card: Players buy cards, immediately pay to the bank, while on the front of the card, according to category of good. Production of cards to make money, building cards earn points, both noble card in everyone. * Add a card to hand: the hand of every person limit is three cards, players can take a card to hand, do not pay any fees. End of the game, if not built out of the remaining hand of cards, each with five buckle. * To play a card from your hand: the player choose a card from the hand built out, pay to the bank. * Pass the player does not perform any action: starting from a correct implementation of the action started Marker players, clockwise, until the implementation of action would have been after all the points per Pass. Scoring From the front of the player on their own production / construction / nobles card get money, score, score card produced only at the production stage, building card points only in the construction phase, scoring only in the aristocratic elite card, all of the cards are interest points, and even covered in the previous Round, the money from the bank, or move in the points scoring table. Updated card: the end of the holding card, the cards make up to eight, the eight constraints and the relevant number of players. Diego dealer license from the library the next draw, on the game board on the bar, before the rest of the cards right (do not change the bottom bar), and will turn 90 degrees, said library for the end of round stage. Upgrade Card Round: upgrade cards are not the same stage some place. At this stage there is no scoring round, the player will not get any money or points, the same as with the earlier round action. After the action stage, all the lower card from the game will be moved to lower the upper card, and then produce the card from the deck fill to draw eight, start a new round. End of turn, his hands clockwise Marker to the opponent. Game Over When the dealer will be one of a stack of library for the last one (production / construction / nobles) card into the game board, this game is after the end of round, and then the final account stages. Final score: the last count to twelve, if the card has a different aristocracy, according to a points score board to the sub-12345678910 (species) corresponding to 136,101,521,283,645 55 ( points); get one point for every ten rubles, a snap-fifth of the remaining hand. With the most points wins, a tie when the amount of money than the rest. Lower paid cards: There are four cases, players can reduce the payment card fees. 1. Players already have the same card, the same can pay less for each one ruble; 2. Buy the lower card, pay a few rubles; 3. Players have Glodsmith card, buy a card to pay less noble a ruble; 4. Players have Carpenter card, card, pay less to buy the building for a ruble. All effects can be accumulated to reduce costs, the minimum cost of the card to pay a ruble, whether to 0 or lower. Upgrade Card: When a player upgrades to buy a card, or play an upgrade card, the player must discard cards the same color in front of an upgrade card to be abandoned buildings in blue, orange upgrade aristocratic card to be abandoned; green upgrade card less, every piece of green card has a symbol on it, the green card is required to upgrade the same as the corresponding symbols. Upgrade cards can not replace the upgrade card. When the upgrade card is higher expenses and pay the difference; when the upgrade card cost the same or lower, the payment of a ruble. Reduce the cost of the normal rules still apply to the card during the upgrade card. Cards with special features SPECIAL CARDS ----- Worker ----- (8) Czar and Carpenter (Zar und Zimmermann) any upgrade cards for Czar ---- building ----- (2 / 6) Potjomkin's Village (Potjomkin's Dorf) cover only 2 when the ruble, but the upgrade when 6 rubles (2) Warehouse (Lagerhaus) to play those hands can hold 4 cards (1) Pub (Schenke) play in the total time-sharing can be used for 2 rubles 1 point for each round to buy up to 5 points Note: can not use points in exchange for rubles (6) Observatory (Sternwerte) 1 or desirable (with an action) of any kind of card is drawn on top of a ----- exchange ----- (4) Carpenter Workshop (Schreinerei) cover (blue) rubles may pay less 1 (6) Gold Smelter (Goldschmiede) cover aristocracy (orange) may pay less 1 ruble (10) Mariinskij-Theater Total time-sharing has a noble from each (orange) that are 1 ruble (17) Tax Man (SteuerXXXX) from each account has a time-workers (green) that have a specific requirement if all the ruble will buy cards, do not make new cards.
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Wikipedia Daquan
St. Petersburg St. Petersburg Shengbidebao St. Petersburg (st.petersbu ah) Russian Federation Second largest city, largest port, Leningrad Oblast administration Heart, naval base, headquarters of the Leningrad Military District resident. Eastern Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea, Neva delta, 59057 N, N, 300 19. W Polo The North Sea through the Atlantic sea, the North Sea to the Baltic Sea and one white Canal through the Arctic Ocean, southeast of Moscow by rail directly, as Gateway to northwestern Russia, an important strategic position. Area 570 square kilometers (58 square kilometers with water.) Population 4387000 (1993). City by 16 administrative districts. Street Areas to the Winter Palace Square as the core, the backbone of Nevsky Prospect, Irregular radial pattern. Most of the elevation of 1.2-3 Meters, low and flat, north, east, south side Gangqiu around 3. There are 42 large islands, urban areas, and several tributaries of the Neva River And many rivers, canals through the meantime, the islands by more than 400 Bridges connected. A temperate maritime climate. Average gas Temperature: January 1 July ℃, 7 on 17.7 ℃. Extreme maximum air Temperature of 32.8 ℃, the lowest for a 36 ℃. 585 mm annual precipitation Meters. Early summer "White Nights" phenomenon. 1703 St. He said Petersburg. Renamed Petrograd in 1914. January 1924 26, renamed Leningrad. October 1, 1991, said Fu This name. 1703 Peter I seized from the Swedes Here was built after the island in the St. Petersburg fortress Zhaya Qi, Built in the island of Kronstadt Shiluo Te Kete Lin fortress (1723 onwards Said the Kronstadt fortress.) The left bank of the Neva River in 1704 Navy built the fortress. Various forts in the Northern War (1700 - 1721) and Sweden as a base for operations played a masterpiece Use. Crimean War (1853 a 1856), the Russian With these defenses to stop the fleet the British and French fleet Attempt to break through St. Petersburg. A 1907 Russian 1905 The first bourgeois-democratic revolution, reform February 1917 Life, the socialist revolution in 1917 which first In the outbreak. During World War II, Leningrad was German main target. A 1941 Soviet and 1944 German made famous in the Battle of Leningrad, anti- 900 days of the German Imperial blockade and bombing, to defend the capital Moscow made an important contribution. Post-war reconstruction, as Russia's major economic, scientific, cultural and military center and the Transportation hub. Known mechanical manufacturing industry, shipbuilding, instrument Control instrumentation, power machinery industry ranked first in the country. "Baltic Sea", "Maer Ti", "Minnesota Mei He," 'Old Zhdanov, "the four shipyards to build missile cruisers and Nuclear-powered submarines and other ships. Transport facilities, there are 12 iron Road to the country and Poland, Finland and other neighboring countries, there are H section This road will _set_ dry. The city subway, the southern suburbs of the international machine Field. Port in the southwest, the European part of Russia Shipping hub. Hong Kong! "Equipped, annual throughput 1 500 million tons. November to next April for the freezing period, Maintained by the icebreaker through dirty. Kronstadt is the Baltic An important base for Sea Fleet, is located 30 km northwest of, Near the mouth of the Gulf of Finland, with naval arsenal and dockyard. Has a length of 32 km of deep-water channel, a large surface ships And submarines can reach the city by the naval bases and ports. The city has St. Petersburg University (Lenin University), more than 40 More than 400 universities and research institutions, more than Victory monument. (Zhang in)