海地所在的伊斯帕尼奥拉岛西部海岸十分曲折,但是沿海只有少数几个附属岛屿。海地属于科迪勒拉山系的中段,具有明显的山地特征,分为四条大致平行的东西走向山脉。在地质上,海地所在的伊斯帕尼奥拉岛并非像科迪勒拉山系那样形成于晚白垩纪或古近纪的阿尔卑斯褶皱运动,而是属于新近纪的断层构造产物,其地壳构造运动自上新世开始,至更新世还在继续。海地境内最高点Pic la Selle高度为海拔2680米。
1.阿蒂博尼特区Département de l'Artibonite
2.中央区Département du Centre
3.大湾区Département de la Grand'Anse
4.尼佩区Département des Nippes (2003设立)
5.北方区Département du Nord
6.东北区Département du Nord-Est
7.西北区Département du Nord-Ouest
8.西方区Département de Ouest
9.东南区Département du Sud-Est
10.南方区Département du Sud
政治
主要政党
希望阵线(Fwon Lespwa/Front de l’Espoir)
国家民主进步大会(Rassemblement des Démocrats Nationaux Progressistes)
Respè党
重建海地基督教全国联盟(Union Nationale Chrétienne pour la Reconstruction d’Haïti)
新海地基督教运动(Mouvement Chrétien pour Batir une Nouvelle Haïti)
人民奋斗组织(Oganizasyon Pèp Kap Lité)
民主同盟党(Alyans/Alliance Démocratique)
国家重建阵线(FRN)
国家和解独立运动(Mouvement Indépendant pour la Réconcilation Nationale)
经济
海地首都太子港的贫民区海地是世界上最不发达的国家之一。联合国开发计划署的人类发展指数评价中,海地在177个国家中名列第153位。2004年,海地的GDP(按购买力计算)为120.5亿美元,排名第145位;人均GDP为380美元,排名第150位。2004年海地通货膨胀率为22%,外债为14亿美元。
Haiti (pronounced /ˈheɪtiː/; French Haïti, pronounced: [a.iti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti), officially the Republic of Haiti (République d'Haïti ; Repiblik Ayiti), is a Creole- and French-speaking Caribbean country. Along with the Dominican Republic, it occupies the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antillean archipelago. Ayiti (Land of high mountains) was the indigenous Taíno or Amerindian name for the mountainous western side of the island. The country's highest point is Pic la Selle, at 2,680 metres (8,793 ft). The total area of Haiti is 27,750 square kilometres (10,714 sq mi) and its capital is Port-au-Prince.
Haiti's regional, historical, and ethnolinguistic position is unique for several reasons. It was the first independent nation in Latin America, the first post-colonial independent Black-led nation in the world, and the only nation whose independence was gained as part of a successful slave rebellion. Despite having common cultural links with its Hispano-Caribbean neighbors, Haiti is the only predominantly Francophone independent nation in the Americas, and one of only two (along with Canada) which designate French as an official language; the other French-speaking countries are all overseas départements or collectivités of France.