馬其頓共和國（馬其頓語：Република Македонија）是位於東南歐的巴爾幹半島南部的內陸小國，東臨保加利亞，北臨塞爾維亞，西臨阿爾巴尼亞，南臨希臘。由於希臘反對馬其頓共和國使用“馬其頓”的名稱，世界上絶大多數國傢以及聯合國等國際組織現在均將該國暫時稱為“前南斯拉夫馬其頓共和國”（Поранешна Југословенска Република Македонија(ПЈРМ)/Poranešna Jugoslovenska Republika Makedonija(PJRM)）。目前全世界約有40個國傢承認“馬其頓共和國”本身使用的名稱。
Macedonia (/ˌmæsɨˈdoʊniə/, Macedonian: Македонија), officially the Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: Република Македонија, transliterated: Republika Makedonija [rɛˈpublika makɛˈdɔnija] ), is a country in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeastern Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991. It became a member of the United Nations in 1993, but as a result of a dispute with Greece over its name, it was admitted under the provisional reference of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, sometimes abbreviated as FYROM.
A landlocked country, the Republic of Macedonia is bordered by Kosovo[a] to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast, Bulgaria to the east, Greece to the south and Albania to the west. The country's capital is Skopje, with 506,926 inhabitants according to a 2004 census. Other cities include Bitola, Kumanovo, Prilep, Tetovo, Ohrid, Veles, Štip, Kočani, Gostivar and Strumica. It has more than 50 lakes and sixteen mountains higher than 2,000 m (6,562 ft). Macedonia is a member of the UN and the Council of Europe. Since December 2005 it has also been a candidate for joining the European Union and has applied for NATO membership.